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ipc.c
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1 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2  *
3  * ipc.c
4  * POSTGRES inter-process communication definitions.
5  *
6  * This file is misnamed, as it no longer has much of anything directly
7  * to do with IPC. The functionality here is concerned with managing
8  * exit-time cleanup for either a postmaster or a backend.
9  *
10  *
11  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2023, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
12  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
13  *
14  *
15  * IDENTIFICATION
16  * src/backend/storage/ipc/ipc.c
17  *
18  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
19  */
20 #include "postgres.h"
21 
22 #include <signal.h>
23 #include <unistd.h>
24 #include <sys/stat.h>
25 
26 #include "miscadmin.h"
27 #ifdef PROFILE_PID_DIR
28 #include "postmaster/autovacuum.h"
29 #endif
30 #include "storage/dsm.h"
31 #include "storage/ipc.h"
32 #include "tcop/tcopprot.h"
33 
34 
35 /*
36  * This flag is set during proc_exit() to change ereport()'s behavior,
37  * so that an ereport() from an on_proc_exit routine cannot get us out
38  * of the exit procedure. We do NOT want to go back to the idle loop...
39  */
40 bool proc_exit_inprogress = false;
41 
42 /*
43  * Set when shmem_exit() is in progress.
44  */
45 bool shmem_exit_inprogress = false;
46 
47 /*
48  * This flag tracks whether we've called atexit() in the current process
49  * (or in the parent postmaster).
50  */
51 static bool atexit_callback_setup = false;
52 
53 /* local functions */
54 static void proc_exit_prepare(int code);
55 
56 
57 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
58  * exit() handling stuff
59  *
60  * These functions are in generally the same spirit as atexit(),
61  * but provide some additional features we need --- in particular,
62  * we want to register callbacks to invoke when we are disconnecting
63  * from a broken shared-memory context but not exiting the postmaster.
64  *
65  * Callback functions can take zero, one, or two args: the first passed
66  * arg is the integer exitcode, the second is the Datum supplied when
67  * the callback was registered.
68  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
69  */
70 
71 #define MAX_ON_EXITS 20
72 
73 struct ONEXIT
74 {
77 };
78 
82 
83 static int on_proc_exit_index,
86 
87 
88 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
89  * proc_exit
90  *
91  * this function calls all the callbacks registered
92  * for it (to free resources) and then calls exit.
93  *
94  * This should be the only function to call exit().
95  * -cim 2/6/90
96  *
97  * Unfortunately, we can't really guarantee that add-on code
98  * obeys the rule of not calling exit() directly. So, while
99  * this is the preferred way out of the system, we also register
100  * an atexit callback that will make sure cleanup happens.
101  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
102  */
103 void
104 proc_exit(int code)
105 {
106  /* Clean up everything that must be cleaned up */
107  proc_exit_prepare(code);
108 
109 #ifdef PROFILE_PID_DIR
110  {
111  /*
112  * If we are profiling ourself then gprof's mcleanup() is about to
113  * write out a profile to ./gmon.out. Since mcleanup() always uses a
114  * fixed file name, each backend will overwrite earlier profiles. To
115  * fix that, we create a separate subdirectory for each backend
116  * (./gprof/pid) and 'cd' to that subdirectory before we exit() - that
117  * forces mcleanup() to write each profile into its own directory. We
118  * end up with something like: $PGDATA/gprof/8829/gmon.out
119  * $PGDATA/gprof/8845/gmon.out ...
120  *
121  * To avoid undesirable disk space bloat, autovacuum workers are
122  * discriminated against: all their gmon.out files go into the same
123  * subdirectory. Without this, an installation that is "just sitting
124  * there" nonetheless eats megabytes of disk space every few seconds.
125  *
126  * Note that we do this here instead of in an on_proc_exit() callback
127  * because we want to ensure that this code executes last - we don't
128  * want to interfere with any other on_proc_exit() callback. For the
129  * same reason, we do not include it in proc_exit_prepare ... so if
130  * you are exiting in the "wrong way" you won't drop your profile in a
131  * nice place.
