wait_event.c

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/* ----------
 * wait_event.c
 *    Wait event reporting infrastructure.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2001-2025, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *    src/backend/utils/activity/wait_event.c
 *
 * NOTES
 *
 * To make pgstat_report_wait_start() and pgstat_report_wait_end() as
 * lightweight as possible, they do not check if shared memory (MyProc
 * specifically, where the wait event is stored) is already available. Instead
 * we initially set my_wait_event_info to a process local variable, which then
 * is redirected to shared memory using pgstat_set_wait_event_storage(). For
 * the same reason pgstat_track_activities is not checked - the check adds
 * more work than it saves.
 *
 * ----------
 */
#include "postgres.h"
 
#include "storage/lmgr.h"       /* for GetLockNameFromTagType */
#include "storage/lwlock.h"     /* for GetLWLockIdentifier */
#include "storage/spin.h"
#include "utils/wait_event.h"
 
 
static const char *pgstat_get_wait_activity(WaitEventActivity w);
static const char *pgstat_get_wait_bufferpin(WaitEventBufferPin w);
static const char *pgstat_get_wait_client(WaitEventClient w);
static const char *pgstat_get_wait_ipc(WaitEventIPC w);
static const char *pgstat_get_wait_timeout(WaitEventTimeout w);
static const char *pgstat_get_wait_io(WaitEventIO w);
 
 
static uint32 local_my_wait_event_info;
uint32     *my_wait_event_info = &local_my_wait_event_info;
 
#define WAIT_EVENT_CLASS_MASK   0xFF000000
#define WAIT_EVENT_ID_MASK      0x0000FFFF
 
/*
 * Hash tables for storing custom wait event ids and their names in
 * shared memory.
 *
 * WaitEventCustomHashByInfo is used to find the name from wait event
 * information.  Any backend can search it to find custom wait events.
 *
 * WaitEventCustomHashByName is used to find the wait event information from a
 * name.  It is used to ensure that no duplicated entries are registered.
 *
 * For simplicity, we use the same ID counter across types of custom events.
 * We could end that anytime the need arises.
 *
 * The size of the hash table is based on the assumption that
 * WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_INIT_SIZE is enough for most cases, and it seems
 * unlikely that the number of entries will reach
 * WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_MAX_SIZE.
 */
static HTAB *WaitEventCustomHashByInfo; /* find names from infos */
static HTAB *WaitEventCustomHashByName; /* find infos from names */
 
#define WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_INIT_SIZE    16
#define WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_MAX_SIZE 128
 
/* hash table entries */
typedef struct WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo
{
    uint32      wait_event_info;    /* hash key */
    char        wait_event_name[NAMEDATALEN];   /* custom wait event name */
} WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo;
 
typedef struct WaitEventCustomEntryByName
{
    char        wait_event_name[NAMEDATALEN];   /* hash key */
    uint32      wait_event_info;
} WaitEventCustomEntryByName;
 
 
/* dynamic allocation counter for custom wait events */
typedef struct WaitEventCustomCounterData
{
    int         nextId;         /* next ID to assign */
    slock_t     mutex;          /* protects the counter */
} WaitEventCustomCounterData;
 
/* pointer to the shared memory */
static WaitEventCustomCounterData *WaitEventCustomCounter;
 
/* first event ID of custom wait events */
#define WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_INITIAL_ID    1
 
static uint32 WaitEventCustomNew(uint32 classId, const char *wait_event_name);
static const char *GetWaitEventCustomIdentifier(uint32 wait_event_info);
 
/*
 *  Return the space for dynamic shared hash tables and dynamic allocation counter.
 */
Size
WaitEventCustomShmemSize(void)
{
    Size        sz;
 
    sz = MAXALIGN(sizeof(WaitEventCustomCounterData));
    sz = add_size(sz, hash_estimate_size(WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_MAX_SIZE,
                                         sizeof(WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo)));
    sz = add_size(sz, hash_estimate_size(WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_MAX_SIZE,
                                         sizeof(WaitEventCustomEntryByName)));
    return sz;
}
 
