ps_status.c

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/*--------------------------------------------------------------------
 * ps_status.c
 *
 * Routines to support changing the ps display of PostgreSQL backends
 * to contain some useful information. Mechanism differs wildly across
 * platforms.
 *
 * src/backend/utils/misc/ps_status.c
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2000-2020, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * various details abducted from various places
 *--------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include "postgres.h"

#include <unistd.h>
#ifdef HAVE_SYS_PSTAT_H
#include <sys/pstat.h>          /* for HP-UX */
#endif
#ifdef HAVE_PS_STRINGS
#include <machine/vmparam.h>    /* for old BSD */
#include <sys/exec.h>
#endif
#if defined(__darwin__)
#include <crt_externs.h>
#endif

#include "libpq/libpq.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "pgstat.h"
#include "utils/guc.h"
#include "utils/ps_status.h"

extern char **environ;
bool        update_process_title = true;


/*
 * Alternative ways of updating ps display:
 *
 * PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE_FAST
 *     use the function setproctitle_fast(const char *, ...)
 *     (newer FreeBSD systems)
 * PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE
 *     use the function setproctitle(const char *, ...)
 *     (newer BSD systems)
 * PS_USE_PSTAT
 *     use the pstat(PSTAT_SETCMD, )
 *     (HPUX)
 * PS_USE_PS_STRINGS
 *     assign PS_STRINGS->ps_argvstr = "string"
 *     (some BSD systems)
 * PS_USE_CHANGE_ARGV
 *     assign argv[0] = "string"
 *     (some other BSD systems)
 * PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
 *     write over the argv and environment area
 *     (Linux and most SysV-like systems)
 * PS_USE_WIN32
 *     push the string out as the name of a Windows event
 * PS_USE_NONE
 *     don't update ps display
 *     (This is the default, as it is safest.)
 */
#if defined(HAVE_SETPROCTITLE_FAST)
#define PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE_FAST
#elif defined(HAVE_SETPROCTITLE)
#define PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE
#elif defined(HAVE_PSTAT) && defined(PSTAT_SETCMD)
#define PS_USE_PSTAT
#elif defined(HAVE_PS_STRINGS)
#define PS_USE_PS_STRINGS
#elif (defined(BSD) || defined(__hurd__)) && !defined(__darwin__)
#define PS_USE_CHANGE_ARGV
#elif defined(__linux__) || defined(_AIX) || defined(__sgi) || (defined(sun) && !defined(BSD)) || defined(__svr5__) || defined(__darwin__)
#define PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
#elif defined(WIN32)
#define PS_USE_WIN32
#else
#define PS_USE_NONE
#endif


/* Different systems want the buffer padded differently */
#if defined(_AIX) || defined(__linux__) || defined(__darwin__)
#define PS_PADDING '\0'
#else
#define PS_PADDING ' '
#endif


#ifndef PS_USE_NONE

#ifndef PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
/* all but one option need a buffer to write their ps line in */
#define PS_BUFFER_SIZE 256
static char ps_buffer[PS_BUFFER_SIZE];
static const size_t ps_buffer_size = PS_BUFFER_SIZE;
#else                           /* PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV */
static char *ps_buffer;         /* will point to argv area */
static size_t ps_buffer_size;   /* space determined at run time */
static size_t last_status_len;  /* use to minimize length of clobber */
#endif                          /* PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV */

static size_t ps_buffer_cur_len;    /* nominal strlen(ps_buffer) */

static size_t ps_buffer_fixed_size; /* size of the constant prefix */

#endif                          /* not PS_USE_NONE */

/* save the original argv[] location here */
static int  save_argc;
static char **save_argv;


/*
 * Call this early in startup to save the original argc/argv values.
 * If needed, we make a copy of the original argv[] array to preserve it
 * from being clobbered by subsequent ps_display actions.
 *
 * (The original argv[] will not be overwritten by this routine, but may be
 * overwritten during init_ps_display.  Also, the physical location of the
 * environment strings may be moved, so this should be called before any code
 * that might try to hang onto a getenv() result.)
 *
 * Note that in case of failure this cannot call elog() as that is not
 * initialized yet.  We rely on write_stderr() instead.
 */
char      **
save_ps_display_args(int argc, char **argv)
{
    save_argc = argc;
    save_argv = argv;