132  */
133  char gprofDirName[32];
134 
136  snprintf(gprofDirName, 32, "gprof/avworker");
137  else
138  snprintf(gprofDirName, 32, "gprof/%d", (int) getpid());
139 
140  /*
141  * Use mkdir() instead of MakePGDirectory() since we aren't making a
142  * PG directory here.
143  */
144  mkdir("gprof", S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
145  mkdir(gprofDirName, S_IRWXU | S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO);
146  chdir(gprofDirName);
147  }
148 #endif
149 
150  elog(DEBUG3, "exit(%d)", code);
151 
152  exit(code);
153 }
154 
155 /*
156  * Code shared between proc_exit and the atexit handler. Note that in
157  * normal exit through proc_exit, this will actually be called twice ...
158  * but the second call will have nothing to do.
159  */
160 static void
162 {
163  /*
164  * Once we set this flag, we are committed to exit. Any ereport() will
165  * NOT send control back to the main loop, but right back here.
166  */
167  proc_exit_inprogress = true;
168 
169  /*
170  * Forget any pending cancel or die requests; we're doing our best to
171  * close up shop already. Note that the signal handlers will not set
172  * these flags again, now that proc_exit_inprogress is set.
173  */
174  InterruptPending = false;
175  ProcDiePending = false;
176  QueryCancelPending = false;
178  CritSectionCount = 0;
179 
180  /*
181  * Also clear the error context stack, to prevent error callbacks from
182  * being invoked by any elog/ereport calls made during proc_exit. Whatever
183  * context they might want to offer is probably not relevant, and in any
184  * case they are likely to fail outright after we've done things like
185  * aborting any open transaction. (In normal exit scenarios the context
186  * stack should be empty anyway, but it might not be in the case of
187  * elog(FATAL) for example.)
188  */
189  error_context_stack = NULL;
190  /* For the same reason, reset debug_query_string before it's clobbered */
191  debug_query_string = NULL;
192 
193  /* do our shared memory exits first */
194  shmem_exit(code);
195 
196  elog(DEBUG3, "proc_exit(%d): %d callbacks to make",
197  code, on_proc_exit_index);
198 
199  /*
200  * call all the registered callbacks.
201  *
202  * Note that since we decrement on_proc_exit_index each time, if a
203  * callback calls ereport(ERROR) or ereport(FATAL) then it won't be
204  * invoked again when control comes back here (nor will the
205  * previously-completed callbacks). So, an infinite loop should not be
206  * possible.
207  */
208  while (--on_proc_exit_index >= 0)
211 
212  on_proc_exit_index = 0;
213 }
214 
215 /* ------------------
216  * Run all of the on_shmem_exit routines --- but don't actually exit.
217  * This is used by the postmaster to re-initialize shared memory and
218  * semaphores after a backend dies horribly. As with proc_exit(), we
219  * remove each callback from the list before calling it, to avoid
220  * infinite loop in case of error.
221  * ------------------
222  */
223 void
224 shmem_exit(int code)
225 {
226  shmem_exit_inprogress = true;
227 
228  /*
229  * Call before_shmem_exit callbacks.
230  *
231  * These should be things that need most of the system to still be up and
232  * working, such as cleanup of temp relations, which requires catalog
233  * access; or things that need to be completed because later cleanup steps
234  * depend on them, such as releasing lwlocks.
235  */
236  elog(DEBUG3, "shmem_exit(%d): %d before_shmem_exit callbacks to make",
238  while (--before_shmem_exit_index >= 0)
242 
243  /*
244  * Call dynamic shared memory callbacks.
245  *
246  * These serve the same purpose as late callbacks, but for dynamic shared
247  * memory segments rather than the main shared memory segment.