/*
 * Allocate shmem space for dynamic shared hash and dynamic allocation counter.
 */
void
WaitEventCustomShmemInit(void)
{
    bool        found;
    HASHCTL     info;
 
    WaitEventCustomCounter = (WaitEventCustomCounterData *)
        ShmemInitStruct("WaitEventCustomCounterData",
                        sizeof(WaitEventCustomCounterData), &found);
 
    if (!found)
    {
        /* initialize the allocation counter and its spinlock. */
        WaitEventCustomCounter->nextId = WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_INITIAL_ID;
        SpinLockInit(&WaitEventCustomCounter->mutex);
    }
 
    /* initialize or attach the hash tables to store custom wait events */
    info.keysize = sizeof(uint32);
    info.entrysize = sizeof(WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo);
    WaitEventCustomHashByInfo =
        ShmemInitHash("WaitEventCustom hash by wait event information",
                      WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_INIT_SIZE,
                      WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_MAX_SIZE,
                      &info,
                      HASH_ELEM | HASH_BLOBS);
 
    /* key is a NULL-terminated string */
    info.keysize = sizeof(char[NAMEDATALEN]);
    info.entrysize = sizeof(WaitEventCustomEntryByName);
    WaitEventCustomHashByName =
        ShmemInitHash("WaitEventCustom hash by name",
                      WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_INIT_SIZE,
                      WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_MAX_SIZE,
                      &info,
                      HASH_ELEM | HASH_STRINGS);
}
 
/*
 * Allocate a new event ID and return the wait event info.
 *
 * If the wait event name is already defined, this does not allocate a new
 * entry; it returns the wait event information associated to the name.
 */
uint32
WaitEventExtensionNew(const char *wait_event_name)
{
    return WaitEventCustomNew(PG_WAIT_EXTENSION, wait_event_name);
}
 
uint32
WaitEventInjectionPointNew(const char *wait_event_name)
{
    return WaitEventCustomNew(PG_WAIT_INJECTIONPOINT, wait_event_name);
}
 
static uint32
WaitEventCustomNew(uint32 classId, const char *wait_event_name)
{
    uint16      eventId;
    bool        found;
    WaitEventCustomEntryByName *entry_by_name;
    WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo *entry_by_info;
    uint32      wait_event_info;
 
    /* Check the limit of the length of the event name */
    if (strlen(wait_event_name) >= NAMEDATALEN)
        elog(ERROR,
             "cannot use custom wait event string longer than %u characters",
             NAMEDATALEN - 1);
 
    /*
     * Check if the wait event info associated to the name is already defined,
     * and return it if so.
     */
    LWLockAcquire(WaitEventCustomLock, LW_SHARED);
    entry_by_name = (WaitEventCustomEntryByName *)
        hash_search(WaitEventCustomHashByName, wait_event_name,
                    HASH_FIND, &found);
    LWLockRelease(WaitEventCustomLock);
    if (found)
    {
        uint32      oldClassId;
 
        oldClassId = entry_by_name->wait_event_info & WAIT_EVENT_CLASS_MASK;
        if (oldClassId != classId)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_OBJECT),
                     errmsg("wait event \"%s\" already exists in type \"%s\"",
                            wait_event_name,
                            pgstat_get_wait_event_type(entry_by_name->wait_event_info))));
        return entry_by_name->wait_event_info;
    }
 
    /*
     * Allocate and register a new wait event.  Recheck if the event name
     * exists, as it could be possible that a concurrent process has inserted
     * one with the same name since the LWLock acquired again here was
     * previously released.
     */
    LWLockAcquire(WaitEventCustomLock, LW_EXCLUSIVE);
    entry_by_name = (WaitEventCustomEntryByName *)
        hash_search(WaitEventCustomHashByName, wait_event_name,
                    HASH_FIND, &found);
    if (found)
    {
        uint32      oldClassId;
 
