fe-connect.c File Reference

#include "postgres_fe.h"
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include "common/ip.h"
#include "common/link-canary.h"
#include "common/scram-common.h"
#include "common/string.h"
#include "fe-auth.h"
#include "libpq-fe.h"
#include "libpq-int.h"
#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
#include "pg_config_paths.h"
#include "port/pg_bswap.h"
#include <sys/socket.h>
#include <netdb.h>
#include <netinet/in.h>

Include dependency graph for fe-connect.c:

Go to the source code of this file.

Data Structures
struct	_internalPQconninfoOption

Macros
#define	PGPASSFILE   ".pgpass"
#define	ERRCODE_APPNAME_UNKNOWN   "42704"
#define	ERRCODE_INVALID_PASSWORD   "28P01"
#define	ERRCODE_CANNOT_CONNECT_NOW   "57P03"
#define	DefaultHost   "localhost"
#define	DefaultTty   ""
#define	DefaultOption   ""
#define	DefaultAuthtype   ""
#define	DefaultChannelBinding   "disable"
#define	DefaultTargetSessionAttrs   "any"
#define	DefaultSSLMode   "disable"
#define	DefaultGSSMode   "disable"
#define	MAXBUFSIZE   256
#define	LINELEN   NAMEDATALEN*5

Typedefs
typedef struct _internalPQconninfoOption	internalPQconninfoOption

Functions
static bool	connectOptions1 (PGconn *conn, const char *conninfo)
static bool	connectOptions2 (PGconn *conn)
static int	connectDBStart (PGconn *conn)
static int	connectDBComplete (PGconn *conn)
static PGPing	internal_ping (PGconn *conn)
static PGconn *	makeEmptyPGconn (void)
static bool	fillPGconn (PGconn *conn, PQconninfoOption *connOptions)
static void	freePGconn (PGconn *conn)
static void	closePGconn (PGconn *conn)
static void	release_conn_addrinfo (PGconn *conn)
static void	sendTerminateConn (PGconn *conn)
static PQconninfoOption *	conninfo_init (PQExpBuffer errorMessage)
static PQconninfoOption *	parse_connection_string (const char *conninfo, PQExpBuffer errorMessage, bool use_defaults)
static int	uri_prefix_length (const char *connstr)
static bool	recognized_connection_string (const char *connstr)
static PQconninfoOption *	conninfo_parse (const char *conninfo, PQExpBuffer errorMessage, bool use_defaults)
static PQconninfoOption *	conninfo_array_parse (const char *const *keywords, const char *const *values, PQExpBuffer errorMessage, bool use_defaults, int expand_dbname)
static bool	conninfo_add_defaults (PQconninfoOption *options, PQExpBuffer errorMessage)
static PQconninfoOption *	conninfo_uri_parse (const char *uri, PQExpBuffer errorMessage, bool use_defaults)
static bool	conninfo_uri_parse_options (PQconninfoOption *options, const char *uri, PQExpBuffer errorMessage)
static bool	conninfo_uri_parse_params (char *params, PQconninfoOption *connOptions, PQExpBuffer errorMessage)
static char *	conninfo_uri_decode (const char *str, PQExpBuffer errorMessage)
static bool	get_hexdigit (char digit, int *value)
static const char *	conninfo_getval (PQconninfoOption *connOptions, const char *keyword)
static PQconninfoOption *	conninfo_storeval (PQconninfoOption *connOptions, const char *keyword, const char *value, PQExpBuffer errorMessage, bool ignoreMissing, bool uri_decode)
static PQconninfoOption *	conninfo_find (PQconninfoOption *connOptions, const char *keyword)
static void	defaultNoticeReceiver (void *arg, const PGresult *res)
static void	defaultNoticeProcessor (void *arg, const char *message)
static int	parseServiceInfo (PQconninfoOption *options, PQExpBuffer errorMessage)
static int	parseServiceFile (const char *serviceFile, const char *service, PQconninfoOption *options, PQExpBuffer errorMessage, bool *group_found)
static char *	pwdfMatchesString (char *buf, const char *token)
static char *	passwordFromFile (const char *hostname, const char *port, const char *dbname, const char *username, const char *pgpassfile)
static void	pgpassfileWarning (PGconn *conn)
static void	default_threadlock (int acquire)
static bool	sslVerifyProtocolVersion (const char *version)
static bool	sslVerifyProtocolRange (const char *min, const char *max)
void	pqDropConnection (PGconn *conn, bool flushInput)
static void	pqDropServerData (PGconn *conn)
PGconn *	PQconnectdbParams (const char *const *keywords, const char *const *values, int expand_dbname)
PGPing	PQpingParams (const char *const *keywords, const char *const *values, int expand_dbname)
PGconn *	PQconnectdb (const char *conninfo)
PGPing	PQping (const char *conninfo)
PGconn *	PQconnectStartParams (const char *const *keywords, const char *const *values, int expand_dbname)
PGconn *	PQconnectStart (const char *conninfo)
static int	count_comma_separated_elems (const char *input)
static char *	parse_comma_separated_list (char **startptr, bool *more)
PQconninfoOption *	PQconndefaults (void)
PGconn *	PQsetdbLogin (const char *pghost, const char *pgport, const char *pgoptions, const char *pgtty, const char *dbName, const char *login, const char *pwd)
static int	connectNoDelay (PGconn *conn)
static void	getHostaddr (PGconn *conn, char *host_addr, int host_addr_len)
static void	connectFailureMessage (PGconn *conn, int errorno)
static int	useKeepalives (PGconn *conn)
static bool	parse_int_param (const char *value, int *result, PGconn *conn, const char *context)
static int	setKeepalivesIdle (PGconn *conn)
static int	setKeepalivesInterval (PGconn *conn)
static int	setKeepalivesCount (PGconn *conn)
static int	setTCPUserTimeout (PGconn *conn)
static bool	saveErrorMessage (PGconn *conn, PQExpBuffer savedMessage)
static void	restoreErrorMessage (PGconn *conn, PQExpBuffer savedMessage)
PostgresPollingStatusType	PQconnectPoll (PGconn *conn)
void	PQfinish (PGconn *conn)
void	PQreset (PGconn *conn)
int	PQresetStart (PGconn *conn)
PostgresPollingStatusType	PQresetPoll (PGconn *conn)
PGcancel *	PQgetCancel (PGconn *conn)
void	PQfreeCancel (PGcancel *cancel)
static int	internal_cancel (SockAddr *raddr, int be_pid, int be_key, char *errbuf, int errbufsize)
int	PQcancel (PGcancel *cancel, char *errbuf, int errbufsize)
int	PQrequestCancel (PGconn *conn)
int	pqPacketSend (PGconn *conn, char pack_type, const void *buf, size_t buf_len)
PQconninfoOption *	PQconninfoParse (const char *conninfo, char **errmsg)
PQconninfoOption *	PQconninfo (PGconn *conn)
void	PQconninfoFree (PQconninfoOption *connOptions)
char *	PQdb (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQuser (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQpass (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQhost (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQhostaddr (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQport (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQtty (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQoptions (const PGconn *conn)
ConnStatusType	PQstatus (const PGconn *conn)
PGTransactionStatusType	PQtransactionStatus (const PGconn *conn)
const char *	PQparameterStatus (const PGconn *conn, const char *paramName)
int	PQprotocolVersion (const PGconn *conn)
int	PQserverVersion (const PGconn *conn)
char *	PQerrorMessage (const PGconn *conn)
int	PQsocket (const PGconn *conn)
int	PQbackendPID (const PGconn *conn)
int	PQconnectionNeedsPassword (const PGconn *conn)
int	PQconnectionUsedPassword (const PGconn *conn)
int	PQclientEncoding (const PGconn *conn)
int	PQsetClientEncoding (PGconn *conn, const char *encoding)
PGVerbosity	PQsetErrorVerbosity (PGconn *conn, PGVerbosity verbosity)
PGContextVisibility	PQsetErrorContextVisibility (PGconn *conn, PGContextVisibility show_context)
void	PQtrace (PGconn *conn, FILE *debug_port)
void	PQuntrace (PGconn *conn)
PQnoticeReceiver	PQsetNoticeReceiver (PGconn *conn, PQnoticeReceiver proc, void *arg)
PQnoticeProcessor	PQsetNoticeProcessor (PGconn *conn, PQnoticeProcessor proc, void *arg)
bool	pqGetHomeDirectory (char *buf, int bufsize)
pgthreadlock_t	PQregisterThreadLock (pgthreadlock_t newhandler)

Variables
static const internalPQconninfoOption	PQconninfoOptions []
static const PQEnvironmentOption	EnvironmentOptions []
static const char	uri_designator [] = "postgresql://"
static const char	short_uri_designator [] = "postgres://"
pgthreadlock_t	pg_g_threadlock = default_threadlock

Macro Definition Documentation

DefaultAuthtype

#define DefaultAuthtype   ""

Definition at line 124 of file fe-connect.c.

DefaultChannelBinding

#define DefaultChannelBinding   "disable"

Definition at line 128 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by connectOptions2().

DefaultGSSMode

#define DefaultGSSMode   "disable"

Definition at line 140 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by connectOptions2().

DefaultHost

#define DefaultHost   "localhost"

Definition at line 121 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by connectOptions2(), passwordFromFile(), and pqPacketSend().

DefaultOption

#define DefaultOption   ""

Definition at line 123 of file fe-connect.c.

DefaultSSLMode

#define DefaultSSLMode   "disable"

Definition at line 134 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by connectOptions2().

DefaultTargetSessionAttrs

#define DefaultTargetSessionAttrs   "any"

Definition at line 130 of file fe-connect.c.

DefaultTty

#define DefaultTty   ""

Definition at line 122 of file fe-connect.c.

