pg_plan_advice.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * pg_plan_advice.c
 *    main entrypoints for generating and applying planner advice
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2016-2026, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 *
 *    contrib/pg_plan_advice/pg_plan_advice.c
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"
 
#include "pg_plan_advice.h"
#include "pgpa_ast.h"
#include "pgpa_identifier.h"
#include "pgpa_output.h"
#include "pgpa_planner.h"
#include "pgpa_trove.h"
#include "pgpa_walker.h"
 
#include "commands/defrem.h"
#include "commands/explain.h"
#include "commands/explain_format.h"
#include "commands/explain_state.h"
#include "funcapi.h"
#include "optimizer/planner.h"
#include "storage/dsm_registry.h"
#include "utils/guc.h"
 
PG_MODULE_MAGIC;
 
/* GUC variables */
char       *pg_plan_advice_advice = NULL;
bool        pg_plan_advice_always_store_advice_details = false;
static bool pg_plan_advice_always_explain_supplied_advice = true;
bool        pg_plan_advice_feedback_warnings = false;
bool        pg_plan_advice_trace_mask = false;
 
/* Saved hook value */
static explain_per_plan_hook_type prev_explain_per_plan = NULL;
 
/* Other file-level globals */
static int  es_extension_id;
static MemoryContext pgpa_memory_context = NULL;
static List *advisor_hook_list = NIL;
 
static void pg_plan_advice_explain_option_handler(ExplainState *es,
                                                  DefElem *opt,
                                                  ParseState *pstate);
static void pg_plan_advice_explain_per_plan_hook(PlannedStmt *plannedstmt,
                                                 IntoClause *into,
                                                 ExplainState *es,
                                                 const char *queryString,
                                                 ParamListInfo params,
                                                 QueryEnvironment *queryEnv);
static bool pg_plan_advice_advice_check_hook(char **newval, void **extra,
                                             GucSource source);
static DefElem *find_defelem_by_defname(List *deflist, char *defname);
 
/*
 * Initialize this module.
 */
void
_PG_init(void)
{
    DefineCustomStringVariable("pg_plan_advice.advice",
                               "advice to apply during query planning",
                               NULL,
                               &pg_plan_advice_advice,
                               NULL,
                               PGC_USERSET,
                               0,
                               pg_plan_advice_advice_check_hook,
                               NULL,
                               NULL);
 
    DefineCustomBoolVariable("pg_plan_advice.always_explain_supplied_advice",
                             "EXPLAIN output includes supplied advice even without EXPLAIN (PLAN_ADVICE)",
                             NULL,
                             &pg_plan_advice_always_explain_supplied_advice,
                             true,
                             PGC_USERSET,
                             0,
                             NULL,
                             NULL,
                             NULL);
 
    DefineCustomBoolVariable("pg_plan_advice.always_store_advice_details",
                             "Generate advice strings even when seemingly not required",
                             "Use this option to see generated advice for prepared queries.",
                             &pg_plan_advice_always_store_advice_details,
                             false,
                             PGC_USERSET,
                             0,
                             NULL,
                             NULL,
                             NULL);
 
    DefineCustomBoolVariable("pg_plan_advice.feedback_warnings",
                             "Warn when supplied advice does not apply cleanly",
                             NULL,
                             &pg_plan_advice_feedback_warnings,
                             false,
                             PGC_USERSET,
                             0,
                             NULL,
                             NULL,
                             NULL);
 
    DefineCustomBoolVariable("pg_plan_advice.trace_mask",
                             "Emit debugging messages showing the computed strategy mask for each relation",
                             NULL,
                             &pg_plan_advice_trace_mask,
                             false,
                             PGC_USERSET,
                             0,
                             NULL,
                             NULL,
                             NULL);
 
    MarkGUCPrefixReserved("pg_plan_advice");
 
    /* Get an ID that we can use to cache data in an ExplainState. */
    es_extension_id = GetExplainExtensionId("pg_plan_advice");
 
    /* Register the new EXPLAIN options implemented by this module. */
    RegisterExtensionExplainOption("plan_advice",
                                   pg_plan_advice_explain_option_handler);
 
    /* Install hooks */
    pgpa_planner_install_hooks();
    prev_explain_per_plan = explain_per_plan_hook;
    explain_per_plan_hook = pg_plan_advice_explain_per_plan_hook;
}
 
