nodeHashjoin.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * nodeHashjoin.c
 *    Routines to handle hash join nodes
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2017, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *    src/backend/executor/nodeHashjoin.c
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */

#include "postgres.h"

#include "access/htup_details.h"
#include "executor/executor.h"
#include "executor/hashjoin.h"
#include "executor/nodeHash.h"
#include "executor/nodeHashjoin.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"


/*
 * States of the ExecHashJoin state machine
 */
#define HJ_BUILD_HASHTABLE      1
#define HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER       2
#define HJ_SCAN_BUCKET          3
#define HJ_FILL_OUTER_TUPLE     4
#define HJ_FILL_INNER_TUPLES    5
#define HJ_NEED_NEW_BATCH       6

/* Returns true if doing null-fill on outer relation */
#define HJ_FILL_OUTER(hjstate)  ((hjstate)->hj_NullInnerTupleSlot != NULL)
/* Returns true if doing null-fill on inner relation */
#define HJ_FILL_INNER(hjstate)  ((hjstate)->hj_NullOuterTupleSlot != NULL)

static TupleTableSlot *ExecHashJoinOuterGetTuple(PlanState *outerNode,
                          HashJoinState *hjstate,
                          uint32 *hashvalue);
static TupleTableSlot *ExecHashJoinGetSavedTuple(HashJoinState *hjstate,
                          BufFile *file,
                          uint32 *hashvalue,
                          TupleTableSlot *tupleSlot);
static bool ExecHashJoinNewBatch(HashJoinState *hjstate);


/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *      ExecHashJoin
 *
 *      This function implements the Hybrid Hashjoin algorithm.
 *
 *      Note: the relation we build hash table on is the "inner"
 *            the other one is "outer".
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */
static TupleTableSlot *         /* return: a tuple or NULL */
ExecHashJoin(PlanState *pstate)
{
    HashJoinState *node = castNode(HashJoinState, pstate);
    PlanState  *outerNode;
    HashState  *hashNode;
    ExprState  *joinqual;
    ExprState  *otherqual;
    ExprContext *econtext;
    HashJoinTable hashtable;
    TupleTableSlot *outerTupleSlot;
    uint32      hashvalue;
    int         batchno;

    /*
     * get information from HashJoin node
     */
    joinqual = node->js.joinqual;
    otherqual = node->js.ps.qual;
    hashNode = (HashState *) innerPlanState(node);
    outerNode = outerPlanState(node);
    hashtable = node->hj_HashTable;
    econtext = node->js.ps.ps_ExprContext;

    /*
     * Reset per-tuple memory context to free any expression evaluation
     * storage allocated in the previous tuple cycle.
     */
    ResetExprContext(econtext);

    /*
     * run the hash join state machine
     */
    for (;;)
    {
        /*
         * It's possible to iterate this loop many times before returning a
         * tuple, in some pathological cases such as needing to move much of
         * the current batch to a later batch.  So let's check for interrupts
         * each time through.
         */
        CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();

        switch (node->hj_JoinState)
        {
            case HJ_BUILD_HASHTABLE:

                /*
                 * First time through: build hash table for inner relation.
                 */
                Assert(hashtable == NULL);

                /*
                 * If the outer relation is completely empty, and it's not
                 * right/full join, we can quit without building the hash
                 * table.  However, for an inner join it is only a win to
                 * check this when the outer relation's startup cost is less
                 * than the projected cost of building the hash table.
                 * Otherwise it's best to build the hash table first and see
                 * if the inner relation is empty.  (When it's a left join, we
                 * should always make this check, since we aren't going to be
                 * able to skip the join on the strength of an empty inner
                 * relation anyway.)
                 *
                 * If we are rescanning the join, we make use of information
                 * gained on the previous scan: don't bother to try the
                 * prefetch if the previous scan found the outer relation
                 * nonempty. This is not 100% reliable since with new
                 * parameters the outer relation might yield different
                 * results, but it's a good heuristic.
                 *
                 * The only way to make the check is to try to fetch a tuple
                 * from the outer plan node.  If we succeed, we have to stash
                 * it away for later consumption by ExecHashJoinOuterGetTuple.
                 */
                if (HJ_FILL_INNER(node))
                {
                    /* no chance to not build the hash table */
                    node->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot = NULL;
                }
                else if (HJ_FILL_OUTER(node) ||
                         (outerNode->plan->startup_cost < hashNode->ps.plan->total_cost &&
                          !node->hj_OuterNotEmpty))
                {
                    node->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot = ExecProcNode(outerNode);
                    if (TupIsNull(node->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot))
                    {
                        node->hj_OuterNotEmpty = false;
                        return NULL;
                    }
                    else
                        node->hj_OuterNotEmpty = true;
                }
                else
                    node->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot = NULL;

