port.h

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * port.h
 *    Header for src/port/ compatibility functions.
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2026, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 * src/include/port.h
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#ifndef PG_PORT_H
#define PG_PORT_H
 
#include <ctype.h>
 
/*
 * Windows has enough specialized port stuff that we push most of it off
 * into another file.
 * Note: Some CYGWIN includes might #define WIN32.
 */
#if defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
#include "port/win32_port.h"
#endif
 
/* socket has a different definition on WIN32 */
#ifndef WIN32
typedef int pgsocket;
 
#define PGINVALID_SOCKET (-1)
#else
typedef SOCKET pgsocket;
 
#define PGINVALID_SOCKET INVALID_SOCKET
#endif
 
/* if platform lacks socklen_t, we assume this will work */
#ifndef HAVE_SOCKLEN_T
typedef unsigned int socklen_t;
#endif
 
/* non-blocking */
extern bool pg_set_noblock(pgsocket sock);
extern bool pg_set_block(pgsocket sock);
 
/* Portable path handling for Unix/Win32 (in path.c) */
 
extern bool has_drive_prefix(const char *path);
extern char *first_dir_separator(const char *filename);
extern char *last_dir_separator(const char *filename);
extern char *first_path_var_separator(const char *pathlist);
extern void join_path_components(char *ret_path,
                                 const char *head, const char *tail);
extern void canonicalize_path(char *path);
extern void canonicalize_path_enc(char *path, int encoding);
extern void make_native_path(char *filename);
extern void cleanup_path(char *path);
extern bool path_contains_parent_reference(const char *path);
extern bool path_is_relative_and_below_cwd(const char *path);
extern bool path_is_safe_for_extraction(const char *path);
extern bool path_is_prefix_of_path(const char *path1, const char *path2);
extern char *make_absolute_path(const char *path);
extern const char *get_progname(const char *argv0);
extern void get_share_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_etc_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_include_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_pkginclude_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_includeserver_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_lib_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_pkglib_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_locale_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_doc_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_html_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern void get_man_path(const char *my_exec_path, char *ret_path);
extern bool get_home_path(char *ret_path);
extern void get_parent_directory(char *path);
 
/* common/pgfnames.c */
extern char **pgfnames(const char *path);
extern void pgfnames_cleanup(char **filenames);
 
#define IS_NONWINDOWS_DIR_SEP(ch)   ((ch) == '/')
#define is_nonwindows_absolute_path(filename) \
( \
    IS_NONWINDOWS_DIR_SEP((filename)[0]) \
)
 
#define IS_WINDOWS_DIR_SEP(ch)  ((ch) == '/' || (ch) == '\\')
/* See path_is_relative_and_below_cwd() for how we handle 'E:abc'. */
#define is_windows_absolute_path(filename) \
( \
    IS_WINDOWS_DIR_SEP((filename)[0]) || \
    (isalpha((unsigned char) ((filename)[0])) && (filename)[1] == ':' && \
     IS_WINDOWS_DIR_SEP((filename)[2])) \
)
 
/*
 *  is_absolute_path and IS_DIR_SEP
 *
 *  By using macros here we avoid needing to include path.c in libpq.
 */
#ifndef WIN32
#define IS_DIR_SEP(ch) IS_NONWINDOWS_DIR_SEP(ch)
#define is_absolute_path(filename) is_nonwindows_absolute_path(filename)
#else
#define IS_DIR_SEP(ch) IS_WINDOWS_DIR_SEP(ch)
#define is_absolute_path(filename) is_windows_absolute_path(filename)
#endif
 
/*
 * This macro provides a centralized list of all errnos that identify
 * hard failure of a previously-established network connection.
 * The macro is intended to be used in a switch statement, in the form
 * "case ALL_CONNECTION_FAILURE_ERRNOS:".
 *
 * Note: this groups EPIPE and ECONNRESET, which we take to indicate a
 * probable server crash, with other errors that indicate loss of network
 * connectivity without proving much about the server's state.  Places that
 * are actually reporting errors typically single out EPIPE and ECONNRESET,
 * while allowing the network failures to be reported generically.
 */
#define ALL_CONNECTION_FAILURE_ERRNOS \
    EPIPE: \
    case ECONNRESET: \
    case ECONNABORTED: \
    case EHOSTDOWN: \
    case EHOSTUNREACH: \
    case ENETDOWN: \
    case ENETRESET: \
    case ENETUNREACH: \
    case ETIMEDOUT
 
