pg_upgrade.h

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/*
 *  pg_upgrade.h
 *
 *  Copyright (c) 2010-2026, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 *  src/bin/pg_upgrade/pg_upgrade.h
 */
 
#include <unistd.h>
#include <assert.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
 
#include "common/relpath.h"
#include "libpq-fe.h"
 
/* For now, pg_upgrade does not use common/logging.c; use our own pg_fatal */
#undef pg_fatal
 
/* Use port in the private/dynamic port number range */
#define DEF_PGUPORT         50432
 
#define MAX_STRING          1024
#define QUERY_ALLOC         8192
 
#define MESSAGE_WIDTH       62
 
#define GET_MAJOR_VERSION(v)    ((v) / 100)
 
/* contains both global db information and CREATE DATABASE commands */
#define GLOBALS_DUMP_FILE   "pg_upgrade_dump_globals.sql"
#define DB_DUMP_FILE_MASK   "pg_upgrade_dump_%u.custom"
 
/*
 * Base directories that include all the files generated internally, from the
 * root path of the new cluster.  The paths are dynamically built as of
 * BASE_OUTPUTDIR/$timestamp/{LOG_OUTPUTDIR,DUMP_OUTPUTDIR} to ensure their
 * uniqueness in each run.
 */
#define BASE_OUTPUTDIR      "pg_upgrade_output.d"
#define LOG_OUTPUTDIR        "log"
#define DUMP_OUTPUTDIR       "dump"
 
#define DB_DUMP_LOG_FILE_MASK   "pg_upgrade_dump_%u.log"
#define SERVER_LOG_FILE     "pg_upgrade_server.log"
#define UTILITY_LOG_FILE    "pg_upgrade_utility.log"
#define INTERNAL_LOG_FILE   "pg_upgrade_internal.log"
 
extern char *output_files[];
 
/*
 * WIN32 files do not accept writes from multiple processes
 *
 * On Win32, we can't send both pg_upgrade output and command output to the
 * same file because we get the error: "The process cannot access the file
 * because it is being used by another process." so send the pg_ctl
 * command-line output to a new file, rather than into the server log file.
 * Ideally we could use UTILITY_LOG_FILE for this, but some Windows platforms
 * keep the pg_ctl output file open by the running postmaster, even after
 * pg_ctl exits.
 *
 * We could use the Windows pgwin32_open() flags to allow shared file
 * writes but is unclear how all other tools would use those flags, so
 * we just avoid it and log a little differently on Windows;  we adjust
 * the error message appropriately.
 */
#ifndef WIN32
#define SERVER_START_LOG_FILE   SERVER_LOG_FILE
#define SERVER_STOP_LOG_FILE    SERVER_LOG_FILE
#else
#define SERVER_START_LOG_FILE   "pg_upgrade_server_start.log"
/*
 *  "pg_ctl start" keeps SERVER_START_LOG_FILE and SERVER_LOG_FILE open
 *  while the server is running, so we use UTILITY_LOG_FILE for "pg_ctl
 *  stop".
 */
#define SERVER_STOP_LOG_FILE    UTILITY_LOG_FILE
#endif
 
 
#ifndef WIN32
#define pg_mv_file          rename
#define PATH_SEPARATOR      '/'
#define PATH_QUOTE  '\''
#define RM_CMD              "rm -f"
#define RMDIR_CMD           "rm -rf"
#define SCRIPT_PREFIX       "./"
#define SCRIPT_EXT          "sh"
#define ECHO_QUOTE  "'"
#define ECHO_BLANK  ""
#else
#define pg_mv_file          pgrename
#define PATH_SEPARATOR      '\\'
#define PATH_QUOTE  '"'
/* @ prefix disables command echo in .bat files */
#define RM_CMD              "@DEL /q"
#define RMDIR_CMD           "@RMDIR /s/q"
#define SCRIPT_PREFIX       ""
#define SCRIPT_EXT          "bat"
#define ECHO_QUOTE  ""
#define ECHO_BLANK  "."
#endif
 
 
/*
 * The format of visibility map was changed with this 9.6 commit.
 */
#define VISIBILITY_MAP_FROZEN_BIT_CAT_VER 201603011
 
/*
 * pg_multixact format changed in 9.3 commit 0ac5ad5134f2769ccbaefec73844f85,
 * ("Improve concurrency of foreign key locking") which also updated catalog
 * version to this value.  pg_upgrade behavior depends on whether old and new
 * server versions are both newer than this, or only the new one is.
 */
#define MULTIXACT_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 201301231
 
