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prepqual.c
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1 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2  *
3  * prepqual.c
4  * Routines for preprocessing qualification expressions
5  *
6  *
7  * While the parser will produce flattened (N-argument) AND/OR trees from
8  * simple sequences of AND'ed or OR'ed clauses, there might be an AND clause
9  * directly underneath another AND, or OR underneath OR, if the input was
10  * oddly parenthesized. Also, rule expansion and subquery flattening could
11  * produce such parsetrees. The planner wants to flatten all such cases
12  * to ensure consistent optimization behavior.
13  *
14  * Formerly, this module was responsible for doing the initial flattening,
15  * but now we leave it to eval_const_expressions to do that since it has to
16  * make a complete pass over the expression tree anyway. Instead, we just
17  * have to ensure that our manipulations preserve AND/OR flatness.
18  * pull_ands() and pull_ors() are used to maintain flatness of the AND/OR
19  * tree after local transformations that might introduce nested AND/ORs.
20  *
21  *
22  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
23  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
24  *
25  *
26  * IDENTIFICATION
27  * src/backend/optimizer/prep/prepqual.c
28  *
29  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
30  */
31 
32 #include "postgres.h"
33 
34 #include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
35 #include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
36 #include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
37 #include "utils/lsyscache.h"
38 
39 
40 static List *pull_ands(List *andlist);
41 static List *pull_ors(List *orlist);
42 static Expr *find_duplicate_ors(Expr *qual, bool is_check);
43 static Expr *process_duplicate_ors(List *orlist);
44 
45 
46 /*
47  * negate_clause
48  * Negate a Boolean expression.
49  *
50  * Input is a clause to be negated (e.g., the argument of a NOT clause).
51  * Returns a new clause equivalent to the negation of the given clause.
52  *
53  * Although this can be invoked on its own, it's mainly intended as a helper
54  * for eval_const_expressions(), and that context drives several design
55  * decisions. In particular, if the input is already AND/OR flat, we must
56  * preserve that property. We also don't bother to recurse in situations
57  * where we can assume that lower-level executions of eval_const_expressions
58  * would already have simplified sub-clauses of the input.
59  *
60  * The difference between this and a simple make_notclause() is that this
61  * tries to get rid of the NOT node by logical simplification. It's clearly
62  * always a win if the NOT node can be eliminated altogether. However, our
63  * use of DeMorgan's laws could result in having more NOT nodes rather than
64  * fewer. We do that unconditionally anyway, because in WHERE clauses it's
65  * important to expose as much top-level AND/OR structure as possible.
66  * Also, eliminating an intermediate NOT may allow us to flatten two levels
67  * of AND or OR together that we couldn't have otherwise. Finally, one of
68  * the motivations for doing this is to ensure that logically equivalent
69  * expressions will be seen as physically equal(), so we should always apply
70  * the same transformations.
71  */
72 Node *
74 {
75  if (node == NULL) /* should not happen */
76  elog(ERROR, "can't negate an empty subexpression");
77  switch (nodeTag(node))
78  {
79  case T_Const:
80  {
81  Const *c = (Const *) node;
82 
83  /* NOT NULL is still NULL */
84  if (c->constisnull)
85  return makeBoolConst(false, true);
86  /* otherwise pretty easy */
87  return makeBoolConst(!DatumGetBool(c->constvalue), false);
88  }
89  break;
90  case T_OpExpr:
91  {
92  /*
93  * Negate operator if possible: (NOT (< A B)) => (>= A B)
94  */
95  OpExpr *opexpr = (OpExpr *) node;
96  Oid negator = get_negator(opexpr->opno);
97 
98  if (negator)
99  {
100  OpExpr *newopexpr = makeNode(OpExpr);
101 
102  newopexpr->opno = negator;
103  newopexpr->opfuncid = InvalidOid;
104  newopexpr->opresulttype = opexpr->opresulttype;
105  newopexpr->opretset = opexpr->opretset;
106  newopexpr->opcollid = opexpr->opcollid;
107  newopexpr->inputcollid = opexpr->inputcollid;
108  newopexpr->args = opexpr->args;
109  newopexpr->location = opexpr->location;
110  return (Node *) newopexpr;
111  }
112  }
113  break;
114  case T_ScalarArrayOpExpr:
115  {
116  /*
117  * Negate a ScalarArrayOpExpr if its operator has a negator;
118  * for example x = ANY (list) becomes x <> ALL (list)
119  */
120  ScalarArrayOpExpr *saopexpr = (ScalarArrayOpExpr *) node;
121  Oid negator = get_negator(saopexpr->opno);
122 
123  if (negator)
124  {
126 
127  newopexpr->opno = negator;
128  newopexpr->opfuncid = InvalidOid;
129  newopexpr->hashfuncid = InvalidOid;
130  newopexpr->negfuncid = InvalidOid;
131  newopexpr->useOr = !saopexpr->useOr;
132  newopexpr->inputcollid = saopexpr->inputcollid;
133  newopexpr->args = saopexpr->args;
134  newopexpr->location = saopexpr->location;
135  return (Node *) newopexpr;
136  }
137  }
138  break;
139  case T_BoolExpr:
140  {
141  BoolExpr *expr = (BoolExpr *) node;
142 
143  switch (expr->boolop)
144  {
145  /*--------------------
146  * Apply DeMorgan's Laws:
147  * (NOT (AND A B)) => (OR (NOT A) (NOT B))
148  * (NOT (OR A B)) => (AND (NOT A) (NOT B))
149  * i.e., swap AND for OR and negate each subclause.