                /*
                 * create the hash table
                 */
                hashtable = ExecHashTableCreate((Hash *) hashNode->ps.plan,
                                                node->hj_HashOperators,
                                                HJ_FILL_INNER(node));
                node->hj_HashTable = hashtable;

                /*
                 * execute the Hash node, to build the hash table
                 */
                hashNode->hashtable = hashtable;
                (void) MultiExecProcNode((PlanState *) hashNode);

                /*
                 * If the inner relation is completely empty, and we're not
                 * doing a left outer join, we can quit without scanning the
                 * outer relation.
                 */
                if (hashtable->totalTuples == 0 && !HJ_FILL_OUTER(node))
                    return NULL;

                /*
                 * need to remember whether nbatch has increased since we
                 * began scanning the outer relation
                 */
                hashtable->nbatch_outstart = hashtable->nbatch;

                /*
                 * Reset OuterNotEmpty for scan.  (It's OK if we fetched a
                 * tuple above, because ExecHashJoinOuterGetTuple will
                 * immediately set it again.)
                 */
                node->hj_OuterNotEmpty = false;

                node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER;

                /* FALL THRU */

            case HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER:

                /*
                 * We don't have an outer tuple, try to get the next one
                 */
                outerTupleSlot = ExecHashJoinOuterGetTuple(outerNode,
                                                           node,
                                                           &hashvalue);
                if (TupIsNull(outerTupleSlot))
                {
                    /* end of batch, or maybe whole join */
                    if (HJ_FILL_INNER(node))
                    {
                        /* set up to scan for unmatched inner tuples */
                        ExecPrepHashTableForUnmatched(node);
                        node->hj_JoinState = HJ_FILL_INNER_TUPLES;
                    }
                    else
                        node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_BATCH;
                    continue;
                }

                econtext->ecxt_outertuple = outerTupleSlot;
                node->hj_MatchedOuter = false;

                /*
                 * Find the corresponding bucket for this tuple in the main
                 * hash table or skew hash table.
                 */
                node->hj_CurHashValue = hashvalue;
                ExecHashGetBucketAndBatch(hashtable, hashvalue,
                                          &node->hj_CurBucketNo, &batchno);
                node->hj_CurSkewBucketNo = ExecHashGetSkewBucket(hashtable,
                                                                 hashvalue);
                node->hj_CurTuple = NULL;

                /*
                 * The tuple might not belong to the current batch (where
                 * "current batch" includes the skew buckets if any).
                 */
                if (batchno != hashtable->curbatch &&
                    node->hj_CurSkewBucketNo == INVALID_SKEW_BUCKET_NO)
                {
                    /*
                     * Need to postpone this outer tuple to a later batch.
                     * Save it in the corresponding outer-batch file.
                     */
                    Assert(batchno > hashtable->curbatch);
                    ExecHashJoinSaveTuple(ExecFetchSlotMinimalTuple(outerTupleSlot),
                                          hashvalue,
                                          &hashtable->outerBatchFile[batchno]);
                    /* Loop around, staying in HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER state */
                    continue;
                }

                /* OK, let's scan the bucket for matches */
                node->hj_JoinState = HJ_SCAN_BUCKET;

                /* FALL THRU */

            case HJ_SCAN_BUCKET:

                /*
                 * Scan the selected hash bucket for matches to current outer
                 */
                if (!ExecScanHashBucket(node, econtext))
                {
                    /* out of matches; check for possible outer-join fill */
                    node->hj_JoinState = HJ_FILL_OUTER_TUPLE;
                    continue;
                }

