uuid-ossp.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * UUID generation functions using the BSD, E2FS or OSSP UUID library
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2007-2025, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 2009 Andrew Gierth
 *
 * contrib/uuid-ossp/uuid-ossp.c
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
 
#include "postgres.h"
 
#include "common/cryptohash.h"
#include "common/sha1.h"
#include "fmgr.h"
#include "port/pg_bswap.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/uuid.h"
#include "varatt.h"
 
/*
 * It's possible that there's more than one uuid.h header file present.
 * We expect configure to set the HAVE_ symbol for only the one we want.
 *
 * BSD includes a uuid_hash() function that conflicts with the one in
 * builtins.h; we #define it out of the way.
 */
#define uuid_hash bsd_uuid_hash
 
#if defined(HAVE_UUID_H)
#include <uuid.h>
#elif defined(HAVE_OSSP_UUID_H)
#include <ossp/uuid.h>
#elif defined(HAVE_UUID_UUID_H)
#include <uuid/uuid.h>
#else
#error "please use configure's --with-uuid switch to select a UUID library"
#endif
 
#undef uuid_hash
 
/* Check our UUID length against OSSP's; better both be 16 */
#if defined(HAVE_UUID_OSSP) && (UUID_LEN != UUID_LEN_BIN)
#error UUID length mismatch
#endif
 
/* Define some constants like OSSP's, to make the code more readable */
#ifndef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
#define UUID_MAKE_MC 0
#define UUID_MAKE_V1 1
#define UUID_MAKE_V2 2
#define UUID_MAKE_V3 3
#define UUID_MAKE_V4 4
#define UUID_MAKE_V5 5
#endif
 
/*
 * A DCE 1.1 compatible source representation of UUIDs, derived from
 * the BSD implementation.  BSD already has this; OSSP doesn't need it.
 */
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_E2FS
typedef struct
{
    uint32_t    time_low;
    uint16_t    time_mid;
    uint16_t    time_hi_and_version;
    uint8_t     clock_seq_hi_and_reserved;
    uint8_t     clock_seq_low;
    uint8_t     node[6];
} dce_uuid_t;
#else
#define dce_uuid_t uuid_t
#endif
 
/* If not OSSP, we need some endianness-manipulation macros */
#ifndef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
 
#define UUID_TO_NETWORK(uu) \
do { \
    uu.time_low = pg_hton32(uu.time_low); \
    uu.time_mid = pg_hton16(uu.time_mid); \
    uu.time_hi_and_version = pg_hton16(uu.time_hi_and_version); \
} while (0)
 
#define UUID_TO_LOCAL(uu) \
do { \
    uu.time_low = pg_ntoh32(uu.time_low); \
    uu.time_mid = pg_ntoh16(uu.time_mid); \
    uu.time_hi_and_version = pg_ntoh16(uu.time_hi_and_version); \
} while (0)
 
#define UUID_V3_OR_V5(uu, v) \
do { \
    uu.time_hi_and_version &= 0x0FFF; \
    uu.time_hi_and_version |= (v << 12); \
    uu.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved &= 0x3F; \
    uu.clock_seq_hi_and_reserved |= 0x80; \
} while(0)
 
#endif                          /* !HAVE_UUID_OSSP */
 
PG_MODULE_MAGIC_EXT(
                    .name = "uuid-ossp",
                    .version = PG_VERSION
);
 
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_nil);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_ns_dns);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_ns_url);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_ns_oid);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_ns_x500);
 
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_generate_v1);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_generate_v1mc);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_generate_v3);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_generate_v4);
PG_FUNCTION_INFO_V1(uuid_generate_v5);
 
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
 
static void
pguuid_complain(uuid_rc_t rc)
{
    char       *err = uuid_error(rc);
 
    if (err != NULL)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE_EXCEPTION),
                 errmsg("OSSP uuid library failure: %s", err)));
    else
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE_EXCEPTION),
                 errmsg("OSSP uuid library failure: error code %d", rc)));
}
 
