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xlog_internal.h
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1 /*
2  * xlog_internal.h
3  *
4  * PostgreSQL write-ahead log internal declarations
5  *
6  * NOTE: this file is intended to contain declarations useful for
7  * manipulating the XLOG files directly, but it is not supposed to be
8  * needed by rmgr routines (redo support for individual record types).
9  * So the XLogRecord typedef and associated stuff appear in xlogrecord.h.
10  *
11  * Note: This file must be includable in both frontend and backend contexts,
12  * to allow stand-alone tools like pg_receivewal to deal with WAL files.
13  *
14  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2024, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
15  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
16  *
17  * src/include/access/xlog_internal.h
18  */
19 #ifndef XLOG_INTERNAL_H
20 #define XLOG_INTERNAL_H
21 
22 #include "access/xlogdefs.h"
23 #include "access/xlogreader.h"
24 #include "datatype/timestamp.h"
25 #include "lib/stringinfo.h"
26 #include "pgtime.h"
27 #include "storage/block.h"
28 #include "storage/relfilelocator.h"
29 
30 
31 /*
32  * Each page of XLOG file has a header like this:
33  */
34 #define XLOG_PAGE_MAGIC 0xD114 /* can be used as WAL version indicator */
35 
36 typedef struct XLogPageHeaderData
37 {
38  uint16 xlp_magic; /* magic value for correctness checks */
39  uint16 xlp_info; /* flag bits, see below */
40  TimeLineID xlp_tli; /* TimeLineID of first record on page */
41  XLogRecPtr xlp_pageaddr; /* XLOG address of this page */
42 
43  /*
44  * When there is not enough space on current page for whole record, we
45  * continue on the next page. xlp_rem_len is the number of bytes
46  * remaining from a previous page; it tracks xl_tot_len in the initial
47  * header. Note that the continuation data isn't necessarily aligned.
48  */
49  uint32 xlp_rem_len; /* total len of remaining data for record */
51 
52 #define SizeOfXLogShortPHD MAXALIGN(sizeof(XLogPageHeaderData))
53 
55 
56 /*
57  * When the XLP_LONG_HEADER flag is set, we store additional fields in the
58  * page header. (This is ordinarily done just in the first page of an
59  * XLOG file.) The additional fields serve to identify the file accurately.
60  */
61 typedef struct XLogLongPageHeaderData
62 {
63  XLogPageHeaderData std; /* standard header fields */
64  uint64 xlp_sysid; /* system identifier from pg_control */
65  uint32 xlp_seg_size; /* just as a cross-check */
66  uint32 xlp_xlog_blcksz; /* just as a cross-check */
68 
69 #define SizeOfXLogLongPHD MAXALIGN(sizeof(XLogLongPageHeaderData))
70 
72 
73 /* When record crosses page boundary, set this flag in new page's header */
74 #define XLP_FIRST_IS_CONTRECORD 0x0001
75 /* This flag indicates a "long" page header */
76 #define XLP_LONG_HEADER 0x0002
77 /* This flag indicates backup blocks starting in this page are optional */
78 #define XLP_BKP_REMOVABLE 0x0004
79 /* Replaces a missing contrecord; see CreateOverwriteContrecordRecord */
80 #define XLP_FIRST_IS_OVERWRITE_CONTRECORD 0x0008
81 /* All defined flag bits in xlp_info (used for validity checking of header) */
82 #define XLP_ALL_FLAGS 0x000F
83 
84 #define XLogPageHeaderSize(hdr) \
85  (((hdr)->xlp_info & XLP_LONG_HEADER) ? SizeOfXLogLongPHD : SizeOfXLogShortPHD)
86 
87 /* wal_segment_size can range from 1MB to 1GB */
88 #define WalSegMinSize 1024 * 1024
89 #define WalSegMaxSize 1024 * 1024 * 1024
90 /* default number of min and max wal segments */
91 #define DEFAULT_MIN_WAL_SEGS 5
92 #define DEFAULT_MAX_WAL_SEGS 64
93 
94 /* check that the given size is a valid wal_segment_size */
95 #define IsPowerOf2(x) (x > 0 && ((x) & ((x)-1)) == 0)
96 #define IsValidWalSegSize(size) \
97  (IsPowerOf2(size) && \
98  ((size) >= WalSegMinSize && (size) <= WalSegMaxSize))
99 
100 #define XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes) \
101  (UINT64CONST(0x100000000) / (wal_segsz_bytes))
102 
103 #define XLogSegNoOffsetToRecPtr(segno, offset, wal_segsz_bytes, dest) \
104  (dest) = (segno) * (wal_segsz_bytes) + (offset)
105 
106 #define XLogSegmentOffset(xlogptr, wal_segsz_bytes) \
107  ((xlogptr) & ((wal_segsz_bytes) - 1))
108 
109 /*
110  * Compute a segment number from an XLogRecPtr.