        LWLockRelease(WaitEventCustomLock);
        oldClassId = entry_by_name->wait_event_info & WAIT_EVENT_CLASS_MASK;
        if (oldClassId != classId)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_OBJECT),
                     errmsg("wait event \"%s\" already exists in type \"%s\"",
                            wait_event_name,
                            pgstat_get_wait_event_type(entry_by_name->wait_event_info))));
        return entry_by_name->wait_event_info;
    }
 
    /* Allocate a new event Id */
    SpinLockAcquire(&WaitEventCustomCounter->mutex);
 
    if (WaitEventCustomCounter->nextId >= WAIT_EVENT_CUSTOM_HASH_MAX_SIZE)
    {
        SpinLockRelease(&WaitEventCustomCounter->mutex);
        ereport(ERROR,
                errcode(ERRCODE_PROGRAM_LIMIT_EXCEEDED),
                errmsg("too many custom wait events"));
    }
 
    eventId = WaitEventCustomCounter->nextId++;
 
    SpinLockRelease(&WaitEventCustomCounter->mutex);
 
    /* Register the new wait event */
    wait_event_info = classId | eventId;
    entry_by_info = (WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo *)
        hash_search(WaitEventCustomHashByInfo, &wait_event_info,
                    HASH_ENTER, &found);
    Assert(!found);
    strlcpy(entry_by_info->wait_event_name, wait_event_name,
            sizeof(entry_by_info->wait_event_name));
 
    entry_by_name = (WaitEventCustomEntryByName *)
        hash_search(WaitEventCustomHashByName, wait_event_name,
                    HASH_ENTER, &found);
    Assert(!found);
    entry_by_name->wait_event_info = wait_event_info;
 
    LWLockRelease(WaitEventCustomLock);
 
    return wait_event_info;
}
 
/*
 * Return the name of a custom wait event information.
 */
static const char *
GetWaitEventCustomIdentifier(uint32 wait_event_info)
{
    bool        found;
    WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo *entry;
 
    /* Built-in event? */
    if (wait_event_info == PG_WAIT_EXTENSION)
        return "Extension";
 
    /* It is a user-defined wait event, so lookup hash table. */
    LWLockAcquire(WaitEventCustomLock, LW_SHARED);
    entry = (WaitEventCustomEntryByInfo *)
        hash_search(WaitEventCustomHashByInfo, &wait_event_info,
                    HASH_FIND, &found);
    LWLockRelease(WaitEventCustomLock);
 
    if (!entry)
        elog(ERROR,
             "could not find custom name for wait event information %u",
             wait_event_info);
 
    return entry->wait_event_name;
}
 
 
/*
 * Returns a list of currently defined custom wait event names.  The result is
 * a palloc'd array, with the number of elements saved in *nwaitevents.
 */
char      **
GetWaitEventCustomNames(uint32 classId, int *nwaitevents)
{
    char      **waiteventnames;
    WaitEventCustomEntryByName *hentry;
    HASH_SEQ_STATUS hash_seq;
    int         index;
    int         els;
 
    LWLockAcquire(WaitEventCustomLock, LW_SHARED);
 
    /* Now we can safely count the number of entries */
    els = hash_get_num_entries(WaitEventCustomHashByName);
 
    /* Allocate enough space for all entries */
    waiteventnames = palloc(els * sizeof(char *));
 
    /* Now scan the hash table to copy the data */
    hash_seq_init(&hash_seq, WaitEventCustomHashByName);
 
    index = 0;
    while ((hentry = (WaitEventCustomEntryByName *) hash_seq_search(&hash_seq)) != NULL)
    {
        if ((hentry->wait_event_info & WAIT_EVENT_CLASS_MASK) != classId)
            continue;
        waiteventnames[index] = pstrdup(hentry->wait_event_name);
        index++;
    }
 
    LWLockRelease(WaitEventCustomLock);
 