ERRCODE_APPNAME_UNKNOWN

#define ERRCODE_APPNAME_UNKNOWN   "42704"

Definition at line 91 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by PQconnectPoll().

ERRCODE_CANNOT_CONNECT_NOW

#define ERRCODE_CANNOT_CONNECT_NOW   "57P03"

Definition at line 96 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by internal_ping(), and ProcessStartupPacket().

ERRCODE_INVALID_PASSWORD

#define ERRCODE_INVALID_PASSWORD   "28P01"

Definition at line 94 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by auth_failed(), pgpassfileWarning(), and recv_password_packet().

LINELEN

#define LINELEN   NAMEDATALEN*5

Referenced by passwordFromFile().

MAXBUFSIZE

#define MAXBUFSIZE   256

Definition at line 5033 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by parseServiceFile().

PGPASSFILE

#define PGPASSFILE   ".pgpass"

Definition at line 80 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by connectOptions2().

Typedef Documentation

internalPQconninfoOption

typedef struct _internalPQconninfoOption internalPQconninfoOption

Function Documentation

closePGconn()

static void closePGconn ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 4154 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::asyncStatus, CONNECTION_BAD, pg_conn::errorMessage, pg_conn::nonblocking, PGASYNC_IDLE, pqClearAsyncResult(), pqDropConnection(), pqDropServerData(), PQTRANS_IDLE, release_conn_addrinfo(), resetPQExpBuffer(), sendTerminateConn(), pg_conn::status, and pg_conn::xactStatus.

Referenced by PQfinish(), PQreset(), and PQresetStart().

{
    /*
     * If possible, send Terminate message to close the connection politely.
     */
    sendTerminateConn(conn);

    /*
     * Must reset the blocking status so a possible reconnect will work.
     *
     * Don't call PQsetnonblocking() because it will fail if it's unable to
     * flush the connection.
     */
    conn->nonblocking = false;

    /*
     * Close the connection, reset all transient state, flush I/O buffers.
     */
    pqDropConnection(conn, true);
    conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;  /* Well, not really _bad_ - just absent */
    conn->asyncStatus = PGASYNC_IDLE;
    conn->xactStatus = PQTRANS_IDLE;
    pqClearAsyncResult(conn);   /* deallocate result */
    resetPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage);
    release_conn_addrinfo(conn);

    /* Reset all state obtained from server, too */
    pqDropServerData(conn);
}

connectDBComplete()

static int connectDBComplete ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 2076 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::addr_cur, pg_conn::connect_timeout, CONNECTION_BAD, CONNECTION_NEEDED, pg_conn::errorMessage, flag(), parse_int_param(), PGRES_POLLING_OK, PGRES_POLLING_READING, PGRES_POLLING_WRITING, PQconnectPoll(), pqWaitTimed(), resetPQExpBuffer(), pg_conn::status, pg_conn::try_next_addr, and pg_conn::whichhost.

Referenced by internal_ping(), PQconnectdb(), PQconnectdbParams(), PQreset(), and PQsetdbLogin().

{
    PostgresPollingStatusType flag = PGRES_POLLING_WRITING;
    time_t      finish_time = ((time_t) -1);
    int         timeout = 0;
    int         last_whichhost = -2;    /* certainly different from whichhost */
    struct addrinfo *last_addr_cur = NULL;

    if (conn == NULL || conn->status == CONNECTION_BAD)
        return 0;

    /*
     * Set up a time limit, if connect_timeout isn't zero.
     */
    if (conn->connect_timeout != NULL)
    {
        if (!parse_int_param(conn->connect_timeout, &timeout, conn,
                             "connect_timeout"))
        {
            /* mark the connection as bad to report the parsing failure */
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            return 0;
        }

        if (timeout > 0)
        {
            /*
             * Rounding could cause connection to fail unexpectedly quickly;
             * to prevent possibly waiting hardly-at-all, insist on at least
             * two seconds.
             */
            if (timeout < 2)
                timeout = 2;
        }
        else                    /* negative means 0 */
            timeout = 0;
    }

    for (;;)
    {
        int         ret = 0;

        /*
         * (Re)start the connect_timeout timer if it's active and we are
         * considering a different host than we were last time through.  If
         * we've already succeeded, though, needn't recalculate.
         */
        if (flag != PGRES_POLLING_OK &&
            timeout > 0 &&
            (conn->whichhost != last_whichhost ||
             conn->addr_cur != last_addr_cur))
        {
            finish_time = time(NULL) + timeout;
            last_whichhost = conn->whichhost;
            last_addr_cur = conn->addr_cur;
        }

        /*
         * Wait, if necessary.  Note that the initial state (just after
         * PQconnectStart) is to wait for the socket to select for writing.
         */
        switch (flag)
        {
            case PGRES_POLLING_OK:

                /*
                 * Reset stored error messages since we now have a working
                 * connection
                 */
                resetPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage);
                return 1;       /* success! */

            case PGRES_POLLING_READING:
                ret = pqWaitTimed(1, 0, conn, finish_time);
                if (ret == -1)
                {
                    /* hard failure, eg select() problem, aborts everything */
                    conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
                    return 0;
                }
                break;

            case PGRES_POLLING_WRITING:
                ret = pqWaitTimed(0, 1, conn, finish_time);
                if (ret == -1)
                {
                    /* hard failure, eg select() problem, aborts everything */
                    conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
                    return 0;
                }
                break;

            default:
                /* Just in case we failed to set it in PQconnectPoll */
                conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
                return 0;
        }

        if (ret == 1)           /* connect_timeout elapsed */
        {
            /*
             * Give up on current server/address, try the next one.
             */
            conn->try_next_addr = true;
            conn->status = CONNECTION_NEEDED;
        }

        /*
         * Now try to advance the state machine.
         */
        flag = PQconnectPoll(conn);
    }
}

connectDBStart()

static int connectDBStart ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 1997 of file fe-connect.c.

References CONNECTION_BAD, CONNECTION_NEEDED, pg_conn::errorMessage, pg_conn::gssencmode, pg_conn::inCursor, pg_conn::inEnd, pg_conn::inStart, pg_conn::options_valid, pg_conn::outCount, pg_link_canary_is_frontend(), PGRES_POLLING_WRITING, PQconnectPoll(), pqDropConnection(), printfPQExpBuffer(), resetPQExpBuffer(), pg_conn::status, pg_conn::try_next_addr, pg_conn::try_next_host, and pg_conn::whichhost.

Referenced by PQconnectStart(), PQconnectStartParams(), PQreset(), PQresetStart(), and PQsetdbLogin().

{
    if (!conn)
        return 0;

    if (!conn->options_valid)
        goto connect_errReturn;

    /*
     * Check for bad linking to backend-internal versions of src/common
     * functions (see comments in link-canary.c for the reason we need this).
     * Nobody but developers should see this message, so we don't bother
     * translating it.
     */
    if (!pg_link_canary_is_frontend())
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                          "libpq is incorrectly linked to backend functions\n");
        goto connect_errReturn;
    }

    /* Ensure our buffers are empty */
    conn->inStart = conn->inCursor = conn->inEnd = 0;
    conn->outCount = 0;

    /*
     * Ensure errorMessage is empty, too.  PQconnectPoll will append messages
     * to it in the process of scanning for a working server.  Thus, if we
     * fail to connect to multiple hosts, the final error message will include
     * details about each failure.
     */
    resetPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage);

#ifdef ENABLE_GSS
    if (conn->gssencmode[0] == 'd') /* "disable" */
        conn->try_gss = false;
#endif

    /*
     * Set up to try to connect to the first host.  (Setting whichhost = -1 is
     * a bit of a cheat, but PQconnectPoll will advance it to 0 before
     * anything else looks at it.)
     */
    conn->whichhost = -1;
    conn->try_next_addr = false;
    conn->try_next_host = true;
    conn->status = CONNECTION_NEEDED;

    /*
     * The code for processing CONNECTION_NEEDED state is in PQconnectPoll(),
     * so that it can easily be re-executed if needed again during the
     * asynchronous startup process.  However, we must run it once here,
     * because callers expect a success return from this routine to mean that
     * we are in PGRES_POLLING_WRITING connection state.
     */
    if (PQconnectPoll(conn) == PGRES_POLLING_WRITING)
        return 1;

connect_errReturn:

    /*
     * If we managed to open a socket, close it immediately rather than
     * waiting till PQfinish.  (The application cannot have gotten the socket
     * from PQsocket yet, so this doesn't risk breaking anything.)
     */
    pqDropConnection(conn, true);
    conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
    return 0;
}

connectFailureMessage()

static void connectFailureMessage ( PGconn *  conn, int  errorno  )

static

Definition at line 1664 of file fe-connect.c.

References SockAddr::addr, appendPQExpBuffer(), CHT_HOST_ADDRESS, pg_conn::connhost, pg_conn::errorMessage, getHostaddr(), pg_conn_host::host, pg_conn_host::hostaddr, IS_AF_UNIX, libpq_gettext, NI_MAXHOST, NI_NUMERICSERV, pg_getnameinfo_all(), PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN, pg_conn_host::port, pg_conn::raddr, SockAddr::salen, SOCK_STRERROR, pg_conn_host::type, and pg_conn::whichhost.

Referenced by PQconnectPoll().