111  *
112  * For XLByteToSeg, do the computation at face value. For XLByteToPrevSeg,
113  * a boundary byte is taken to be in the previous segment. This is suitable
114  * for deciding which segment to write given a pointer to a record end,
115  * for example.
116  */
117 #define XLByteToSeg(xlrp, logSegNo, wal_segsz_bytes) \
118  logSegNo = (xlrp) / (wal_segsz_bytes)
119 
120 #define XLByteToPrevSeg(xlrp, logSegNo, wal_segsz_bytes) \
121  logSegNo = ((xlrp) - 1) / (wal_segsz_bytes)
122 
123 /*
124  * Convert values of GUCs measured in megabytes to equiv. segment count.
125  * Rounds down.
126  */
127 #define XLogMBVarToSegs(mbvar, wal_segsz_bytes) \
128  ((mbvar) / ((wal_segsz_bytes) / (1024 * 1024)))
129 
130 /*
131  * Is an XLogRecPtr within a particular XLOG segment?
132  *
133  * For XLByteInSeg, do the computation at face value. For XLByteInPrevSeg,
134  * a boundary byte is taken to be in the previous segment.
135  */
136 #define XLByteInSeg(xlrp, logSegNo, wal_segsz_bytes) \
137  (((xlrp) / (wal_segsz_bytes)) == (logSegNo))
138 
139 #define XLByteInPrevSeg(xlrp, logSegNo, wal_segsz_bytes) \
140  ((((xlrp) - 1) / (wal_segsz_bytes)) == (logSegNo))
141 
142 /* Check if an XLogRecPtr value is in a plausible range */
143 #define XRecOffIsValid(xlrp) \
144  ((xlrp) % XLOG_BLCKSZ >= SizeOfXLogShortPHD)
145 
146 /*
147  * The XLog directory and control file (relative to $PGDATA)
148  */
149 #define XLOGDIR "pg_wal"
150 #define XLOG_CONTROL_FILE "global/pg_control"
151 
152 /*
153  * These macros encapsulate knowledge about the exact layout of XLog file
154  * names, timeline history file names, and archive-status file names.
155  */
156 #define MAXFNAMELEN 64
157 
158 /* Length of XLog file name */
159 #define XLOG_FNAME_LEN 24
160 
161 /*
162  * Generate a WAL segment file name. Do not use this function in a helper
163  * function allocating the result generated.
164  */
165 static inline void
166 XLogFileName(char *fname, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, int wal_segsz_bytes)
167 {
168  snprintf(fname, MAXFNAMELEN, "%08X%08X%08X", tli,
169  (uint32) (logSegNo / XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)),
170  (uint32) (logSegNo % XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)));
171 }
172 
173 static inline void
174 XLogFileNameById(char *fname, TimeLineID tli, uint32 log, uint32 seg)
175 {
176  snprintf(fname, MAXFNAMELEN, "%08X%08X%08X", tli, log, seg);
177 }
178 
179 static inline bool
180 IsXLogFileName(const char *fname)
181 {
182  return (strlen(fname) == XLOG_FNAME_LEN && \
183  strspn(fname, "0123456789ABCDEF") == XLOG_FNAME_LEN);
184 }
185 
186 /*
187  * XLOG segment with .partial suffix. Used by pg_receivewal and at end of
188  * archive recovery, when we want to archive a WAL segment but it might not
189  * be complete yet.