/* Portable locale initialization (in exec.c) */
extern void set_pglocale_pgservice(const char *argv0, const char *app);
 
/* Portable way to find and execute binaries (in exec.c) */
extern int  validate_exec(const char *path);
extern int  find_my_exec(const char *argv0, char *retpath);
extern int  find_other_exec(const char *argv0, const char *target,
                            const char *versionstr, char *retpath);
extern char *pipe_read_line(char *cmd);
 
/* Doesn't belong here, but this is used with find_other_exec(), so... */
#define PG_BACKEND_VERSIONSTR "postgres (PostgreSQL) " PG_VERSION "\n"
 
#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
/* Disable ASLR before exec, for developer builds only (in exec.c) */
extern int  pg_disable_aslr(void);
#endif
 
 
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
#define EXE ".exe"
#else
#define EXE ""
#endif
 
#if defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
#define DEVNULL "nul"
#else
#define DEVNULL "/dev/null"
#endif
 
/* Portable delay handling */
extern void pg_usleep(long microsec);
 
/* Portable SQL-like case-independent comparisons and conversions */
extern int  pg_strcasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2);
extern int  pg_strncasecmp(const char *s1, const char *s2, size_t n);
extern unsigned char pg_toupper(unsigned char ch);
extern unsigned char pg_tolower(unsigned char ch);
 
/*
 * Fold a character to upper case, following C/POSIX locale rules.
 */
static inline unsigned char
pg_ascii_toupper(unsigned char ch)
{
    if (ch >= 'a' && ch <= 'z')
        ch += 'A' - 'a';
    return ch;
}
 
/*
 * Fold a character to lower case, following C/POSIX locale rules.
 */
static inline unsigned char
pg_ascii_tolower(unsigned char ch)
{
    if (ch >= 'A' && ch <= 'Z')
        ch += 'a' - 'A';
    return ch;
}
 
 
/*
 * Beginning in v12, we always replace snprintf() and friends with our own
 * implementation.  This symbol is no longer consulted by the core code,
 * but keep it defined anyway in case any extensions are looking at it.
 */
#define USE_REPL_SNPRINTF 1
 
/*
 * Versions of libintl >= 0.13 try to replace printf() and friends with
 * macros to their own versions that understand the %$ format.  We do the
 * same, so disable their macros, if they exist.
 */
#ifdef vsnprintf
#undef vsnprintf
#endif
#ifdef snprintf
#undef snprintf
#endif
#ifdef vsprintf
#undef vsprintf
#endif
#ifdef sprintf
#undef sprintf
#endif
#ifdef vfprintf
#undef vfprintf
#endif
#ifdef fprintf
#undef fprintf
#endif
#ifdef vprintf
#undef vprintf
#endif
#ifdef printf
#undef printf
#endif
 
extern int  pg_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t count, const char *fmt, va_list args) pg_attribute_printf(3, 0);
extern int  pg_snprintf(char *str, size_t count, const char *fmt, ...) pg_attribute_printf(3, 4);
extern int  pg_vsprintf(char *str, const char *fmt, va_list args) pg_attribute_printf(2, 0);
extern int  pg_sprintf(char *str, const char *fmt, ...) pg_attribute_printf(2, 3);
extern int  pg_vfprintf(FILE *stream, const char *fmt, va_list args) pg_attribute_printf(2, 0);
extern int  pg_fprintf(FILE *stream, const char *fmt, ...) pg_attribute_printf(2, 3);
extern int  pg_vprintf(const char *fmt, va_list args) pg_attribute_printf(1, 0);
extern int  pg_printf(const char *fmt, ...) pg_attribute_printf(1, 2);
 