/*
 * We create a uuid_t object just once per session and re-use it for all
 * operations in this module.  OSSP UUID caches the system MAC address and
 * other state in this object.  Reusing the object has a number of benefits:
 * saving the cycles needed to fetch the system MAC address over and over,
 * reducing the amount of entropy we draw from /dev/urandom, and providing a
 * positive guarantee that successive generated V1-style UUIDs don't collide.
 * (On a machine fast enough to generate multiple UUIDs per microsecond,
 * or whatever the system's wall-clock resolution is, we'd otherwise risk
 * collisions whenever random initialization of the uuid_t's clock sequence
 * value chanced to produce duplicates.)
 *
 * However: when we're doing V3 or V5 UUID creation, uuid_make needs two
 * uuid_t objects, one holding the namespace UUID and one for the result.
 * It's unspecified whether it's safe to use the same uuid_t for both cases,
 * so let's cache a second uuid_t for use as the namespace holder object.
 */
static uuid_t *
get_cached_uuid_t(int which)
{
    static uuid_t *cached_uuid[2] = {NULL, NULL};
 
    if (cached_uuid[which] == NULL)
    {
        uuid_rc_t   rc;
 
        rc = uuid_create(&cached_uuid[which]);
        if (rc != UUID_RC_OK)
        {
            cached_uuid[which] = NULL;
            pguuid_complain(rc);
        }
    }
    return cached_uuid[which];
}
 
static char *
uuid_to_string(const uuid_t *uuid)
{
    char       *buf = palloc(UUID_LEN_STR + 1);
    void       *ptr = buf;
    size_t      len = UUID_LEN_STR + 1;
    uuid_rc_t   rc;
 
    rc = uuid_export(uuid, UUID_FMT_STR, &ptr, &len);
    if (rc != UUID_RC_OK)
        pguuid_complain(rc);
 
    return buf;
}
 
 
static void
string_to_uuid(const char *str, uuid_t *uuid)
{
    uuid_rc_t   rc;
 
    rc = uuid_import(uuid, UUID_FMT_STR, str, UUID_LEN_STR + 1);
    if (rc != UUID_RC_OK)
        pguuid_complain(rc);
}
 
 
static Datum
special_uuid_value(const char *name)
{
    uuid_t     *uuid = get_cached_uuid_t(0);
    char       *str;
    uuid_rc_t   rc;
 
    rc = uuid_load(uuid, name);
    if (rc != UUID_RC_OK)
        pguuid_complain(rc);
    str = uuid_to_string(uuid);
 
    return DirectFunctionCall1(uuid_in, CStringGetDatum(str));
}
 
/* len is unused with OSSP, but we want to have the same number of args */
static Datum
uuid_generate_internal(int mode, const uuid_t *ns, const char *name, int len)
{
    uuid_t     *uuid = get_cached_uuid_t(0);
    char       *str;
    uuid_rc_t   rc;
 
    rc = uuid_make(uuid, mode, ns, name);
    if (rc != UUID_RC_OK)
        pguuid_complain(rc);
    str = uuid_to_string(uuid);
 
    return DirectFunctionCall1(uuid_in, CStringGetDatum(str));
}
 
 
static Datum
uuid_generate_v35_internal(int mode, pg_uuid_t *ns, text *name)
{
    uuid_t     *ns_uuid = get_cached_uuid_t(1);
 
    string_to_uuid(DatumGetCString(DirectFunctionCall1(uuid_out,
                                                       UUIDPGetDatum(ns))),
                   ns_uuid);
 
    return uuid_generate_internal(mode,
                                  ns_uuid,
                                  text_to_cstring(name),
                                  0);
}
 
#else                           /* !HAVE_UUID_OSSP */
 
static Datum
uuid_generate_internal(int v, unsigned char *ns, const char *ptr, int len)
{
    char        strbuf[40];
 
    switch (v)
    {
        case 0:                 /* constant-value uuids */
            strlcpy(strbuf, ptr, 37);
            break;
 
        case 1:                 /* time/node-based uuids */
            {
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_E2FS
                uuid_t      uu;
 
                uuid_generate_time(uu);
                uuid_unparse(uu, strbuf);
 