                /*
                 * We've got a match, but still need to test non-hashed quals.
                 * ExecScanHashBucket already set up all the state needed to
                 * call ExecQual.
                 *
                 * If we pass the qual, then save state for next call and have
                 * ExecProject form the projection, store it in the tuple
                 * table, and return the slot.
                 *
                 * Only the joinquals determine tuple match status, but all
                 * quals must pass to actually return the tuple.
                 */
                if (joinqual == NULL || ExecQual(joinqual, econtext))
                {
                    node->hj_MatchedOuter = true;
                    HeapTupleHeaderSetMatch(HJTUPLE_MINTUPLE(node->hj_CurTuple));

                    /* In an antijoin, we never return a matched tuple */
                    if (node->js.jointype == JOIN_ANTI)
                    {
                        node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER;
                        continue;
                    }

                    /*
                     * If we only need to join to the first matching inner
                     * tuple, then consider returning this one, but after that
                     * continue with next outer tuple.
                     */
                    if (node->js.single_match)
                        node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER;

                    if (otherqual == NULL || ExecQual(otherqual, econtext))
                        return ExecProject(node->js.ps.ps_ProjInfo);
                    else
                        InstrCountFiltered2(node, 1);
                }
                else
                    InstrCountFiltered1(node, 1);
                break;

            case HJ_FILL_OUTER_TUPLE:

                /*
                 * The current outer tuple has run out of matches, so check
                 * whether to emit a dummy outer-join tuple.  Whether we emit
                 * one or not, the next state is NEED_NEW_OUTER.
                 */
                node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER;

                if (!node->hj_MatchedOuter &&
                    HJ_FILL_OUTER(node))
                {
                    /*
                     * Generate a fake join tuple with nulls for the inner
                     * tuple, and return it if it passes the non-join quals.
                     */
                    econtext->ecxt_innertuple = node->hj_NullInnerTupleSlot;

                    if (otherqual == NULL || ExecQual(otherqual, econtext))
                        return ExecProject(node->js.ps.ps_ProjInfo);
                    else
                        InstrCountFiltered2(node, 1);
                }
                break;

            case HJ_FILL_INNER_TUPLES:

                /*
                 * We have finished a batch, but we are doing right/full join,
                 * so any unmatched inner tuples in the hashtable have to be
                 * emitted before we continue to the next batch.
                 */
                if (!ExecScanHashTableForUnmatched(node, econtext))
                {
                    /* no more unmatched tuples */
                    node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_BATCH;
                    continue;
                }

                /*
                 * Generate a fake join tuple with nulls for the outer tuple,
                 * and return it if it passes the non-join quals.
                 */
                econtext->ecxt_outertuple = node->hj_NullOuterTupleSlot;

                if (otherqual == NULL || ExecQual(otherqual, econtext))
                    return ExecProject(node->js.ps.ps_ProjInfo);
                else
                    InstrCountFiltered2(node, 1);
                break;

            case HJ_NEED_NEW_BATCH:

                /*
                 * Try to advance to next batch.  Done if there are no more.
                 */
                if (!ExecHashJoinNewBatch(node))
                    return NULL;    /* end of join */
                node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER;
                break;

            default:
                elog(ERROR, "unrecognized hashjoin state: %d",
                     (int) node->hj_JoinState);
        }
    }
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *      ExecInitHashJoin
 *
 *      Init routine for HashJoin node.
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */
HashJoinState *
ExecInitHashJoin(HashJoin *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
{
    HashJoinState *hjstate;
    Plan       *outerNode;
    Hash       *hashNode;
    List       *lclauses;
    List       *rclauses;
    List       *hoperators;
    ListCell   *l;

    /* check for unsupported flags */
    Assert(!(eflags & (EXEC_FLAG_BACKWARD | EXEC_FLAG_MARK)));

    /*
     * create state structure
     */
    hjstate = makeNode(HashJoinState);
    hjstate->js.ps.plan = (Plan *) node;
    hjstate->js.ps.state = estate;
    hjstate->js.ps.ExecProcNode = ExecHashJoin;

    /*
     * Miscellaneous initialization
     *
     * create expression context for node
     */
    ExecAssignExprContext(estate, &hjstate->js.ps);

    /*
     * initialize child expressions
     */
    hjstate->js.ps.qual =
        ExecInitQual(node->join.plan.qual, (PlanState *) hjstate);
    hjstate->js.jointype = node->join.jointype;
    hjstate->js.joinqual =
        ExecInitQual(node->join.joinqual, (PlanState *) hjstate);
    hjstate->hashclauses =
        ExecInitQual(node->hashclauses, (PlanState *) hjstate);