150  *
151  * If the input is already AND/OR flat and has no NOT
152  * directly above AND or OR, this transformation preserves
153  * those properties. For example, if no direct child of
154  * the given AND clause is an AND or a NOT-above-OR, then
155  * the recursive calls of negate_clause() can't return any
156  * OR clauses. So we needn't call pull_ors() before
157  * building a new OR clause. Similarly for the OR case.
158  *--------------------
159  */
160  case AND_EXPR:
161  {
162  List *nargs = NIL;
163  ListCell *lc;
164 
165  foreach(lc, expr->args)
166  {
167  nargs = lappend(nargs,
168  negate_clause(lfirst(lc)));
169  }
170  return (Node *) make_orclause(nargs);
171  }
172  break;
173  case OR_EXPR:
174  {
175  List *nargs = NIL;
176  ListCell *lc;
177 
178  foreach(lc, expr->args)
179  {
180  nargs = lappend(nargs,
181  negate_clause(lfirst(lc)));
182  }
183  return (Node *) make_andclause(nargs);
184  }
185  break;
186  case NOT_EXPR:
187 
188  /*
189  * NOT underneath NOT: they cancel. We assume the
190  * input is already simplified, so no need to recurse.
191  */
192  return (Node *) linitial(expr->args);
193  default:
194  elog(ERROR, "unrecognized boolop: %d",
195  (int) expr->boolop);
196  break;
197  }
198  }
199  break;
200  case T_NullTest:
201  {
202  NullTest *expr = (NullTest *) node;
203 
204  /*
205  * In the rowtype case, the two flavors of NullTest are *not*
206  * logical inverses, so we can't simplify. But it does work
207  * for scalar datatypes.
208  */
209  if (!expr->argisrow)
210  {
211  NullTest *newexpr = makeNode(NullTest);
212 
213  newexpr->arg = expr->arg;
214  newexpr->nulltesttype = (expr->nulltesttype == IS_NULL ?
215  IS_NOT_NULL : IS_NULL);
216  newexpr->argisrow = expr->argisrow;
217  newexpr->location = expr->location;
218  return (Node *) newexpr;
219  }
220  }
221  break;
222  case T_BooleanTest:
223  {
224  BooleanTest *expr = (BooleanTest *) node;
225  BooleanTest *newexpr = makeNode(BooleanTest);
226 
227  newexpr->arg = expr->arg;
228  switch (expr->booltesttype)
229  {
230  case IS_TRUE:
231  newexpr->booltesttype = IS_NOT_TRUE;
232  break;
233  case IS_NOT_TRUE:
234  newexpr->booltesttype = IS_TRUE;
235  break;
236  case IS_FALSE:
237  newexpr->booltesttype = IS_NOT_FALSE;
238  break;
239  case IS_NOT_FALSE:
240  newexpr->booltesttype = IS_FALSE;
241  break;
242  case IS_UNKNOWN:
243  newexpr->booltesttype = IS_NOT_UNKNOWN;
244  break;
245  case IS_NOT_UNKNOWN:
246  newexpr->booltesttype = IS_UNKNOWN;
247  break;
248  default:
249  elog(ERROR, "unrecognized booltesttype: %d",
250  (int) expr->booltesttype);
251  break;
252  }
253  newexpr->location = expr->location;
254  return (Node *) newexpr;
255  }
256  break;
257  default:
258  /* else fall through */
259  break;
260  }
261 
262  /*
263  * Otherwise we don't know how to simplify this, so just tack on an
264  * explicit NOT node.
