PostgreSQL Source Code  git master
pg_ctl.c
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1 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2  *
3  * pg_ctl --- start/stops/restarts the PostgreSQL server
4  *
5  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2020, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
6  *
7  * src/bin/pg_ctl/pg_ctl.c
8  *
9  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
10  */
11 
12 #include "postgres_fe.h"
13 
14 #include <fcntl.h>
15 #include <signal.h>
16 #include <time.h>
17 #include <sys/stat.h>
18 #include <sys/wait.h>
19 #include <unistd.h>
20 
21 #ifdef HAVE_SYS_RESOURCE_H
22 #include <sys/time.h>
23 #include <sys/resource.h>
24 #endif
25 
26 #include "catalog/pg_control.h"
27 #include "common/controldata_utils.h"
28 #include "common/file_perm.h"
29 #include "common/logging.h"
30 #include "common/string.h"
31 #include "getopt_long.h"
32 #include "utils/pidfile.h"
33 
34 #ifdef WIN32 /* on Unix, we don't need libpq */
35 #include "pqexpbuffer.h"
36 #endif
37 
38 /* PID can be negative for standalone backend */
39 typedef long pgpid_t;
40 
41 
42 typedef enum
43 {
44  SMART_MODE,
45  FAST_MODE,
46  IMMEDIATE_MODE
47 } ShutdownMode;
48 
49 typedef enum
50 {
51  POSTMASTER_READY,
52  POSTMASTER_STILL_STARTING,
53  POSTMASTER_FAILED
54 } WaitPMResult;
55 
56 typedef enum
57 {
58  NO_COMMAND = 0,
59  INIT_COMMAND,
60  START_COMMAND,
61  STOP_COMMAND,
62  RESTART_COMMAND,
63  RELOAD_COMMAND,
64  STATUS_COMMAND,
65  PROMOTE_COMMAND,
66  LOGROTATE_COMMAND,
67  KILL_COMMAND,
68  REGISTER_COMMAND,
69  UNREGISTER_COMMAND,
70  RUN_AS_SERVICE_COMMAND
71 } CtlCommand;
72 
73 #define DEFAULT_WAIT 60
74 
75 #define USEC_PER_SEC 1000000
76 
77 #define WAITS_PER_SEC 10 /* should divide USEC_PER_SEC evenly */
78 
79 static bool do_wait = true;
80 static int wait_seconds = DEFAULT_WAIT;
81 static bool wait_seconds_arg = false;
82 static bool silent_mode = false;
83 static ShutdownMode shutdown_mode = FAST_MODE;
84 static int sig = SIGINT; /* default */
85 static CtlCommand ctl_command = NO_COMMAND;
86 static char *pg_data = NULL;
87 static char *pg_config = NULL;
88 static char *pgdata_opt = NULL;
89 static char *post_opts = NULL;
90 static const char *progname;
91 static char *log_file = NULL;
92 static char *exec_path = NULL;
93 static char *event_source = NULL;
94 static char *register_servicename = "PostgreSQL"; /* FIXME: + version ID? */
95 static char *register_username = NULL;
96 static char *register_password = NULL;
97 static char *argv0 = NULL;
98 static bool allow_core_files = false;
99 static time_t start_time;
100 
101 static char postopts_file[MAXPGPATH];
102 static char version_file[MAXPGPATH];
103 static char pid_file[MAXPGPATH];
104 static char backup_file[MAXPGPATH];
105 static char promote_file[MAXPGPATH];
106 static char logrotate_file[MAXPGPATH];
107 
108 static volatile pgpid_t postmasterPID = -1;
109 
110 #ifdef WIN32
111 static DWORD pgctl_start_type = SERVICE_AUTO_START;
112 static SERVICE_STATUS status;
113 static SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE hStatus = (SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE) 0;
114 static HANDLE shutdownHandles[2];
115 
116 #define shutdownEvent shutdownHandles[0]
117 #define postmasterProcess shutdownHandles[1]
118 #endif
119 
120 
121 static void write_stderr(const char *fmt,...) pg_attribute_printf(1, 2);
122 static void do_advice(void);
123 static void do_help(void);
124 static void set_mode(char *modeopt);
125 static void set_sig(char *signame);
126 static void do_init(void);
127 static void do_start(void);
128 static void do_stop(void);
129 static void do_restart(void);
130 static void do_reload(void);
131 static void do_status(void);
132 static void do_promote(void);
133 static void do_logrotate(void);
134 static void do_kill(pgpid_t pid);
135 static void print_msg(const char *msg);
136 static void adjust_data_dir(void);
137 
138 #ifdef WIN32
139 #include <versionhelpers.h>
140 static bool pgwin32_IsInstalled(SC_HANDLE);
141 static char *pgwin32_CommandLine(bool);
142 static void pgwin32_doRegister(void);
143 static void pgwin32_doUnregister(void);
144 static void pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(DWORD);
145 static void WINAPI pgwin32_ServiceHandler(DWORD);
146 static void WINAPI pgwin32_ServiceMain(DWORD, LPTSTR *);
147 static void pgwin32_doRunAsService(void);
148 static int CreateRestrictedProcess(char *cmd, PROCESS_INFORMATION *processInfo, bool as_service);
149 static PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES GetPrivilegesToDelete(HANDLE hToken);
150 #endif
151 
152 static pgpid_t get_pgpid(bool is_status_request);
153 static char **readfile(const char *path, int *numlines);
154 static void free_readfile(char **optlines);
155 static pgpid_t start_postmaster(void);
156 static void read_post_opts(void);
157 
158 static WaitPMResult wait_for_postmaster(pgpid_t pm_pid, bool do_checkpoint);
159 static bool postmaster_is_alive(pid_t pid);
160 
161 #if defined(HAVE_GETRLIMIT) && defined(RLIMIT_CORE)
162 static void unlimit_core_size(void);
163 #endif
164 
165 static DBState get_control_dbstate(void);
166 
167 
168 #ifdef WIN32
169 static void
170 write_eventlog(int level, const char *line)
171 {
172  static HANDLE evtHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
173 
174  if (silent_mode && level == EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE)
175  return;
176 
177  if (evtHandle == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
178  {
179  evtHandle = RegisterEventSource(NULL,
180  event_source ? event_source : DEFAULT_EVENT_SOURCE);
181  if (evtHandle == NULL)
182  {
183  evtHandle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
184  return;
185  }
186  }
187 
188  ReportEvent(evtHandle,
189  level,
190  0,
191  0, /* All events are Id 0 */
192  NULL,
193  1,
194  0,
195  &line,
196  NULL);
197 }
198 #endif
199 
200 /*
201  * Write errors to stderr (or by equal means when stderr is
202  * not available).
203  */
204 static void
205 write_stderr(const char *fmt,...)
206 {
207  va_list ap;
208 
209  va_start(ap, fmt);
210 #ifndef WIN32
211  /* On Unix, we just fprintf to stderr */
212  vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
213 #else
214 
215  /*
216  * On Win32, we print to stderr if running on a console, or write to
217  * eventlog if running as a service
218  */
219  if (pgwin32_is_service()) /* Running as a service */
220  {
221  char errbuf[2048]; /* Arbitrary size? */
222 
223  vsnprintf(errbuf, sizeof(errbuf), fmt, ap);
224 
225  write_eventlog(EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE, errbuf);
226  }
227  else
228  /* Not running as service, write to stderr */
229  vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
230 #endif
231  va_end(ap);
232 }
233 
234 /*
235  * Given an already-localized string, print it to stdout unless the
236  * user has specified that no messages should be printed.
237  */
238 static void
239 print_msg(const char *msg)
240 {
241  if (!silent_mode)
242  {
243  fputs(msg, stdout);
244  fflush(stdout);
245  }
246 }
247 
248 static pgpid_t
249 get_pgpid(bool is_status_request)
250 {
251  FILE *pidf;
252  long pid;
253  struct stat statbuf;
254 
255  if (stat(pg_data, &statbuf) != 0)
256  {
257  if (errno == ENOENT)
258  write_stderr(_("%s: directory \"%s\" does not exist\n"), progname,
259  pg_data);
260  else
261  write_stderr(_("%s: could not access directory \"%s\": %s\n"), progname,
262  pg_data, strerror(errno));
263 
264  /*
265  * The Linux Standard Base Core Specification 3.1 says this should
266  * return '4, program or service status is unknown'
267  * https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_3.1.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/iniscrptact.html
268  */
269  exit(is_status_request ? 4 : 1);
270  }
271 
272  if (stat(version_file, &statbuf) != 0 && errno == ENOENT)
273  {
274  write_stderr(_("%s: directory \"%s\" is not a database cluster directory\n"),
275  progname, pg_data);
276  exit(is_status_request ? 4 : 1);
277  }
278 
279  pidf = fopen(pid_file, "r");
280  if (pidf == NULL)
281  {
282  /* No pid file, not an error on startup */
283  if (errno == ENOENT)
284  return 0;
285  else
286  {
287  write_stderr(_("%s: could not open PID file \"%s\": %s\n"),
288  progname, pid_file, strerror(errno));
289  exit(1);
290  }
291  }
292  if (fscanf(pidf, "%ld", &pid) != 1)
293  {
294  /* Is the file empty? */
295  if (ftell(pidf) == 0 && feof(pidf))
296  write_stderr(_("%s: the PID file \"%s\" is empty\n"),
297  progname, pid_file);
298  else
299  write_stderr(_("%s: invalid data in PID file \"%s\"\n"),
300  progname, pid_file);
301  exit(1);
302  }
303  fclose(pidf);
304  return (pgpid_t) pid;
305 }
306 
307 
308 /*
309  * get the lines from a text file - return NULL if file can't be opened
310  *
311  * Trailing newlines are deleted from the lines (this is a change from pre-v10)
312  *
313  * *numlines is set to the number of line pointers returned; there is
314  * also an additional NULL pointer after the last real line.
315  */
316 static char **
317 readfile(const char *path, int *numlines)
318 {
319  int fd;
320  int nlines;
321  char **result;
322  char *buffer;
323  char *linebegin;
324  int i;
325  int n;
326  int len;
327  struct stat statbuf;
328 
329  *numlines = 0; /* in case of failure or empty file */
330 
331  /*
332  * Slurp the file into memory.
333  *
334  * The file can change concurrently, so we read the whole file into memory
335  * with a single read() call. That's not guaranteed to get an atomic
336  * snapshot, but in practice, for a small file, it's close enough for the
337  * current use.
338  */
339  fd = open(path, O_RDONLY | PG_BINARY, 0);
340  if (fd < 0)
341  return NULL;
342  if (fstat(fd, &statbuf) < 0)
343  {
344  close(fd);
345  return NULL;
346  }
347  if (statbuf.st_size == 0)
348  {
349  /* empty file */
350  close(fd);
351  result = (char **) pg_malloc(sizeof(char *));
352  *result = NULL;
353  return result;
354  }
355  buffer = pg_malloc(statbuf.st_size + 1);
356 
357  len = read(fd, buffer, statbuf.st_size + 1);
358  close(fd);
359  if (len != statbuf.st_size)
360  {
361  /* oops, the file size changed between fstat and read */
362  free(buffer);
363  return NULL;
364  }
365 
366  /*
367  * Count newlines. We expect there to be a newline after each full line,
368  * including one at the end of file. If there isn't a newline at the end,
369  * any characters after the last newline will be ignored.