                /*
                 * PTR, if set, replaces the trailing characters of the uuid;
                 * this is to support v1mc, where a random multicast MAC is
                 * used instead of the physical one
                 */
                if (ptr && len <= 36)
                    strcpy(strbuf + (36 - len), ptr);
#else                           /* BSD */
                uuid_t      uu;
                uint32_t    status = uuid_s_ok;
                char       *str = NULL;
 
                uuid_create(&uu, &status);
 
                if (status == uuid_s_ok)
                {
                    uuid_to_string(&uu, &str, &status);
                    if (status == uuid_s_ok)
                    {
                        strlcpy(strbuf, str, 37);
 
                        /*
                         * In recent NetBSD, uuid_create() has started
                         * producing v4 instead of v1 UUIDs.  Check the
                         * version field and complain if it's not v1.
                         */
                        if (strbuf[14] != '1')
                            ereport(ERROR,
                                    (errcode(ERRCODE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE_EXCEPTION),
                            /* translator: %c will be a hex digit */
                                     errmsg("uuid_create() produced a version %c UUID instead of the expected version 1",
                                            strbuf[14])));
 
                        /*
                         * PTR, if set, replaces the trailing characters of
                         * the uuid; this is to support v1mc, where a random
                         * multicast MAC is used instead of the physical one
                         */
                        if (ptr && len <= 36)
                            strcpy(strbuf + (36 - len), ptr);
                    }
                    free(str);
                }
 
                if (status != uuid_s_ok)
                    ereport(ERROR,
                            (errcode(ERRCODE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE_EXCEPTION),
                             errmsg("uuid library failure: %d",
                                    (int) status)));
#endif
                break;
            }
 
        case 3:                 /* namespace-based MD5 uuids */
        case 5:                 /* namespace-based SHA1 uuids */
            {
                dce_uuid_t  uu;
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_BSD
                uint32_t    status = uuid_s_ok;
                char       *str = NULL;
#endif
 
                if (v == 3)
                {
                    pg_cryptohash_ctx *ctx = pg_cryptohash_create(PG_MD5);
 
                    if (pg_cryptohash_init(ctx) < 0)
                        elog(ERROR, "could not initialize %s context: %s", "MD5",
                             pg_cryptohash_error(ctx));
                    if (pg_cryptohash_update(ctx, ns, sizeof(uu)) < 0 ||
                        pg_cryptohash_update(ctx, (unsigned char *) ptr, len) < 0)
                        elog(ERROR, "could not update %s context: %s", "MD5",
                             pg_cryptohash_error(ctx));
                    /* we assume sizeof MD5 result is 16, same as UUID size */
                    if (pg_cryptohash_final(ctx, (unsigned char *) &uu,
                                            sizeof(uu)) < 0)
                        elog(ERROR, "could not finalize %s context: %s", "MD5",
                             pg_cryptohash_error(ctx));
                    pg_cryptohash_free(ctx);
                }
                else
                {
                    pg_cryptohash_ctx *ctx = pg_cryptohash_create(PG_SHA1);
                    unsigned char sha1result[SHA1_DIGEST_LENGTH];
 
                    if (pg_cryptohash_init(ctx) < 0)
                        elog(ERROR, "could not initialize %s context: %s", "SHA1",
                             pg_cryptohash_error(ctx));
                    if (pg_cryptohash_update(ctx, ns, sizeof(uu)) < 0 ||
                        pg_cryptohash_update(ctx, (unsigned char *) ptr, len) < 0)
                        elog(ERROR, "could not update %s context: %s", "SHA1",
                             pg_cryptohash_error(ctx));
                    if (pg_cryptohash_final(ctx, sha1result, sizeof(sha1result)) < 0)
                        elog(ERROR, "could not finalize %s context: %s", "SHA1",
                             pg_cryptohash_error(ctx));
                    pg_cryptohash_free(ctx);
 
                    memcpy(&uu, sha1result, sizeof(uu));
                }
 
                /* the calculated hash is using local order */
                UUID_TO_NETWORK(uu);
                UUID_V3_OR_V5(uu, v);
 