265  */
266  return (Node *) make_notclause((Expr *) node);
267 }
268 
269 
270 /*
271  * canonicalize_qual
272  * Convert a qualification expression to the most useful form.
273  *
274  * This is primarily intended to be used on top-level WHERE (or JOIN/ON)
275  * clauses. It can also be used on top-level CHECK constraints, for which
276  * pass is_check = true. DO NOT call it on any expression that is not known
277  * to be one or the other, as it might apply inappropriate simplifications.
278  *
279  * The name of this routine is a holdover from a time when it would try to
280  * force the expression into canonical AND-of-ORs or OR-of-ANDs form.
281  * Eventually, we recognized that that had more theoretical purity than
282  * actual usefulness, and so now the transformation doesn't involve any
283  * notion of reaching a canonical form.
284  *
285  * NOTE: we assume the input has already been through eval_const_expressions
286  * and therefore possesses AND/OR flatness. Formerly this function included
287  * its own flattening logic, but that requires a useless extra pass over the
288  * tree.
289  *
290  * Returns the modified qualification.
291  */
292 Expr *
293 canonicalize_qual(Expr *qual, bool is_check)
294 {
295  Expr *newqual;
296 
297  /* Quick exit for empty qual */
298  if (qual == NULL)
299  return NULL;
300 
301  /* This should not be invoked on quals in implicit-AND format */
302  Assert(!IsA(qual, List));
303 
304  /*
305  * Pull up redundant subclauses in OR-of-AND trees. We do this only
306  * within the top-level AND/OR structure; there's no point in looking
307  * deeper. Also remove any NULL constants in the top-level structure.
308  */
309  newqual = find_duplicate_ors(qual, is_check);
310 
311  return newqual;
312 }
313 
314 
315 /*
316  * pull_ands
317  * Recursively flatten nested AND clauses into a single and-clause list.
318  *
319  * Input is the arglist of an AND clause.
320  * Returns the rebuilt arglist (note original list structure is not touched).
321  */
322 static List *
323 pull_ands(List *andlist)
324 {
325  List *out_list = NIL;
326  ListCell *arg;
327 
328  foreach(arg, andlist)
329  {
330  Node *subexpr = (Node *) lfirst(arg);
331 
332  if (is_andclause(subexpr))
333  out_list = list_concat(out_list,
334  pull_ands(((BoolExpr *) subexpr)->args));
335  else
336  out_list = lappend(out_list, subexpr);
337  }
338  return out_list;
339 }
340 
341 /*
342  * pull_ors
343  * Recursively flatten nested OR clauses into a single or-clause list.
344  *
345  * Input is the arglist of an OR clause.
346  * Returns the rebuilt arglist (note original list structure is not touched).
347  */
348 static List *
349 pull_ors(List *orlist)
350 {
351  List *out_list = NIL;
352  ListCell *arg;
353 
354  foreach(arg, orlist)
355  {
356  Node *subexpr = (Node *) lfirst(arg);
357 
358  if (is_orclause(subexpr))
359  out_list = list_concat(out_list,
360  pull_ors(((BoolExpr *) subexpr)->args));
361  else
362  out_list = lappend(out_list, subexpr);
363  }
364  return out_list;
365 }
366 
367 
368 /*--------------------
369  * The following code attempts to apply the inverse OR distributive law:
370  * ((A AND B) OR (A AND C)) => (A AND (B OR C))
371  * That is, locate OR clauses in which every subclause contains an
372  * identical term, and pull out the duplicated terms.
373  *
374  * This may seem like a fairly useless activity, but it turns out to be
375  * applicable to many machine-generated queries, and there are also queries
376  * in some of the TPC benchmarks that need it. This was in fact almost the
377  * sole useful side-effect of the old prepqual code that tried to force
378  * the query into canonical AND-of-ORs form: the canonical equivalent of
379  * ((A AND B) OR (A AND C))
380  * is
381  * ((A OR A) AND (A OR C) AND (B OR A) AND (B OR C))
382  * which the code was able to simplify to
383  * (A AND (A OR C) AND (B OR A) AND (B OR C))
384  * thus successfully extracting the common condition A --- but at the cost
385  * of cluttering the qual with many redundant clauses.
