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funcapi.h
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1 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
2  *
3  * funcapi.h
4  * Definitions for functions which return composite type and/or sets
5  * or work on VARIADIC inputs.
6  *
7  * This file must be included by all Postgres modules that either define
8  * or call FUNCAPI-callable functions or macros.
9  *
10  *
11  * Copyright (c) 2002-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
12  *
13  * src/include/funcapi.h
14  *
15  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
16  */
17 #ifndef FUNCAPI_H
18 #define FUNCAPI_H
19 
20 #include "access/tupdesc.h"
21 #include "executor/executor.h"
22 #include "executor/tuptable.h"
23 #include "fmgr.h"
24 
25 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
26  * Support to ease writing Functions returning composite types
27  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
28  *
29  * This struct holds arrays of individual attribute information
30  * needed to create a tuple from raw C strings. It also requires
31  * a copy of the TupleDesc. The information carried here
32  * is derived from the TupleDesc, but it is stored here to
33  * avoid redundant cpu cycles on each call to an SRF.
34  */
35 typedef struct AttInMetadata
36 {
37  /* full TupleDesc */
39 
40  /* array of attribute type input function finfo */
42 
43  /* array of attribute type i/o parameter OIDs */
45 
46  /* array of attribute typmod */
49 
50 /*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
51  * Support struct to ease writing Set Returning Functions (SRFs)
52  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
53  *
54  * This struct holds function context for Set Returning Functions.
55  * Use fn_extra to hold a pointer to it across calls
56  */
57 typedef struct FuncCallContext
58 {
59  /*
60  * Number of times we've been called before
61  *
62  * call_cntr is initialized to 0 for you by SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT(), and
63  * incremented for you every time SRF_RETURN_NEXT() is called.
64  */
65  uint64 call_cntr;
66 
67  /*
68  * OPTIONAL maximum number of calls
69  *
70  * max_calls is here for convenience only and setting it is optional. If
71  * not set, you must provide alternative means to know when the function
72  * is done.
73  */
74  uint64 max_calls;
75 
76  /*
77  * OPTIONAL pointer to miscellaneous user-provided context information
78  *
79  * user_fctx is for use as a pointer to your own struct to retain
80  * arbitrary context information between calls of your function.
81  */
82  void *user_fctx;
83 
84  /*
85  * OPTIONAL pointer to struct containing attribute type input metadata
86  *
87  * attinmeta is for use when returning tuples (i.e. composite data types)
88  * and is not used when returning base data types. It is only needed if
89  * you intend to use BuildTupleFromCStrings() to create the return tuple.
90  */
92 
93  /*
94  * memory context used for structures that must live for multiple calls
95  *
96  * multi_call_memory_ctx is set by SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT() for you, and used
97  * by SRF_RETURN_DONE() for cleanup. It is the most appropriate memory
98  * context for any memory that is to be reused across multiple calls of
99  * the SRF.
100  */
102 
103  /*
104  * OPTIONAL pointer to struct containing tuple description
105  *
106  * tuple_desc is for use when returning tuples (i.e. composite data types)
107  * and is only needed if you are going to build the tuples with
108  * heap_form_tuple() rather than with BuildTupleFromCStrings(). Note that
109  * the TupleDesc pointer stored here should usually have been run through
110  * BlessTupleDesc() first.
111  */
113 
115 
116 /*----------
117  * Support to ease writing functions returning composite types
118  *
119  * External declarations:
120  * get_call_result_type:
121  * Given a function's call info record, determine the kind of datatype
122  * it is supposed to return. If resultTypeId isn't NULL, *resultTypeId
123  * receives the actual datatype OID (this is mainly useful for scalar
124  * result types). If resultTupleDesc isn't NULL, *resultTupleDesc
125  * receives a pointer to a TupleDesc when the result is of a composite
126  * type, or NULL when it's a scalar result or the rowtype could not be
127  * determined. NB: the tupledesc should be copied if it is to be
128  * accessed over a long period.
129  * get_expr_result_type:
130  * Given an expression node, return the same info as for
131  * get_call_result_type. Note: the cases in which rowtypes cannot be
132  * determined are different from the cases for get_call_result_type.
133  * get_func_result_type:
134  * Given only a function's OID, return the same info as for
135  * get_call_result_type. Note: the cases in which rowtypes cannot be
136  * determined are different from the cases for get_call_result_type.
137  * Do *not* use this if you can use one of the others.