    *nwaitevents = index;
    return waiteventnames;
}
 
/*
 * Configure wait event reporting to report wait events to *wait_event_info.
 * *wait_event_info needs to be valid until pgstat_reset_wait_event_storage()
 * is called.
 *
 * Expected to be called during backend startup, to point my_wait_event_info
 * into shared memory.
 */
void
pgstat_set_wait_event_storage(uint32 *wait_event_info)
{
    my_wait_event_info = wait_event_info;
}
 
/*
 * Reset wait event storage location.
 *
 * Expected to be called during backend shutdown, before the location set up
 * pgstat_set_wait_event_storage() becomes invalid.
 */
void
pgstat_reset_wait_event_storage(void)
{
    my_wait_event_info = &local_my_wait_event_info;
}
 
/* ----------
 * pgstat_get_wait_event_type() -
 *
 *  Return a string representing the current wait event type, backend is
 *  waiting on.
 */
const char *
pgstat_get_wait_event_type(uint32 wait_event_info)
{
    uint32      classId;
    const char *event_type;
 
    /* report process as not waiting. */
    if (wait_event_info == 0)
        return NULL;
 
    classId = wait_event_info & WAIT_EVENT_CLASS_MASK;
 
    switch (classId)
    {
        case PG_WAIT_LWLOCK:
            event_type = "LWLock";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_LOCK:
            event_type = "Lock";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_BUFFERPIN:
            event_type = "BufferPin";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_ACTIVITY:
            event_type = "Activity";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_CLIENT:
            event_type = "Client";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_EXTENSION:
            event_type = "Extension";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_IPC:
            event_type = "IPC";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_TIMEOUT:
            event_type = "Timeout";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_IO:
            event_type = "IO";
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_INJECTIONPOINT:
            event_type = "InjectionPoint";
            break;
        default:
            event_type = "???";
            break;
    }
 
    return event_type;
}
 
/* ----------
 * pgstat_get_wait_event() -
 *
 *  Return a string representing the current wait event, backend is
 *  waiting on.
 */
const char *
pgstat_get_wait_event(uint32 wait_event_info)
{
    uint32      classId;
    uint16      eventId;
    const char *event_name;
 
    /* report process as not waiting. */
    if (wait_event_info == 0)
        return NULL;
 
    classId = wait_event_info & WAIT_EVENT_CLASS_MASK;
    eventId = wait_event_info & WAIT_EVENT_ID_MASK;
 
    switch (classId)
    {
        case PG_WAIT_LWLOCK:
            event_name = GetLWLockIdentifier(classId, eventId);
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_LOCK:
            event_name = GetLockNameFromTagType(eventId);
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_EXTENSION:
        case PG_WAIT_INJECTIONPOINT:
            event_name = GetWaitEventCustomIdentifier(wait_event_info);
            break;
        case PG_WAIT_BUFFERPIN:
            {
                WaitEventBufferPin w = (WaitEventBufferPin) wait_event_info;
 
                event_name = pgstat_get_wait_bufferpin(w);
                break;
            }
        case PG_WAIT_ACTIVITY:
            {
                WaitEventActivity w = (WaitEventActivity) wait_event_info;
 
                event_name = pgstat_get_wait_activity(w);
                break;
            }
        case PG_WAIT_CLIENT:
            {
                WaitEventClient w = (WaitEventClient) wait_event_info;
 
                event_name = pgstat_get_wait_client(w);
                break;
            }
        case PG_WAIT_IPC:
            {
                WaitEventIPC w = (WaitEventIPC) wait_event_info;
 
                event_name = pgstat_get_wait_ipc(w);
                break;
            }
        case PG_WAIT_TIMEOUT:
            {
                WaitEventTimeout w = (WaitEventTimeout) wait_event_info;
 
                event_name = pgstat_get_wait_timeout(w);
                break;
            }
        case PG_WAIT_IO:
            {
                WaitEventIO w = (WaitEventIO) wait_event_info;
 
                event_name = pgstat_get_wait_io(w);
                break;
            }
        default:
            event_name = "unknown wait event";
            break;
    }
 
    return event_name;
}
 
#include "pgstat_wait_event.c"