386  *--------------------
387  */
388 
389 /*
390  * find_duplicate_ors
391  * Given a qualification tree with the NOTs pushed down, search for
392  * OR clauses to which the inverse OR distributive law might apply.
393  * Only the top-level AND/OR structure is searched.
394  *
395  * While at it, we remove any NULL constants within the top-level AND/OR
396  * structure, eg in a WHERE clause, "x OR NULL::boolean" is reduced to "x".
397  * In general that would change the result, so eval_const_expressions can't
398  * do it; but at top level of WHERE, we don't need to distinguish between
399  * FALSE and NULL results, so it's valid to treat NULL::boolean the same
400  * as FALSE and then simplify AND/OR accordingly. Conversely, in a top-level
401  * CHECK constraint, we may treat a NULL the same as TRUE.
402  *
403  * Returns the modified qualification. AND/OR flatness is preserved.
404  */
405 static Expr *
406 find_duplicate_ors(Expr *qual, bool is_check)
407 {
408  if (is_orclause(qual))
409  {
410  List *orlist = NIL;
411  ListCell *temp;
412 
413  /* Recurse */
414  foreach(temp, ((BoolExpr *) qual)->args)
415  {
416  Expr *arg = (Expr *) lfirst(temp);
417 
418  arg = find_duplicate_ors(arg, is_check);
419 
420  /* Get rid of any constant inputs */
421  if (arg && IsA(arg, Const))
422  {
423  Const *carg = (Const *) arg;
424 
425  if (is_check)
426  {
427  /* Within OR in CHECK, drop constant FALSE */
428  if (!carg->constisnull && !DatumGetBool(carg->constvalue))
429  continue;
430  /* Constant TRUE or NULL, so OR reduces to TRUE */
431  return (Expr *) makeBoolConst(true, false);
432  }
433  else
434  {
435  /* Within OR in WHERE, drop constant FALSE or NULL */
436  if (carg->constisnull || !DatumGetBool(carg->constvalue))
437  continue;
438  /* Constant TRUE, so OR reduces to TRUE */
439  return arg;
440  }
441  }
442 
443  orlist = lappend(orlist, arg);
444  }
445 
446  /* Flatten any ORs pulled up to just below here */
447  orlist = pull_ors(orlist);
448 
449  /* Now we can look for duplicate ORs */
450  return process_duplicate_ors(orlist);
451  }
452  else if (is_andclause(qual))
453  {
454  List *andlist = NIL;
455  ListCell *temp;
456 
457  /* Recurse */
458  foreach(temp, ((BoolExpr *) qual)->args)
459  {
460  Expr *arg = (Expr *) lfirst(temp);
461 
462  arg = find_duplicate_ors(arg, is_check);
463 
464  /* Get rid of any constant inputs */
465  if (arg && IsA(arg, Const))
466  {
467  Const *carg = (Const *) arg;
468 
469  if (is_check)
470  {
471  /* Within AND in CHECK, drop constant TRUE or NULL */
472  if (carg->constisnull || DatumGetBool(carg->constvalue))
473  continue;
474  /* Constant FALSE, so AND reduces to FALSE */
475  return arg;
476  }
477  else
478  {
479  /* Within AND in WHERE, drop constant TRUE */
480  if (!carg->constisnull && DatumGetBool(carg->constvalue))
481  continue;
482  /* Constant FALSE or NULL, so AND reduces to FALSE */
483  return (Expr *) makeBoolConst(false, false);
484  }
485  }
486 
487  andlist = lappend(andlist, arg);
488  }
489 
490  /* Flatten any ANDs introduced just below here */
491  andlist = pull_ands(andlist);
492 
493  /* AND of no inputs reduces to TRUE */
494  if (andlist == NIL)
495  return (Expr *) makeBoolConst(true, false);
496 
497  /* Single-expression AND just reduces to that expression */
498  if (list_length(andlist) == 1)
499  return (Expr *) linitial(andlist);
500 
501  /* Else we still need an AND node */
502  return make_andclause(andlist);
503  }
504  else
505  return qual;
506 }
507 
508 /*
509  * process_duplicate_ors
510  * Given a list of exprs which are ORed together, try to apply
511  * the inverse OR distributive law.