/*
 * MultiXactOffset was changed from 32-bit to 64-bit in version 19, at this
 * catalog version.  pg_multixact files need to be converted when upgrading
 * across this version.
 */
#define MULTIXACTOFFSET_FORMATCHANGE_CAT_VER 202512091
 
/*
 * large object chunk size added to pg_controldata,
 * commit 5f93c37805e7485488480916b4585e098d3cc883
 */
#define LARGE_OBJECT_SIZE_PG_CONTROL_VER 942
 
/*
 * change in JSONB format during 9.4 beta
 */
#define JSONB_FORMAT_CHANGE_CAT_VER 201409291
 
/*
 * The control file was changed to have the default char signedness,
 * commit 44fe30fdab6746a287163e7cc093fd36cda8eb92
 */
#define DEFAULT_CHAR_SIGNEDNESS_CAT_VER 202502212
 
/*
 * Each relation is represented by a relinfo structure.
 */
typedef struct
{
    /* Can't use NAMEDATALEN; not guaranteed to be same on client */
    char       *nspname;        /* namespace name */
    char       *relname;        /* relation name */
    Oid         reloid;         /* relation OID */
    RelFileNumber relfilenumber;    /* relation file number */
    Oid         indtable;       /* if index, OID of its table, else 0 */
    Oid         toastheap;      /* if toast table, OID of base table, else 0 */
    char       *tablespace;     /* tablespace path; "" for cluster default */
    bool        nsp_alloc;      /* should nspname be freed? */
    bool        tblsp_alloc;    /* should tablespace be freed? */
} RelInfo;
 
typedef struct
{
    RelInfo    *rels;
    int         nrels;
} RelInfoArr;
 
/*
 * Structure to store logical replication slot information.
 */
typedef struct
{
    char       *slotname;       /* slot name */
    char       *plugin;         /* plugin */
    bool        two_phase;      /* can the slot decode 2PC? */
    bool        caught_up;      /* has the slot caught up to latest changes? */
    bool        invalid;        /* if true, the slot is unusable */
    bool        failover;       /* is the slot designated to be synced to the
                                 * physical standby? */
} LogicalSlotInfo;
 
typedef struct
{
    int         nslots;         /* number of logical slot infos */
    LogicalSlotInfo *slots;     /* array of logical slot infos */
} LogicalSlotInfoArr;
 
/*
 * The following structure represents a relation mapping.
 */
typedef struct
{
    const char *old_tablespace;
    const char *new_tablespace;
    const char *old_tablespace_suffix;
    const char *new_tablespace_suffix;
    Oid         db_oid;
    RelFileNumber relfilenumber;
    /* the rest are used only for logging and error reporting */
    char       *nspname;        /* namespaces */
    char       *relname;
} FileNameMap;
 
/*
 * Structure to store database information
 */
typedef struct
{
    Oid         db_oid;         /* oid of the database */
    char       *db_name;        /* database name */
    char        db_tablespace[MAXPGPATH];   /* database default tablespace
                                             * path */
    RelInfoArr  rel_arr;        /* array of all user relinfos */
    LogicalSlotInfoArr slot_arr;    /* array of all LogicalSlotInfo */
} DbInfo;
 
/*
 * Locale information about a database.
 */
typedef struct
{
    char       *db_collate;
    char       *db_ctype;
    char        db_collprovider;
    char       *db_locale;
    int         db_encoding;
} DbLocaleInfo;
 
typedef struct
{
    DbInfo     *dbs;            /* array of db infos */
    int         ndbs;           /* number of db infos */
} DbInfoArr;
 
/*
 * The following structure is used to hold pg_control information.
 * Rather than using the backend's control structure we use our own
 * structure to avoid pg_control version issues between releases.
 */
typedef struct
{
    uint32      ctrl_ver;
    uint32      cat_ver;
    char        nextxlogfile[25];
    uint32      chkpnt_nxtxid;
    uint32      chkpnt_nxtepoch;
    uint32      chkpnt_nxtoid;
    uint32      chkpnt_nxtmulti;
    uint64      chkpnt_nxtmxoff;
    uint32      chkpnt_oldstMulti;
    uint32      chkpnt_oldstxid;
    uint32      align;
    uint32      blocksz;
    uint32      largesz;
    uint32      walsz;
    uint32      walseg;
    uint32      ident;
    uint32      index;
    uint32      toast;
    uint32      large_object;
    bool        date_is_int;
    bool        float8_pass_by_value;
    uint32      data_checksum_version;
    bool        default_char_signedness;
} ControlData;
 