370  */
371  nlines = 0;
372  for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
373  {
374  if (buffer[i] == '\n')
375  nlines++;
376  }
377 
378  /* set up the result buffer */
379  result = (char **) pg_malloc((nlines + 1) * sizeof(char *));
380  *numlines = nlines;
381 
382  /* now split the buffer into lines */
383  linebegin = buffer;
384  n = 0;
385  for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
386  {
387  if (buffer[i] == '\n')
388  {
389  int slen = &buffer[i] - linebegin;
390  char *linebuf = pg_malloc(slen + 1);
391 
392  memcpy(linebuf, linebegin, slen);
393  /* we already dropped the \n, but get rid of any \r too */
394  if (slen > 0 && linebuf[slen - 1] == '\r')
395  slen--;
396  linebuf[slen] = '\0';
397  result[n++] = linebuf;
398  linebegin = &buffer[i + 1];
399  }
400  }
401  result[n] = NULL;
402 
403  free(buffer);
404 
405  return result;
406 }
407 
408 
409 /*
410  * Free memory allocated for optlines through readfile()
411  */
412 static void
413 free_readfile(char **optlines)
414 {
415  char *curr_line = NULL;
416  int i = 0;
417 
418  if (!optlines)
419  return;
420 
421  while ((curr_line = optlines[i++]))
422  free(curr_line);
423 
424  free(optlines);
425 }
426 
427 /*
428  * start/test/stop routines
429  */
430 
431 /*
432  * Start the postmaster and return its PID.
433  *
434  * Currently, on Windows what we return is the PID of the shell process
435  * that launched the postmaster (and, we trust, is waiting for it to exit).
436  * So the PID is usable for "is the postmaster still running" checks,
437  * but cannot be compared directly to postmaster.pid.
438  *
439  * On Windows, we also save aside a handle to the shell process in
440  * "postmasterProcess", which the caller should close when done with it.
441  */
442 static pgpid_t
443 start_postmaster(void)
444 {
445  char cmd[MAXPGPATH];
446 
447 #ifndef WIN32
448  pgpid_t pm_pid;
449 
450  /* Flush stdio channels just before fork, to avoid double-output problems */
451  fflush(stdout);
452  fflush(stderr);
453 
454  pm_pid = fork();
455  if (pm_pid < 0)
456  {
457  /* fork failed */
458  write_stderr(_("%s: could not start server: %s\n"),
459  progname, strerror(errno));
460  exit(1);
461  }
462  if (pm_pid > 0)
463  {
464  /* fork succeeded, in parent */
465  return pm_pid;
466  }
467 
468  /* fork succeeded, in child */
469 
470  /*
471  * If possible, detach the postmaster process from the launching process
472  * group and make it a group leader, so that it doesn't get signaled along
473  * with the current group that launched it.
474  */
475 #ifdef HAVE_SETSID
476  if (setsid() < 0)
477  {
478  write_stderr(_("%s: could not start server due to setsid() failure: %s\n"),
479  progname, strerror(errno));
480  exit(1);
481  }
482 #endif
483 
484  /*
485  * Since there might be quotes to handle here, it is easier simply to pass
486  * everything to a shell to process them. Use exec so that the postmaster
487  * has the same PID as the current child process.
488  */
489  if (log_file != NULL)
490  snprintf(cmd, MAXPGPATH, "exec \"%s\" %s%s < \"%s\" >> \"%s\" 2>&1",
491  exec_path, pgdata_opt, post_opts,
492  DEVNULL, log_file);
493  else
494  snprintf(cmd, MAXPGPATH, "exec \"%s\" %s%s < \"%s\" 2>&1",
495  exec_path, pgdata_opt, post_opts, DEVNULL);
496 
497  (void) execl("/bin/sh", "/bin/sh", "-c", cmd, (char *) NULL);
498 
499  /* exec failed */
500  write_stderr(_("%s: could not start server: %s\n"),
501  progname, strerror(errno));
502  exit(1);
503 
504  return 0; /* keep dumb compilers quiet */
505 
506 #else /* WIN32 */
507 
508  /*
509  * As with the Unix case, it's easiest to use the shell (CMD.EXE) to
510  * handle redirection etc. Unfortunately CMD.EXE lacks any equivalent of
511  * "exec", so we don't get to find out the postmaster's PID immediately.
512  */
513  PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
514  const char *comspec;
515 
516  /* Find CMD.EXE location using COMSPEC, if it's set */
517  comspec = getenv("COMSPEC");
518  if (comspec == NULL)
519  comspec = "CMD";
520 
521  if (log_file != NULL)
522  {
523  /*
524  * First, open the log file if it exists. The idea is that if the
525  * file is still locked by a previous postmaster run, we'll wait until
526  * it comes free, instead of failing with ERROR_SHARING_VIOLATION.
527  * (It'd be better to open the file in a sharing-friendly mode, but we
528  * can't use CMD.EXE to do that, so work around it. Note that the
529  * previous postmaster will still have the file open for a short time
530  * after removing postmaster.pid.)
531  *
532  * If the log file doesn't exist, we *must not* create it here. If we
533  * were launched with higher privileges than the restricted process
534  * will have, the log file might end up with permissions settings that
535  * prevent the postmaster from writing on it.
536  */
537  int fd = open(log_file, O_RDWR, 0);
538 
539  if (fd == -1)
540  {
541  /*
542  * ENOENT is expectable since we didn't use O_CREAT. Otherwise
543  * complain. We could just fall through and let CMD.EXE report
544  * the problem, but its error reporting is pretty miserable.
545  */
546  if (errno != ENOENT)
547  {
548  write_stderr(_("%s: could not open log file \"%s\": %s\n"),
549  progname, log_file, strerror(errno));
550  exit(1);
551  }
552  }
553  else
554  close(fd);
555 
556  snprintf(cmd, MAXPGPATH, "\"%s\" /C \"\"%s\" %s%s < \"%s\" >> \"%s\" 2>&1\"",
557  comspec, exec_path, pgdata_opt, post_opts, DEVNULL, log_file);
558  }
559  else
560  snprintf(cmd, MAXPGPATH, "\"%s\" /C \"\"%s\" %s%s < \"%s\" 2>&1\"",
561  comspec, exec_path, pgdata_opt, post_opts, DEVNULL);
562 
563  if (!CreateRestrictedProcess(cmd, &pi, false))
564  {
565  write_stderr(_("%s: could not start server: error code %lu\n"),
566  progname, (unsigned long) GetLastError());
567  exit(1);
568  }
569  /* Don't close command process handle here; caller must do so */
570  postmasterProcess = pi.hProcess;
571  CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
572  return pi.dwProcessId; /* Shell's PID, not postmaster's! */
573 #endif /* WIN32 */
574 }
575 
576 
577 
578 /*
579  * Wait for the postmaster to become ready.
580  *
581  * On Unix, pm_pid is the PID of the just-launched postmaster. On Windows,
582  * it may be the PID of an ancestor shell process, so we can't check the
583  * contents of postmaster.pid quite as carefully.
584  *
585  * On Windows, the static variable postmasterProcess is an implicit argument
586  * to this routine; it contains a handle to the postmaster process or an
587  * ancestor shell process thereof.
588  *
589  * Note that the checkpoint parameter enables a Windows service control
590  * manager checkpoint, it's got nothing to do with database checkpoints!!
591  */
592 static WaitPMResult
593 wait_for_postmaster(pgpid_t pm_pid, bool do_checkpoint)
594 {
595  int i;
596 
597  for (i = 0; i < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; i++)
598  {
599  char **optlines;
600  int numlines;
601 
602  /*
603  * Try to read the postmaster.pid file. If it's not valid, or if the
604  * status line isn't there yet, just keep waiting.
605  */
606  if ((optlines = readfile(pid_file, &numlines)) != NULL &&
607  numlines >= LOCK_FILE_LINE_PM_STATUS)
608  {
609  /* File is complete enough for us, parse it */
610  pgpid_t pmpid;
611  time_t pmstart;
612 
613  /*
614  * Make sanity checks. If it's for the wrong PID, or the recorded
615  * start time is before pg_ctl started, then either we are looking
616  * at the wrong data directory, or this is a pre-existing pidfile
617  * that hasn't (yet?) been overwritten by our child postmaster.
618  * Allow 2 seconds slop for possible cross-process clock skew.
619  */
620  pmpid = atol(optlines[LOCK_FILE_LINE_PID - 1]);
621  pmstart = atol(optlines[LOCK_FILE_LINE_START_TIME - 1]);
622  if (pmstart >= start_time - 2 &&
623 #ifndef WIN32
624  pmpid == pm_pid
625 #else
626  /* Windows can only reject standalone-backend PIDs */
627  pmpid > 0
628 #endif
629  )
630  {
631  /*
632  * OK, seems to be a valid pidfile from our child. Check the
633  * status line (this assumes a v10 or later server).
634  */
635  char *pmstatus = optlines[LOCK_FILE_LINE_PM_STATUS - 1];
636 
637  if (strcmp(pmstatus, PM_STATUS_READY) == 0 ||
638  strcmp(pmstatus, PM_STATUS_STANDBY) == 0)
639  {
640  /* postmaster is done starting up */
641  free_readfile(optlines);
642  return POSTMASTER_READY;
643  }
644  }
645  }
646 
647  /*
648  * Free the results of readfile.
649  *
650  * This is safe to call even if optlines is NULL.
651  */
652  free_readfile(optlines);
653 
654  /*
655  * Check whether the child postmaster process is still alive. This
656  * lets us exit early if the postmaster fails during startup.
657  *
658  * On Windows, we may be checking the postmaster's parent shell, but
659  * that's fine for this purpose.
660  */
661 #ifndef WIN32
662  {
663  int exitstatus;
664 
665  if (waitpid((pid_t) pm_pid, &exitstatus, WNOHANG) == (pid_t) pm_pid)
666  return POSTMASTER_FAILED;
667  }
668 #else
669  if (WaitForSingleObject(postmasterProcess, 0) == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
670  return POSTMASTER_FAILED;
671 #endif
672 
673  /* Startup still in process; wait, printing a dot once per second */
674  if (i % WAITS_PER_SEC == 0)
675  {
676 #ifdef WIN32
677  if (do_checkpoint)
678  {
679  /*
680  * Increment the wait hint by 6 secs (connection timeout +
681  * sleep). We must do this to indicate to the SCM that our
682  * startup time is changing, otherwise it'll usually send a
683  * stop signal after 20 seconds, despite incrementing the
684  * checkpoint counter.