248  * dsm_backend_shutdown() has the same kind of progressive logic we use
249  * for the main shared memory segment; namely, it unregisters each
250  * callback before invoking it, so that we don't get stuck in an infinite
251  * loop if one of those callbacks itself throws an ERROR or FATAL.
252  *
253  * Note that explicitly calling this function here is quite different from
254  * registering it as an on_shmem_exit callback for precisely this reason:
255  * if one dynamic shared memory callback errors out, the remaining
256  * callbacks will still be invoked. Thus, hard-coding this call puts it
257  * equal footing with callbacks for the main shared memory segment.
258  */
260 
261  /*
262  * Call on_shmem_exit callbacks.
263  *
264  * These are generally releasing low-level shared memory resources. In
265  * some cases, this is a backstop against the possibility that the early
266  * callbacks might themselves fail, leading to re-entry to this routine;
267  * in other cases, it's cleanup that only happens at process exit.
268  */
269  elog(DEBUG3, "shmem_exit(%d): %d on_shmem_exit callbacks to make",
270  code, on_shmem_exit_index);
271  while (--on_shmem_exit_index >= 0)
275 
276  shmem_exit_inprogress = false;
277 }
278 
279 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
280  * atexit_callback
281  *
282  * Backstop to ensure that direct calls of exit() don't mess us up.
283  *
284  * Somebody who was being really uncooperative could call _exit(),
285  * but for that case we have a "dead man switch" that will make the
286  * postmaster treat it as a crash --- see pmsignal.c.
287  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
288  */
289 static void
291 {
292  /* Clean up everything that must be cleaned up */
293  /* ... too bad we don't know the real exit code ... */
294  proc_exit_prepare(-1);
295 }
296 
297 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
298  * on_proc_exit
299  *
300  * this function adds a callback function to the list of
301  * functions invoked by proc_exit(). -cim 2/6/90
302  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
303  */
304 void
306 {
308  ereport(FATAL,
309  (errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
310  errmsg_internal("out of on_proc_exit slots")));
311 
314 
316 
318  {
319  atexit(atexit_callback);
320  atexit_callback_setup = true;
321  }
322 }
323 
324 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
325  * before_shmem_exit
326  *
327  * Register early callback to perform user-level cleanup,
328  * e.g. transaction abort, before we begin shutting down
329  * low-level subsystems.
330  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
331  */
332 void
334 {
336  ereport(FATAL,
337  (errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
338  errmsg_internal("out of before_shmem_exit slots")));
339 
342 
344 
346  {
347  atexit(atexit_callback);
348  atexit_callback_setup = true;
349  }
350 }
351 
352 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
353  * on_shmem_exit
354  *
355  * Register ordinary callback to perform low-level shutdown
356  * (e.g. releasing our PGPROC); run after before_shmem_exit
357  * callbacks and before on_proc_exit callbacks.
358  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
359  */
360 void
362 {
364  ereport(FATAL,
365  (errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
366  errmsg_internal("out of on_shmem_exit slots")));
367 
370 
372 
374  {
375  atexit(atexit_callback);
376  atexit_callback_setup = true;
377  }
378 }
379 
380 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
381  * cancel_before_shmem_exit
382  *
383  * this function removes a previously-registered before_shmem_exit
384  * callback. We only look at the latest entry for removal, as we
385  * expect callers to add and remove temporary before_shmem_exit
386  * callbacks in strict LIFO order.
387  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
388  */
389 void
391 {
392  if (before_shmem_exit_index > 0 &&
394  == function &&
397  else
398  elog(ERROR, "before_shmem_exit callback (%p,0x%llx) is not the latest entry",
399  function, (long long) arg);
400 }
401 
402 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
403  * on_exit_reset
404  *
405  * this function clears all on_proc_exit() and on_shmem_exit()
406  * registered functions. This is used just after forking a backend,
407  * so that the backend doesn't believe it should call the postmaster's
408  * on-exit routines when it exits...