512  *
513  * Returns the resulting expression (could be an AND clause, an OR
514  * clause, or maybe even a single subexpression).
515  */
516 static Expr *
518 {
519  List *reference = NIL;
520  int num_subclauses = 0;
521  List *winners;
522  List *neworlist;
523  ListCell *temp;
524 
525  /* OR of no inputs reduces to FALSE */
526  if (orlist == NIL)
527  return (Expr *) makeBoolConst(false, false);
528 
529  /* Single-expression OR just reduces to that expression */
530  if (list_length(orlist) == 1)
531  return (Expr *) linitial(orlist);
532 
533  /*
534  * Choose the shortest AND clause as the reference list --- obviously, any
535  * subclause not in this clause isn't in all the clauses. If we find a
536  * clause that's not an AND, we can treat it as a one-element AND clause,
537  * which necessarily wins as shortest.
538  */
539  foreach(temp, orlist)
540  {
541  Expr *clause = (Expr *) lfirst(temp);
542 
543  if (is_andclause(clause))
544  {
545  List *subclauses = ((BoolExpr *) clause)->args;
546  int nclauses = list_length(subclauses);
547 
548  if (reference == NIL || nclauses < num_subclauses)
549  {
550  reference = subclauses;
551  num_subclauses = nclauses;
552  }
553  }
554  else
555  {
556  reference = list_make1(clause);
557  break;
558  }
559  }
560 
561  /*
562  * Just in case, eliminate any duplicates in the reference list.
563  */
564  reference = list_union(NIL, reference);
565 
566  /*
567  * Check each element of the reference list to see if it's in all the OR
568  * clauses. Build a new list of winning clauses.
569  */
570  winners = NIL;
571  foreach(temp, reference)
572  {
573  Expr *refclause = (Expr *) lfirst(temp);
574  bool win = true;
575  ListCell *temp2;
576 
577  foreach(temp2, orlist)
578  {
579  Expr *clause = (Expr *) lfirst(temp2);
580 
581  if (is_andclause(clause))
582  {
583  if (!list_member(((BoolExpr *) clause)->args, refclause))
584  {
585  win = false;
586  break;
587  }
588  }
589  else
590  {
591  if (!equal(refclause, clause))
592  {
593  win = false;
594  break;
595  }
596  }
597  }
598 
599  if (win)
600  winners = lappend(winners, refclause);
601  }
602 
603  /*
604  * If no winners, we can't transform the OR
605  */
606  if (winners == NIL)
607  return make_orclause(orlist);
608 
609  /*
610  * Generate new OR list consisting of the remaining sub-clauses.
611  *
612  * If any clause degenerates to empty, then we have a situation like (A
613  * AND B) OR (A), which can be reduced to just A --- that is, the
614  * additional conditions in other arms of the OR are irrelevant.
615  *
616  * Note that because we use list_difference, any multiple occurrences of a
617  * winning clause in an AND sub-clause will be removed automatically.
618  */
619  neworlist = NIL;
620  foreach(temp, orlist)
621  {
622  Expr *clause = (Expr *) lfirst(temp);
623 
624  if (is_andclause(clause))
625  {
626  List *subclauses = ((BoolExpr *) clause)->args;
627 
628  subclauses = list_difference(subclauses, winners);
629  if (subclauses != NIL)
630  {
631  if (list_length(subclauses) == 1)
632  neworlist = lappend(neworlist, linitial(subclauses));
633  else
634  neworlist = lappend(neworlist, make_andclause(subclauses));
635  }
636  else
637  {
638  neworlist = NIL; /* degenerate case, see above */
639  break;
640  }
641  }
642  else
643  {
644  if (!list_member(winners, clause))
645  neworlist = lappend(neworlist, clause);
646  else
647  {
648  neworlist = NIL; /* degenerate case, see above */
649  break;
650  }
651  }
652  }
653 
654  /*
655  * Append reduced OR to the winners list, if it's not degenerate, handling
656  * the special case of one element correctly (can that really happen?).
657  * Also be careful to maintain AND/OR flatness in case we pulled up a
658  * sub-sub-OR-clause.