{
    char        sebuf[PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN];

#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
    if (IS_AF_UNIX(conn->raddr.addr.ss_family))
    {
        char        service[NI_MAXHOST];

        pg_getnameinfo_all(&conn->raddr.addr, conn->raddr.salen,
                           NULL, 0,
                           service, sizeof(service),
                           NI_NUMERICSERV);
        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("could not connect to server: %s\n"
                                        "\tIs the server running locally and accepting\n"
                                        "\tconnections on Unix domain socket \"%s\"?\n"),
                          SOCK_STRERROR(errorno, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)),
                          service);
    }
    else
#endif                          /* HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS */
    {
        char        host_addr[NI_MAXHOST];
        const char *displayed_host;
        const char *displayed_port;

        /*
         * Optionally display the network address with the hostname. This is
         * useful to distinguish between IPv4 and IPv6 connections.
         */
        getHostaddr(conn, host_addr, NI_MAXHOST);

        /* To which host and port were we actually connecting? */
        if (conn->connhost[conn->whichhost].type == CHT_HOST_ADDRESS)
            displayed_host = conn->connhost[conn->whichhost].hostaddr;
        else
            displayed_host = conn->connhost[conn->whichhost].host;
        displayed_port = conn->connhost[conn->whichhost].port;
        if (displayed_port == NULL || displayed_port[0] == '\0')
            displayed_port = DEF_PGPORT_STR;

        /*
         * If the user did not supply an IP address using 'hostaddr', and
         * 'host' was missing or does not match our lookup, display the
         * looked-up IP address.
         */
        if (conn->connhost[conn->whichhost].type != CHT_HOST_ADDRESS &&
            strlen(host_addr) > 0 &&
            strcmp(displayed_host, host_addr) != 0)
            appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("could not connect to server: %s\n"
                                            "\tIs the server running on host \"%s\" (%s) and accepting\n"
                                            "\tTCP/IP connections on port %s?\n"),
                              SOCK_STRERROR(errorno, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)),
                              displayed_host, host_addr,
                              displayed_port);
        else
            appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("could not connect to server: %s\n"
                                            "\tIs the server running on host \"%s\" and accepting\n"
                                            "\tTCP/IP connections on port %s?\n"),
                              SOCK_STRERROR(errorno, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)),
                              displayed_host,
                              displayed_port);
    }
}

connectNoDelay()

static int connectNoDelay ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 1605 of file fe-connect.c.

References appendPQExpBuffer(), pg_conn::errorMessage, libpq_gettext, PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN, pg_conn::sock, SOCK_ERRNO, and SOCK_STRERROR.

Referenced by PQconnectPoll().

{
#ifdef  TCP_NODELAY
    int         on = 1;

    if (setsockopt(conn->sock, IPPROTO_TCP, TCP_NODELAY,
                   (char *) &on,
                   sizeof(on)) < 0)
    {
        char        sebuf[PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN];

        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("could not set socket to TCP no delay mode: %s\n"),
                          SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
        return 0;
    }
#endif

    return 1;
}

connectOptions1()

static bool connectOptions1 ( PGconn *  conn, const char *  conninfo  )

static

Definition at line 908 of file fe-connect.c.

References CONNECTION_BAD, pg_conn::errorMessage, fillPGconn(), parse_connection_string(), PQconninfoFree(), and pg_conn::status.

Referenced by PQconnectStart(), and PQsetdbLogin().

{
    PQconninfoOption *connOptions;

    /*
     * Parse the conninfo string
     */
    connOptions = parse_connection_string(conninfo, &conn->errorMessage, true);
    if (connOptions == NULL)
    {
        conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
        /* errorMessage is already set */
        return false;
    }

    /*
     * Move option values into conn structure
     */
    if (!fillPGconn(conn, connOptions))
    {
        conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
        PQconninfoFree(connOptions);
        return false;
    }

    /*
     * Free the option info - all is in conn now
     */
    PQconninfoFree(connOptions);

    return true;
}

connectOptions2()

static bool connectOptions2 ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 1006 of file fe-connect.c.

References Assert, calloc, pg_conn::channel_binding, CHT_HOST_ADDRESS, CHT_HOST_NAME, CHT_UNIX_SOCKET, pg_conn::client_encoding_initial, CONNECTION_BAD, pg_conn::connhost, count_comma_separated_elems(), pg_conn::dbName, DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR, DefaultChannelBinding, DefaultGSSMode, DefaultHost, DefaultSSLMode, pg_conn::errorMessage, free, pg_conn::gssencmode, pg_conn_host::host, pg_conn_host::hostaddr, i, is_absolute_path, libpq_gettext, malloc, MAXPGPATH, pg_conn::nconnhost, pg_conn::options_valid, parse_comma_separated_list(), pg_conn_host::password, passwordFromFile(), pg_encoding_to_char(), pg_fe_getauthname(), pg_get_encoding_from_locale(), pg_conn::pghost, pg_conn::pghostaddr, pg_conn::pgpass, PGPASSFILE, pg_conn::pgpassfile, pg_conn::pgport, pg_conn::pguser, pg_conn_host::port, pqGetHomeDirectory(), printfPQExpBuffer(), snprintf, pg_conn::ssl_max_protocol_version, pg_conn::ssl_min_protocol_version, pg_conn::sslmode, sslVerifyProtocolRange(), sslVerifyProtocolVersion(), pg_conn::status, pg_conn::target_session_attrs, pg_conn_host::type, and pg_conn::whichhost.

Referenced by PQconnectStart(), PQconnectStartParams(), and PQsetdbLogin().

{
    int         i;

    /*
     * Allocate memory for details about each host to which we might possibly
     * try to connect.  For that, count the number of elements in the hostaddr
     * or host options.  If neither is given, assume one host.
     */
    conn->whichhost = 0;
    if (conn->pghostaddr && conn->pghostaddr[0] != '\0')
        conn->nconnhost = count_comma_separated_elems(conn->pghostaddr);
    else if (conn->pghost && conn->pghost[0] != '\0')
        conn->nconnhost = count_comma_separated_elems(conn->pghost);
    else
        conn->nconnhost = 1;
    conn->connhost = (pg_conn_host *)
        calloc(conn->nconnhost, sizeof(pg_conn_host));
    if (conn->connhost == NULL)
        goto oom_error;

    /*
     * We now have one pg_conn_host structure per possible host.  Fill in the
     * host and hostaddr fields for each, by splitting the parameter strings.
     */
    if (conn->pghostaddr != NULL && conn->pghostaddr[0] != '\0')
    {
        char       *s = conn->pghostaddr;
        bool        more = true;

        for (i = 0; i < conn->nconnhost && more; i++)
        {
            conn->connhost[i].hostaddr = parse_comma_separated_list(&s, &more);
            if (conn->connhost[i].hostaddr == NULL)
                goto oom_error;
        }

        /*
         * If hostaddr was given, the array was allocated according to the
         * number of elements in the hostaddr list, so it really should be the
         * right size.
         */
        Assert(!more);
        Assert(i == conn->nconnhost);
    }

    if (conn->pghost != NULL && conn->pghost[0] != '\0')
    {
        char       *s = conn->pghost;
        bool        more = true;

        for (i = 0; i < conn->nconnhost && more; i++)
        {
            conn->connhost[i].host = parse_comma_separated_list(&s, &more);
            if (conn->connhost[i].host == NULL)
                goto oom_error;
        }

        /* Check for wrong number of host items. */
        if (more || i != conn->nconnhost)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("could not match %d host names to %d hostaddr values\n"),
                              count_comma_separated_elems(conn->pghost), conn->nconnhost);
            return false;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Now, for each host slot, identify the type of address spec, and fill in
     * the default address if nothing was given.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < conn->nconnhost; i++)
    {
        pg_conn_host *ch = &conn->connhost[i];

        if (ch->hostaddr != NULL && ch->hostaddr[0] != '\0')
            ch->type = CHT_HOST_ADDRESS;
        else if (ch->host != NULL && ch->host[0] != '\0')
        {
            ch->type = CHT_HOST_NAME;
#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
            if (is_absolute_path(ch->host))
                ch->type = CHT_UNIX_SOCKET;
#endif
        }
        else
        {
            if (ch->host)
                free(ch->host);
#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
            if (DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR[0])
            {
                ch->host = strdup(DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR);
                ch->type = CHT_UNIX_SOCKET;
            }
            else
#endif
            {
                ch->host = strdup(DefaultHost);
                ch->type = CHT_HOST_NAME;
            }
            if (ch->host == NULL)
                goto oom_error;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Next, work out the port number corresponding to each host name.
     *
     * Note: unlike the above for host names, this could leave the port fields
     * as null or empty strings.  We will substitute DEF_PGPORT whenever we
     * read such a port field.
     */
    if (conn->pgport != NULL && conn->pgport[0] != '\0')
    {
        char       *s = conn->pgport;
        bool        more = true;

        for (i = 0; i < conn->nconnhost && more; i++)
        {
            conn->connhost[i].port = parse_comma_separated_list(&s, &more);
            if (conn->connhost[i].port == NULL)
                goto oom_error;
        }

        /*
         * If exactly one port was given, use it for every host.  Otherwise,
         * there must be exactly as many ports as there were hosts.
         */
        if (i == 1 && !more)
        {
            for (i = 1; i < conn->nconnhost; i++)
            {
                conn->connhost[i].port = strdup(conn->connhost[0].port);
                if (conn->connhost[i].port == NULL)
                    goto oom_error;
            }
        }
        else if (more || i != conn->nconnhost)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("could not match %d port numbers to %d hosts\n"),
                              count_comma_separated_elems(conn->pgport), conn->nconnhost);
            return false;
        }
    }

    /*
     * If user name was not given, fetch it.  (Most likely, the fetch will
     * fail, since the only way we get here is if pg_fe_getauthname() failed
     * during conninfo_add_defaults().  But now we want an error message.)
     */
    if (conn->pguser == NULL || conn->pguser[0] == '\0')
    {
        if (conn->pguser)
            free(conn->pguser);
        conn->pguser = pg_fe_getauthname(&conn->errorMessage);
        if (!conn->pguser)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            return false;
        }
    }