/*
 * Enumeration to denote transfer modes
 */
typedef enum
{
    TRANSFER_MODE_CLONE,
    TRANSFER_MODE_COPY,
    TRANSFER_MODE_COPY_FILE_RANGE,
    TRANSFER_MODE_LINK,
    TRANSFER_MODE_SWAP,
} transferMode;
 
/*
 * Enumeration to denote pg_log modes
 */
typedef enum
{
    PG_VERBOSE,
    PG_STATUS,                  /* these messages do not get a newline added */
    PG_REPORT_NONL,             /* these too */
    PG_REPORT,
    PG_WARNING,
    PG_FATAL,
} eLogType;
 
 
/*
 * cluster
 *
 *  information about each cluster
 */
typedef struct
{
    ControlData controldata;    /* pg_control information */
    DbLocaleInfo *template0;    /* template0 locale info */
    DbInfoArr   dbarr;          /* dbinfos array */
    char       *pgdata;         /* pathname for cluster's $PGDATA directory */
    char       *pgconfig;       /* pathname for cluster's config file
                                 * directory */
    char       *bindir;         /* pathname for cluster's executable directory */
    char       *pgopts;         /* options to pass to the server, like pg_ctl
                                 * -o */
    char       *sockdir;        /* directory for Unix Domain socket, if any */
    unsigned short port;        /* port number where postmaster is waiting */
    uint32      major_version;  /* PG_VERSION of cluster */
    char       *major_version_str;  /* string PG_VERSION of cluster */
    uint32      bin_version;    /* version returned from pg_ctl */
    char      **tablespaces;    /* tablespace directories */
    int         num_tablespaces;
    const char *tablespace_suffix;  /* directory specification */
    int         nsubs;          /* number of subscriptions */
    bool        sub_retain_dead_tuples; /* whether a subscription enables
                                         * retain_dead_tuples. */
} ClusterInfo;
 
 
/*
 *  LogOpts
*/
typedef struct
{
    FILE       *internal;       /* internal log FILE */
    bool        verbose;        /* true -> be verbose in messages */
    bool        retain;         /* retain log files on success */
    /* Set of internal directories for output files */
    char       *rootdir;        /* Root directory, aka pg_upgrade_output.d */
    char       *basedir;        /* Base output directory, with timestamp */
    char       *dumpdir;        /* Dumps */
    char       *logdir;         /* Log files */
    bool        isatty;         /* is stdout a tty */
} LogOpts;
 
 
/*
 *  UserOpts
*/
typedef struct
{
    bool        check;          /* check clusters only, don't change any data */
    bool        live_check;     /* check clusters only, old server is running */
    bool        do_sync;        /* flush changes to disk */
    transferMode transfer_mode; /* copy files or link them? */
    int         jobs;           /* number of processes/threads to use */
    char       *socketdir;      /* directory to use for Unix sockets */
    char       *sync_method;
    bool        do_statistics;  /* carry over statistics from old cluster */
    int         char_signedness;    /* default char signedness: -1 for initial
                                     * value, 1 for "signed" and 0 for
                                     * "unsigned" */
} UserOpts;
 
typedef struct
{
    char       *name;
    int         dbnum;
} LibraryInfo;
 
/*
 * OSInfo
 */
typedef struct
{
    const char *progname;       /* complete pathname for this program */
    char       *user;           /* username for clusters */
    bool        user_specified; /* user specified on command-line */
    LibraryInfo *libraries;     /* loadable libraries */
    int         num_libraries;
    ClusterInfo *running_cluster;
} OSInfo;
 
 
/* Function signature for data type check version hook */
typedef bool (*DataTypesUsageVersionCheck) (ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
/*
 * Global variables
 */
extern LogOpts log_opts;
extern UserOpts user_opts;
extern ClusterInfo old_cluster,
            new_cluster;
extern OSInfo os_info;
 
 
/* check.c */
 
void        output_check_banner(void);
void        check_and_dump_old_cluster(void);
void        check_new_cluster(void);
void        report_clusters_compatible(void);
void        issue_warnings_and_set_wal_level(void);
void        output_completion_banner(char *deletion_script_file_name);
void        check_cluster_versions(void);
void        check_cluster_compatibility(void);
void        create_script_for_old_cluster_deletion(char **deletion_script_file_name);
 
 
/* controldata.c */
 
void        get_control_data(ClusterInfo *cluster);
void        check_control_data(ControlData *oldctrl, ControlData *newctrl);
void        disable_old_cluster(transferMode transfer_mode);
 