#ifndef WIN32
/*
 * We add a pg_ prefix as a warning that the Windows implementations have the
 * non-standard side-effect of changing the current file position.
 */
#define pg_pread pread
#define pg_pwrite pwrite
#endif
 
/*
 * We use __VA_ARGS__ for printf to prevent replacing references to
 * the "printf" format archetype in format() attribute declarations.
 * That unfortunately means that taking a function pointer to printf
 * will not do what we'd wish.  (If you need to do that, you must name
 * pg_printf explicitly.)  For printf's sibling functions, use
 * parameterless macros so that function pointers will work unsurprisingly.
 */
#define vsnprintf       pg_vsnprintf
#define snprintf        pg_snprintf
#define vsprintf        pg_vsprintf
#define sprintf         pg_sprintf
#define vfprintf        pg_vfprintf
#define fprintf         pg_fprintf
#define vprintf         pg_vprintf
#define printf(...)     pg_printf(__VA_ARGS__)
 
/* This is also provided by snprintf.c */
extern int  pg_strfromd(char *str, size_t count, int precision, double value);
 
/* Replace strerror() with our own, somewhat more robust wrapper */
extern char *pg_strerror(int errnum);
#define strerror pg_strerror
 
/* Likewise for strerror_r(); note we prefer the GNU API for that */
extern char *pg_strerror_r(int errnum, char *buf, size_t buflen);
#define strerror_r pg_strerror_r
#define PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN 256    /* Recommended buffer size for strerror_r */
 
/* Wrap strsignal(), or provide our own version if necessary */
extern const char *pg_strsignal(int signum);
 
extern int  pclose_check(FILE *stream);
 
/* Global variable holding time zone information. */
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
#define TIMEZONE_GLOBAL _timezone
#define TZNAME_GLOBAL _tzname
#else
#define TIMEZONE_GLOBAL timezone
#define TZNAME_GLOBAL tzname
#endif
 
#if defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__)
/*
 *  Win32 doesn't have reliable rename/unlink during concurrent access.
 */
extern int  pgrename(const char *from, const char *to);
extern int  pgunlink(const char *path);
 
/* Include this first so later includes don't see these defines */
#ifdef _MSC_VER
#include <io.h>
#endif
 
#define rename(from, to)        pgrename(from, to)
#define unlink(path)            pgunlink(path)
#endif                          /* defined(WIN32) || defined(__CYGWIN__) */
 
/*
 *  Win32 also doesn't have symlinks, but we can emulate them with
 *  junction points on newer Win32 versions.
 *
 *  Cygwin has its own symlinks which work on Win95/98/ME where
 *  junction points don't, so use those instead.  We have no way of
 *  knowing what type of system Cygwin binaries will be run on.
 *      Note: Some CYGWIN includes might #define WIN32.
 */
#if defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
extern int  pgsymlink(const char *oldpath, const char *newpath);
extern int  pgreadlink(const char *path, char *buf, size_t size);
 
#define symlink(oldpath, newpath)   pgsymlink(oldpath, newpath)
#define readlink(path, buf, size)   pgreadlink(path, buf, size)
#endif
 
extern bool rmtree(const char *path, bool rmtopdir);
 
#if defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
 
/*
 * We want the 64-bit variant of lseek().
 *
 * For Visual Studio, this must be after <io.h> to avoid messing up its
 * lseek() and _lseeki64() function declarations.
 *
 * For MinGW there is already a macro, so we have to undefine it (depending on
 * _FILE_OFFSET_BITS, it may point at its own lseek64, but we don't want to
 * count on that being set).
 */
#undef lseek
#define lseek(a,b,c) _lseeki64((a),(b),(c))
 
/*
 * We want the 64-bit variant of chsize().  It sets errno and also returns it,
 * so convert non-zero result to -1 to match POSIX.
 *
 * Prevent MinGW from declaring functions, and undefine its macro before we
 * define our own.
 */
#ifndef _MSC_VER
#define FTRUNCATE_DEFINED
#include <unistd.h>
#undef ftruncate
#endif
#define ftruncate(a,b) (_chsize_s((a),(b)) == 0 ? 0 : -1)
 