    /*
     * If database name was not given, default it to equal user name
     */
    if (conn->dbName == NULL || conn->dbName[0] == '\0')
    {
        if (conn->dbName)
            free(conn->dbName);
        conn->dbName = strdup(conn->pguser);
        if (!conn->dbName)
            goto oom_error;
    }

    /*
     * If password was not given, try to look it up in password file.  Note
     * that the result might be different for each host/port pair.
     */
    if (conn->pgpass == NULL || conn->pgpass[0] == '\0')
    {
        /* If password file wasn't specified, use ~/PGPASSFILE */
        if (conn->pgpassfile == NULL || conn->pgpassfile[0] == '\0')
        {
            char        homedir[MAXPGPATH];

            if (pqGetHomeDirectory(homedir, sizeof(homedir)))
            {
                if (conn->pgpassfile)
                    free(conn->pgpassfile);
                conn->pgpassfile = malloc(MAXPGPATH);
                if (!conn->pgpassfile)
                    goto oom_error;
                snprintf(conn->pgpassfile, MAXPGPATH, "%s/%s",
                         homedir, PGPASSFILE);
            }
        }

        if (conn->pgpassfile != NULL && conn->pgpassfile[0] != '\0')
        {
            for (i = 0; i < conn->nconnhost; i++)
            {
                /*
                 * Try to get a password for this host from file.  We use host
                 * for the hostname search key if given, else hostaddr (at
                 * least one of them is guaranteed nonempty by now).
                 */
                const char *pwhost = conn->connhost[i].host;

                if (pwhost == NULL || pwhost[0] == '\0')
                    pwhost = conn->connhost[i].hostaddr;

                conn->connhost[i].password =
                    passwordFromFile(pwhost,
                                     conn->connhost[i].port,
                                     conn->dbName,
                                     conn->pguser,
                                     conn->pgpassfile);
            }
        }
    }

    /*
     * validate channel_binding option
     */
    if (conn->channel_binding)
    {
        if (strcmp(conn->channel_binding, "disable") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->channel_binding, "prefer") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->channel_binding, "require") != 0)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("invalid %s value: \"%s\"\n"),
                              "channel_binding", conn->channel_binding);
            return false;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        conn->channel_binding = strdup(DefaultChannelBinding);
        if (!conn->channel_binding)
            goto oom_error;
    }

    /*
     * validate sslmode option
     */
    if (conn->sslmode)
    {
        if (strcmp(conn->sslmode, "disable") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->sslmode, "allow") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->sslmode, "prefer") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->sslmode, "require") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->sslmode, "verify-ca") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->sslmode, "verify-full") != 0)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("invalid %s value: \"%s\"\n"),
                              "sslmode", conn->sslmode);
            return false;
        }

#ifndef USE_SSL
        switch (conn->sslmode[0])
        {
            case 'a':           /* "allow" */
            case 'p':           /* "prefer" */

                /*
                 * warn user that an SSL connection will never be negotiated
                 * since SSL was not compiled in?
                 */
                break;

            case 'r':           /* "require" */
            case 'v':           /* "verify-ca" or "verify-full" */
                conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
                printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("sslmode value \"%s\" invalid when SSL support is not compiled in\n"),
                                  conn->sslmode);
                return false;
        }
#endif
    }
    else
    {
        conn->sslmode = strdup(DefaultSSLMode);
        if (!conn->sslmode)
            goto oom_error;
    }

    /*
     * Validate TLS protocol versions for ssl_min_protocol_version and
     * ssl_max_protocol_version.
     */
    if (!sslVerifyProtocolVersion(conn->ssl_min_protocol_version))
    {
        conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
        printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("invalid %s value: \"%s\"\n"),
                          "ssl_min_protocol_version",
                          conn->ssl_min_protocol_version);
        return false;
    }
    if (!sslVerifyProtocolVersion(conn->ssl_max_protocol_version))
    {
        conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
        printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("invalid %s value: \"%s\"\n"),
                          "ssl_max_protocol_version",
                          conn->ssl_max_protocol_version);
        return false;
    }

    /*
     * Check if the range of SSL protocols defined is correct.  This is done
     * at this early step because this is independent of the SSL
     * implementation used, and this avoids unnecessary cycles with an
     * already-built SSL context when the connection is being established, as
     * it would be doomed anyway.
     */
    if (!sslVerifyProtocolRange(conn->ssl_min_protocol_version,
                                conn->ssl_max_protocol_version))
    {
        conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
        printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("invalid SSL protocol version range\n"));
        return false;
    }

    /*
     * validate gssencmode option
     */
    if (conn->gssencmode)
    {
        if (strcmp(conn->gssencmode, "disable") != 0 &&
            strcmp(conn->gssencmode, "prefer") != 0 &&
            strcmp(conn->gssencmode, "require") != 0)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("invalid %s value: \"%s\"\n"),
                              "gssencmode",
                              conn->gssencmode);
            return false;
        }
#ifndef ENABLE_GSS
        if (strcmp(conn->gssencmode, "require") == 0)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("gssencmode value \"%s\" invalid when GSSAPI support is not compiled in\n"),
                              conn->gssencmode);
            return false;
        }
#endif
    }
    else
    {
        conn->gssencmode = strdup(DefaultGSSMode);
        if (!conn->gssencmode)
            goto oom_error;
    }

    /*
     * Resolve special "auto" client_encoding from the locale
     */
    if (conn->client_encoding_initial &&
        strcmp(conn->client_encoding_initial, "auto") == 0)
    {
        free(conn->client_encoding_initial);
        conn->client_encoding_initial = strdup(pg_encoding_to_char(pg_get_encoding_from_locale(NULL, true)));
        if (!conn->client_encoding_initial)
            goto oom_error;
    }

    /*
     * Validate target_session_attrs option.
     */
    if (conn->target_session_attrs)
    {
        if (strcmp(conn->target_session_attrs, "any") != 0
            && strcmp(conn->target_session_attrs, "read-write") != 0)
        {
            conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
            printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("invalid %s value: \"%s\"\n"),
                              "target_settion_attrs",
                              conn->target_session_attrs);
            return false;
        }
    }

    /*
     * Only if we get this far is it appropriate to try to connect. (We need a
     * state flag, rather than just the boolean result of this function, in
     * case someone tries to PQreset() the PGconn.)
     */
    conn->options_valid = true;

    return true;

oom_error:
    conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
    printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                      libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
    return false;
}

conninfo_add_defaults()

static bool conninfo_add_defaults ( PQconninfoOption *  options, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage  )

static

Definition at line 5751 of file fe-connect.c.

References _PQconninfoOption::compiled, _PQconninfoOption::envvar, _PQconninfoOption::keyword, libpq_gettext, parseServiceInfo(), pg_fe_getauthname(), printfPQExpBuffer(), and _PQconninfoOption::val.

Referenced by conninfo_array_parse(), conninfo_parse(), conninfo_uri_parse(), and PQconndefaults().

{
    PQconninfoOption *option;
    char       *tmp;

    /*
     * If there's a service spec, use it to obtain any not-explicitly-given
     * parameters.  Ignore error if no error message buffer is passed because
     * there is no way to pass back the failure message.
     */
    if (parseServiceInfo(options, errorMessage) != 0 && errorMessage)
        return false;

    /*
     * Get the fallback resources for parameters not specified in the conninfo
     * string nor the service.
     */
    for (option = options; option->keyword != NULL; option++)
    {
        if (option->val != NULL)
            continue;           /* Value was in conninfo or service */

        /*
         * Try to get the environment variable fallback
         */
        if (option->envvar != NULL)
        {
            if ((tmp = getenv(option->envvar)) != NULL)
            {
                option->val = strdup(tmp);
                if (!option->val)
                {
                    if (errorMessage)
                        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                    return false;
                }
                continue;
            }
        }

        /*
         * Interpret the deprecated PGREQUIRESSL environment variable.  Per
         * tradition, translate values starting with "1" to sslmode=require,
         * and ignore other values.  Given both PGREQUIRESSL=1 and PGSSLMODE,
         * PGSSLMODE takes precedence; the opposite was true before v9.3.
         */
        if (strcmp(option->keyword, "sslmode") == 0)
        {
            const char *requiresslenv = getenv("PGREQUIRESSL");

            if (requiresslenv != NULL && requiresslenv[0] == '1')
            {
                option->val = strdup("require");
                if (!option->val)
                {
                    if (errorMessage)
                        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                    return false;
                }
                continue;
            }
        }

        /*
         * No environment variable specified or the variable isn't set - try
         * compiled-in default
         */
        if (option->compiled != NULL)
        {
            option->val = strdup(option->compiled);
            if (!option->val)
            {
                if (errorMessage)
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                return false;
            }
            continue;
        }

        /*
         * Special handling for "user" option.  Note that if pg_fe_getauthname
         * fails, we just leave the value as NULL; there's no need for this to
         * be an error condition if the caller provides a user name.  The only
         * reason we do this now at all is so that callers of PQconndefaults
         * will see a correct default (barring error, of course).
         */
        if (strcmp(option->keyword, "user") == 0)
        {
            option->val = pg_fe_getauthname(NULL);
            continue;
        }
    }

    return true;
}

conninfo_array_parse()

static PQconninfoOption * conninfo_array_parse ( const char *const *  keywords, const char *const *  values, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage, bool  use_defaults, int  expand_dbname  )

static

Definition at line 5587 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_add_defaults(), conninfo_init(), free, i, _internalPQconninfoOption::keyword, _PQconninfoOption::keyword, libpq_gettext, options, parse_connection_string(), PQconninfoFree(), printfPQExpBuffer(), recognized_connection_string(), _internalPQconninfoOption::val, and _PQconninfoOption::val.

Referenced by PQconnectStartParams().