#if defined(PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV)

    /*
     * If we're going to overwrite the argv area, count the available space.
     * Also move the environment to make additional room.
     */
    {
        char       *end_of_area = NULL;
        char      **new_environ;
        int         i;

        /*
         * check for contiguous argv strings
         */
        for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
        {
            if (i == 0 || end_of_area + 1 == argv[i])
                end_of_area = argv[i] + strlen(argv[i]);
        }

        if (end_of_area == NULL)    /* probably can't happen? */
        {
            ps_buffer = NULL;
            ps_buffer_size = 0;
            return argv;
        }

        /*
         * check for contiguous environ strings following argv
         */
        for (i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; i++)
        {
            if (end_of_area + 1 == environ[i])
                end_of_area = environ[i] + strlen(environ[i]);
        }

        ps_buffer = argv[0];
        last_status_len = ps_buffer_size = end_of_area - argv[0];

        /*
         * move the environment out of the way
         */
        new_environ = (char **) malloc((i + 1) * sizeof(char *));
        if (!new_environ)
        {
            write_stderr("out of memory\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        for (i = 0; environ[i] != NULL; i++)
        {
            new_environ[i] = strdup(environ[i]);
            if (!new_environ[i])
            {
                write_stderr("out of memory\n");
                exit(1);
            }
        }
        new_environ[i] = NULL;
        environ = new_environ;
    }
#endif                          /* PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV */

#if defined(PS_USE_CHANGE_ARGV) || defined(PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV)

    /*
     * If we're going to change the original argv[] then make a copy for
     * argument parsing purposes.
     *
     * (NB: do NOT think to remove the copying of argv[], even though
     * postmaster.c finishes looking at argv[] long before we ever consider
     * changing the ps display.  On some platforms, getopt() keeps pointers
     * into the argv array, and will get horribly confused when it is
     * re-called to analyze a subprocess' argument string if the argv storage
     * has been clobbered meanwhile.  Other platforms have other dependencies
     * on argv[].
     */
    {
        char      **new_argv;
        int         i;

        new_argv = (char **) malloc((argc + 1) * sizeof(char *));
        if (!new_argv)
        {
            write_stderr("out of memory\n");
            exit(1);
        }
        for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
        {
            new_argv[i] = strdup(argv[i]);
            if (!new_argv[i])
            {
                write_stderr("out of memory\n");
                exit(1);
            }
        }
        new_argv[argc] = NULL;

#if defined(__darwin__)

        /*
         * macOS (and perhaps other NeXT-derived platforms?) has a static copy
         * of the argv pointer, which we may fix like so:
         */
        *_NSGetArgv() = new_argv;
#endif

        argv = new_argv;
    }
#endif                          /* PS_USE_CHANGE_ARGV or PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV */

    return argv;
}

/*
 * Call this once during subprocess startup to set the identification
 * values.
 *
 * If fixed_part is NULL, a default will be obtained from MyBackendType.
 *
 * At this point, the original argv[] array may be overwritten.
 */
void
init_ps_display(const char *fixed_part)
{
#ifndef PS_USE_NONE
    bool        save_update_process_title;
#endif

    Assert(fixed_part || MyBackendType);
    if (!fixed_part)
        fixed_part = GetBackendTypeDesc(MyBackendType);

#ifndef PS_USE_NONE
    /* no ps display for stand-alone backend */
    if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
        return;

    /* no ps display if you didn't call save_ps_display_args() */
    if (!save_argv)
        return;

#ifdef PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
    /* If ps_buffer is a pointer, it might still be null */
    if (!ps_buffer)
        return;
#endif

    /*
     * Overwrite argv[] to point at appropriate space, if needed
     */

#ifdef PS_USE_CHANGE_ARGV
    save_argv[0] = ps_buffer;
    save_argv[1] = NULL;
#endif                          /* PS_USE_CHANGE_ARGV */

#ifdef PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
    {
        int         i;

        /* make extra argv slots point at end_of_area (a NUL) */
        for (i = 1; i < save_argc; i++)
            save_argv[i] = ps_buffer + ps_buffer_size;
    }
#endif                          /* PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV */

    /*
     * Make fixed prefix of ps display.
     */

#if defined(PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE) || defined(PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE_FAST)

    /*
     * apparently setproctitle() already adds a `progname:' prefix to the ps
     * line
     */
#define PROGRAM_NAME_PREFIX ""
#else
#define PROGRAM_NAME_PREFIX "postgres: "
#endif

    if (*cluster_name == '\0')
    {
        snprintf(ps_buffer, ps_buffer_size,
                 PROGRAM_NAME_PREFIX "%s ",
                 fixed_part);
    }
    else
    {
        snprintf(ps_buffer, ps_buffer_size,
                 PROGRAM_NAME_PREFIX "%s: %s ",
                 cluster_name, fixed_part);
    }

    ps_buffer_cur_len = ps_buffer_fixed_size = strlen(ps_buffer);

    /*
     * On the first run, force the update.
     */
    save_update_process_title = update_process_title;
    update_process_title = true;
    set_ps_display("");
    update_process_title = save_update_process_title;
#endif                          /* not PS_USE_NONE */
}



/*
 * Call this to update the ps status display to a fixed prefix plus an
 * indication of what you're currently doing passed in the argument.
 */
void
set_ps_display(const char *activity)
{
#ifndef PS_USE_NONE
    /* update_process_title=off disables updates */
    if (!update_process_title)
        return;

    /* no ps display for stand-alone backend */
    if (!IsUnderPostmaster)
        return;

#ifdef PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
    /* If ps_buffer is a pointer, it might still be null */
    if (!ps_buffer)
        return;
#endif

    /* Update ps_buffer to contain both fixed part and activity */
    strlcpy(ps_buffer + ps_buffer_fixed_size, activity,
            ps_buffer_size - ps_buffer_fixed_size);
    ps_buffer_cur_len = strlen(ps_buffer);

    /* Transmit new setting to kernel, if necessary */

#ifdef PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE
    setproctitle("%s", ps_buffer);
#elif defined(PS_USE_SETPROCTITLE_FAST)
    setproctitle_fast("%s", ps_buffer);
#endif

#ifdef PS_USE_PSTAT
    {
        union pstun pst;

        pst.pst_command = ps_buffer;
        pstat(PSTAT_SETCMD, pst, ps_buffer_cur_len, 0, 0);
    }
#endif                          /* PS_USE_PSTAT */

#ifdef PS_USE_PS_STRINGS
    PS_STRINGS->ps_nargvstr = 1;
    PS_STRINGS->ps_argvstr = ps_buffer;
#endif                          /* PS_USE_PS_STRINGS */

#ifdef PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
    /* pad unused memory; need only clobber remainder of old status string */
    if (last_status_len > ps_buffer_cur_len)
        MemSet(ps_buffer + ps_buffer_cur_len, PS_PADDING,
               last_status_len - ps_buffer_cur_len);
    last_status_len = ps_buffer_cur_len;
#endif                          /* PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV */

#ifdef PS_USE_WIN32
    {
        /*
         * Win32 does not support showing any changed arguments. To make it at
         * all possible to track which backend is doing what, we create a
         * named object that can be viewed with for example Process Explorer.
         */
        static HANDLE ident_handle = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
        char        name[PS_BUFFER_SIZE + 32];

        if (ident_handle != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
            CloseHandle(ident_handle);

        sprintf(name, "pgident(%d): %s", MyProcPid, ps_buffer);

        ident_handle = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, name);
    }
#endif                          /* PS_USE_WIN32 */
#endif                          /* not PS_USE_NONE */
}


/*
 * Returns what's currently in the ps display, in case someone needs
 * it.  Note that only the activity part is returned.  On some platforms
 * the string will not be null-terminated, so return the effective
 * length into *displen.
 */
const char *
get_ps_display(int *displen)
{
#ifdef PS_USE_CLOBBER_ARGV
    /* If ps_buffer is a pointer, it might still be null */
    if (!ps_buffer)
    {
        *displen = 0;
        return "";
    }
#endif

#ifndef PS_USE_NONE
    *displen = (int) (ps_buffer_cur_len - ps_buffer_fixed_size);

    return ps_buffer + ps_buffer_fixed_size;
#else
    return "";
#endif
}