/*
 * open() and fopen() replacements to allow deletion of open files and
 * passing of other special options.
 */
extern HANDLE pgwin32_open_handle(const char *, int, bool);
extern int  pgwin32_open(const char *, int, ...);
extern FILE *pgwin32_fopen(const char *, const char *);
#define     open(a,b,c) pgwin32_open(a,b,c)
#define     fopen(a,b) pgwin32_fopen(a,b)
 
/*
 * Mingw-w64 headers #define popen and pclose to _popen and _pclose.  We want
 * to use our popen wrapper, rather than plain _popen, so override that.  For
 * consistency, use our version of pclose, too.
 */
#ifdef popen
#undef popen
#endif
#ifdef pclose
#undef pclose
#endif
 
/*
 * system() and popen() replacements to enclose the command in an extra
 * pair of quotes.
 */
extern int  pgwin32_system(const char *command);
extern FILE *pgwin32_popen(const char *command, const char *type);
 
#define system(a) pgwin32_system(a)
#define popen(a,b) pgwin32_popen(a,b)
#define pclose(a) _pclose(a)
 
#else                           /* !WIN32 */
 
/*
 *  Win32 requires a special close for sockets and pipes, while on Unix
 *  close() does them all.
 */
#define closesocket close
#endif                          /* WIN32 */
 
/*
 * On Windows, setvbuf() does not support _IOLBF mode, and interprets that
 * as _IOFBF.  To add insult to injury, setvbuf(file, NULL, _IOFBF, 0)
 * crashes outright if "parameter validation" is enabled.  Therefore, in
 * places where we'd like to select line-buffered mode, we fall back to
 * unbuffered mode instead on Windows.  Always use PG_IOLBF not _IOLBF
 * directly in order to implement this behavior.
 */
#ifndef WIN32
#define PG_IOLBF    _IOLBF
#else
#define PG_IOLBF    _IONBF
#endif
 
/*
 * Default "extern" declarations or macro substitutes for library routines.
 * When necessary, these routines are provided by files in src/port/.
 */
 
/* Type to use with fseeko/ftello */
#ifndef WIN32                   /* WIN32 is handled in port/win32_port.h */
typedef off_t pgoff_t;
#endif
 
#ifndef HAVE_GETPEEREID
/* On Windows, Perl might have incompatible definitions of uid_t and gid_t. */
#ifndef PLPERL_HAVE_UID_GID
extern int  getpeereid(int sock, uid_t *uid, gid_t *gid);
#endif
#endif
 
/*
 * Glibc doesn't use the builtin for clang due to a *gcc* bug in a version
 * newer than the gcc compatibility clang claims to have. This would cause a
 * *lot* of superfluous function calls, therefore revert when using clang. In
 * C++ there's issues with libc++ (not libstdc++), so disable as well.
 */
#if defined(__clang__) && !defined(__cplusplus)
/* needs to be separate to not confuse other compilers */
#if __has_builtin(__builtin_isinf)
/* need to include before, to avoid getting overwritten */
#include <math.h>
#undef isinf
#define isinf __builtin_isinf
#endif                          /* __has_builtin(isinf) */
#endif                          /* __clang__ && !__cplusplus */
 
#ifndef HAVE_EXPLICIT_BZERO
extern void explicit_bzero(void *buf, size_t len);
#endif
 
#ifdef HAVE_BUGGY_STRTOF
extern float pg_strtof(const char *nptr, char **endptr);
#define strtof(a,b) (pg_strtof((a),(b)))
#endif
 
#ifdef WIN32
/* src/port/win32link.c */
extern int  link(const char *src, const char *dst);
#endif
 
#ifndef HAVE_MKDTEMP
extern char *mkdtemp(char *path);
#endif
 
#ifndef HAVE_INET_ATON
#include <netinet/in.h>
#include <arpa/inet.h>
extern int  inet_aton(const char *cp, struct in_addr *addr);
#endif
 
#if !HAVE_DECL_STRLCAT
extern size_t strlcat(char *dst, const char *src, size_t siz);
#endif
 
#if !HAVE_DECL_STRLCPY
extern size_t strlcpy(char *dst, const char *src, size_t siz);
#endif
 