{
    PQconninfoOption *options;
    PQconninfoOption *dbname_options = NULL;
    PQconninfoOption *option;
    int         i = 0;

    /*
     * If expand_dbname is non-zero, check keyword "dbname" to see if val is
     * actually a recognized connection string.
     */
    while (expand_dbname && keywords[i])
    {
        const char *pname = keywords[i];
        const char *pvalue = values[i];

        /* first find "dbname" if any */
        if (strcmp(pname, "dbname") == 0 && pvalue)
        {
            /*
             * If value is a connection string, parse it, but do not use
             * defaults here -- those get picked up later. We only want to
             * override for those parameters actually passed.
             */
            if (recognized_connection_string(pvalue))
            {
                dbname_options = parse_connection_string(pvalue, errorMessage, false);
                if (dbname_options == NULL)
                    return NULL;
            }
            break;
        }
        ++i;
    }

    /* Make a working copy of PQconninfoOptions */
    options = conninfo_init(errorMessage);
    if (options == NULL)
    {
        PQconninfoFree(dbname_options);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* Parse the keywords/values arrays */
    i = 0;
    while (keywords[i])
    {
        const char *pname = keywords[i];
        const char *pvalue = values[i];

        if (pvalue != NULL && pvalue[0] != '\0')
        {
            /* Search for the param record */
            for (option = options; option->keyword != NULL; option++)
            {
                if (strcmp(option->keyword, pname) == 0)
                    break;
            }

            /* Check for invalid connection option */
            if (option->keyword == NULL)
            {
                printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("invalid connection option \"%s\"\n"),
                                  pname);
                PQconninfoFree(options);
                PQconninfoFree(dbname_options);
                return NULL;
            }

            /*
             * If we are on the first dbname parameter, and we have a parsed
             * connection string, copy those parameters across, overriding any
             * existing previous settings.
             */
            if (strcmp(pname, "dbname") == 0 && dbname_options)
            {
                PQconninfoOption *str_option;

                for (str_option = dbname_options; str_option->keyword != NULL; str_option++)
                {
                    if (str_option->val != NULL)
                    {
                        int         k;

                        for (k = 0; options[k].keyword; k++)
                        {
                            if (strcmp(options[k].keyword, str_option->keyword) == 0)
                            {
                                if (options[k].val)
                                    free(options[k].val);
                                options[k].val = strdup(str_option->val);
                                if (!options[k].val)
                                {
                                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                                      libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                                    PQconninfoFree(options);
                                    PQconninfoFree(dbname_options);
                                    return NULL;
                                }
                                break;
                            }
                        }
                    }
                }

                /*
                 * Forget the parsed connection string, so that any subsequent
                 * dbname parameters will not be expanded.
                 */
                PQconninfoFree(dbname_options);
                dbname_options = NULL;
            }
            else
            {
                /*
                 * Store the value, overriding previous settings
                 */
                if (option->val)
                    free(option->val);
                option->val = strdup(pvalue);
                if (!option->val)
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                    PQconninfoFree(options);
                    PQconninfoFree(dbname_options);
                    return NULL;
                }
            }
        }
        ++i;
    }
    PQconninfoFree(dbname_options);

    /*
     * Add in defaults if the caller wants that.
     */
    if (use_defaults)
    {
        if (!conninfo_add_defaults(options, errorMessage))
        {
            PQconninfoFree(options);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    return options;
}

conninfo_find()

static PQconninfoOption * conninfo_find ( PQconninfoOption *  connOptions, const char *  keyword  )

static

Definition at line 6464 of file fe-connect.c.

References _PQconninfoOption::keyword.

Referenced by conninfo_getval(), and conninfo_storeval().

{
    PQconninfoOption *option;

    for (option = connOptions; option->keyword != NULL; option++)
    {
        if (strcmp(option->keyword, keyword) == 0)
            return option;
    }

    return NULL;
}

conninfo_getval()

static const char * conninfo_getval ( PQconninfoOption *  connOptions, const char *  keyword  )

static

Definition at line 6373 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_find(), and _PQconninfoOption::val.

Referenced by fillPGconn(), and parseServiceInfo().

{
    PQconninfoOption *option;

    option = conninfo_find(connOptions, keyword);

    return option ? option->val : NULL;
}

conninfo_init()

static PQconninfoOption * conninfo_init ( PQExpBuffer  errorMessage )

static

Definition at line 5315 of file fe-connect.c.

References _internalPQconninfoOption::keyword, libpq_gettext, malloc, MemSet, options, PQconninfoOptions, and printfPQExpBuffer().

Referenced by conninfo_array_parse(), conninfo_parse(), conninfo_uri_parse(), PQconndefaults(), and PQconninfo().

{
    PQconninfoOption *options;
    PQconninfoOption *opt_dest;
    const internalPQconninfoOption *cur_opt;

    /*
     * Get enough memory for all options in PQconninfoOptions, even if some
     * end up being filtered out.
     */
    options = (PQconninfoOption *) malloc(sizeof(PQconninfoOption) * sizeof(PQconninfoOptions) / sizeof(PQconninfoOptions[0]));
    if (options == NULL)
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
        return NULL;
    }
    opt_dest = options;

    for (cur_opt = PQconninfoOptions; cur_opt->keyword; cur_opt++)
    {
        /* Only copy the public part of the struct, not the full internal */
        memcpy(opt_dest, cur_opt, sizeof(PQconninfoOption));
        opt_dest++;
    }
    MemSet(opt_dest, 0, sizeof(PQconninfoOption));

    return options;
}

conninfo_parse()

static PQconninfoOption * conninfo_parse ( const char *  conninfo, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage, bool  use_defaults  )

static

Definition at line 5409 of file fe-connect.c.

References buf, conninfo_add_defaults(), conninfo_init(), conninfo_storeval(), free, libpq_gettext, options, PQconninfoFree(), and printfPQExpBuffer().

Referenced by parse_connection_string().

{
    char       *pname;
    char       *pval;
    char       *buf;
    char       *cp;
    char       *cp2;
    PQconninfoOption *options;

    /* Make a working copy of PQconninfoOptions */
    options = conninfo_init(errorMessage);
    if (options == NULL)
        return NULL;

    /* Need a modifiable copy of the input string */
    if ((buf = strdup(conninfo)) == NULL)
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
        PQconninfoFree(options);
        return NULL;
    }
    cp = buf;

    while (*cp)
    {
        /* Skip blanks before the parameter name */
        if (isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
        {
            cp++;
            continue;
        }

        /* Get the parameter name */
        pname = cp;
        while (*cp)
        {
            if (*cp == '=')
                break;
            if (isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
            {
                *cp++ = '\0';
                while (*cp)
                {
                    if (!isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
                        break;
                    cp++;
                }
                break;
            }
            cp++;
        }

        /* Check that there is a following '=' */
        if (*cp != '=')
        {
            printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("missing \"=\" after \"%s\" in connection info string\n"),
                              pname);
            PQconninfoFree(options);
            free(buf);
            return NULL;
        }
        *cp++ = '\0';

        /* Skip blanks after the '=' */
        while (*cp)
        {
            if (!isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
                break;
            cp++;
        }

        /* Get the parameter value */
        pval = cp;

        if (*cp != '\'')
        {
            cp2 = pval;
            while (*cp)
            {
                if (isspace((unsigned char) *cp))
                {
                    *cp++ = '\0';
                    break;
                }
                if (*cp == '\\')
                {
                    cp++;
                    if (*cp != '\0')
                        *cp2++ = *cp++;
                }
                else
                    *cp2++ = *cp++;
            }
            *cp2 = '\0';
        }
        else
        {
            cp2 = pval;
            cp++;
            for (;;)
            {
                if (*cp == '\0')
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("unterminated quoted string in connection info string\n"));
                    PQconninfoFree(options);
                    free(buf);
                    return NULL;
                }
                if (*cp == '\\')
                {
                    cp++;
                    if (*cp != '\0')
                        *cp2++ = *cp++;
                    continue;
                }
                if (*cp == '\'')
                {
                    *cp2 = '\0';
                    cp++;
                    break;
                }
                *cp2++ = *cp++;
            }
        }

        /*
         * Now that we have the name and the value, store the record.
         */
        if (!conninfo_storeval(options, pname, pval, errorMessage, false, false))
        {
            PQconninfoFree(options);
            free(buf);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    /* Done with the modifiable input string */
    free(buf);

    /*
     * Add in defaults if the caller wants that.
     */
    if (use_defaults)
    {
        if (!conninfo_add_defaults(options, errorMessage))
        {
            PQconninfoFree(options);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    return options;
}

conninfo_storeval()

static PQconninfoOption * conninfo_storeval ( PQconninfoOption *  connOptions, const char *  keyword, const char *  value, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage, bool  ignoreMissing, bool  uri_decode  )

static

Definition at line 6399 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_find(), conninfo_uri_decode(), free, libpq_gettext, printfPQExpBuffer(), and _PQconninfoOption::val.

Referenced by conninfo_parse(), conninfo_uri_parse_options(), conninfo_uri_parse_params(), and PQconninfo().

{
    PQconninfoOption *option;
    char       *value_copy;

    /*
     * For backwards compatibility, requiressl=1 gets translated to
     * sslmode=require, and requiressl=0 gets translated to sslmode=prefer
     * (which is the default for sslmode).
     */
    if (strcmp(keyword, "requiressl") == 0)
    {
        keyword = "sslmode";
        if (value[0] == '1')
            value = "require";
        else
            value = "prefer";
    }

    option = conninfo_find(connOptions, keyword);
    if (option == NULL)
    {
        if (!ignoreMissing)
            printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("invalid connection option \"%s\"\n"),
                              keyword);
        return NULL;
    }

    if (uri_decode)
    {
        value_copy = conninfo_uri_decode(value, errorMessage);
        if (value_copy == NULL)
            /* conninfo_uri_decode already set an error message */
            return NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        value_copy = strdup(value);
        if (value_copy == NULL)
        {
            printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage, libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    if (option->val)
        free(option->val);
    option->val = value_copy;

    return option;
}

conninfo_uri_decode()

static char * conninfo_uri_decode ( const char *  str, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage  )

static

Definition at line 6284 of file fe-connect.c.