138  *
139  * See also get_expr_result_tupdesc(), which is a convenient wrapper around
140  * get_expr_result_type() for use when the caller only cares about
141  * determinable-rowtype cases.
142  *----------
143  */
144 
145 /* Type categories for get_call_result_type and siblings */
146 typedef enum TypeFuncClass
147 {
148  TYPEFUNC_SCALAR, /* scalar result type */
149  TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE, /* determinable rowtype result */
150  TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE_DOMAIN, /* domain over determinable rowtype result */
151  TYPEFUNC_RECORD, /* indeterminate rowtype result */
152  TYPEFUNC_OTHER, /* bogus type, eg pseudotype */
154 
156  Oid *resultTypeId,
157  TupleDesc *resultTupleDesc);
159  Oid *resultTypeId,
160  TupleDesc *resultTupleDesc);
161 extern TypeFuncClass get_func_result_type(Oid functionId,
162  Oid *resultTypeId,
163  TupleDesc *resultTupleDesc);
164 
165 extern TupleDesc get_expr_result_tupdesc(Node *expr, bool noError);
166 
167 extern bool resolve_polymorphic_argtypes(int numargs, Oid *argtypes,
168  char *argmodes,
169  Node *call_expr);
170 
171 extern int get_func_arg_info(HeapTuple procTup,
172  Oid **p_argtypes, char ***p_argnames,
173  char **p_argmodes);
174 
175 extern int get_func_input_arg_names(Datum proargnames, Datum proargmodes,
176  char ***arg_names);
177 
178 extern int get_func_trftypes(HeapTuple procTup, Oid **p_trftypes);
179 extern char *get_func_result_name(Oid functionId);
180 
181 extern TupleDesc build_function_result_tupdesc_d(char prokind,
182  Datum proallargtypes,
183  Datum proargmodes,
184  Datum proargnames);
186 
187 
188 /*----------
189  * Support to ease writing functions returning composite types
190  *
191  * External declarations:
192  * TupleDesc BlessTupleDesc(TupleDesc tupdesc) - "Bless" a completed tuple
193  * descriptor so that it can be used to return properly labeled tuples.
194  * You need to call this if you are going to use heap_form_tuple directly.
195  * TupleDescGetAttInMetadata does it for you, however, so no need to call
196  * it if you call TupleDescGetAttInMetadata.
197  * AttInMetadata *TupleDescGetAttInMetadata(TupleDesc tupdesc) - Build an
198  * AttInMetadata struct based on the given TupleDesc. AttInMetadata can
199  * be used in conjunction with C strings to produce a properly formed
200  * tuple.
201  * HeapTuple BuildTupleFromCStrings(AttInMetadata *attinmeta, char **values) -
202  * build a HeapTuple given user data in C string form. values is an array
203  * of C strings, one for each attribute of the return tuple.
204  * Datum HeapTupleHeaderGetDatum(HeapTupleHeader tuple) - convert a
205  * HeapTupleHeader to a Datum.
206  *
207  * Inline declarations:
208  * HeapTupleGetDatum(HeapTuple tuple) - convert a HeapTuple to a Datum.
209  *
210  * Obsolete routines and macros:
211  * TupleDesc RelationNameGetTupleDesc(const char *relname) - Use to get a
212  * TupleDesc based on a named relation.
213  * TupleDesc TypeGetTupleDesc(Oid typeoid, List *colaliases) - Use to get a
214  * TupleDesc based on a type OID.
215  * TupleGetDatum(TupleTableSlot *slot, HeapTuple tuple) - get a Datum
216  * given a tuple and a slot.