190  */
191 static inline bool
192 IsPartialXLogFileName(const char *fname)
193 {
194  return (strlen(fname) == XLOG_FNAME_LEN + strlen(".partial") &&
195  strspn(fname, "0123456789ABCDEF") == XLOG_FNAME_LEN &&
196  strcmp(fname + XLOG_FNAME_LEN, ".partial") == 0);
197 }
198 
199 static inline void
200 XLogFromFileName(const char *fname, TimeLineID *tli, XLogSegNo *logSegNo, int wal_segsz_bytes)
201 {
202  uint32 log;
203  uint32 seg;
204 
205  sscanf(fname, "%08X%08X%08X", tli, &log, &seg);
206  *logSegNo = (uint64) log * XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes) + seg;
207 }
208 
209 static inline void
210 XLogFilePath(char *path, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, int wal_segsz_bytes)
211 {
212  snprintf(path, MAXPGPATH, XLOGDIR "/%08X%08X%08X", tli,
213  (uint32) (logSegNo / XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)),
214  (uint32) (logSegNo % XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)));
215 }
216 
217 static inline void
218 TLHistoryFileName(char *fname, TimeLineID tli)
219 {
220  snprintf(fname, MAXFNAMELEN, "%08X.history", tli);
221 }
222 
223 static inline bool
224 IsTLHistoryFileName(const char *fname)
225 {
226  return (strlen(fname) == 8 + strlen(".history") &&
227  strspn(fname, "0123456789ABCDEF") == 8 &&
228  strcmp(fname + 8, ".history") == 0);
229 }
230 
231 static inline void
233 {
234  snprintf(path, MAXPGPATH, XLOGDIR "/%08X.history", tli);
235 }
236 
237 static inline void
238 StatusFilePath(char *path, const char *xlog, const char *suffix)
239 {
240  snprintf(path, MAXPGPATH, XLOGDIR "/archive_status/%s%s", xlog, suffix);
241 }
242 
243 static inline void
244 BackupHistoryFileName(char *fname, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, XLogRecPtr startpoint, int wal_segsz_bytes)
245 {
246  snprintf(fname, MAXFNAMELEN, "%08X%08X%08X.%08X.backup", tli,
247  (uint32) (logSegNo / XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)),
248  (uint32) (logSegNo % XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)),
249  (uint32) (XLogSegmentOffset(startpoint, wal_segsz_bytes)));
250 }
251 
252 static inline bool
253 IsBackupHistoryFileName(const char *fname)
254 {
255  return (strlen(fname) > XLOG_FNAME_LEN &&
256  strspn(fname, "0123456789ABCDEF") == XLOG_FNAME_LEN &&
257  strcmp(fname + strlen(fname) - strlen(".backup"), ".backup") == 0);
258 }
259 
260 static inline void
261 BackupHistoryFilePath(char *path, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, XLogRecPtr startpoint, int wal_segsz_bytes)
262 {
263  snprintf(path, MAXPGPATH, XLOGDIR "/%08X%08X%08X.%08X.backup", tli,
264  (uint32) (logSegNo / XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)),
265  (uint32) (logSegNo % XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)),
266  (uint32) (XLogSegmentOffset((startpoint), wal_segsz_bytes)));
267 }
268 
269 /*
270  * Information logged when we detect a change in one of the parameters
271  * important for Hot Standby.
272  */
273 typedef struct xl_parameter_change
274 {
284 
285 /* logs restore point */
286 typedef struct xl_restore_point
287 {
291 
292 /* Overwrite of prior contrecord */
294 {
298 
299 /* End of recovery mark, when we don't do an END_OF_RECOVERY checkpoint */
300 typedef struct xl_end_of_recovery
301 {
303  TimeLineID ThisTimeLineID; /* new TLI */
304  TimeLineID PrevTimeLineID; /* previous TLI we forked off from */
306 
307 /*
308  * The functions in xloginsert.c construct a chain of XLogRecData structs
309  * to represent the final WAL record.
310  */
311 typedef struct XLogRecData
312 {
313  struct XLogRecData *next; /* next struct in chain, or NULL */
314  char *data; /* start of rmgr data to include */
315  uint32 len; /* length of rmgr data to include */
317 
318 /*
319  * Recovery target action.