References buf, free, get_hexdigit(), libpq_gettext, malloc, printfPQExpBuffer(), and generate_unaccent_rules::str.

Referenced by conninfo_storeval(), and conninfo_uri_parse_params().

{
    char       *buf;
    char       *p;
    const char *q = str;

    buf = malloc(strlen(str) + 1);
    if (buf == NULL)
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage, libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
        return NULL;
    }
    p = buf;

    for (;;)
    {
        if (*q != '%')
        {
            /* copy and check for NUL terminator */
            if (!(*(p++) = *(q++)))
                break;
        }
        else
        {
            int         hi;
            int         lo;
            int         c;

            ++q;                /* skip the percent sign itself */

            /*
             * Possible EOL will be caught by the first call to
             * get_hexdigit(), so we never dereference an invalid q pointer.
             */
            if (!(get_hexdigit(*q++, &hi) && get_hexdigit(*q++, &lo)))
            {
                printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("invalid percent-encoded token: \"%s\"\n"),
                                  str);
                free(buf);
                return NULL;
            }

            c = (hi << 4) | lo;
            if (c == 0)
            {
                printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("forbidden value %%00 in percent-encoded value: \"%s\"\n"),
                                  str);
                free(buf);
                return NULL;
            }
            *(p++) = c;
        }
    }

    return buf;
}

conninfo_uri_parse()

static PQconninfoOption * conninfo_uri_parse ( const char *  uri, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage, bool  use_defaults  )

static

Definition at line 5856 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_add_defaults(), conninfo_init(), conninfo_uri_parse_options(), options, and PQconninfoFree().

Referenced by parse_connection_string().

{
    PQconninfoOption *options;

    /* Make a working copy of PQconninfoOptions */
    options = conninfo_init(errorMessage);
    if (options == NULL)
        return NULL;

    if (!conninfo_uri_parse_options(options, uri, errorMessage))
    {
        PQconninfoFree(options);
        return NULL;
    }

    /*
     * Add in defaults if the caller wants that.
     */
    if (use_defaults)
    {
        if (!conninfo_add_defaults(options, errorMessage))
        {
            PQconninfoFree(options);
            return NULL;
        }
    }

    return options;
}

conninfo_uri_parse_options()

static bool conninfo_uri_parse_options ( PQconninfoOption *  options, const char *  uri, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage  )

static

Definition at line 5909 of file fe-connect.c.

References appendPQExpBufferChar(), appendPQExpBufferStr(), buf, cleanup(), conninfo_storeval(), conninfo_uri_parse_params(), PQExpBufferData::data, dbname, free, initPQExpBuffer(), libpq_gettext, password, port, PQExpBufferDataBroken, printfPQExpBuffer(), termPQExpBuffer(), uri_prefix_length(), and user.

Referenced by conninfo_uri_parse().

{
    int         prefix_len;
    char       *p;
    char       *buf = NULL;
    char       *start;
    char        prevchar = '\0';
    char       *user = NULL;
    char       *host = NULL;
    bool        retval = false;
    PQExpBufferData hostbuf;
    PQExpBufferData portbuf;

    initPQExpBuffer(&hostbuf);
    initPQExpBuffer(&portbuf);
    if (PQExpBufferDataBroken(hostbuf) || PQExpBufferDataBroken(portbuf))
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
        goto cleanup;
    }

    /* need a modifiable copy of the input URI */
    buf = strdup(uri);
    if (buf == NULL)
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
        goto cleanup;
    }
    start = buf;

    /* Skip the URI prefix */
    prefix_len = uri_prefix_length(uri);
    if (prefix_len == 0)
    {
        /* Should never happen */
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("invalid URI propagated to internal parser routine: \"%s\"\n"),
                          uri);
        goto cleanup;
    }
    start += prefix_len;
    p = start;

    /* Look ahead for possible user credentials designator */
    while (*p && *p != '@' && *p != '/')
        ++p;
    if (*p == '@')
    {
        /*
         * Found username/password designator, so URI should be of the form
         * "scheme://user[:password]@[netloc]".
         */
        user = start;

        p = user;
        while (*p != ':' && *p != '@')
            ++p;

        /* Save last char and cut off at end of user name */
        prevchar = *p;
        *p = '\0';

        if (*user &&
            !conninfo_storeval(options, "user", user,
                               errorMessage, false, true))
            goto cleanup;

        if (prevchar == ':')
        {
            const char *password = p + 1;

            while (*p != '@')
                ++p;
            *p = '\0';

            if (*password &&
                !conninfo_storeval(options, "password", password,
                                   errorMessage, false, true))
                goto cleanup;
        }

        /* Advance past end of parsed user name or password token */
        ++p;
    }
    else
    {
        /*
         * No username/password designator found.  Reset to start of URI.
         */
        p = start;
    }

    /*
     * There may be multiple netloc[:port] pairs, each separated from the next
     * by a comma.  When we initially enter this loop, "p" has been
     * incremented past optional URI credential information at this point and
     * now points at the "netloc" part of the URI.  On subsequent loop
     * iterations, "p" has been incremented past the comma separator and now
     * points at the start of the next "netloc".
     */
    for (;;)
    {
        /*
         * Look for IPv6 address.
         */
        if (*p == '[')
        {
            host = ++p;
            while (*p && *p != ']')
                ++p;
            if (!*p)
            {
                printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("end of string reached when looking for matching \"]\" in IPv6 host address in URI: \"%s\"\n"),
                                  uri);
                goto cleanup;
            }
            if (p == host)
            {
                printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("IPv6 host address may not be empty in URI: \"%s\"\n"),
                                  uri);
                goto cleanup;
            }

            /* Cut off the bracket and advance */
            *(p++) = '\0';

            /*
             * The address may be followed by a port specifier or a slash or a
             * query or a separator comma.
             */
            if (*p && *p != ':' && *p != '/' && *p != '?' && *p != ',')
            {
                printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("unexpected character \"%c\" at position %d in URI (expected \":\" or \"/\"): \"%s\"\n"),
                                  *p, (int) (p - buf + 1), uri);
                goto cleanup;
            }
        }
        else
        {
            /* not an IPv6 address: DNS-named or IPv4 netloc */
            host = p;

            /*
             * Look for port specifier (colon) or end of host specifier
             * (slash) or query (question mark) or host separator (comma).
             */
            while (*p && *p != ':' && *p != '/' && *p != '?' && *p != ',')
                ++p;
        }

        /* Save the hostname terminator before we null it */
        prevchar = *p;
        *p = '\0';

        appendPQExpBufferStr(&hostbuf, host);

        if (prevchar == ':')
        {
            const char *port = ++p; /* advance past host terminator */

            while (*p && *p != '/' && *p != '?' && *p != ',')
                ++p;

            prevchar = *p;
            *p = '\0';

            appendPQExpBufferStr(&portbuf, port);
        }

        if (prevchar != ',')
            break;
        ++p;                    /* advance past comma separator */
        appendPQExpBufferChar(&hostbuf, ',');
        appendPQExpBufferChar(&portbuf, ',');
    }

    /* Save final values for host and port. */
    if (PQExpBufferDataBroken(hostbuf) || PQExpBufferDataBroken(portbuf))
        goto cleanup;
    if (hostbuf.data[0] &&
        !conninfo_storeval(options, "host", hostbuf.data,
                           errorMessage, false, true))
        goto cleanup;
    if (portbuf.data[0] &&
        !conninfo_storeval(options, "port", portbuf.data,
                           errorMessage, false, true))
        goto cleanup;

    if (prevchar && prevchar != '?')
    {
        const char *dbname = ++p;   /* advance past host terminator */

        /* Look for query parameters */
        while (*p && *p != '?')
            ++p;

        prevchar = *p;
        *p = '\0';

        /*
         * Avoid setting dbname to an empty string, as it forces the default
         * value (username) and ignores $PGDATABASE, as opposed to not setting
         * it at all.
         */
        if (*dbname &&
            !conninfo_storeval(options, "dbname", dbname,
                               errorMessage, false, true))
            goto cleanup;
    }

    if (prevchar)
    {
        ++p;                    /* advance past terminator */

        if (!conninfo_uri_parse_params(p, options, errorMessage))
            goto cleanup;
    }

    /* everything parsed okay */
    retval = true;

cleanup:
    termPQExpBuffer(&hostbuf);
    termPQExpBuffer(&portbuf);
    if (buf)
        free(buf);
    return retval;
}

conninfo_uri_parse_params()

static bool conninfo_uri_parse_params ( char *  params, PQconninfoOption *  connOptions, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage  )

static

Definition at line 6153 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_storeval(), conninfo_uri_decode(), free, _internalPQconninfoOption::keyword, PQExpBufferData::len, libpq_gettext, printfPQExpBuffer(), and value.

Referenced by conninfo_uri_parse_options().