685  */
686  status.dwWaitHint += 6000;
687  status.dwCheckPoint++;
688  SetServiceStatus(hStatus, (LPSERVICE_STATUS) &status);
689  }
690  else
691 #endif
692  print_msg(".");
693  }
694 
695  pg_usleep(USEC_PER_SEC / WAITS_PER_SEC);
696  }
697 
698  /* out of patience; report that postmaster is still starting up */
699  return POSTMASTER_STILL_STARTING;
700 }
701 
702 
703 #if defined(HAVE_GETRLIMIT) && defined(RLIMIT_CORE)
704 static void
705 unlimit_core_size(void)
706 {
707  struct rlimit lim;
708 
709  getrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &lim);
710  if (lim.rlim_max == 0)
711  {
712  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot set core file size limit; disallowed by hard limit\n"),
713  progname);
714  return;
715  }
716  else if (lim.rlim_max == RLIM_INFINITY || lim.rlim_cur < lim.rlim_max)
717  {
718  lim.rlim_cur = lim.rlim_max;
719  setrlimit(RLIMIT_CORE, &lim);
720  }
721 }
722 #endif
723 
724 static void
725 read_post_opts(void)
726 {
727  if (post_opts == NULL)
728  {
729  post_opts = ""; /* default */
730  if (ctl_command == RESTART_COMMAND)
731  {
732  char **optlines;
733  int numlines;
734 
735  optlines = readfile(postopts_file, &numlines);
736  if (optlines == NULL)
737  {
738  write_stderr(_("%s: could not read file \"%s\"\n"), progname, postopts_file);
739  exit(1);
740  }
741  else if (numlines != 1)
742  {
743  write_stderr(_("%s: option file \"%s\" must have exactly one line\n"),
744  progname, postopts_file);
745  exit(1);
746  }
747  else
748  {
749  char *optline;
750  char *arg1;
751 
752  optline = optlines[0];
753 
754  /*
755  * Are we at the first option, as defined by space and
756  * double-quote?
757  */
758  if ((arg1 = strstr(optline, " \"")) != NULL)
759  {
760  *arg1 = '\0'; /* terminate so we get only program name */
761  post_opts = pg_strdup(arg1 + 1); /* point past whitespace */
762  }
763  if (exec_path == NULL)
764  exec_path = pg_strdup(optline);
765  }
766 
767  /* Free the results of readfile. */
768  free_readfile(optlines);
769  }
770  }
771 }
772 
773 /*
774  * SIGINT signal handler used while waiting for postmaster to start up.
775  * Forwards the SIGINT to the postmaster process, asking it to shut down,
776  * before terminating pg_ctl itself. This way, if the user hits CTRL-C while
777  * waiting for the server to start up, the server launch is aborted.
778  */
779 static void
780 trap_sigint_during_startup(int sig)
781 {
782  if (postmasterPID != -1)
783  {
784  if (kill(postmasterPID, SIGINT) != 0)
785  write_stderr(_("%s: could not send stop signal (PID: %ld): %s\n"),
786  progname, (pgpid_t) postmasterPID, strerror(errno));
787  }
788 
789  /*
790  * Clear the signal handler, and send the signal again, to terminate the
791  * process as normal.
792  */
793  pqsignal(SIGINT, SIG_DFL);
794  raise(SIGINT);
795 }
796 
797 static char *
798 find_other_exec_or_die(const char *argv0, const char *target, const char *versionstr)
799 {
800  int ret;
801  char *found_path;
802 
803  found_path = pg_malloc(MAXPGPATH);
804 
805  if ((ret = find_other_exec(argv0, target, versionstr, found_path)) < 0)
806  {
807  char full_path[MAXPGPATH];
808 
809  if (find_my_exec(argv0, full_path) < 0)
810  strlcpy(full_path, progname, sizeof(full_path));
811 
812  if (ret == -1)
813  write_stderr(_("The program \"%s\" is needed by %s but was not found in the\n"
814  "same directory as \"%s\".\n"
815  "Check your installation.\n"),
816  target, progname, full_path);
817  else
818  write_stderr(_("The program \"%s\" was found by \"%s\"\n"
819  "but was not the same version as %s.\n"
820  "Check your installation.\n"),
821  target, full_path, progname);
822  exit(1);
823  }
824 
825  return found_path;
826 }
827 
828 static void
829 do_init(void)
830 {
831  char cmd[MAXPGPATH];
832 
833  if (exec_path == NULL)
834  exec_path = find_other_exec_or_die(argv0, "initdb", "initdb (PostgreSQL) " PG_VERSION "\n");
835 
836  if (pgdata_opt == NULL)
837  pgdata_opt = "";
838 
839  if (post_opts == NULL)
840  post_opts = "";
841 
842  if (!silent_mode)
843  snprintf(cmd, MAXPGPATH, "\"%s\" %s%s",
844  exec_path, pgdata_opt, post_opts);
845  else
846  snprintf(cmd, MAXPGPATH, "\"%s\" %s%s > \"%s\"",
847  exec_path, pgdata_opt, post_opts, DEVNULL);
848 
849  if (system(cmd) != 0)
850  {
851  write_stderr(_("%s: database system initialization failed\n"), progname);
852  exit(1);
853  }
854 }
855 
856 static void
857 do_start(void)
858 {
859  pgpid_t old_pid = 0;
860  pgpid_t pm_pid;
861 
862  if (ctl_command != RESTART_COMMAND)
863  {
864  old_pid = get_pgpid(false);
865  if (old_pid != 0)
866  write_stderr(_("%s: another server might be running; "
867  "trying to start server anyway\n"),
868  progname);
869  }
870 
871  read_post_opts();
872 
873  /* No -D or -D already added during server start */
874  if (ctl_command == RESTART_COMMAND || pgdata_opt == NULL)
875  pgdata_opt = "";
876 
877  if (exec_path == NULL)
878  exec_path = find_other_exec_or_die(argv0, "postgres", PG_BACKEND_VERSIONSTR);
879 
880 #if defined(HAVE_GETRLIMIT) && defined(RLIMIT_CORE)
881  if (allow_core_files)
882  unlimit_core_size();
883 #endif
884 
885  /*
886  * If possible, tell the postmaster our parent shell's PID (see the
887  * comments in CreateLockFile() for motivation). Windows hasn't got
888  * getppid() unfortunately.
889  */
890 #ifndef WIN32
891  {
892  static char env_var[32];
893 
894  snprintf(env_var, sizeof(env_var), "PG_GRANDPARENT_PID=%d",
895  (int) getppid());
896  putenv(env_var);
897  }
898 #endif
899 
900  pm_pid = start_postmaster();
901 
902  if (do_wait)
903  {
904  /*
905  * If the user interrupts the startup (e.g. with CTRL-C), we'd like to
906  * abort the server launch. Install a signal handler that will
907  * forward SIGINT to the postmaster process, while we wait.
908  *
909  * (We don't bother to reset the signal handler after the launch, as
910  * we're about to exit, anyway.)
911  */
912  postmasterPID = pm_pid;
913  pqsignal(SIGINT, trap_sigint_during_startup);
914 
915  print_msg(_("waiting for server to start..."));
916 
917  switch (wait_for_postmaster(pm_pid, false))
918  {
919  case POSTMASTER_READY:
920  print_msg(_(" done\n"));
921  print_msg(_("server started\n"));
922  break;
923  case POSTMASTER_STILL_STARTING:
924  print_msg(_(" stopped waiting\n"));
925  write_stderr(_("%s: server did not start in time\n"),
926  progname);
927  exit(1);
928  break;
929  case POSTMASTER_FAILED:
930  print_msg(_(" stopped waiting\n"));
931  write_stderr(_("%s: could not start server\n"
932  "Examine the log output.\n"),
933  progname);
934  exit(1);
935  break;
936  }
937  }
938  else
939  print_msg(_("server starting\n"));
940 
941 #ifdef WIN32
942  /* Now we don't need the handle to the shell process anymore */
943  CloseHandle(postmasterProcess);
944  postmasterProcess = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
945 #endif
946 }
947 
948 
949 static void
950 do_stop(void)
951 {
952  int cnt;
953  pgpid_t pid;
954  struct stat statbuf;
955 
956  pid = get_pgpid(false);
957 
958  if (pid == 0) /* no pid file */
959  {
960  write_stderr(_("%s: PID file \"%s\" does not exist\n"), progname, pid_file);
961  write_stderr(_("Is server running?\n"));
962  exit(1);
963  }
964  else if (pid < 0) /* standalone backend, not postmaster */
965  {
966  pid = -pid;
967  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot stop server; "
968  "single-user server is running (PID: %ld)\n"),
969  progname, pid);
970  exit(1);
971  }
972 
973  if (kill((pid_t) pid, sig) != 0)
974  {
975  write_stderr(_("%s: could not send stop signal (PID: %ld): %s\n"), progname, pid,
976  strerror(errno));
977  exit(1);
978  }
979 
980  if (!do_wait)
981  {
982  print_msg(_("server shutting down\n"));
983  return;
984  }
985  else
986  {
987  /*
988  * If backup_label exists, an online backup is running. Warn the user
989  * that smart shutdown will wait for it to finish. However, if the
990  * server is in archive recovery, we're recovering from an online
991  * backup instead of performing one.
992  */
993  if (shutdown_mode == SMART_MODE &&
994  stat(backup_file, &statbuf) == 0 &&
995  get_control_dbstate() != DB_IN_ARCHIVE_RECOVERY)
996  {
997  print_msg(_("WARNING: online backup mode is active\n"
998  "Shutdown will not complete until pg_stop_backup() is called.\n\n"));
999  }
1000 
1001  print_msg(_("waiting for server to shut down..."));
1002 
1003  for (cnt = 0; cnt < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; cnt++)
1004  {
1005  if ((pid = get_pgpid(false)) != 0)
1006  {
1007  if (cnt % WAITS_PER_SEC == 0)
1008  print_msg(".");
1009  pg_usleep(USEC_PER_SEC / WAITS_PER_SEC);
1010  }
1011  else
1012  break;
1013  }
1014 
1015  if (pid != 0) /* pid file still exists */
1016  {
1017  print_msg(_(" failed\n"));
1018 
1019  write_stderr(_("%s: server does not shut down\n"), progname);
1020  if (shutdown_mode == SMART_MODE)
1021  write_stderr(_("HINT: The \"-m fast\" option immediately disconnects sessions rather than\n"
1022  "waiting for session-initiated disconnection.\n"));
1023  exit(1);
1024  }
1025  print_msg(_(" done\n"));
1026 
1027  print_msg(_("server stopped\n"));
1028  }
1029 }
1030 
1031 
1032 /*
1033  * restart/reload routines
1034  */
1035 
1036 static void
1037 do_restart(void)
1038 {
1039  int cnt;
1040  pgpid_t pid;
1041  struct stat statbuf;
1042 
1043  pid = get_pgpid(false);
1044 
1045  if (pid == 0) /* no pid file */
1046  {
1047  write_stderr(_("%s: PID file \"%s\" does not exist\n"),
1048  progname, pid_file);
1049  write_stderr(_("Is server running?\n"));
1050  write_stderr(_("trying to start server anyway\n"));
1051  do_start();
1052  return;
1053  }
1054  else if (pid < 0) /* standalone backend, not postmaster */
1055  {
1056  pid = -pid;
1057  if (postmaster_is_alive((pid_t) pid))
1058  {
1059  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot restart server; "
1060  "single-user server is running (PID: %ld)\n"),
1061  progname, pid);
1062  write_stderr(_("Please terminate the single-user server and try again.\n"));
1063  exit(1);
1064  }
1065  }
1066 
1067  if (postmaster_is_alive((pid_t) pid))
1068  {
1069  if (kill((pid_t) pid, sig) != 0)
1070  {
1071  write_stderr(_("%s: could not send stop signal (PID: %ld): %s\n"), progname, pid,
1072  strerror(errno));
1073  exit(1);
1074  }
1075 
1076  /*
1077  * If backup_label exists, an online backup is running. Warn the user
1078  * that smart shutdown will wait for it to finish. However, if the
1079  * server is in archive recovery, we're recovering from an online
1080  * backup instead of performing one.