/*
 * Return a pointer to a memory context where long-lived data managed by this
 * module can be stored.
 */
MemoryContext
pg_plan_advice_get_mcxt(void)
{
    if (pgpa_memory_context == NULL)
        pgpa_memory_context = AllocSetContextCreate(TopMemoryContext,
                                                    "pg_plan_advice",
                                                    ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 
    return pgpa_memory_context;
}
 
/*
 * Was the PLAN_ADVICE option specified and not set to false?
 */
bool
pg_plan_advice_should_explain(ExplainState *es)
{
    bool       *plan_advice = NULL;
 
    if (es != NULL)
        plan_advice = GetExplainExtensionState(es, es_extension_id);
    return plan_advice != NULL && *plan_advice;
}
 
/*
 * Get the advice that should be used while planning a particular query.
 */
char *
pg_plan_advice_get_supplied_query_advice(PlannerGlobal *glob,
                                         Query *parse,
                                         const char *query_string,
                                         int cursorOptions,
                                         ExplainState *es)
{
    ListCell   *lc;
 
    /*
     * If any advisors are loaded, consult them. The first one that produces a
     * non-NULL string wins.
     */
    foreach(lc, advisor_hook_list)
    {
        pg_plan_advice_advisor_hook hook = lfirst(lc);
        char       *advice_string;
 
        advice_string = (*hook) (glob, parse, query_string, cursorOptions, es);
        if (advice_string != NULL)
            return advice_string;
    }
 
    /* Otherwise, just use the value of the GUC. */
    return pg_plan_advice_advice;
}
 
/*
 * Add an advisor, which can supply advice strings to be used during future
 * query planning operations.
 *
 * The advisor should return NULL if it has no advice string to offer for a
 * given query. If multiple advisors are added, they will be consulted in the
 * order added until one of them returns a non-NULL value.
 */
void
pg_plan_advice_add_advisor(pg_plan_advice_advisor_hook hook)
{
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(pg_plan_advice_get_mcxt());
    advisor_hook_list = lappend(advisor_hook_list, hook);
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
 
/*
 * Remove an advisor.
 */
void
pg_plan_advice_remove_advisor(pg_plan_advice_advisor_hook hook)
{
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(pg_plan_advice_get_mcxt());
    advisor_hook_list = list_delete_ptr(advisor_hook_list, hook);
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
 
/*
 * Other loadable modules can use this function to trigger advice generation.
 *
 * Calling this function with activate = true requests that any queries
 * planned afterwards should generate plan advice, which will be stored in the
 * PlannedStmt. Calling this function with activate = false revokes that
 * request. Multiple loadable modules could be using this simultaneously, so
 * make sure to only revoke your own requests.
 *
 * Note that you can't use this function to *suppress* advice generation,
 * which can occur for other reasons, such as the use of EXPLAIN (PLAN_ADVICE),
 * regardless. It's a way of turning advice generation on, not a way of turning
 * it off.
 */
void
pg_plan_advice_request_advice_generation(bool activate)
{
    if (activate)
        pgpa_planner_generate_advice++;
    else
    {
        Assert(pgpa_planner_generate_advice > 0);
        pgpa_planner_generate_advice--;
    }
}
 
/*
 * Handler for EXPLAIN (PLAN_ADVICE).
 */
static void
pg_plan_advice_explain_option_handler(ExplainState *es, DefElem *opt,
                                      ParseState *pstate)
{
    bool       *plan_advice;
 
    plan_advice = GetExplainExtensionState(es, es_extension_id);
 
    if (plan_advice == NULL)
    {
        plan_advice = palloc0_object(bool);
        SetExplainExtensionState(es, es_extension_id, plan_advice);
    }
 
    *plan_advice = defGetBoolean(opt);
}
 
/*
 * Display a string that is likely to consist of multiple lines in EXPLAIN
 * output.
 */
static void
pg_plan_advice_explain_text_multiline(ExplainState *es, char *qlabel,
                                      char *value)
{
    char       *s;
 
    /* For non-text formats, it's best not to add any special handling. */
    if (es->format != EXPLAIN_FORMAT_TEXT)
    {
        ExplainPropertyText(qlabel, value, es);
        return;
    }
 
    /* In text format, if there is no data, display nothing. */
    if (*value == '\0')
        return;
 
    /*
     * It looks nicest to indent each line of the advice separately, beginning
     * on the line below the label.
     */
    ExplainIndentText(es);
    appendStringInfo(es->str, "%s:\n", qlabel);
    es->indent++;
    while ((s = strchr(value, '\n')) != NULL)
    {
        ExplainIndentText(es);
        appendBinaryStringInfo(es->str, value, (s - value) + 1);
        value = s + 1;
    }
 