320  */
321 typedef enum
322 {
327 
329 struct XLogRecordBuffer;
330 
331 /*
332  * Method table for resource managers.
333  *
334  * This struct must be kept in sync with the PG_RMGR definition in
335  * rmgr.c.
336  *
337  * rm_identify must return a name for the record based on xl_info (without
338  * reference to the rmid). For example, XLOG_BTREE_VACUUM would be named
339  * "VACUUM". rm_desc can then be called to obtain additional detail for the
340  * record, if available (e.g. the last block).
341  *
342  * rm_mask takes as input a page modified by the resource manager and masks
343  * out bits that shouldn't be flagged by wal_consistency_checking.
344  *
345  * RmgrTable[] is indexed by RmgrId values (see rmgrlist.h). If rm_name is
346  * NULL, the corresponding RmgrTable entry is considered invalid.
347  */
348 typedef struct RmgrData
349 {
350  const char *rm_name;
351  void (*rm_redo) (XLogReaderState *record);
352  void (*rm_desc) (StringInfo buf, XLogReaderState *record);
353  const char *(*rm_identify) (uint8 info);
354  void (*rm_startup) (void);
355  void (*rm_cleanup) (void);
356  void (*rm_mask) (char *pagedata, BlockNumber blkno);
357  void (*rm_decode) (struct LogicalDecodingContext *ctx,
358  struct XLogRecordBuffer *buf);
360 
362 extern void RmgrStartup(void);
363 extern void RmgrCleanup(void);
364 extern void RmgrNotFound(RmgrId rmid);
365 extern void RegisterCustomRmgr(RmgrId rmid, const RmgrData *rmgr);
366 
367 #ifndef FRONTEND
368 static inline bool
370 {
371  return RmgrTable[rmid].rm_name != NULL;
372 }
373 
374 static inline RmgrData
376 {
377  if (unlikely(!RmgrIdExists(rmid)))
378  RmgrNotFound(rmid);
379  return RmgrTable[rmid];
380 }
381 #endif
382 
383 /*
384  * Exported to support xlog switching from checkpointer
385  */
386 extern pg_time_t GetLastSegSwitchData(XLogRecPtr *lastSwitchLSN);
387 extern XLogRecPtr RequestXLogSwitch(bool mark_unimportant);
388 
389 extern void GetOldestRestartPoint(XLogRecPtr *oldrecptr, TimeLineID *oldtli);
390 
391 extern void XLogRecGetBlockRefInfo(XLogReaderState *record, bool pretty,
392  bool detailed_format, StringInfo buf,
393  uint32 *fpi_len);
394 
395 /*
396  * Exported for the functions in timeline.c and xlogarchive.c. Only valid
397  * in the startup process.
398  */
400 extern PGDLLIMPORT bool InArchiveRecovery;
401 extern PGDLLIMPORT bool StandbyMode;
403 
404 #endif /* XLOG_INTERNAL_H */
uint32 BlockNumber
Definition: block.h:31
unsigned short uint16
Definition: c.h:492
unsigned int uint32
Definition: c.h:493
#define PGDLLIMPORT
Definition: c.h:1303
#define unlikely(x)
Definition: c.h:298
unsigned char uint8
Definition: c.h:491
int64 TimestampTz
Definition: timestamp.h:39
#define MAXPGPATH
static char * buf
Definition: pg_test_fsync.c:73
int64 pg_time_t
Definition: pgtime.h:23
#define snprintf
Definition: port.h:238
uint8 RmgrId
Definition: rmgr.h:11
void(* rm_mask)(char *pagedata, BlockNumber blkno)
void(* rm_redo)(XLogReaderState *record)
void(* rm_cleanup)(void)
void(* rm_decode)(struct LogicalDecodingContext *ctx, struct XLogRecordBuffer *buf)
const char * rm_name
void(* rm_startup)(void)
void(* rm_desc)(StringInfo buf, XLogReaderState *record)
XLogPageHeaderData std
Definition: xlog_internal.h:63
TimeLineID xlp_tli