{
    while (*params)
    {
        char       *keyword = params;
        char       *value = NULL;
        char       *p = params;
        bool        malloced = false;

        /*
         * Scan the params string for '=' and '&', marking the end of keyword
         * and value respectively.
         */
        for (;;)
        {
            if (*p == '=')
            {
                /* Was there '=' already? */
                if (value != NULL)
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("extra key/value separator \"=\" in URI query parameter: \"%s\"\n"),
                                      keyword);
                    return false;
                }
                /* Cut off keyword, advance to value */
                *p++ = '\0';
                value = p;
            }
            else if (*p == '&' || *p == '\0')
            {
                /*
                 * If not at the end, cut off value and advance; leave p
                 * pointing to start of the next parameter, if any.
                 */
                if (*p != '\0')
                    *p++ = '\0';
                /* Was there '=' at all? */
                if (value == NULL)
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("missing key/value separator \"=\" in URI query parameter: \"%s\"\n"),
                                      keyword);
                    return false;
                }
                /* Got keyword and value, go process them. */
                break;
            }
            else
                ++p;            /* Advance over all other bytes. */
        }

        keyword = conninfo_uri_decode(keyword, errorMessage);
        if (keyword == NULL)
        {
            /* conninfo_uri_decode already set an error message */
            return false;
        }
        value = conninfo_uri_decode(value, errorMessage);
        if (value == NULL)
        {
            /* conninfo_uri_decode already set an error message */
            free(keyword);
            return false;
        }
        malloced = true;

        /*
         * Special keyword handling for improved JDBC compatibility.
         */
        if (strcmp(keyword, "ssl") == 0 &&
            strcmp(value, "true") == 0)
        {
            free(keyword);
            free(value);
            malloced = false;

            keyword = "sslmode";
            value = "require";
        }

        /*
         * Store the value if the corresponding option exists; ignore
         * otherwise.  At this point both keyword and value are not
         * URI-encoded.
         */
        if (!conninfo_storeval(connOptions, keyword, value,
                               errorMessage, true, false))
        {
            /* Insert generic message if conninfo_storeval didn't give one. */
            if (errorMessage->len == 0)
                printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("invalid URI query parameter: \"%s\"\n"),
                                  keyword);
            /* And fail. */
            if (malloced)
            {
                free(keyword);
                free(value);
            }
            return false;
        }

        if (malloced)
        {
            free(keyword);
            free(value);
        }

        /* Proceed to next key=value pair, if any */
        params = p;
    }

    return true;
}

count_comma_separated_elems()

static int count_comma_separated_elems ( const char *  input )

static

Definition at line 945 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by connectOptions2().

{
    int         n;

    n = 1;
    for (; *input != '\0'; input++)
    {
        if (*input == ',')
            n++;
    }

    return n;
}

default_threadlock()

static void default_threadlock ( int  acquire )

static

Definition at line 7241 of file fe-connect.c.

References pthread_mutex_init(), pthread_mutex_lock(), and pthread_mutex_unlock().

Referenced by PQregisterThreadLock().

{
#ifdef ENABLE_THREAD_SAFETY
#ifndef WIN32
    static pthread_mutex_t singlethread_lock = PTHREAD_MUTEX_INITIALIZER;
#else
    static pthread_mutex_t singlethread_lock = NULL;
    static long mutex_initlock = 0;

    if (singlethread_lock == NULL)
    {
        while (InterlockedExchange(&mutex_initlock, 1) == 1)
             /* loop, another thread own the lock */ ;
        if (singlethread_lock == NULL)
        {
            if (pthread_mutex_init(&singlethread_lock, NULL))
                PGTHREAD_ERROR("failed to initialize mutex");
        }
        InterlockedExchange(&mutex_initlock, 0);
    }
#endif
    if (acquire)
    {
        if (pthread_mutex_lock(&singlethread_lock))
            PGTHREAD_ERROR("failed to lock mutex");
    }
    else
    {
        if (pthread_mutex_unlock(&singlethread_lock))
            PGTHREAD_ERROR("failed to unlock mutex");
    }
#endif
}

defaultNoticeProcessor()

static void defaultNoticeProcessor ( void *  arg, const char *  message  )

static

Definition at line 6905 of file fe-connect.c.

References fprintf.

Referenced by makeEmptyPGconn().

{
    (void) arg;                 /* not used */
    /* Note: we expect the supplied string to end with a newline already. */
    fprintf(stderr, "%s", message);
}

defaultNoticeReceiver()

static void defaultNoticeReceiver ( void *  arg, const PGresult *  res  )

static

Definition at line 6890 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_result::noticeHooks, PGNoticeHooks::noticeProc, PGNoticeHooks::noticeProcArg, and PQresultErrorMessage().

Referenced by makeEmptyPGconn().

{
    (void) arg;                 /* not used */
    if (res->noticeHooks.noticeProc != NULL)
        res->noticeHooks.noticeProc(res->noticeHooks.noticeProcArg,
                                    PQresultErrorMessage(res));
}

fillPGconn()

static bool fillPGconn ( PGconn *  conn, PQconninfoOption *  connOptions  )

static

Definition at line 866 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_getval(), _internalPQconninfoOption::connofs, pg_conn::errorMessage, free, _internalPQconninfoOption::keyword, libpq_gettext, and printfPQExpBuffer().

Referenced by connectOptions1(), and PQconnectStartParams().

{
    const internalPQconninfoOption *option;

    for (option = PQconninfoOptions; option->keyword; option++)
    {
        if (option->connofs >= 0)
        {
            const char *tmp = conninfo_getval(connOptions, option->keyword);

            if (tmp)
            {
                char      **connmember = (char **) ((char *) conn + option->connofs);

                if (*connmember)
                    free(*connmember);
                *connmember = strdup(tmp);
                if (*connmember == NULL)
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    return true;
}

freePGconn()

static void freePGconn ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 3957 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::appname, pg_conn::channel_binding, pg_conn::client_encoding_initial, PGEventConnDestroy::conn, conn, pg_conn::connect_timeout, pg_conn::connhost, pg_conn::connip, pg_conn::dbName, pg_conn::errorMessage, pg_conn::events, explicit_bzero(), pg_conn::fbappname, free, pg_conn::gssencmode, pg_conn::gsslib, pg_conn_host::host, pg_conn_host::hostaddr, i, pg_conn::inBuffer, pg_conn::keepalives, pg_conn::keepalives_count, pg_conn::keepalives_idle, pg_conn::keepalives_interval, pg_conn::krbsrvname, pg_conn::last_query, PGEvent::name, pg_conn::nconnhost, pg_conn::nEvents, pg_conn::outBuffer, PGEvent::passThrough, pg_conn_host::password, PGEVT_CONNDESTROY, pg_conn::pghost, pg_conn::pghostaddr, pg_conn::pgoptions, pg_conn::pgpass, pg_conn::pgpassfile, pg_conn::pgport, pg_conn::pgtcp_user_timeout, pg_conn::pgtty, pg_conn::pguser, pg_conn_host::port, PGEvent::proc, pg_conn::replication, pg_conn::requirepeer, pg_conn::rowBuf, pg_conn::ssl_max_protocol_version, pg_conn::ssl_min_protocol_version, pg_conn::sslcert, pg_conn::sslcompression, pg_conn::sslcrl, pg_conn::sslkey, pg_conn::sslmode, pg_conn::sslpassword, pg_conn::sslrootcert, pg_conn::target_session_attrs, termPQExpBuffer(), pg_conn::workBuffer, and pg_conn::write_err_msg.

Referenced by makeEmptyPGconn(), and PQfinish().

{
    int         i;

    /* let any event procs clean up their state data */
    for (i = 0; i < conn->nEvents; i++)
    {
        PGEventConnDestroy evt;

        evt.conn = conn;
        (void) conn->events[i].proc(PGEVT_CONNDESTROY, &evt,
                                    conn->events[i].passThrough);
        free(conn->events[i].name);
    }

    /* clean up pg_conn_host structures */
    if (conn->connhost != NULL)
    {
        for (i = 0; i < conn->nconnhost; ++i)
        {
            if (conn->connhost[i].host != NULL)
                free(conn->connhost[i].host);
            if (conn->connhost[i].hostaddr != NULL)
                free(conn->connhost[i].hostaddr);
            if (conn->connhost[i].port != NULL)
                free(conn->connhost[i].port);
            if (conn->connhost[i].password != NULL)
            {
                explicit_bzero(conn->connhost[i].password, strlen(conn->connhost[i].password));
                free(conn->connhost[i].password);
            }
        }
        free(conn->connhost);
    }

    if (conn->client_encoding_initial)
        free(conn->client_encoding_initial);
    if (conn->events)
        free(conn->events);
    if (conn->pghost)
        free(conn->pghost);
    if (conn->pghostaddr)
        free(conn->pghostaddr);
    if (conn->pgport)
        free(conn->pgport);
    if (conn->pgtty)
        free(conn->pgtty);
    if (conn->connect_timeout)
        free(conn->connect_timeout);
    if (conn->pgtcp_user_timeout)
        free(conn->pgtcp_user_timeout);
    if (conn->pgoptions)
        free(conn->pgoptions);
    if (conn->appname)
        free(conn->appname);
    if (conn->fbappname)
        free(conn->fbappname);
    if (conn->dbName)
        free(conn->dbName);
    if (conn->replication)
        free(conn->replication);
    if (conn->pguser)
        free(conn->pguser);
    if (conn->pgpass)
    {
        explicit_bzero(conn->pgpass, strlen(conn->pgpass));
        free(conn->pgpass);
    }
    if (conn->pgpassfile)
        free(conn->pgpassfile);
    if (conn->channel_binding)
        free(conn->channel_binding);
    if (conn->keepalives)
        free(conn->keepalives);
    if (conn->keepalives_idle)
        free(conn->keepalives_idle);
    if (conn->keepalives_interval)
        free(conn->keepalives_interval);
    if (conn->keepalives_count)
        free(conn->keepalives_count);
    if (conn->sslmode)
        free(conn->sslmode);
    if (conn->sslcert)
        free(conn->sslcert);
    if (conn->sslkey)
        free(conn->sslkey);
    if (conn->sslpassword)
    {
        explicit_bzero(conn->sslpassword, strlen(conn->sslpassword));
        free(conn->sslpassword);
    }
    if (conn->sslrootcert)
        free(conn->sslrootcert);
    if (conn->sslcrl)
        free(conn->sslcrl);
    if (conn->sslcompression)
        free(conn->sslcompression);
    if (conn->requirepeer)
        free(conn->requirepeer);
    if (conn->ssl_min_protocol_version)
        free(conn->ssl_min_protocol_version);
    if (conn->ssl_max_protocol_version)
        free(conn->ssl_max_protocol_version);
    if (conn->gssencmode)
        free(conn->gssencmode);
    if (conn->krbsrvname)
        free(conn->krbsrvname);
    if (conn->gsslib)
        free(conn->gsslib);
    if (conn->connip)
        free(conn->connip);
#ifdef ENABLE_GSS
    if (conn->gcred != GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL)
    {
        OM_uint32   minor;