1081  */
1082  if (shutdown_mode == SMART_MODE &&
1083  stat(backup_file, &statbuf) == 0 &&
1084  get_control_dbstate() != DB_IN_ARCHIVE_RECOVERY)
1085  {
1086  print_msg(_("WARNING: online backup mode is active\n"
1087  "Shutdown will not complete until pg_stop_backup() is called.\n\n"));
1088  }
1089 
1090  print_msg(_("waiting for server to shut down..."));
1091 
1092  /* always wait for restart */
1093 
1094  for (cnt = 0; cnt < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; cnt++)
1095  {
1096  if ((pid = get_pgpid(false)) != 0)
1097  {
1098  if (cnt % WAITS_PER_SEC == 0)
1099  print_msg(".");
1100  pg_usleep(USEC_PER_SEC / WAITS_PER_SEC);
1101  }
1102  else
1103  break;
1104  }
1105 
1106  if (pid != 0) /* pid file still exists */
1107  {
1108  print_msg(_(" failed\n"));
1109 
1110  write_stderr(_("%s: server does not shut down\n"), progname);
1111  if (shutdown_mode == SMART_MODE)
1112  write_stderr(_("HINT: The \"-m fast\" option immediately disconnects sessions rather than\n"
1113  "waiting for session-initiated disconnection.\n"));
1114  exit(1);
1115  }
1116 
1117  print_msg(_(" done\n"));
1118  print_msg(_("server stopped\n"));
1119  }
1120  else
1121  {
1122  write_stderr(_("%s: old server process (PID: %ld) seems to be gone\n"),
1123  progname, pid);
1124  write_stderr(_("starting server anyway\n"));
1125  }
1126 
1127  do_start();
1128 }
1129 
1130 static void
1131 do_reload(void)
1132 {
1133  pgpid_t pid;
1134 
1135  pid = get_pgpid(false);
1136  if (pid == 0) /* no pid file */
1137  {
1138  write_stderr(_("%s: PID file \"%s\" does not exist\n"), progname, pid_file);
1139  write_stderr(_("Is server running?\n"));
1140  exit(1);
1141  }
1142  else if (pid < 0) /* standalone backend, not postmaster */
1143  {
1144  pid = -pid;
1145  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot reload server; "
1146  "single-user server is running (PID: %ld)\n"),
1147  progname, pid);
1148  write_stderr(_("Please terminate the single-user server and try again.\n"));
1149  exit(1);
1150  }
1151 
1152  if (kill((pid_t) pid, sig) != 0)
1153  {
1154  write_stderr(_("%s: could not send reload signal (PID: %ld): %s\n"),
1155  progname, pid, strerror(errno));
1156  exit(1);
1157  }
1158 
1159  print_msg(_("server signaled\n"));
1160 }
1161 
1162 
1163 /*
1164  * promote
1165  */
1166 
1167 static void
1168 do_promote(void)
1169 {
1170  FILE *prmfile;
1171  pgpid_t pid;
1172 
1173  pid = get_pgpid(false);
1174 
1175  if (pid == 0) /* no pid file */
1176  {
1177  write_stderr(_("%s: PID file \"%s\" does not exist\n"), progname, pid_file);
1178  write_stderr(_("Is server running?\n"));
1179  exit(1);
1180  }
1181  else if (pid < 0) /* standalone backend, not postmaster */
1182  {
1183  pid = -pid;
1184  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot promote server; "
1185  "single-user server is running (PID: %ld)\n"),
1186  progname, pid);
1187  exit(1);
1188  }
1189 
1190  if (get_control_dbstate() != DB_IN_ARCHIVE_RECOVERY)
1191  {
1192  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot promote server; "
1193  "server is not in standby mode\n"),
1194  progname);
1195  exit(1);
1196  }
1197 
1198  /*
1199  * For 9.3 onwards, "fast" promotion is performed. Promotion with a full
1200  * checkpoint is still possible by writing a file called
1201  * "fallback_promote" instead of "promote"
1202  */
1203  snprintf(promote_file, MAXPGPATH, "%s/promote", pg_data);
1204 
1205  if ((prmfile = fopen(promote_file, "w")) == NULL)
1206  {
1207  write_stderr(_("%s: could not create promote signal file \"%s\": %s\n"),
1208  progname, promote_file, strerror(errno));
1209  exit(1);
1210  }
1211  if (fclose(prmfile))
1212  {
1213  write_stderr(_("%s: could not write promote signal file \"%s\": %s\n"),
1214  progname, promote_file, strerror(errno));
1215  exit(1);
1216  }
1217 
1218  sig = SIGUSR1;
1219  if (kill((pid_t) pid, sig) != 0)
1220  {
1221  write_stderr(_("%s: could not send promote signal (PID: %ld): %s\n"),
1222  progname, pid, strerror(errno));
1223  if (unlink(promote_file) != 0)
1224  write_stderr(_("%s: could not remove promote signal file \"%s\": %s\n"),
1225  progname, promote_file, strerror(errno));
1226  exit(1);
1227  }
1228 
1229  if (do_wait)
1230  {
1231  DBState state = DB_STARTUP;
1232  int cnt;
1233 
1234  print_msg(_("waiting for server to promote..."));
1235  for (cnt = 0; cnt < wait_seconds * WAITS_PER_SEC; cnt++)
1236  {
1237  state = get_control_dbstate();
1238  if (state == DB_IN_PRODUCTION)
1239  break;
1240 
1241  if (cnt % WAITS_PER_SEC == 0)
1242  print_msg(".");
1243  pg_usleep(USEC_PER_SEC / WAITS_PER_SEC);
1244  }
1245  if (state == DB_IN_PRODUCTION)
1246  {
1247  print_msg(_(" done\n"));
1248  print_msg(_("server promoted\n"));
1249  }
1250  else
1251  {
1252  print_msg(_(" stopped waiting\n"));
1253  write_stderr(_("%s: server did not promote in time\n"),
1254  progname);
1255  exit(1);
1256  }
1257  }
1258  else
1259  print_msg(_("server promoting\n"));
1260 }
1261 
1262 /*
1263  * log rotate
1264  */
1265 
1266 static void
1267 do_logrotate(void)
1268 {
1269  FILE *logrotatefile;
1270  pgpid_t pid;
1271 
1272  pid = get_pgpid(false);
1273 
1274  if (pid == 0) /* no pid file */
1275  {
1276  write_stderr(_("%s: PID file \"%s\" does not exist\n"), progname, pid_file);
1277  write_stderr(_("Is server running?\n"));
1278  exit(1);
1279  }
1280  else if (pid < 0) /* standalone backend, not postmaster */
1281  {
1282  pid = -pid;
1283  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot rotate log file; "
1284  "single-user server is running (PID: %ld)\n"),
1285  progname, pid);
1286  exit(1);
1287  }
1288 
1289  snprintf(logrotate_file, MAXPGPATH, "%s/logrotate", pg_data);
1290 
1291  if ((logrotatefile = fopen(logrotate_file, "w")) == NULL)
1292  {
1293  write_stderr(_("%s: could not create log rotation signal file \"%s\": %s\n"),
1294  progname, logrotate_file, strerror(errno));
1295  exit(1);
1296  }
1297  if (fclose(logrotatefile))
1298  {
1299  write_stderr(_("%s: could not write log rotation signal file \"%s\": %s\n"),
1300  progname, logrotate_file, strerror(errno));
1301  exit(1);
1302  }
1303 
1304  sig = SIGUSR1;
1305  if (kill((pid_t) pid, sig) != 0)
1306  {
1307  write_stderr(_("%s: could not send log rotation signal (PID: %ld): %s\n"),
1308  progname, pid, strerror(errno));
1309  if (unlink(logrotate_file) != 0)
1310  write_stderr(_("%s: could not remove log rotation signal file \"%s\": %s\n"),
1311  progname, logrotate_file, strerror(errno));
1312  exit(1);
1313  }
1314 
1315  print_msg(_("server signaled to rotate log file\n"));
1316 }
1317 
1318 
1319 /*
1320  * utility routines
1321  */
1322 
1323 static bool
1324 postmaster_is_alive(pid_t pid)
1325 {
1326  /*
1327  * Test to see if the process is still there. Note that we do not
1328  * consider an EPERM failure to mean that the process is still there;
1329  * EPERM must mean that the given PID belongs to some other userid, and
1330  * considering the permissions on $PGDATA, that means it's not the
1331  * postmaster we are after.
1332  *
1333  * Don't believe that our own PID or parent shell's PID is the postmaster,
1334  * either. (Windows hasn't got getppid(), though.)