    /*
     * initialize child nodes
     *
     * Note: we could suppress the REWIND flag for the inner input, which
     * would amount to betting that the hash will be a single batch.  Not
     * clear if this would be a win or not.
     */
    outerNode = outerPlan(node);
    hashNode = (Hash *) innerPlan(node);

    outerPlanState(hjstate) = ExecInitNode(outerNode, estate, eflags);
    innerPlanState(hjstate) = ExecInitNode((Plan *) hashNode, estate, eflags);

    /*
     * tuple table initialization
     */
    ExecInitResultTupleSlot(estate, &hjstate->js.ps);
    hjstate->hj_OuterTupleSlot = ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(estate);

    /*
     * detect whether we need only consider the first matching inner tuple
     */
    hjstate->js.single_match = (node->join.inner_unique ||
                                node->join.jointype == JOIN_SEMI);

    /* set up null tuples for outer joins, if needed */
    switch (node->join.jointype)
    {
        case JOIN_INNER:
        case JOIN_SEMI:
            break;
        case JOIN_LEFT:
        case JOIN_ANTI:
            hjstate->hj_NullInnerTupleSlot =
                ExecInitNullTupleSlot(estate,
                                      ExecGetResultType(innerPlanState(hjstate)));
            break;
        case JOIN_RIGHT:
            hjstate->hj_NullOuterTupleSlot =
                ExecInitNullTupleSlot(estate,
                                      ExecGetResultType(outerPlanState(hjstate)));
            break;
        case JOIN_FULL:
            hjstate->hj_NullOuterTupleSlot =
                ExecInitNullTupleSlot(estate,
                                      ExecGetResultType(outerPlanState(hjstate)));
            hjstate->hj_NullInnerTupleSlot =
                ExecInitNullTupleSlot(estate,
                                      ExecGetResultType(innerPlanState(hjstate)));
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized join type: %d",
                 (int) node->join.jointype);
    }

    /*
     * now for some voodoo.  our temporary tuple slot is actually the result
     * tuple slot of the Hash node (which is our inner plan).  we can do this
     * because Hash nodes don't return tuples via ExecProcNode() -- instead
     * the hash join node uses ExecScanHashBucket() to get at the contents of
     * the hash table.  -cim 6/9/91
     */
    {
        HashState  *hashstate = (HashState *) innerPlanState(hjstate);
        TupleTableSlot *slot = hashstate->ps.ps_ResultTupleSlot;

        hjstate->hj_HashTupleSlot = slot;
    }

    /*
     * initialize tuple type and projection info
     */
    ExecAssignResultTypeFromTL(&hjstate->js.ps);
    ExecAssignProjectionInfo(&hjstate->js.ps, NULL);

    ExecSetSlotDescriptor(hjstate->hj_OuterTupleSlot,
                          ExecGetResultType(outerPlanState(hjstate)));

    /*
     * initialize hash-specific info
     */
    hjstate->hj_HashTable = NULL;
    hjstate->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot = NULL;

    hjstate->hj_CurHashValue = 0;
    hjstate->hj_CurBucketNo = 0;
    hjstate->hj_CurSkewBucketNo = INVALID_SKEW_BUCKET_NO;
    hjstate->hj_CurTuple = NULL;

    /*
     * Deconstruct the hash clauses into outer and inner argument values, so
     * that we can evaluate those subexpressions separately.  Also make a list
     * of the hash operator OIDs, in preparation for looking up the hash
     * functions to use.
     */
    lclauses = NIL;
    rclauses = NIL;
    hoperators = NIL;
    foreach(l, node->hashclauses)
    {
        OpExpr     *hclause = lfirst_node(OpExpr, l);

        lclauses = lappend(lclauses, ExecInitExpr(linitial(hclause->args),
                                                  (PlanState *) hjstate));
        rclauses = lappend(rclauses, ExecInitExpr(lsecond(hclause->args),
                                                  (PlanState *) hjstate));
        hoperators = lappend_oid(hoperators, hclause->opno);
    }
    hjstate->hj_OuterHashKeys = lclauses;
    hjstate->hj_InnerHashKeys = rclauses;
    hjstate->hj_HashOperators = hoperators;
    /* child Hash node needs to evaluate inner hash keys, too */
    ((HashState *) innerPlanState(hjstate))->hashkeys = rclauses;

    hjstate->hj_JoinState = HJ_BUILD_HASHTABLE;
    hjstate->hj_MatchedOuter = false;
    hjstate->hj_OuterNotEmpty = false;

    return hjstate;
}

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------
 *      ExecEndHashJoin
 *
 *      clean up routine for HashJoin node
 * ----------------------------------------------------------------
 */
void
ExecEndHashJoin(HashJoinState *node)
{
    /*
     * Free hash table
     */
    if (node->hj_HashTable)
    {
        ExecHashTableDestroy(node->hj_HashTable);
        node->hj_HashTable = NULL;
    }