409  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
410  */
411 void
413 {
416  on_proc_exit_index = 0;
418 }
419 
420 /* ----------------------------------------------------------------
421  * check_on_shmem_exit_lists_are_empty
422  *
423  * Debugging check that no shmem cleanup handlers have been registered
424  * prematurely in the current process.
425  * ----------------------------------------------------------------
426  */
427 void
429 {
431  elog(FATAL, "before_shmem_exit has been called prematurely");
433  elog(FATAL, "on_shmem_exit has been called prematurely");
434  /* Checking DSM detach state seems unnecessary given the above */
435 }
bool IsAutoVacuumWorkerProcess(void)
Definition: autovacuum.c:3397
void dsm_backend_shutdown(void)
Definition: dsm.c:730
void reset_on_dsm_detach(void)
Definition: dsm.c:1141
int errmsg_internal(const char *fmt,...)
Definition: elog.c:1156
ErrorContextCallback * error_context_stack
Definition: elog.c:95
int errcode(int sqlerrcode)
Definition: elog.c:858
#define DEBUG3
Definition: elog.h:28
#define FATAL
Definition: elog.h:41
#define ERROR
Definition: elog.h:39
#define ereport(elevel,...)
Definition: elog.h:149
volatile sig_atomic_t InterruptPending
Definition: globals.c:30
volatile uint32 InterruptHoldoffCount
Definition: globals.c:40
volatile uint32 CritSectionCount
Definition: globals.c:42
volatile sig_atomic_t QueryCancelPending
Definition: globals.c:31
volatile sig_atomic_t ProcDiePending
Definition: globals.c:32
void check_on_shmem_exit_lists_are_empty(void)
Definition: ipc.c:428
void on_shmem_exit(pg_on_exit_callback function, Datum arg)
Definition: ipc.c:361
static bool atexit_callback_setup
Definition: ipc.c:51
bool shmem_exit_inprogress
Definition: ipc.c:45
void on_proc_exit(pg_on_exit_callback function, Datum arg)
Definition: ipc.c:305
static struct ONEXIT on_proc_exit_list[MAX_ON_EXITS]
Definition: ipc.c:79
void cancel_before_shmem_exit(pg_on_exit_callback function, Datum arg)
Definition: ipc.c:390
static void atexit_callback(void)
Definition: ipc.c:290
bool proc_exit_inprogress
Definition: ipc.c:40
#define MAX_ON_EXITS
Definition: ipc.c:71
static int before_shmem_exit_index
Definition: ipc.c:85
void shmem_exit(int code)
Definition: ipc.c:224
void before_shmem_exit(pg_on_exit_callback function, Datum arg)
Definition: ipc.c:333
static int on_shmem_exit_index
Definition: ipc.c:84
void on_exit_reset(void)
Definition: ipc.c:412
static struct ONEXIT before_shmem_exit_list[MAX_ON_EXITS]
Definition: ipc.c:81
void proc_exit(int code)
Definition: ipc.c:104
static int on_proc_exit_index
Definition: ipc.c:83
static struct ONEXIT on_shmem_exit_list[MAX_ON_EXITS]
Definition: ipc.c:80
static void proc_exit_prepare(int code)
Definition: ipc.c:161
void(* pg_on_exit_callback)(int code, Datum arg)
Definition: ipc.h:21
exit(1)
void * arg
#define snprintf
Definition: port.h:238
const char * debug_query_string
Definition: postgres.c:85
uintptr_t Datum
Definition: postgres.h:64
Definition: ipc.c:74
Datum arg
Definition: ipc.c:76
pg_on_exit_callback function
Definition: ipc.c:75
#define S_IRWXG
Definition: win32_port.h:310
#define S_IRWXO
Definition: win32_port.h:322
#define mkdir(a, b)
Definition: win32_port.h:80
#define S_IRWXU
Definition: win32_port.h:298