 
/* dump.c */
 
void        generate_old_dump(void);
 
 
/* exec.c */
 
#define EXEC_PSQL_ARGS "--echo-queries --set ON_ERROR_STOP=on --no-psqlrc --dbname=template1"
 
bool        exec_prog(const char *log_filename, const char *opt_log_file,
                      bool report_error, bool exit_on_error, const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(5, 6);
void        verify_directories(void);
bool        pid_lock_file_exists(const char *datadir);
 
 
/* file.c */
 
void        cloneFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
                      const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
void        copyFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
                     const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
void        copyFileByRange(const char *src, const char *dst,
                            const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
void        linkFile(const char *src, const char *dst,
                     const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
void        rewriteVisibilityMap(const char *fromfile, const char *tofile,
                                 const char *schemaName, const char *relName);
void        check_file_clone(void);
void        check_copy_file_range(void);
void        check_hard_link(transferMode transfer_mode);
 
/* fopen_priv() is no longer different from fopen() */
#define fopen_priv(path, mode)  fopen(path, mode)
 
/* function.c */
 
void        get_loadable_libraries(void);
void        check_loadable_libraries(void);
 
/* info.c */
 
FileNameMap *gen_db_file_maps(DbInfo *old_db,
                              DbInfo *new_db, int *nmaps, const char *old_pgdata,
                              const char *new_pgdata);
void        get_db_rel_and_slot_infos(ClusterInfo *cluster);
int         count_old_cluster_logical_slots(void);
void        get_subscription_info(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
/* option.c */
 
void        parseCommandLine(int argc, char *argv[]);
void        adjust_data_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster);
void        get_sock_dir(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
/* relfilenumber.c */
 
void        transfer_all_new_tablespaces(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr,
                                         DbInfoArr *new_db_arr, char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata);
void        transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr,
                                 DbInfoArr *new_db_arr, char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata,
                                 char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
 
/* tablespace.c */
 
void        init_tablespaces(void);
 
 
/* server.c */
 
PGconn     *connectToServer(ClusterInfo *cluster, const char *db_name);
PGresult   *executeQueryOrDie(PGconn *conn, const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(2, 3);
 
char       *cluster_conn_opts(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
bool        start_postmaster(ClusterInfo *cluster, bool report_and_exit_on_error);
void        stop_postmaster(bool in_atexit);
void        check_pghost_envvar(void);
 
 
/* util.c */
 
char       *quote_identifier(const char *s);
int         get_user_info(char **user_name_p);
void        check_ok(void);
void        report_status(eLogType type, const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(2, 3);
void        pg_log(eLogType type, const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(2, 3);
pg_noreturn void pg_fatal(const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(1, 2);
void        end_progress_output(void);
void        cleanup_output_dirs(void);
void        prep_status(const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(1, 2);
void        prep_status_progress(const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(1, 2);
unsigned int str2uint(const char *str);
 
 
/* version.c */
 
bool        jsonb_9_4_check_applicable(ClusterInfo *cluster);
void        old_9_6_invalidate_hash_indexes(ClusterInfo *cluster,
                                            bool check_mode);
 
void        report_extension_updates(ClusterInfo *cluster);
 
/* multixact_rewrite.c */
MultiXactOffset rewrite_multixacts(MultiXactId from_multi, MultiXactId to_multi);
 
/* parallel.c */
void        parallel_exec_prog(const char *log_file, const char *opt_log_file,
                               const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(3, 4);
void        parallel_transfer_all_new_dbs(DbInfoArr *old_db_arr, DbInfoArr *new_db_arr,
                                          char *old_pgdata, char *new_pgdata,
                                          char *old_tablespace, char *new_tablespace);
bool        reap_child(bool wait_for_child);
 
/* task.c */
 
typedef void (*UpgradeTaskProcessCB) (DbInfo *dbinfo, PGresult *res, void *arg);
 
/* struct definition is private to task.c */
typedef struct UpgradeTask UpgradeTask;
 
UpgradeTask *upgrade_task_create(void);
void        upgrade_task_add_step(UpgradeTask *task, const char *query,
                                  UpgradeTaskProcessCB process_cb, bool free_result,
                                  void *arg);
void        upgrade_task_run(const UpgradeTask *task, const ClusterInfo *cluster);
void        upgrade_task_free(UpgradeTask *task);
 
/* convenient type for common private data needed by several tasks */
typedef struct
{
    FILE       *file;
    char        path[MAXPGPATH];
} UpgradeTaskReport;