1335  */
1336  if (pid == getpid())
1337  return false;
1338 #ifndef WIN32
1339  if (pid == getppid())
1340  return false;
1341 #endif
1342  if (kill(pid, 0) == 0)
1343  return true;
1344  return false;
1345 }
1346 
1347 static void
1348 do_status(void)
1349 {
1350  pgpid_t pid;
1351 
1352  pid = get_pgpid(true);
1353  /* Is there a pid file? */
1354  if (pid != 0)
1355  {
1356  /* standalone backend? */
1357  if (pid < 0)
1358  {
1359  pid = -pid;
1360  if (postmaster_is_alive((pid_t) pid))
1361  {
1362  printf(_("%s: single-user server is running (PID: %ld)\n"),
1363  progname, pid);
1364  return;
1365  }
1366  }
1367  else
1368  /* must be a postmaster */
1369  {
1370  if (postmaster_is_alive((pid_t) pid))
1371  {
1372  char **optlines;
1373  char **curr_line;
1374  int numlines;
1375 
1376  printf(_("%s: server is running (PID: %ld)\n"),
1377  progname, pid);
1378 
1379  optlines = readfile(postopts_file, &numlines);
1380  if (optlines != NULL)
1381  {
1382  for (curr_line = optlines; *curr_line != NULL; curr_line++)
1383  puts(*curr_line);
1384 
1385  /* Free the results of readfile */
1386  free_readfile(optlines);
1387  }
1388  return;
1389  }
1390  }
1391  }
1392  printf(_("%s: no server running\n"), progname);
1393 
1394  /*
1395  * The Linux Standard Base Core Specification 3.1 says this should return
1396  * '3, program is not running'
1397  * https://refspecs.linuxbase.org/LSB_3.1.0/LSB-Core-generic/LSB-Core-generic/iniscrptact.html
1398  */
1399  exit(3);
1400 }
1401 
1402 
1403 
1404 static void
1405 do_kill(pgpid_t pid)
1406 {
1407  if (kill((pid_t) pid, sig) != 0)
1408  {
1409  write_stderr(_("%s: could not send signal %d (PID: %ld): %s\n"),
1410  progname, sig, pid, strerror(errno));
1411  exit(1);
1412  }
1413 }
1414 
1415 #ifdef WIN32
1416 
1417 static bool
1418 pgwin32_IsInstalled(SC_HANDLE hSCM)
1419 {
1420  SC_HANDLE hService = OpenService(hSCM, register_servicename, SERVICE_QUERY_CONFIG);
1421  bool bResult = (hService != NULL);
1422 
1423  if (bResult)
1424  CloseServiceHandle(hService);
1425  return bResult;
1426 }
1427 
1428 static char *
1429 pgwin32_CommandLine(bool registration)
1430 {
1431  PQExpBuffer cmdLine = createPQExpBuffer();
1432  char cmdPath[MAXPGPATH];
1433  int ret;
1434 
1435  if (registration)
1436  {
1437  ret = find_my_exec(argv0, cmdPath);
1438  if (ret != 0)
1439  {
1440  write_stderr(_("%s: could not find own program executable\n"), progname);
1441  exit(1);
1442  }
1443  }
1444  else
1445  {
1446  ret = find_other_exec(argv0, "postgres", PG_BACKEND_VERSIONSTR,
1447  cmdPath);
1448  if (ret != 0)
1449  {
1450  write_stderr(_("%s: could not find postgres program executable\n"), progname);
1451  exit(1);
1452  }
1453  }
1454 
1455  /* if path does not end in .exe, append it */
1456  if (strlen(cmdPath) < 4 ||
1457  pg_strcasecmp(cmdPath + strlen(cmdPath) - 4, ".exe") != 0)
1458  snprintf(cmdPath + strlen(cmdPath), sizeof(cmdPath) - strlen(cmdPath),
1459  ".exe");
1460 
1461  /* use backslashes in path to avoid problems with some third-party tools */
1462  make_native_path(cmdPath);
1463 
1464  /* be sure to double-quote the executable's name in the command */
1465  appendPQExpBuffer(cmdLine, "\"%s\"", cmdPath);
1466 
1467  /* append assorted switches to the command line, as needed */
1468 
1469  if (registration)
1470  appendPQExpBuffer(cmdLine, " runservice -N \"%s\"",
1471  register_servicename);
1472 
1473  if (pg_config)
1474  {
1475  /* We need the -D path to be absolute */
1476  char *dataDir;
1477 
1478  if ((dataDir = make_absolute_path(pg_config)) == NULL)
1479  {
1480  /* make_absolute_path already reported the error */
1481  exit(1);
1482  }
1483  make_native_path(dataDir);
1484  appendPQExpBuffer(cmdLine, " -D \"%s\"", dataDir);
1485  free(dataDir);
1486  }
1487 
1488  if (registration && event_source != NULL)
1489  appendPQExpBuffer(cmdLine, " -e \"%s\"", event_source);
1490 
1491  if (registration && do_wait)
1492  appendPQExpBufferStr(cmdLine, " -w");
1493 
1494  /* Don't propagate a value from an environment variable. */
1495  if (registration && wait_seconds_arg && wait_seconds != DEFAULT_WAIT)
1496  appendPQExpBuffer(cmdLine, " -t %d", wait_seconds);
1497 
1498  if (registration && silent_mode)
1499  appendPQExpBufferStr(cmdLine, " -s");
1500 
1501  if (post_opts)
1502  {
1503  if (registration)
1504  appendPQExpBuffer(cmdLine, " -o \"%s\"", post_opts);
1505  else
1506  appendPQExpBuffer(cmdLine, " %s", post_opts);
1507  }
1508 
1509  return cmdLine->data;
1510 }
1511 
1512 static void
1513 pgwin32_doRegister(void)
1514 {
1515  SC_HANDLE hService;
1516  SC_HANDLE hSCM = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);
1517 
1518  if (hSCM == NULL)
1519  {
1520  write_stderr(_("%s: could not open service manager\n"), progname);
1521  exit(1);
1522  }
1523  if (pgwin32_IsInstalled(hSCM))
1524  {
1525  CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
1526  write_stderr(_("%s: service \"%s\" already registered\n"), progname, register_servicename);
1527  exit(1);
1528  }
1529 
1530  if ((hService = CreateService(hSCM, register_servicename, register_servicename,
1531  SERVICE_ALL_ACCESS, SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS,
1532  pgctl_start_type, SERVICE_ERROR_NORMAL,
1533  pgwin32_CommandLine(true),
1534  NULL, NULL, "RPCSS\0", register_username, register_password)) == NULL)
1535  {
1536  CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
1537  write_stderr(_("%s: could not register service \"%s\": error code %lu\n"),
1538  progname, register_servicename,
1539  (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1540  exit(1);
1541  }
1542  CloseServiceHandle(hService);
1543  CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
1544 }
1545 
1546 static void
1547 pgwin32_doUnregister(void)
1548 {
1549  SC_HANDLE hService;
1550  SC_HANDLE hSCM = OpenSCManager(NULL, NULL, SC_MANAGER_ALL_ACCESS);
1551 
1552  if (hSCM == NULL)
1553  {
1554  write_stderr(_("%s: could not open service manager\n"), progname);
1555  exit(1);
1556  }
1557  if (!pgwin32_IsInstalled(hSCM))
1558  {
1559  CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
1560  write_stderr(_("%s: service \"%s\" not registered\n"), progname, register_servicename);
1561  exit(1);
1562  }
1563 
1564  if ((hService = OpenService(hSCM, register_servicename, DELETE)) == NULL)
1565  {
1566  CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
1567  write_stderr(_("%s: could not open service \"%s\": error code %lu\n"),
1568  progname, register_servicename,
1569  (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1570  exit(1);
1571  }
1572  if (!DeleteService(hService))
1573  {
1574  CloseServiceHandle(hService);
1575  CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
1576  write_stderr(_("%s: could not unregister service \"%s\": error code %lu\n"),
1577  progname, register_servicename,
1578  (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1579  exit(1);
1580  }
1581  CloseServiceHandle(hService);
1582  CloseServiceHandle(hSCM);
1583 }
1584 
1585 static void
1586 pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(DWORD currentState)
1587 {
1588  status.dwCurrentState = currentState;
1589  SetServiceStatus(hStatus, (LPSERVICE_STATUS) &status);
1590 }
1591 
1592 static void WINAPI
1593 pgwin32_ServiceHandler(DWORD request)
1594 {
1595  switch (request)
1596  {
1597  case SERVICE_CONTROL_STOP:
1598  case SERVICE_CONTROL_SHUTDOWN:
1599 
1600  /*
1601  * We only need a short wait hint here as it just needs to wait
1602  * for the next checkpoint. They occur every 5 seconds during
1603  * shutdown
1604  */
1605  status.dwWaitHint = 10000;
1606  pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING);
1607  SetEvent(shutdownEvent);
1608  return;
1609 
1610  case SERVICE_CONTROL_PAUSE:
1611  /* Win32 config reloading */
1612  status.dwWaitHint = 5000;
1613  kill(postmasterPID, SIGHUP);
1614  return;
1615 
1616  /* FIXME: These could be used to replace other signals etc */
1617  case SERVICE_CONTROL_CONTINUE:
1618  case SERVICE_CONTROL_INTERROGATE:
1619  default:
1620  break;
1621  }
1622 }
1623 
1624 static void WINAPI
1625 pgwin32_ServiceMain(DWORD argc, LPTSTR *argv)
1626 {
1627  PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
1628  DWORD ret;
1629 
1630  /* Initialize variables */
1631  status.dwWin32ExitCode = S_OK;
1632  status.dwCheckPoint = 0;
1633  status.dwWaitHint = 60000;
1634  status.dwServiceType = SERVICE_WIN32_OWN_PROCESS;
1635  status.dwControlsAccepted = SERVICE_ACCEPT_STOP | SERVICE_ACCEPT_SHUTDOWN | SERVICE_ACCEPT_PAUSE_CONTINUE;
1636  status.dwServiceSpecificExitCode = 0;
1637  status.dwCurrentState = SERVICE_START_PENDING;
1638 
1639  memset(&pi, 0, sizeof(pi));
1640 
1641  read_post_opts();
1642 
1643  /* Register the control request handler */
1644  if ((hStatus = RegisterServiceCtrlHandler(register_servicename, pgwin32_ServiceHandler)) == (SERVICE_STATUS_HANDLE) 0)
1645  return;
1646 
1647  if ((shutdownEvent = CreateEvent(NULL, true, false, NULL)) == NULL)
1648  return;
1649 
1650  /* Start the postmaster */
1651  pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_START_PENDING);
1652  if (!CreateRestrictedProcess(pgwin32_CommandLine(false), &pi, true))
1653  {
1654  pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED);
1655  return;
1656  }
1657  postmasterPID = pi.dwProcessId;
1658  postmasterProcess = pi.hProcess;
1659  CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
1660 
1661  if (do_wait)
1662  {
1663  write_eventlog(EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE, _("Waiting for server startup...\n"));
1664  if (wait_for_postmaster(postmasterPID, true) != POSTMASTER_READY)
1665  {
1666  write_eventlog(EVENTLOG_ERROR_TYPE, _("Timed out waiting for server startup\n"));
1667  pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED);
1668  return;
1669  }
1670  write_eventlog(EVENTLOG_INFORMATION_TYPE, _("Server started and accepting connections\n"));
1671  }
1672 
1673  pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_RUNNING);
1674 
1675  /* Wait for quit... */
1676  ret = WaitForMultipleObjects(2, shutdownHandles, FALSE, INFINITE);
1677 
1678  pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOP_PENDING);
1679  switch (ret)
1680  {
1681  case WAIT_OBJECT_0: /* shutdown event */
1682  {
1683  /*
1684  * status.dwCheckPoint can be incremented by
1685  * wait_for_postmaster(), so it might not start from 0.
1686  */
1687  int maxShutdownCheckPoint = status.dwCheckPoint + 12;
1688 
1689  kill(postmasterPID, SIGINT);
1690 
1691  /*
1692  * Increment the checkpoint and try again. Abort after 12
1693  * checkpoints as the postmaster has probably hung.
1694  */
1695  while (WaitForSingleObject(postmasterProcess, 5000) == WAIT_TIMEOUT && status.dwCheckPoint < maxShutdownCheckPoint)
1696  {
1697  status.dwCheckPoint++;
1698  SetServiceStatus(hStatus, (LPSERVICE_STATUS) &status);
1699  }
1700  break;
1701  }
1702 
1703  case (WAIT_OBJECT_0 + 1): /* postmaster went down */
1704  break;
1705 
1706  default:
1707  /* shouldn't get here? */
1708  break;
1709  }
1710 
1711  CloseHandle(shutdownEvent);
1712  CloseHandle(postmasterProcess);
1713 
1714  pgwin32_SetServiceStatus(SERVICE_STOPPED);
1715 }
1716 
1717 static void
1718 pgwin32_doRunAsService(void)
1719 {
1720  SERVICE_TABLE_ENTRY st[] = {{register_servicename, pgwin32_ServiceMain},
1721  {NULL, NULL}};
1722 
1723  if (StartServiceCtrlDispatcher(st) == 0)
1724  {
1725  write_stderr(_("%s: could not start service \"%s\": error code %lu\n"),
1726  progname, register_servicename,
1727  (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1728  exit(1);
1729  }
1730 }
1731 
1732 
1733 /*
1734  * Mingw headers are incomplete, and so are the libraries. So we have to load
1735  * a whole lot of API functions dynamically. Since we have to do this anyway,
1736  * also load the couple of functions that *do* exist in mingw headers but not
1737  * on NT4. That way, we don't break on NT4.