Definition: xlog_internal.h:40
XLogRecPtr xlp_pageaddr
Definition: xlog_internal.h:41
struct XLogRecData * next
XLogReaderState * record
Definition: decode.h:21
TimeLineID PrevTimeLineID
TimestampTz end_time
TimeLineID ThisTimeLineID
char rp_name[MAXFNAMELEN]
TimestampTz rp_time
struct xl_overwrite_contrecord xl_overwrite_contrecord
struct XLogLongPageHeaderData XLogLongPageHeaderData
static RmgrData GetRmgr(RmgrId rmid)
XLogRecPtr RequestXLogSwitch(bool mark_unimportant)
Definition: xlog.c:7894
struct xl_restore_point xl_restore_point
XLogLongPageHeaderData * XLogLongPageHeader
Definition: xlog_internal.h:71
struct XLogRecData XLogRecData
RecoveryTargetAction
@ RECOVERY_TARGET_ACTION_PAUSE
@ RECOVERY_TARGET_ACTION_PROMOTE
@ RECOVERY_TARGET_ACTION_SHUTDOWN
PGDLLIMPORT bool ArchiveRecoveryRequested
Definition: xlogrecovery.c:137
#define XLogSegmentOffset(xlogptr, wal_segsz_bytes)
static bool IsXLogFileName(const char *fname)
void RmgrStartup(void)
Definition: rmgr.c:58
static void XLogFromFileName(const char *fname, TimeLineID *tli, XLogSegNo *logSegNo, int wal_segsz_bytes)
void XLogRecGetBlockRefInfo(XLogReaderState *record, bool pretty, bool detailed_format, StringInfo buf, uint32 *fpi_len)
Definition: xlogdesc.c:216
static bool IsTLHistoryFileName(const char *fname)
#define MAXFNAMELEN
pg_time_t GetLastSegSwitchData(XLogRecPtr *lastSwitchLSN)
Definition: xlog.c:6435
XLogPageHeaderData * XLogPageHeader
Definition: xlog_internal.h:54
#define XLOGDIR
void RmgrCleanup(void)
Definition: rmgr.c:74
#define XLOG_FNAME_LEN
static bool IsBackupHistoryFileName(const char *fname)
static void StatusFilePath(char *path, const char *xlog, const char *suffix)
struct xl_parameter_change xl_parameter_change
static void BackupHistoryFileName(char *fname, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, XLogRecPtr startpoint, int wal_segsz_bytes)
void RmgrNotFound(RmgrId rmid)
Definition: rmgr.c:91
static void XLogFilePath(char *path, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, int wal_segsz_bytes)
PGDLLIMPORT bool StandbyMode
Definition: xlogrecovery.c:147
PGDLLIMPORT bool InArchiveRecovery
Definition: xlogrecovery.c:138
static void XLogFileNameById(char *fname, TimeLineID tli, uint32 log, uint32 seg)
static void XLogFileName(char *fname, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, int wal_segsz_bytes)
void GetOldestRestartPoint(XLogRecPtr *oldrecptr, TimeLineID *oldtli)
Definition: xlog.c:9296
static void TLHistoryFilePath(char *path, TimeLineID tli)
static void BackupHistoryFilePath(char *path, TimeLineID tli, XLogSegNo logSegNo, XLogRecPtr startpoint, int wal_segsz_bytes)
PGDLLIMPORT RmgrData RmgrTable[]
Definition: rmgr.c:50
struct XLogPageHeaderData XLogPageHeaderData
struct xl_end_of_recovery xl_end_of_recovery
struct RmgrData RmgrData
static bool RmgrIdExists(RmgrId rmid)
static void TLHistoryFileName(char *fname, TimeLineID tli)
#define XLogSegmentsPerXLogId(wal_segsz_bytes)
void RegisterCustomRmgr(RmgrId rmid, const RmgrData *rmgr)
Definition: rmgr.c:107
PGDLLIMPORT char * recoveryRestoreCommand
Definition: xlogrecovery.c:82
static bool IsPartialXLogFileName(const char *fname)
uint64 XLogRecPtr
Definition: xlogdefs.h:21
uint32 TimeLineID
Definition: xlogdefs.h:59
uint64 XLogSegNo
Definition: xlogdefs.h:48