217  *----------
218  */
219 
220 extern TupleDesc RelationNameGetTupleDesc(const char *relname);
221 extern TupleDesc TypeGetTupleDesc(Oid typeoid, List *colaliases);
222 
223 /* from execTuples.c */
224 extern TupleDesc BlessTupleDesc(TupleDesc tupdesc);
226 extern HeapTuple BuildTupleFromCStrings(AttInMetadata *attinmeta, char **values);
228 
229 static inline Datum
231 {
232  return HeapTupleHeaderGetDatum(tuple->t_data);
233 }
234 
235 /* obsolete version of above */
236 #define TupleGetDatum(_slot, _tuple) HeapTupleGetDatum(_tuple)
237 
238 
239 /*----------
240  * Support for Set Returning Functions (SRFs)
241  *
242  * The basic API for SRFs using ValuePerCall mode looks something like this:
243  *
244  * Datum
245  * my_Set_Returning_Function(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
246  * {
247  * FuncCallContext *funcctx;
248  * Datum result;
249  * MemoryContext oldcontext;
250  * <user defined declarations>
251  *
252  * if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
253  * {
254  * funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
255  * // switch context when allocating stuff to be used in later calls
256  * oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);
257  * <user defined code>
258  * <if returning composite>
259  * <build TupleDesc, and perhaps AttInMetadata>
260  * <endif returning composite>
261  * <user defined code>
262  * // return to original context when allocating transient memory
263  * MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
264  * }
265  * <user defined code>
266  * funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
267  * <user defined code>
268  *
269  * if (funcctx->call_cntr < funcctx->max_calls)
270  * {
271  * <user defined code>
272  * <obtain result Datum>
273  * SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, result);
274  * }
275  * else
276  * SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
277  * }
278  *
279  * NOTE: there is no guarantee that a SRF using ValuePerCall mode will be
280  * run to completion; for example, a query with LIMIT might stop short of
281  * fetching all the rows. Therefore, do not expect that you can do resource
282  * cleanup just before SRF_RETURN_DONE(). You need not worry about releasing
283  * memory allocated in multi_call_memory_ctx, but holding file descriptors or
284  * other non-memory resources open across calls is a bug. SRFs that need
285  * such resources should not use these macros, but instead populate a
286  * tuplestore during a single call, as set up by InitMaterializedSRF() (see
287  * fmgr/README). Alternatively, set up a callback to release resources
288  * at query shutdown, using RegisterExprContextCallback().
289  *
290  *----------
291  */
292 
293 /* from funcapi.c */
294 
295 /* flag bits for InitMaterializedSRF() */
296 #define MAT_SRF_USE_EXPECTED_DESC 0x01 /* use expectedDesc as tupdesc. */
297 #define MAT_SRF_BLESS 0x02 /* "Bless" a tuple descriptor with
298  * BlessTupleDesc(). */
299 extern void InitMaterializedSRF(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bits32 flags);
300 
303 extern void end_MultiFuncCall(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, FuncCallContext *funcctx);
304 
305 #define SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL() (fcinfo->flinfo->fn_extra == NULL)
306 
307 #define SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT() init_MultiFuncCall(fcinfo)
308 
309 #define SRF_PERCALL_SETUP() per_MultiFuncCall(fcinfo)
310 
311 #define SRF_RETURN_NEXT(_funcctx, _result) \
312  do { \
313  ReturnSetInfo *rsi; \
314  (_funcctx)->call_cntr++; \
315  rsi = (ReturnSetInfo *) fcinfo->resultinfo; \
316  rsi->isDone = ExprMultipleResult; \
317  PG_RETURN_DATUM(_result); \
318  } while (0)
319 
320 #define SRF_RETURN_NEXT_NULL(_funcctx) \
321  do { \
322  ReturnSetInfo *rsi; \
323  (_funcctx)->call_cntr++; \
324  rsi = (ReturnSetInfo *) fcinfo->resultinfo; \
325  rsi->isDone = ExprMultipleResult; \
326  PG_RETURN_NULL(); \
327  } while (0)
328 
329 #define SRF_RETURN_DONE(_funcctx) \
330  do { \
331  ReturnSetInfo *rsi; \
332  end_MultiFuncCall(fcinfo, _funcctx); \
333  rsi = (ReturnSetInfo *) fcinfo->resultinfo; \
334  rsi->isDone = ExprEndResult; \
335  PG_RETURN_NULL(); \
336  } while (0)
337 
338 /*----------
339  * Support to ease writing of functions dealing with VARIADIC inputs
340  *----------
341  *
342  * This function extracts a set of argument values, types and NULL markers
343  * for a given input function. This returns a set of data:
344  * - **values includes the set of Datum values extracted.
345  * - **types the data type OID for each element.
346  * - **nulls tracks if an element is NULL.
347  *
348  * variadic_start indicates the argument number where the VARIADIC argument
349  * starts.
350  * convert_unknown set to true will enforce the conversion of arguments
351  * with unknown data type to text.
352  *
353  * The return result is the number of elements stored, or -1 in the case of
354  * "VARIADIC NULL".