#if !HAVE_DECL_STRSEP
extern char *strsep(char **stringp, const char *delim);
#endif
 
#if !HAVE_DECL_TIMINGSAFE_BCMP
extern int  timingsafe_bcmp(const void *b1, const void *b2, size_t n);
#endif
 
/*
 * Callers should use the qsort() macro defined below instead of calling
 * pg_qsort() directly.
 */
extern void pg_qsort(void *base, size_t nel, size_t elsize,
                     int (*cmp) (const void *, const void *));
extern int  pg_qsort_strcmp(const void *a, const void *b);
 
#define qsort(a,b,c,d) pg_qsort(a,b,c,d)
 
typedef int (*qsort_arg_comparator) (const void *a, const void *b, void *arg);
 
extern void qsort_arg(void *base, size_t nel, size_t elsize,
                      qsort_arg_comparator cmp, void *arg);
 
extern void qsort_interruptible(void *base, size_t nel, size_t elsize,
                                qsort_arg_comparator cmp, void *arg);
 
extern void *bsearch_arg(const void *key, const void *base0,
                         size_t nmemb, size_t size,
                         int (*compar) (const void *, const void *, void *),
                         void *arg);
 
/* port/pg_localeconv_r.c */
extern int  pg_localeconv_r(const char *lc_monetary,
                            const char *lc_numeric,
                            struct lconv *output);
extern void pg_localeconv_free(struct lconv *lconv);
 
/* port/chklocale.c */
extern int  pg_get_encoding_from_locale(const char *ctype, bool write_message);
 
#if defined(WIN32) && !defined(FRONTEND)
extern int  pg_codepage_to_encoding(UINT cp);
#endif
 
/* port/inet_net_ntop.c */
extern char *pg_inet_net_ntop(int af, const void *src, int bits,
                              char *dst, size_t size);
 
/* port/pg_strong_random.c */
extern void pg_strong_random_init(void);
extern bool pg_strong_random(void *buf, size_t len);
 
/*
 * pg_backend_random used to be a wrapper for pg_strong_random before
 * Postgres 12 for the backend code.
 */
#define pg_backend_random pg_strong_random
 
/* port/pgcheckdir.c */
extern int  pg_check_dir(const char *dir);
 
/* port/pgmkdirp.c */
extern int  pg_mkdir_p(char *path, int omode);
 
/* port/pqsignal.c (see also interfaces/libpq/legacy-pqsignal.c) */
#ifdef FRONTEND
#define pqsignal pqsignal_fe
#else
#define pqsignal pqsignal_be
#endif
 
#define PG_SIG_DFL (pqsigfunc) (pg_funcptr_t) SIG_DFL
#define PG_SIG_IGN (pqsigfunc) (pg_funcptr_t) SIG_IGN
typedef void (*pqsigfunc) (SIGNAL_ARGS);
extern void pqsignal(int signo, pqsigfunc func);
 
/* port/quotes.c */
extern char *escape_single_quotes_ascii(const char *src);
 
/* common/wait_error.c */
extern char *wait_result_to_str(int exitstatus);
extern bool wait_result_is_signal(int exit_status, int signum);
extern bool wait_result_is_any_signal(int exit_status, bool include_command_not_found);
extern int  wait_result_to_exit_code(int exit_status);
 
/*
 * Interfaces that we assume all Unix system have.  We retain individual macros
 * for better documentation.
 *
 * For symlink-related functions, there is often no need to test these macros,
 * because we provided basic support on Windows that can work with absolute
 * paths to directories.  Code that wants to test for complete symlink support
 * (including relative paths and non-directories) should be conditional on
 * HAVE_READLINK or HAVE_SYMLINK.
 */
#ifndef WIN32
#define HAVE_GETRLIMIT 1
#define HAVE_POLL 1
#define HAVE_POLL_H 1
#define HAVE_READLINK 1
#define HAVE_SETSID 1
#define HAVE_SHM_OPEN 1
#define HAVE_SYMLINK 1
#endif
 
#endif                          /* PG_PORT_H */