1738  */
1739 typedef BOOL (WINAPI * __CreateRestrictedToken) (HANDLE, DWORD, DWORD, PSID_AND_ATTRIBUTES, DWORD, PLUID_AND_ATTRIBUTES, DWORD, PSID_AND_ATTRIBUTES, PHANDLE);
1740 typedef BOOL (WINAPI * __IsProcessInJob) (HANDLE, HANDLE, PBOOL);
1741 typedef HANDLE (WINAPI * __CreateJobObject) (LPSECURITY_ATTRIBUTES, LPCTSTR);
1742 typedef BOOL (WINAPI * __SetInformationJobObject) (HANDLE, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS, LPVOID, DWORD);
1743 typedef BOOL (WINAPI * __AssignProcessToJobObject) (HANDLE, HANDLE);
1744 typedef BOOL (WINAPI * __QueryInformationJobObject) (HANDLE, JOBOBJECTINFOCLASS, LPVOID, DWORD, LPDWORD);
1745 
1746 /*
1747  * Create a restricted token, a job object sandbox, and execute the specified
1748  * process with it.
1749  *
1750  * Returns 0 on success, non-zero on failure, same as CreateProcess().
1751  *
1752  * On NT4, or any other system not containing the required functions, will
1753  * launch the process under the current token without doing any modifications.
1754  *
1755  * NOTE! Job object will only work when running as a service, because it's
1756  * automatically destroyed when pg_ctl exits.
1757  */
1758 static int
1759 CreateRestrictedProcess(char *cmd, PROCESS_INFORMATION *processInfo, bool as_service)
1760 {
1761  int r;
1762  BOOL b;
1763  STARTUPINFO si;
1764  HANDLE origToken;
1765  HANDLE restrictedToken;
1766  SID_IDENTIFIER_AUTHORITY NtAuthority = {SECURITY_NT_AUTHORITY};
1767  SID_AND_ATTRIBUTES dropSids[2];
1768  PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES delPrivs;
1769 
1770  /* Functions loaded dynamically */
1771  __CreateRestrictedToken _CreateRestrictedToken = NULL;
1772  __IsProcessInJob _IsProcessInJob = NULL;
1773  __CreateJobObject _CreateJobObject = NULL;
1774  __SetInformationJobObject _SetInformationJobObject = NULL;
1775  __AssignProcessToJobObject _AssignProcessToJobObject = NULL;
1776  __QueryInformationJobObject _QueryInformationJobObject = NULL;
1777  HANDLE Kernel32Handle;
1778  HANDLE Advapi32Handle;
1779 
1780  ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
1781  si.cb = sizeof(si);
1782 
1783  Advapi32Handle = LoadLibrary("ADVAPI32.DLL");
1784  if (Advapi32Handle != NULL)
1785  {
1786  _CreateRestrictedToken = (__CreateRestrictedToken) GetProcAddress(Advapi32Handle, "CreateRestrictedToken");
1787  }
1788 
1789  if (_CreateRestrictedToken == NULL)
1790  {
1791  /*
1792  * NT4 doesn't have CreateRestrictedToken, so just call ordinary
1793  * CreateProcess
1794  */
1795  write_stderr(_("%s: WARNING: cannot create restricted tokens on this platform\n"), progname);
1796  if (Advapi32Handle != NULL)
1797  FreeLibrary(Advapi32Handle);
1798  return CreateProcess(NULL, cmd, NULL, NULL, FALSE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, processInfo);
1799  }
1800 
1801  /* Open the current token to use as a base for the restricted one */
1802  if (!OpenProcessToken(GetCurrentProcess(), TOKEN_ALL_ACCESS, &origToken))
1803  {
1804  /*
1805  * Most Windows targets make DWORD a 32-bit unsigned long, but in case
1806  * it doesn't cast DWORD before printing.
1807  */
1808  write_stderr(_("%s: could not open process token: error code %lu\n"),
1809  progname, (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1810  return 0;
1811  }
1812 
1813  /* Allocate list of SIDs to remove */
1814  ZeroMemory(&dropSids, sizeof(dropSids));
1815  if (!AllocateAndInitializeSid(&NtAuthority, 2,
1816  SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID, DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_ADMINS, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1817  0, &dropSids[0].Sid) ||
1818  !AllocateAndInitializeSid(&NtAuthority, 2,
1819  SECURITY_BUILTIN_DOMAIN_RID, DOMAIN_ALIAS_RID_POWER_USERS, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,
1820  0, &dropSids[1].Sid))
1821  {
1822  write_stderr(_("%s: could not allocate SIDs: error code %lu\n"),
1823  progname, (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1824  return 0;
1825  }
1826 
1827  /* Get list of privileges to remove */
1828  delPrivs = GetPrivilegesToDelete(origToken);
1829  if (delPrivs == NULL)
1830  /* Error message already printed */
1831  return 0;
1832 
1833  b = _CreateRestrictedToken(origToken,
1834  0,
1835  sizeof(dropSids) / sizeof(dropSids[0]),
1836  dropSids,
1837  delPrivs->PrivilegeCount, delPrivs->Privileges,
1838  0, NULL,
1839  &restrictedToken);
1840 
1841  free(delPrivs);
1842  FreeSid(dropSids[1].Sid);
1843  FreeSid(dropSids[0].Sid);
1844  CloseHandle(origToken);
1845  FreeLibrary(Advapi32Handle);
1846 
1847  if (!b)
1848  {
1849  write_stderr(_("%s: could not create restricted token: error code %lu\n"),
1850  progname, (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1851  return 0;
1852  }
1853 
1854  AddUserToTokenDacl(restrictedToken);
1855  r = CreateProcessAsUser(restrictedToken, NULL, cmd, NULL, NULL, TRUE, CREATE_SUSPENDED, NULL, NULL, &si, processInfo);
1856 
1857  Kernel32Handle = LoadLibrary("KERNEL32.DLL");
1858  if (Kernel32Handle != NULL)
1859  {
1860  _IsProcessInJob = (__IsProcessInJob) GetProcAddress(Kernel32Handle, "IsProcessInJob");
1861  _CreateJobObject = (__CreateJobObject) GetProcAddress(Kernel32Handle, "CreateJobObjectA");
1862  _SetInformationJobObject = (__SetInformationJobObject) GetProcAddress(Kernel32Handle, "SetInformationJobObject");
1863  _AssignProcessToJobObject = (__AssignProcessToJobObject) GetProcAddress(Kernel32Handle, "AssignProcessToJobObject");
1864  _QueryInformationJobObject = (__QueryInformationJobObject) GetProcAddress(Kernel32Handle, "QueryInformationJobObject");
1865  }
1866 
1867  /* Verify that we found all functions */
1868  if (_IsProcessInJob == NULL || _CreateJobObject == NULL || _SetInformationJobObject == NULL || _AssignProcessToJobObject == NULL || _QueryInformationJobObject == NULL)
1869  {
1870  /*
1871  * IsProcessInJob() is not available on < WinXP, so there is no need
1872  * to log the error every time in that case
1873  */
1874  if (IsWindowsXPOrGreater())
1875 
1876  /*
1877  * Log error if we can't get version, or if we're on WinXP/2003 or
1878  * newer
1879  */
1880  write_stderr(_("%s: WARNING: could not locate all job object functions in system API\n"), progname);
1881  }
1882  else
1883  {
1884  BOOL inJob;
1885 
1886  if (_IsProcessInJob(processInfo->hProcess, NULL, &inJob))
1887  {
1888  if (!inJob)
1889  {
1890  /*
1891  * Job objects are working, and the new process isn't in one,
1892  * so we can create one safely. If any problems show up when
1893  * setting it, we're going to ignore them.
1894  */
1895  HANDLE job;
1896  char jobname[128];
1897 
1898  sprintf(jobname, "PostgreSQL_%lu",
1899  (unsigned long) processInfo->dwProcessId);
1900 
1901  job = _CreateJobObject(NULL, jobname);
1902  if (job)
1903  {
1904  JOBOBJECT_BASIC_LIMIT_INFORMATION basicLimit;
1905  JOBOBJECT_BASIC_UI_RESTRICTIONS uiRestrictions;
1906  JOBOBJECT_SECURITY_LIMIT_INFORMATION securityLimit;
1907 
1908  ZeroMemory(&basicLimit, sizeof(basicLimit));
1909  ZeroMemory(&uiRestrictions, sizeof(uiRestrictions));
1910  ZeroMemory(&securityLimit, sizeof(securityLimit));
1911 
1912  basicLimit.LimitFlags = JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_DIE_ON_UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION | JOB_OBJECT_LIMIT_PRIORITY_CLASS;
1913  basicLimit.PriorityClass = NORMAL_PRIORITY_CLASS;
1914  _SetInformationJobObject(job, JobObjectBasicLimitInformation, &basicLimit, sizeof(basicLimit));
1915 
1916  uiRestrictions.UIRestrictionsClass = JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_DESKTOP | JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_DISPLAYSETTINGS |
1917  JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_EXITWINDOWS | JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_READCLIPBOARD |
1918  JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_SYSTEMPARAMETERS | JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_WRITECLIPBOARD;
1919 
1920  if (as_service)
1921  {
1922  if (!IsWindows7OrGreater())
1923  {
1924  /*
1925  * On Windows 7 (and presumably later),
1926  * JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_HANDLES prevents us from
1927  * starting as a service. So we only enable it on
1928  * Vista and earlier (version <= 6.0)
1929  */
1930  uiRestrictions.UIRestrictionsClass |= JOB_OBJECT_UILIMIT_HANDLES;
1931  }
1932  }
1933  _SetInformationJobObject(job, JobObjectBasicUIRestrictions, &uiRestrictions, sizeof(uiRestrictions));
1934 
1935  securityLimit.SecurityLimitFlags = JOB_OBJECT_SECURITY_NO_ADMIN | JOB_OBJECT_SECURITY_ONLY_TOKEN;
1936  securityLimit.JobToken = restrictedToken;
1937  _SetInformationJobObject(job, JobObjectSecurityLimitInformation, &securityLimit, sizeof(securityLimit));
1938 
1939  _AssignProcessToJobObject(job, processInfo->hProcess);
1940  }
1941  }
1942  }
1943  }
1944 
1945 
1946  CloseHandle(restrictedToken);
1947 
1948  ResumeThread(processInfo->hThread);
1949 
1950  FreeLibrary(Kernel32Handle);
1951 
1952  /*
1953  * We intentionally don't close the job object handle, because we want the
1954  * object to live on until pg_ctl shuts down.
1955  */
1956  return r;
1957 }
1958 
1959 /*
1960  * Get a list of privileges to delete from the access token. We delete all privileges
1961  * except SeLockMemoryPrivilege which is needed to use large pages, and
1962  * SeChangeNotifyPrivilege which is enabled by default in DISABLE_MAX_PRIVILEGE.