355  */
356 extern int extract_variadic_args(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, int variadic_start,
357  bool convert_unknown, Datum **args,
358  Oid **types, bool **nulls);
359 
360 #endif /* FUNCAPI_H */
static Datum values[MAXATTR]
Definition: bootstrap.c:152
signed int int32
Definition: c.h:481
uint32 bits32
Definition: c.h:502
struct typedefs * types
Definition: ecpg.c:29
#define PG_FUNCTION_ARGS
Definition: fmgr.h:193
TupleDesc BlessTupleDesc(TupleDesc tupdesc)
Definition: execTuples.c:2070
void InitMaterializedSRF(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, bits32 flags)
Definition: funcapi.c:76
HeapTuple BuildTupleFromCStrings(AttInMetadata *attinmeta, char **values)
Definition: execTuples.c:2134
AttInMetadata * TupleDescGetAttInMetadata(TupleDesc tupdesc)
Definition: execTuples.c:2085
int get_func_trftypes(HeapTuple procTup, Oid **p_trftypes)
Definition: funcapi.c:1467
TypeFuncClass
Definition: funcapi.h:147
@ TYPEFUNC_SCALAR
Definition: funcapi.h:148
@ TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE
Definition: funcapi.h:149
@ TYPEFUNC_RECORD
Definition: funcapi.h:151
@ TYPEFUNC_COMPOSITE_DOMAIN
Definition: funcapi.h:150
@ TYPEFUNC_OTHER
Definition: funcapi.h:152
struct AttInMetadata AttInMetadata
TupleDesc build_function_result_tupdesc_t(HeapTuple procTuple)
Definition: funcapi.c:1697
TupleDesc build_function_result_tupdesc_d(char prokind, Datum proallargtypes, Datum proargmodes, Datum proargnames)
Definition: funcapi.c:1743
Datum HeapTupleHeaderGetDatum(HeapTupleHeader tuple)
Definition: execTuples.c:2223
bool resolve_polymorphic_argtypes(int numargs, Oid *argtypes, char *argmodes, Node *call_expr)
Definition: funcapi.c:1056
struct FuncCallContext FuncCallContext
char * get_func_result_name(Oid functionId)
Definition: funcapi.c:1599
void end_MultiFuncCall(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS, FuncCallContext *funcctx)
Definition: funcapi.c:220
int get_func_input_arg_names(Datum proargnames, Datum proargmodes, char ***arg_names)
Definition: funcapi.c:1514
int get_func_arg_info(HeapTuple procTup, Oid **p_argtypes, char ***p_argnames, char **p_argmodes)
Definition: funcapi.c:1371
TupleDesc RelationNameGetTupleDesc(const char *relname)
Definition: funcapi.c:1862
TypeFuncClass get_call_result_type(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, Oid *resultTypeId, TupleDesc *resultTupleDesc)
Definition: funcapi.c:276
static Datum HeapTupleGetDatum(const HeapTupleData *tuple)
Definition: funcapi.h:230
int extract_variadic_args(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, int variadic_start, bool convert_unknown, Datum **args, Oid **types, bool **nulls)
Definition: funcapi.c:1997
FuncCallContext * init_MultiFuncCall(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
Definition: funcapi.c:133
TupleDesc get_expr_result_tupdesc(Node *expr, bool noError)
Definition: funcapi.c:543
TupleDesc TypeGetTupleDesc(Oid typeoid, List *colaliases)
Definition: funcapi.c:1895
TypeFuncClass get_func_result_type(Oid functionId, Oid *resultTypeId, TupleDesc *resultTupleDesc)
Definition: funcapi.c:403
TypeFuncClass get_expr_result_type(Node *expr, Oid *resultTypeId, TupleDesc *resultTupleDesc)
Definition: funcapi.c:292
FuncCallContext * per_MultiFuncCall(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
Definition: funcapi.c:208
NameData relname
Definition: pg_class.h:38
uintptr_t Datum
Definition: postgres.h:64
unsigned int Oid
Definition: postgres_ext.h:31
FmgrInfo * attinfuncs
Definition: funcapi.h:41
TupleDesc tupdesc
Definition: funcapi.h:38
Oid * attioparams
Definition: funcapi.h:44
int32 * atttypmods
Definition: funcapi.h:47
Definition: fmgr.h:57
void * user_fctx
Definition: funcapi.h:82
uint64 max_calls
Definition: funcapi.h:74
uint64 call_cntr
Definition: funcapi.h:65
AttInMetadata * attinmeta
Definition: funcapi.h:91
MemoryContext multi_call_memory_ctx
Definition: funcapi.h:101
TupleDesc tuple_desc
Definition: funcapi.h:112
HeapTupleHeader t_data
Definition: htup.h:68
Definition: pg_list.h:54
Definition: nodes.h:129