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_E2FS
                /* uuid_unparse expects local order */
                UUID_TO_LOCAL(uu);
                uuid_unparse((unsigned char *) &uu, strbuf);
#else                           /* BSD */
                uuid_to_string(&uu, &str, &status);
 
                if (status == uuid_s_ok)
                    strlcpy(strbuf, str, 37);
 
                free(str);
 
                if (status != uuid_s_ok)
                    ereport(ERROR,
                            (errcode(ERRCODE_EXTERNAL_ROUTINE_EXCEPTION),
                             errmsg("uuid library failure: %d",
                                    (int) status)));
#endif
                break;
            }
 
        case 4:                 /* random uuid */
        default:
            {
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_E2FS
                uuid_t      uu;
 
                uuid_generate_random(uu);
                uuid_unparse(uu, strbuf);
#else                           /* BSD */
                snprintf(strbuf, sizeof(strbuf),
                         "%08lx-%04x-%04x-%04x-%04x%08lx",
                         (unsigned long) arc4random(),
                         (unsigned) (arc4random() & 0xffff),
                         (unsigned) ((arc4random() & 0xfff) | 0x4000),
                         (unsigned) ((arc4random() & 0x3fff) | 0x8000),
                         (unsigned) (arc4random() & 0xffff),
                         (unsigned long) arc4random());
#endif
                break;
            }
    }
 
    return DirectFunctionCall1(uuid_in, CStringGetDatum(strbuf));
}
 
#endif                          /* HAVE_UUID_OSSP */
 
 
Datum
uuid_nil(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    return special_uuid_value("nil");
#else
    return uuid_generate_internal(0, NULL,
                                  "00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000", 36);
#endif
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_ns_dns(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    return special_uuid_value("ns:DNS");
#else
    return uuid_generate_internal(0, NULL,
                                  "6ba7b810-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8", 36);
#endif
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_ns_url(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    return special_uuid_value("ns:URL");
#else
    return uuid_generate_internal(0, NULL,
                                  "6ba7b811-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8", 36);
#endif
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_ns_oid(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    return special_uuid_value("ns:OID");
#else
    return uuid_generate_internal(0, NULL,
                                  "6ba7b812-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8", 36);
#endif
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_ns_x500(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    return special_uuid_value("ns:X500");
#else
    return uuid_generate_internal(0, NULL,
                                  "6ba7b814-9dad-11d1-80b4-00c04fd430c8", 36);
#endif
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_generate_v1(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
    return uuid_generate_internal(UUID_MAKE_V1, NULL, NULL, 0);
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_generate_v1mc(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    char       *buf = NULL;
#elif defined(HAVE_UUID_E2FS)
    char        strbuf[40];
    char       *buf;
    uuid_t      uu;
 
    uuid_generate_random(uu);
 
    /* set IEEE802 multicast and local-admin bits */
    ((dce_uuid_t *) &uu)->node[0] |= 0x03;
 
    uuid_unparse(uu, strbuf);
    buf = strbuf + 24;
#else                           /* BSD */
    char        buf[16];
 
    /* set IEEE802 multicast and local-admin bits */
    snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "-%04x%08lx",
             (unsigned) ((arc4random() & 0xffff) | 0x0300),
             (unsigned long) arc4random());
#endif
 
    return uuid_generate_internal(UUID_MAKE_V1 | UUID_MAKE_MC, NULL,
                                  buf, 13);
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_generate_v3(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
    pg_uuid_t  *ns = PG_GETARG_UUID_P(0);
    text       *name = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
 
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    return uuid_generate_v35_internal(UUID_MAKE_V3, ns, name);
#else
    return uuid_generate_internal(UUID_MAKE_V3, (unsigned char *) ns,
                                  VARDATA_ANY(name), VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(name));
#endif
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_generate_v4(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
    return uuid_generate_internal(UUID_MAKE_V4, NULL, NULL, 0);
}
 
 
Datum
uuid_generate_v5(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
    pg_uuid_t  *ns = PG_GETARG_UUID_P(0);
    text       *name = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(1);
 
#ifdef HAVE_UUID_OSSP
    return uuid_generate_v35_internal(UUID_MAKE_V5, ns, name);
#else
    return uuid_generate_internal(UUID_MAKE_V5, (unsigned char *) ns,
                                  VARDATA_ANY(name), VARSIZE_ANY_EXHDR(name));
#endif
}