1963  */
1964 static PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES
1965 GetPrivilegesToDelete(HANDLE hToken)
1966 {
1967  int i,
1968  j;
1969  DWORD length;
1970  PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES tokenPrivs;
1971  LUID luidLockPages;
1972  LUID luidChangeNotify;
1973 
1974  if (!LookupPrivilegeValue(NULL, SE_LOCK_MEMORY_NAME, &luidLockPages) ||
1975  !LookupPrivilegeValue(NULL, SE_CHANGE_NOTIFY_NAME, &luidChangeNotify))
1976  {
1977  write_stderr(_("%s: could not get LUIDs for privileges: error code %lu\n"),
1978  progname, (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1979  return NULL;
1980  }
1981 
1982  if (!GetTokenInformation(hToken, TokenPrivileges, NULL, 0, &length) &&
1983  GetLastError() != ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_BUFFER)
1984  {
1985  write_stderr(_("%s: could not get token information: error code %lu\n"),
1986  progname, (unsigned long) GetLastError());
1987  return NULL;
1988  }
1989 
1990  tokenPrivs = (PTOKEN_PRIVILEGES) pg_malloc_extended(length,
1991  MCXT_ALLOC_NO_OOM);
1992  if (tokenPrivs == NULL)
1993  {
1994  write_stderr(_("%s: out of memory\n"), progname);
1995  return NULL;
1996  }
1997 
1998  if (!GetTokenInformation(hToken, TokenPrivileges, tokenPrivs, length, &length))
1999  {
2000  write_stderr(_("%s: could not get token information: error code %lu\n"),
2001  progname, (unsigned long) GetLastError());
2002  free(tokenPrivs);
2003  return NULL;
2004  }
2005 
2006  for (i = 0; i < tokenPrivs->PrivilegeCount; i++)
2007  {
2008  if (memcmp(&tokenPrivs->Privileges[i].Luid, &luidLockPages, sizeof(LUID)) == 0 ||
2009  memcmp(&tokenPrivs->Privileges[i].Luid, &luidChangeNotify, sizeof(LUID)) == 0)
2010  {
2011  for (j = i; j < tokenPrivs->PrivilegeCount - 1; j++)
2012  tokenPrivs->Privileges[j] = tokenPrivs->Privileges[j + 1];
2013  tokenPrivs->PrivilegeCount--;
2014  }
2015  }
2016 
2017  return tokenPrivs;
2018 }
2019 #endif /* WIN32 */
2020 
2021 static void
2022 do_advice(void)
2023 {
2024  write_stderr(_("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"), progname);
2025 }
2026 
2027 
2028 
2029 static void
2030 do_help(void)
2031 {
2032  printf(_("%s is a utility to initialize, start, stop, or control a PostgreSQL server.\n\n"), progname);
2033  printf(_("Usage:\n"));
2034  printf(_(" %s init[db] [-D DATADIR] [-s] [-o OPTIONS]\n"), progname);
2035  printf(_(" %s start [-D DATADIR] [-l FILENAME] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]\n"
2036  " [-o OPTIONS] [-p PATH] [-c]\n"), progname);
2037  printf(_(" %s stop [-D DATADIR] [-m SHUTDOWN-MODE] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]\n"), progname);
2038  printf(_(" %s restart [-D DATADIR] [-m SHUTDOWN-MODE] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]\n"
2039  " [-o OPTIONS] [-c]\n"), progname);
2040  printf(_(" %s reload [-D DATADIR] [-s]\n"), progname);
2041  printf(_(" %s status [-D DATADIR]\n"), progname);
2042  printf(_(" %s promote [-D DATADIR] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s]\n"), progname);
2043  printf(_(" %s logrotate [-D DATADIR] [-s]\n"), progname);
2044  printf(_(" %s kill SIGNALNAME PID\n"), progname);
2045 #ifdef WIN32
2046  printf(_(" %s register [-D DATADIR] [-N SERVICENAME] [-U USERNAME] [-P PASSWORD]\n"
2047  " [-S START-TYPE] [-e SOURCE] [-W] [-t SECS] [-s] [-o OPTIONS]\n"), progname);
2048  printf(_(" %s unregister [-N SERVICENAME]\n"), progname);
2049 #endif
2050 
2051  printf(_("\nCommon options:\n"));
2052  printf(_(" -D, --pgdata=DATADIR location of the database storage area\n"));
2053 #ifdef WIN32
2054  printf(_(" -e SOURCE event source for logging when running as a service\n"));
2055 #endif
2056  printf(_(" -s, --silent only print errors, no informational messages\n"));
2057  printf(_(" -t, --timeout=SECS seconds to wait when using -w option\n"));
2058  printf(_(" -V, --version output version information, then exit\n"));
2059  printf(_(" -w, --wait wait until operation completes (default)\n"));
2060  printf(_(" -W, --no-wait do not wait until operation completes\n"));
2061  printf(_(" -?, --help show this help, then exit\n"));
2062  printf(_("If the -D option is omitted, the environment variable PGDATA is used.\n"));
2063 
2064  printf(_("\nOptions for start or restart:\n"));
2065 #if defined(HAVE_GETRLIMIT) && defined(RLIMIT_CORE)
2066  printf(_(" -c, --core-files allow postgres to produce core files\n"));
2067 #else
2068  printf(_(" -c, --core-files not applicable on this platform\n"));
2069 #endif
2070  printf(_(" -l, --log=FILENAME write (or append) server log to FILENAME\n"));
2071  printf(_(" -o, --options=OPTIONS command line options to pass to postgres\n"
2072  " (PostgreSQL server executable) or initdb\n"));
2073  printf(_(" -p PATH-TO-POSTGRES normally not necessary\n"));
2074  printf(_("\nOptions for stop or restart:\n"));
2075  printf(_(" -m, --mode=MODE MODE can be \"smart\", \"fast\", or \"immediate\"\n"));
2076 
2077  printf(_("\nShutdown modes are:\n"));
2078  printf(_(" smart quit after all clients have disconnected\n"));
2079  printf(_(" fast quit directly, with proper shutdown (default)\n"));
2080  printf(_(" immediate quit without complete shutdown; will lead to recovery on restart\n"));
2081 
2082  printf(_("\nAllowed signal names for kill:\n"));
2083  printf(" ABRT HUP INT KILL QUIT TERM USR1 USR2\n");
2084 
2085 #ifdef WIN32
2086  printf(_("\nOptions for register and unregister:\n"));
2087  printf(_(" -N SERVICENAME service name with which to register PostgreSQL server\n"));
2088  printf(_(" -P PASSWORD password of account to register PostgreSQL server\n"));
2089  printf(_(" -U USERNAME user name of account to register PostgreSQL server\n"));
2090  printf(_(" -S START-TYPE service start type to register PostgreSQL server\n"));
2091 
2092  printf(_("\nStart types are:\n"));
2093  printf(_(" auto start service automatically during system startup (default)\n"));
2094  printf(_(" demand start service on demand\n"));
2095 #endif
2096 
2097  printf(_("\nReport bugs to <%s>.\n"), PACKAGE_BUGREPORT);
2098  printf(_("%s home page: <%s>\n"), PACKAGE_NAME, PACKAGE_URL);
2099 }
2100 
2101 
2102 
2103 static void
2104 set_mode(char *modeopt)
2105 {
2106  if (strcmp(modeopt, "s") == 0 || strcmp(modeopt, "smart") == 0)
2107  {
2108  shutdown_mode = SMART_MODE;
2109  sig = SIGTERM;
2110  }
2111  else if (strcmp(modeopt, "f") == 0 || strcmp(modeopt, "fast") == 0)
2112  {
2113  shutdown_mode = FAST_MODE;
2114  sig = SIGINT;
2115  }
2116  else if (strcmp(modeopt, "i") == 0 || strcmp(modeopt, "immediate") == 0)
2117  {
2118  shutdown_mode = IMMEDIATE_MODE;
2119  sig = SIGQUIT;
2120  }
2121  else
2122  {
2123  write_stderr(_("%s: unrecognized shutdown mode \"%s\"\n"), progname, modeopt);
2124  do_advice();
2125  exit(1);
2126  }
2127 }
2128 
2129 
2130 
2131 static void
2132 set_sig(char *signame)
2133 {
2134  if (strcmp(signame, "HUP") == 0)
2135  sig = SIGHUP;
2136  else if (strcmp(signame, "INT") == 0)
2137  sig = SIGINT;
2138  else if (strcmp(signame, "QUIT") == 0)
2139  sig = SIGQUIT;
2140  else if (strcmp(signame, "ABRT") == 0)
2141  sig = SIGABRT;
2142  else if (strcmp(signame, "KILL") == 0)
2143  sig = SIGKILL;
2144  else if (strcmp(signame, "TERM") == 0)
2145  sig = SIGTERM;
2146  else if (strcmp(signame, "USR1") == 0)
2147  sig = SIGUSR1;
2148  else if (strcmp(signame, "USR2") == 0)
2149  sig = SIGUSR2;
2150  else
2151  {
2152  write_stderr(_("%s: unrecognized signal name \"%s\"\n"), progname, signame);
2153  do_advice();
2154  exit(1);
2155  }
2156 }
2157 
2158 
2159 #ifdef WIN32
2160 static void
2161 set_starttype(char *starttypeopt)
2162 {
2163  if (strcmp(starttypeopt, "a") == 0 || strcmp(starttypeopt, "auto") == 0)
2164  pgctl_start_type = SERVICE_AUTO_START;
2165  else if (strcmp(starttypeopt, "d") == 0 || strcmp(starttypeopt, "demand") == 0)
2166  pgctl_start_type = SERVICE_DEMAND_START;
2167  else
2168  {
2169  write_stderr(_("%s: unrecognized start type \"%s\"\n"), progname, starttypeopt);
2170  do_advice();
2171  exit(1);
2172  }
2173 }
2174 #endif
2175 
2176 /*
2177  * adjust_data_dir
2178  *
2179  * If a configuration-only directory was specified, find the real data dir.
2180  */
2181 static void
2182 adjust_data_dir(void)
2183 {
2184  char cmd[MAXPGPATH],
2185  filename[MAXPGPATH],
2186  *my_exec_path;
2187  FILE *fd;
2188 
2189  /* do nothing if we're working without knowledge of data dir */
2190  if (pg_config == NULL)
2191  return;
2192 
2193  /* If there is no postgresql.conf, it can't be a config-only dir */
2194  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/postgresql.conf", pg_config);
2195  if ((fd = fopen(filename, "r")) == NULL)
2196  return;
2197  fclose(fd);
2198 
2199  /* If PG_VERSION exists, it can't be a config-only dir */
2200  snprintf(filename, sizeof(filename), "%s/PG_VERSION", pg_config);
2201  if ((fd = fopen(filename, "r")) != NULL)
2202  {
2203  fclose(fd);
2204  return;
2205  }
2206 
2207  /* Must be a configuration directory, so find the data directory */
2208 
2209  /* we use a private my_exec_path to avoid interfering with later uses */
2210  if (exec_path == NULL)
2211  my_exec_path = find_other_exec_or_die(argv0, "postgres", PG_BACKEND_VERSIONSTR);
2212  else
2213  my_exec_path = pg_strdup(exec_path);
2214 
2215  /* it's important for -C to be the first option, see main.c */
2216  snprintf(cmd, MAXPGPATH, "\"%s\" -C data_directory %s%s",
2217  my_exec_path,
2218  pgdata_opt ? pgdata_opt : "",
2219  post_opts ? post_opts : "");
2220 
2221  fd = popen(cmd, "r");
2222  if (fd == NULL || fgets(filename, sizeof(filename), fd) == NULL)
2223  {
2224  write_stderr(_("%s: could not determine the data directory using command \"%s\"\n"), progname, cmd);
2225  exit(1);
2226  }
2227  pclose(fd);
2228  free(my_exec_path);
2229 
2230  /* strip trailing newline and carriage return */
2231  (void) pg_strip_crlf(filename);
2232 
2233  free(pg_data);
2234  pg_data = pg_strdup(filename);
2235  canonicalize_path(pg_data);
2236 }
2237 
2238 
2239 static DBState
2240 get_control_dbstate(void)
2241 {
2242  DBState ret;
2243  bool crc_ok;
2244  ControlFileData *control_file_data = get_controlfile(pg_data, &crc_ok);
2245 
2246  if (!crc_ok)
2247  {
2248  write_stderr(_("%s: control file appears to be corrupt\n"), progname);
2249  exit(1);
2250  }
2251 
2252  ret = control_file_data->state;
2253  pfree(control_file_data);
2254  return ret;
2255 }
2256 
2257 
2258 int
2259 main(int argc, char **argv)
2260 {
2261  static struct option long_options[] = {
2262  {"help", no_argument, NULL, '?'},
2263  {"version", no_argument, NULL, 'V'},
2264  {"log", required_argument, NULL, 'l'},
2265  {"mode", required_argument, NULL, 'm'},
2266  {"pgdata", required_argument, NULL, 'D'},
2267  {"options", required_argument, NULL, 'o'},
2268  {"silent", no_argument, NULL, 's'},
2269  {"timeout", required_argument, NULL, 't'},
2270  {"core-files", no_argument, NULL, 'c'},
2271  {"wait", no_argument, NULL, 'w'},
2272  {"no-wait", no_argument, NULL, 'W'},
2273  {NULL, 0, NULL, 0}
2274  };
2275 
2276  char *env_wait;
2277  int option_index;
2278  int c;
2279  pgpid_t killproc = 0;
2280 
2281  pg_logging_init(argv[0]);
2282  progname = get_progname(argv[0]);
2283  set_pglocale_pgservice(argv[0], PG_TEXTDOMAIN("pg_ctl"));
2284  start_time = time(NULL);
2285 
2286  /*
2287  * save argv[0] so do_start() can look for the postmaster if necessary. we
2288  * don't look for postmaster here because in many cases we won't need it.