    /* Don't interpret a terminal newline as a request for an empty line. */
    if (*value != '\0')
    {
        ExplainIndentText(es);
        appendStringInfo(es->str, "%s\n", value);
    }
 
    es->indent--;
}
 
/*
 * Add advice feedback to the EXPLAIN output.
 */
static void
pg_plan_advice_explain_feedback(ExplainState *es, List *feedback)
{
    StringInfoData buf;
 
    initStringInfo(&buf);
    foreach_node(DefElem, item, feedback)
    {
        int         flags = defGetInt32(item);
 
        appendStringInfo(&buf, "%s /* ", item->defname);
        pgpa_trove_append_flags(&buf, flags);
        appendStringInfo(&buf, " */\n");
    }
 
    pg_plan_advice_explain_text_multiline(es, "Supplied Plan Advice",
                                          buf.data);
}
 
/*
 * Add relevant details, if any, to the EXPLAIN output for a single plan.
 */
static void
pg_plan_advice_explain_per_plan_hook(PlannedStmt *plannedstmt,
                                     IntoClause *into,
                                     ExplainState *es,
                                     const char *queryString,
                                     ParamListInfo params,
                                     QueryEnvironment *queryEnv)
{
    bool        should_explain;
    DefElem    *pgpa_item;
    List       *pgpa_list;
 
    if (prev_explain_per_plan)
        prev_explain_per_plan(plannedstmt, into, es, queryString, params,
                              queryEnv);
 
    /* Should an advice string be part of the EXPLAIN output? */
    should_explain = pg_plan_advice_should_explain(es);
 
    /* Find any data pgpa_planner_shutdown stashed in the PlannedStmt. */
    pgpa_item = find_defelem_by_defname(plannedstmt->extension_state,
                                        "pg_plan_advice");
    pgpa_list = pgpa_item == NULL ? NULL : (List *) pgpa_item->arg;
 
    /*
     * By default, if there is a record of attempting to apply advice during
     * query planning, we always output that information, but the user can set
     * pg_plan_advice.always_explain_supplied_advice = false to suppress that
     * behavior. If they do, we'll only display it when the PLAN_ADVICE option
     * was specified and not set to false.
     *
     * NB: If we're explaining a query planned beforehand -- i.e. a prepared
     * statement -- the application of query advice may not have been
     * recorded, and therefore this won't be able to show anything. Use
     * pg_plan_advice.always_store_advice_details = true to work around this.
     */
    if (pgpa_list != NULL && (pg_plan_advice_always_explain_supplied_advice ||
                              should_explain))
    {
        DefElem    *feedback;
 
        feedback = find_defelem_by_defname(pgpa_list, "feedback");
        if (feedback != NULL)
            pg_plan_advice_explain_feedback(es, (List *) feedback->arg);
    }
 
    /*
     * If the PLAN_ADVICE option was specified -- and not set to FALSE -- show
     * generated advice.
     */
    if (should_explain)
    {
        DefElem    *advice_string_item;
        char       *advice_string = NULL;
 
        advice_string_item =
            find_defelem_by_defname(pgpa_list, "advice_string");
        if (advice_string_item != NULL)
        {
            advice_string = strVal(advice_string_item->arg);
            pg_plan_advice_explain_text_multiline(es, "Generated Plan Advice",
                                                  advice_string);
        }
    }
}
 
/*
 * Check hook for pg_plan_advice.advice
 */
static bool
pg_plan_advice_advice_check_hook(char **newval, void **extra, GucSource source)
{
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
    MemoryContext tmpcontext;
    char       *error;
 
    if (*newval == NULL)
        return true;
 
    tmpcontext = AllocSetContextCreate(CurrentMemoryContext,
                                       "pg_plan_advice.advice",
                                       ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(tmpcontext);
 
    /*
     * It would be nice to save the parse tree that we construct here for
     * eventual use when planning with this advice, but *extra can only point
     * to a single guc_malloc'd chunk, and our parse tree involves an
     * arbitrary number of memory allocations.
     */
    (void) pgpa_parse(*newval, &error);
 
    if (error != NULL)
        GUC_check_errdetail("Could not parse advice: %s", error);
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
    MemoryContextDelete(tmpcontext);
 
    return (error == NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Search a list of DefElem objects for a given defname.
 */
static DefElem *
find_defelem_by_defname(List *deflist, char *defname)
{
    foreach_node(DefElem, item, deflist)
    {
        if (strcmp(item->defname, defname) == 0)
            return item;
    }
 
    return NULL;
}