    /*
     * Free the exprcontext
     */
    ExecFreeExprContext(&node->js.ps);

    /*
     * clean out the tuple table
     */
    ExecClearTuple(node->js.ps.ps_ResultTupleSlot);
    ExecClearTuple(node->hj_OuterTupleSlot);
    ExecClearTuple(node->hj_HashTupleSlot);

    /*
     * clean up subtrees
     */
    ExecEndNode(outerPlanState(node));
    ExecEndNode(innerPlanState(node));
}

/*
 * ExecHashJoinOuterGetTuple
 *
 *      get the next outer tuple for hashjoin: either by
 *      executing the outer plan node in the first pass, or from
 *      the temp files for the hashjoin batches.
 *
 * Returns a null slot if no more outer tuples (within the current batch).
 *
 * On success, the tuple's hash value is stored at *hashvalue --- this is
 * either originally computed, or re-read from the temp file.
 */
static TupleTableSlot *
ExecHashJoinOuterGetTuple(PlanState *outerNode,
                          HashJoinState *hjstate,
                          uint32 *hashvalue)
{
    HashJoinTable hashtable = hjstate->hj_HashTable;
    int         curbatch = hashtable->curbatch;
    TupleTableSlot *slot;

    if (curbatch == 0)          /* if it is the first pass */
    {
        /*
         * Check to see if first outer tuple was already fetched by
         * ExecHashJoin() and not used yet.
         */
        slot = hjstate->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot;
        if (!TupIsNull(slot))
            hjstate->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot = NULL;
        else
            slot = ExecProcNode(outerNode);

        while (!TupIsNull(slot))
        {
            /*
             * We have to compute the tuple's hash value.
             */
            ExprContext *econtext = hjstate->js.ps.ps_ExprContext;

            econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot;
            if (ExecHashGetHashValue(hashtable, econtext,
                                     hjstate->hj_OuterHashKeys,
                                     true,  /* outer tuple */
                                     HJ_FILL_OUTER(hjstate),
                                     hashvalue))
            {
                /* remember outer relation is not empty for possible rescan */
                hjstate->hj_OuterNotEmpty = true;

                return slot;
            }

            /*
             * That tuple couldn't match because of a NULL, so discard it and
             * continue with the next one.
             */
            slot = ExecProcNode(outerNode);
        }
    }
    else if (curbatch < hashtable->nbatch)
    {
        BufFile    *file = hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch];

        /*
         * In outer-join cases, we could get here even though the batch file
         * is empty.
         */
        if (file == NULL)
            return NULL;

        slot = ExecHashJoinGetSavedTuple(hjstate,
                                         file,
                                         hashvalue,
                                         hjstate->hj_OuterTupleSlot);
        if (!TupIsNull(slot))
            return slot;
    }

    /* End of this batch */
    return NULL;
}

/*
 * ExecHashJoinNewBatch
 *      switch to a new hashjoin batch
 *
 * Returns true if successful, false if there are no more batches.
 */
static bool
ExecHashJoinNewBatch(HashJoinState *hjstate)
{
    HashJoinTable hashtable = hjstate->hj_HashTable;
    int         nbatch;
    int         curbatch;
    BufFile    *innerFile;
    TupleTableSlot *slot;
    uint32      hashvalue;

    nbatch = hashtable->nbatch;
    curbatch = hashtable->curbatch;

    if (curbatch > 0)
    {
        /*
         * We no longer need the previous outer batch file; close it right
         * away to free disk space.
         */
        if (hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch])
            BufFileClose(hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch]);
        hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch] = NULL;
    }
    else                        /* we just finished the first batch */
    {
        /*
         * Reset some of the skew optimization state variables, since we no
         * longer need to consider skew tuples after the first batch. The
         * memory context reset we are about to do will release the skew
         * hashtable itself.
         */
        hashtable->skewEnabled = false;
        hashtable->skewBucket = NULL;
        hashtable->skewBucketNums = NULL;
        hashtable->nSkewBuckets = 0;
        hashtable->spaceUsedSkew = 0;
    }