659  */
660  if (neworlist != NIL)
661  {
662  if (list_length(neworlist) == 1)
663  winners = lappend(winners, linitial(neworlist));
664  else
665  winners = lappend(winners, make_orclause(pull_ors(neworlist)));
666  }
667 
668  /*
669  * And return the constructed AND clause, again being wary of a single
670  * element and AND/OR flatness.
671  */
672  if (list_length(winners) == 1)
673  return (Expr *) linitial(winners);
674  else
675  return make_andclause(pull_ands(winners));
676 }
#define Assert(condition)
Definition: c.h:849
#define ERROR
Definition: elog.h:39
#define elog(elevel,...)
Definition: elog.h:225
bool equal(const void *a, const void *b)
Definition: equalfuncs.c:223
List * list_union(const List *list1, const List *list2)
Definition: list.c:1066
List * lappend(List *list, void *datum)
Definition: list.c:339
List * list_concat(List *list1, const List *list2)
Definition: list.c:561
bool list_member(const List *list, const void *datum)
Definition: list.c:661
List * list_difference(const List *list1, const List *list2)
Definition: list.c:1237
Oid get_negator(Oid opno)
Definition: lsyscache.c:1533
Expr * make_notclause(Expr *notclause)
Definition: makefuncs.c:686
Expr * make_andclause(List *andclauses)
Definition: makefuncs.c:654
Node * makeBoolConst(bool value, bool isnull)
Definition: makefuncs.c:359
Expr * make_orclause(List *orclauses)
Definition: makefuncs.c:670
static bool is_andclause(const void *clause)
Definition: nodeFuncs.h:107
static bool is_orclause(const void *clause)
Definition: nodeFuncs.h:116
#define IsA(nodeptr, _type_)
Definition: nodes.h:158
#define nodeTag(nodeptr)
Definition: nodes.h:133
#define makeNode(_type_)
Definition: nodes.h:155
void * arg
#define lfirst(lc)
Definition: pg_list.h:172
static int list_length(const List *l)
Definition: pg_list.h:152
#define NIL
Definition: pg_list.h:68
#define list_make1(x1)
Definition: pg_list.h:212
#define linitial(l)
Definition: pg_list.h:178
static bool DatumGetBool(Datum X)
Definition: postgres.h:90
#define InvalidOid
Definition: postgres_ext.h:36
unsigned int Oid
Definition: postgres_ext.h:31
static Expr * process_duplicate_ors(List *orlist)
Definition: prepqual.c:517
static List * pull_ors(List *orlist)
Definition: prepqual.c:349
Node * negate_clause(Node *node)
Definition: prepqual.c:73
static List * pull_ands(List *andlist)
Definition: prepqual.c:323
static Expr * find_duplicate_ors(Expr *qual, bool is_check)
Definition: prepqual.c:406
Expr * canonicalize_qual(Expr *qual, bool is_check)
Definition: prepqual.c:293
char * c
@ IS_NOT_TRUE
Definition: primnodes.h:1976
@ IS_NOT_FALSE
Definition: primnodes.h:1976
@ IS_NOT_UNKNOWN
Definition: primnodes.h:1976
@ IS_TRUE
Definition: primnodes.h:1976
@ IS_UNKNOWN
Definition: primnodes.h:1976
@ IS_FALSE
Definition: primnodes.h:1976
@ AND_EXPR
Definition: primnodes.h:931
@ OR_EXPR
Definition: primnodes.h:931
@ NOT_EXPR
Definition: primnodes.h:931
@ IS_NULL
Definition: primnodes.h:1952
@ IS_NOT_NULL
Definition: primnodes.h:1952
BoolExprType boolop
Definition: primnodes.h:939
List * args
Definition: primnodes.h:940
ParseLoc location
Definition: primnodes.h:1984
BoolTestType booltesttype
Definition: primnodes.h:1983
Expr * arg
Definition: primnodes.h:1982
Definition: pg_list.h:54
Definition: nodes.h:129
NullTestType nulltesttype
Definition: primnodes.h:1959
ParseLoc location
Definition: primnodes.h:1962
Expr * arg
Definition: primnodes.h:1958
Oid opno
Definition: primnodes.h:818
List * args
Definition: primnodes.h:836
ParseLoc location
Definition: primnodes.h:839
ParseLoc location
Definition: primnodes.h:919