2289  */
2290  argv0 = argv[0];
2291 
2292  /* Set restrictive mode mask until PGDATA permissions are checked */
2293  umask(PG_MODE_MASK_OWNER);
2294 
2295  /* support --help and --version even if invoked as root */
2296  if (argc > 1)
2297  {
2298  if (strcmp(argv[1], "--help") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-?") == 0)
2299  {
2300  do_help();
2301  exit(0);
2302  }
2303  else if (strcmp(argv[1], "--version") == 0 || strcmp(argv[1], "-V") == 0)
2304  {
2305  puts("pg_ctl (PostgreSQL) " PG_VERSION);
2306  exit(0);
2307  }
2308  }
2309 
2310  /*
2311  * Disallow running as root, to forestall any possible security holes.
2312  */
2313 #ifndef WIN32
2314  if (geteuid() == 0)
2315  {
2316  write_stderr(_("%s: cannot be run as root\n"
2317  "Please log in (using, e.g., \"su\") as the "
2318  "(unprivileged) user that will\n"
2319  "own the server process.\n"),
2320  progname);
2321  exit(1);
2322  }
2323 #endif
2324 
2325  env_wait = getenv("PGCTLTIMEOUT");
2326  if (env_wait != NULL)
2327  wait_seconds = atoi(env_wait);
2328 
2329  /*
2330  * 'Action' can be before or after args so loop over both. Some
2331  * getopt_long() implementations will reorder argv[] to place all flags
2332  * first (GNU?), but we don't rely on it. Our /port version doesn't do
2333  * that.
2334  */
2335  optind = 1;
2336 
2337  /* process command-line options */
2338  while (optind < argc)
2339  {
2340  while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, "cD:e:l:m:N:o:p:P:sS:t:U:wW",
2341  long_options, &option_index)) != -1)
2342  {
2343  switch (c)
2344  {
2345  case 'D':
2346  {
2347  char *pgdata_D;
2348  char *env_var;
2349 
2350  pgdata_D = pg_strdup(optarg);
2351  canonicalize_path(pgdata_D);
2352  env_var = psprintf("PGDATA=%s", pgdata_D);
2353  putenv(env_var);
2354 
2355  /*
2356  * We could pass PGDATA just in an environment
2357  * variable but we do -D too for clearer postmaster
2358  * 'ps' display
2359  */
2360  pgdata_opt = psprintf("-D \"%s\" ", pgdata_D);
2361  break;
2362  }
2363  case 'e':
2364  event_source = pg_strdup(optarg);
2365  break;
2366  case 'l':
2367  log_file = pg_strdup(optarg);
2368  break;
2369  case 'm':
2370  set_mode(optarg);
2371  break;
2372  case 'N':
2373  register_servicename = pg_strdup(optarg);
2374  break;
2375  case 'o':
2376  /* append option? */
2377  if (!post_opts)
2378  post_opts = pg_strdup(optarg);
2379  else
2380  {
2381  char *old_post_opts = post_opts;
2382 
2383  post_opts = psprintf("%s %s", old_post_opts, optarg);
2384  free(old_post_opts);
2385  }
2386  break;
2387  case 'p':
2388  exec_path = pg_strdup(optarg);
2389  break;
2390  case 'P':
2391  register_password = pg_strdup(optarg);
2392  break;
2393  case 's':
2394  silent_mode = true;
2395  break;
2396  case 'S':
2397 #ifdef WIN32
2398  set_starttype(optarg);
2399 #else
2400  write_stderr(_("%s: -S option not supported on this platform\n"),
2401  progname);
2402  exit(1);
2403 #endif
2404  break;
2405  case 't':
2406  wait_seconds = atoi(optarg);
2407  wait_seconds_arg = true;
2408  break;
2409  case 'U':
2410  if (strchr(optarg, '\\'))
2411  register_username = pg_strdup(optarg);
2412  else
2413  /* Prepend .\ for local accounts */
2414  register_username = psprintf(".\\%s", optarg);
2415  break;
2416  case 'w':
2417  do_wait = true;
2418  break;
2419  case 'W':
2420  do_wait = false;
2421  break;
2422  case 'c':
2423  allow_core_files = true;
2424  break;
2425  default:
2426  /* getopt_long already issued a suitable error message */
2427  do_advice();
2428  exit(1);
2429  }
2430  }
2431 
2432  /* Process an action */
2433  if (optind < argc)
2434  {
2435  if (ctl_command != NO_COMMAND)
2436  {
2437  write_stderr(_("%s: too many command-line arguments (first is \"%s\")\n"), progname, argv[optind]);
2438  do_advice();
2439  exit(1);
2440  }
2441 
2442  if (strcmp(argv[optind], "init") == 0
2443  || strcmp(argv[optind], "initdb") == 0)
2444  ctl_command = INIT_COMMAND;
2445  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "start") == 0)
2446  ctl_command = START_COMMAND;
2447  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "stop") == 0)
2448  ctl_command = STOP_COMMAND;
2449  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "restart") == 0)
2450  ctl_command = RESTART_COMMAND;
2451  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "reload") == 0)
2452  ctl_command = RELOAD_COMMAND;
2453  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "status") == 0)
2454  ctl_command = STATUS_COMMAND;
2455  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "promote") == 0)
2456  ctl_command = PROMOTE_COMMAND;
2457  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "logrotate") == 0)
2458  ctl_command = LOGROTATE_COMMAND;
2459  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "kill") == 0)
2460  {
2461  if (argc - optind < 3)
2462  {
2463  write_stderr(_("%s: missing arguments for kill mode\n"), progname);
2464  do_advice();
2465  exit(1);
2466  }
2467  ctl_command = KILL_COMMAND;
2468  set_sig(argv[++optind]);
2469  killproc = atol(argv[++optind]);
2470  }
2471 #ifdef WIN32
2472  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "register") == 0)
2473  ctl_command = REGISTER_COMMAND;
2474  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "unregister") == 0)
2475  ctl_command = UNREGISTER_COMMAND;
2476  else if (strcmp(argv[optind], "runservice") == 0)
2477  ctl_command = RUN_AS_SERVICE_COMMAND;
2478 #endif
2479  else
2480  {
2481  write_stderr(_("%s: unrecognized operation mode \"%s\"\n"), progname, argv[optind]);
2482  do_advice();
2483  exit(1);
2484  }
2485  optind++;
2486  }
2487  }
2488 
2489  if (ctl_command == NO_COMMAND)
2490  {
2491  write_stderr(_("%s: no operation specified\n"), progname);
2492  do_advice();
2493  exit(1);
2494  }
2495 
2496  /* Note we put any -D switch into the env var above */
2497  pg_config = getenv("PGDATA");
2498  if (pg_config)
2499  {
2500  pg_config = pg_strdup(pg_config);
2501  canonicalize_path(pg_config);
2502  pg_data = pg_strdup(pg_config);
2503  }
2504 
2505  /* -D might point at config-only directory; if so find the real PGDATA */
2506  adjust_data_dir();
2507 
2508  /* Complain if -D needed and not provided */
2509  if (pg_config == NULL &&
2510  ctl_command != KILL_COMMAND && ctl_command != UNREGISTER_COMMAND)
2511  {
2512  write_stderr(_("%s: no database directory specified and environment variable PGDATA unset\n"),
2513  progname);
2514  do_advice();
2515  exit(1);
2516  }
2517 
2518  if (ctl_command == RELOAD_COMMAND)
2519  {
2520  sig = SIGHUP;
2521  do_wait = false;
2522  }
2523 
2524  if (pg_data)
2525  {
2526  snprintf(postopts_file, MAXPGPATH, "%s/postmaster.opts", pg_data);
2527  snprintf(version_file, MAXPGPATH, "%s/PG_VERSION", pg_data);
2528  snprintf(pid_file, MAXPGPATH, "%s/postmaster.pid", pg_data);
2529  snprintf(backup_file, MAXPGPATH, "%s/backup_label", pg_data);
2530 
2531  /*
2532  * Set mask based on PGDATA permissions,
2533  *
2534  * Don't error here if the data directory cannot be stat'd. This is
2535  * handled differently based on the command and we don't want to
2536  * interfere with that logic.
2537  */
2538  if (GetDataDirectoryCreatePerm(pg_data))
2539  umask(pg_mode_mask);
2540  }
2541 
2542  switch (ctl_command)
2543  {
2544  case INIT_COMMAND:
2545  do_init();
2546  break;
2547  case STATUS_COMMAND:
2548  do_status();
2549  break;
2550  case START_COMMAND:
2551  do_start();
2552  break;
2553  case STOP_COMMAND:
2554  do_stop();
2555  break;
2556  case RESTART_COMMAND:
2557  do_restart();
2558  break;
2559  case RELOAD_COMMAND:
2560  do_reload();
2561  break;
2562  case PROMOTE_COMMAND:
2563  do_promote();
2564  break;
2565  case LOGROTATE_COMMAND:
2566  do_logrotate();
2567  break;
2568  case KILL_COMMAND:
2569  do_kill(killproc);
2570  break;
2571 #ifdef WIN32
2572  case REGISTER_COMMAND:
2573  pgwin32_doRegister();
2574  break;
2575  case UNREGISTER_COMMAND:
2576  pgwin32_doUnregister();
2577  break;
2578  case RUN_AS_SERVICE_COMMAND:
2579  pgwin32_doRunAsService();
2580  break;
2581 #endif
2582  default:
2583  break;
2584  }
2585 
2586  exit(0);
2587 }
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