    /*
     * We can always skip over any batches that are completely empty on both
     * sides.  We can sometimes skip over batches that are empty on only one
     * side, but there are exceptions:
     *
     * 1. In a left/full outer join, we have to process outer batches even if
     * the inner batch is empty.  Similarly, in a right/full outer join, we
     * have to process inner batches even if the outer batch is empty.
     *
     * 2. If we have increased nbatch since the initial estimate, we have to
     * scan inner batches since they might contain tuples that need to be
     * reassigned to later inner batches.
     *
     * 3. Similarly, if we have increased nbatch since starting the outer
     * scan, we have to rescan outer batches in case they contain tuples that
     * need to be reassigned.
     */
    curbatch++;
    while (curbatch < nbatch &&
           (hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch] == NULL ||
            hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch] == NULL))
    {
        if (hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch] &&
            HJ_FILL_OUTER(hjstate))
            break;              /* must process due to rule 1 */
        if (hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch] &&
            HJ_FILL_INNER(hjstate))
            break;              /* must process due to rule 1 */
        if (hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch] &&
            nbatch != hashtable->nbatch_original)
            break;              /* must process due to rule 2 */
        if (hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch] &&
            nbatch != hashtable->nbatch_outstart)
            break;              /* must process due to rule 3 */
        /* We can ignore this batch. */
        /* Release associated temp files right away. */
        if (hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch])
            BufFileClose(hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch]);
        hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch] = NULL;
        if (hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch])
            BufFileClose(hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch]);
        hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch] = NULL;
        curbatch++;
    }

    if (curbatch >= nbatch)
        return false;           /* no more batches */

    hashtable->curbatch = curbatch;

    /*
     * Reload the hash table with the new inner batch (which could be empty)
     */
    ExecHashTableReset(hashtable);

    innerFile = hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch];

    if (innerFile != NULL)
    {
        if (BufFileSeek(innerFile, 0, 0L, SEEK_SET))
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode_for_file_access(),
                     errmsg("could not rewind hash-join temporary file: %m")));

        while ((slot = ExecHashJoinGetSavedTuple(hjstate,
                                                 innerFile,
                                                 &hashvalue,
                                                 hjstate->hj_HashTupleSlot)))
        {
            /*
             * NOTE: some tuples may be sent to future batches.  Also, it is
             * possible for hashtable->nbatch to be increased here!
             */
            ExecHashTableInsert(hashtable, slot, hashvalue);
        }

        /*
         * after we build the hash table, the inner batch file is no longer
         * needed
         */
        BufFileClose(innerFile);
        hashtable->innerBatchFile[curbatch] = NULL;
    }

    /*
     * Rewind outer batch file (if present), so that we can start reading it.
     */
    if (hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch] != NULL)
    {
        if (BufFileSeek(hashtable->outerBatchFile[curbatch], 0, 0L, SEEK_SET))
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode_for_file_access(),
                     errmsg("could not rewind hash-join temporary file: %m")));
    }

    return true;
}

/*
 * ExecHashJoinSaveTuple
 *      save a tuple to a batch file.
 *
 * The data recorded in the file for each tuple is its hash value,
 * then the tuple in MinimalTuple format.
 *
 * Note: it is important always to call this in the regular executor
 * context, not in a shorter-lived context; else the temp file buffers
 * will get messed up.
 */
void
ExecHashJoinSaveTuple(MinimalTuple tuple, uint32 hashvalue,
                      BufFile **fileptr)
{
    BufFile    *file = *fileptr;
    size_t      written;

    if (file == NULL)
    {
        /* First write to this batch file, so open it. */
        file = BufFileCreateTemp(false);
        *fileptr = file;
    }

    written = BufFileWrite(file, (void *) &hashvalue, sizeof(uint32));
    if (written != sizeof(uint32))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode_for_file_access(),
                 errmsg("could not write to hash-join temporary file: %m")));

    written = BufFileWrite(file, (void *) tuple, tuple->t_len);
    if (written != tuple->t_len)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode_for_file_access(),
                 errmsg("could not write to hash-join temporary file: %m")));
}

/*
 * ExecHashJoinGetSavedTuple
 *      read the next tuple from a batch file.  Return NULL if no more.
 *
 * On success, *hashvalue is set to the tuple's hash value, and the tuple
 * itself is stored in the given slot.
 */
static TupleTableSlot *
ExecHashJoinGetSavedTuple(HashJoinState *hjstate,
                          BufFile *file,
                          uint32 *hashvalue,
                          TupleTableSlot *tupleSlot)
{
    uint32      header[2];
    size_t      nread;
    MinimalTuple tuple;

    /*
     * We check for interrupts here because this is typically taken as an
     * alternative code path to an ExecProcNode() call, which would include
     * such a check.
     */
    CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();

    /*
     * Since both the hash value and the MinimalTuple length word are uint32,
     * we can read them both in one BufFileRead() call without any type
     * cheating.
     */
    nread = BufFileRead(file, (void *) header, sizeof(header));
    if (nread == 0)             /* end of file */
    {
        ExecClearTuple(tupleSlot);
        return NULL;
    }
    if (nread != sizeof(header))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode_for_file_access(),
                 errmsg("could not read from hash-join temporary file: %m")));
    *hashvalue = header[0];
    tuple = (MinimalTuple) palloc(header[1]);
    tuple->t_len = header[1];
    nread = BufFileRead(file,
                        (void *) ((char *) tuple + sizeof(uint32)),
                        header[1] - sizeof(uint32));
    if (nread != header[1] - sizeof(uint32))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode_for_file_access(),
                 errmsg("could not read from hash-join temporary file: %m")));
    return ExecStoreMinimalTuple(tuple, tupleSlot, true);
}


void
ExecReScanHashJoin(HashJoinState *node)
{
    /*
     * In a multi-batch join, we currently have to do rescans the hard way,
     * primarily because batch temp files may have already been released. But
     * if it's a single-batch join, and there is no parameter change for the
     * inner subnode, then we can just re-use the existing hash table without
     * rebuilding it.
     */
    if (node->hj_HashTable != NULL)
    {
        if (node->hj_HashTable->nbatch == 1 &&
            node->js.ps.righttree->chgParam == NULL)
        {
            /*
             * Okay to reuse the hash table; needn't rescan inner, either.
             *
             * However, if it's a right/full join, we'd better reset the
             * inner-tuple match flags contained in the table.
             */
            if (HJ_FILL_INNER(node))
                ExecHashTableResetMatchFlags(node->hj_HashTable);

            /*
             * Also, we need to reset our state about the emptiness of the
             * outer relation, so that the new scan of the outer will update
             * it correctly if it turns out to be empty this time. (There's no
             * harm in clearing it now because ExecHashJoin won't need the
             * info.  In the other cases, where the hash table doesn't exist
             * or we are destroying it, we leave this state alone because
             * ExecHashJoin will need it the first time through.)
             */
            node->hj_OuterNotEmpty = false;

            /* ExecHashJoin can skip the BUILD_HASHTABLE step */
            node->hj_JoinState = HJ_NEED_NEW_OUTER;
        }
        else
        {
            /* must destroy and rebuild hash table */
            ExecHashTableDestroy(node->hj_HashTable);
            node->hj_HashTable = NULL;
            node->hj_JoinState = HJ_BUILD_HASHTABLE;

            /*
             * if chgParam of subnode is not null then plan will be re-scanned
             * by first ExecProcNode.
             */
            if (node->js.ps.righttree->chgParam == NULL)
                ExecReScan(node->js.ps.righttree);
        }
    }

    /* Always reset intra-tuple state */
    node->hj_CurHashValue = 0;
    node->hj_CurBucketNo = 0;
    node->hj_CurSkewBucketNo = INVALID_SKEW_BUCKET_NO;
    node->hj_CurTuple = NULL;

    node->hj_MatchedOuter = false;
    node->hj_FirstOuterTupleSlot = NULL;

    /*
     * if chgParam of subnode is not null then plan will be re-scanned by
     * first ExecProcNode.
     */
    if (node->js.ps.lefttree->chgParam == NULL)
        ExecReScan(node->js.ps.lefttree);
}