        gss_release_cred(&minor, &conn->gcred);
        conn->gcred = GSS_C_NO_CREDENTIAL;
    }
    if (conn->gctx)
    {
        OM_uint32   minor;

        gss_delete_sec_context(&minor, &conn->gctx, GSS_C_NO_BUFFER);
        conn->gctx = NULL;
    }
#endif
    /* Note that conn->Pfdebug is not ours to close or free */
    if (conn->last_query)
        free(conn->last_query);
    if (conn->write_err_msg)
        free(conn->write_err_msg);
    if (conn->inBuffer)
        free(conn->inBuffer);
    if (conn->outBuffer)
        free(conn->outBuffer);
    if (conn->rowBuf)
        free(conn->rowBuf);
    if (conn->target_session_attrs)
        free(conn->target_session_attrs);
    termPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage);
    termPQExpBuffer(&conn->workBuffer);

    free(conn);

#ifdef WIN32
    WSACleanup();
#endif
}

get_hexdigit()

static bool get_hexdigit ( char  digit, int *  value  )

static

Definition at line 6352 of file fe-connect.c.

Referenced by conninfo_uri_decode().

{
    if ('0' <= digit && digit <= '9')
        *value = digit - '0';
    else if ('A' <= digit && digit <= 'F')
        *value = digit - 'A' + 10;
    else if ('a' <= digit && digit <= 'f')
        *value = digit - 'a' + 10;
    else
        return false;

    return true;
}

getHostaddr()

static void getHostaddr ( PGconn *  conn, char *  host_addr, int  host_addr_len  )

static

Definition at line 1632 of file fe-connect.c.

References SockAddr::addr, pg_inet_net_ntop(), and pg_conn::raddr.

Referenced by connectFailureMessage(), and PQconnectPoll().

{
    struct sockaddr_storage *addr = &conn->raddr.addr;

    if (addr->ss_family == AF_INET)
    {
        if (pg_inet_net_ntop(AF_INET,
                             &((struct sockaddr_in *) addr)->sin_addr.s_addr,
                             32,
                             host_addr, host_addr_len) == NULL)
            host_addr[0] = '\0';
    }
#ifdef HAVE_IPV6
    else if (addr->ss_family == AF_INET6)
    {
        if (pg_inet_net_ntop(AF_INET6,
                             &((struct sockaddr_in6 *) addr)->sin6_addr.s6_addr,
                             128,
                             host_addr, host_addr_len) == NULL)
            host_addr[0] = '\0';
    }
#endif
    else
        host_addr[0] = '\0';
}

internal_cancel()

static int internal_cancel ( SockAddr *  raddr, int  be_pid, int  be_key, char *  errbuf, int  errbufsize  )

static

Definition at line 4361 of file fe-connect.c.

References SockAddr::addr, CANCEL_REQUEST_CODE, closesocket, connect, EINTR, pg_hton32, PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN, PGINVALID_SOCKET, recv, SockAddr::salen, send, SOCK_ERRNO, SOCK_ERRNO_SET, SOCK_STRERROR, socket, and strlcpy().

Referenced by PQcancel(), and PQrequestCancel().

{
    int         save_errno = SOCK_ERRNO;
    pgsocket    tmpsock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
    char        sebuf[PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN];
    int         maxlen;
    struct
    {
        uint32      packetlen;
        CancelRequestPacket cp;
    }           crp;

    /*
     * We need to open a temporary connection to the postmaster. Do this with
     * only kernel calls.
     */
    if ((tmpsock = socket(raddr->addr.ss_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0)) == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
    {
        strlcpy(errbuf, "PQcancel() -- socket() failed: ", errbufsize);
        goto cancel_errReturn;
    }
retry3:
    if (connect(tmpsock, (struct sockaddr *) &raddr->addr,
                raddr->salen) < 0)
    {
        if (SOCK_ERRNO == EINTR)
            /* Interrupted system call - we'll just try again */
            goto retry3;
        strlcpy(errbuf, "PQcancel() -- connect() failed: ", errbufsize);
        goto cancel_errReturn;
    }

    /*
     * We needn't set nonblocking I/O or NODELAY options here.
     */

    /* Create and send the cancel request packet. */

    crp.packetlen = pg_hton32((uint32) sizeof(crp));
    crp.cp.cancelRequestCode = (MsgType) pg_hton32(CANCEL_REQUEST_CODE);
    crp.cp.backendPID = pg_hton32(be_pid);
    crp.cp.cancelAuthCode = pg_hton32(be_key);

retry4:
    if (send(tmpsock, (char *) &crp, sizeof(crp), 0) != (int) sizeof(crp))
    {
        if (SOCK_ERRNO == EINTR)
            /* Interrupted system call - we'll just try again */
            goto retry4;
        strlcpy(errbuf, "PQcancel() -- send() failed: ", errbufsize);
        goto cancel_errReturn;
    }

    /*
     * Wait for the postmaster to close the connection, which indicates that
     * it's processed the request.  Without this delay, we might issue another
     * command only to find that our cancel zaps that command instead of the
     * one we thought we were canceling.  Note we don't actually expect this
     * read to obtain any data, we are just waiting for EOF to be signaled.
     */
retry5:
    if (recv(tmpsock, (char *) &crp, 1, 0) < 0)
    {
        if (SOCK_ERRNO == EINTR)
            /* Interrupted system call - we'll just try again */
            goto retry5;
        /* we ignore other error conditions */
    }

    /* All done */
    closesocket(tmpsock);
    SOCK_ERRNO_SET(save_errno);
    return true;

cancel_errReturn:

    /*
     * Make sure we don't overflow the error buffer. Leave space for the \n at
     * the end, and for the terminating zero.
     */
    maxlen = errbufsize - strlen(errbuf) - 2;
    if (maxlen >= 0)
    {
        strncat(errbuf, SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)),
                maxlen);
        strcat(errbuf, "\n");
    }
    if (tmpsock != PGINVALID_SOCKET)
        closesocket(tmpsock);
    SOCK_ERRNO_SET(save_errno);
    return false;
}

internal_ping()

static PGPing internal_ping ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 3801 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::auth_req_received, connectDBComplete(), CONNECTION_BAD, ERRCODE_CANNOT_CONNECT_NOW, pg_conn::last_sqlstate, pg_conn::options_valid, PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT, PQPING_NO_RESPONSE, PQPING_OK, PQPING_REJECT, and pg_conn::status.

Referenced by PQping(), and PQpingParams().

{
    /* Say "no attempt" if we never got to PQconnectPoll */
    if (!conn || !conn->options_valid)
        return PQPING_NO_ATTEMPT;

    /* Attempt to complete the connection */
    if (conn->status != CONNECTION_BAD)
        (void) connectDBComplete(conn);

    /* Definitely OK if we succeeded */
    if (conn->status != CONNECTION_BAD)
        return PQPING_OK;

    /*
     * Here begins the interesting part of "ping": determine the cause of the
     * failure in sufficient detail to decide what to return.  We do not want
     * to report that the server is not up just because we didn't have a valid
     * password, for example.  In fact, any sort of authentication request
     * implies the server is up.  (We need this check since the libpq side of
     * things might have pulled the plug on the connection before getting an
     * error as such from the postmaster.)
     */
    if (conn->auth_req_received)
        return PQPING_OK;

    /*
     * If we failed to get any ERROR response from the postmaster, report
     * PQPING_NO_RESPONSE.  This result could be somewhat misleading for a
     * pre-7.4 server, since it won't send back a SQLSTATE, but those are long
     * out of support.  Another corner case where the server could return a
     * failure without a SQLSTATE is fork failure, but PQPING_NO_RESPONSE
     * isn't totally unreasonable for that anyway.  We expect that every other
     * failure case in a modern server will produce a report with a SQLSTATE.
     *
     * NOTE: whenever we get around to making libpq generate SQLSTATEs for
     * client-side errors, we should either not store those into
     * last_sqlstate, or add an extra flag so we can tell client-side errors
     * apart from server-side ones.
     */
    if (strlen(conn->last_sqlstate) != 5)
        return PQPING_NO_RESPONSE;

    /*
     * Report PQPING_REJECT if server says it's not accepting connections. (We
     * distinguish this case mainly for the convenience of pg_ctl.)
     */
    if (strcmp(conn->last_sqlstate, ERRCODE_CANNOT_CONNECT_NOW) == 0)
        return PQPING_REJECT;

    /*
     * Any other SQLSTATE can be taken to indicate that the server is up.
     * Presumably it didn't like our username, password, or database name; or
     * perhaps it had some transient failure, but that should not be taken as
     * meaning "it's down".
     */
    return PQPING_OK;
}

makeEmptyPGconn()

static PGconn * makeEmptyPGconn ( void  )

static

Definition at line 3866 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::asyncStatus, pg_conn::client_encoding, conn, CONNECTION_BAD, defaultNoticeProcessor(), defaultNoticeReceiver(), pg_conn::errorMessage, freePGconn(), pg_conn::inBuffer, pg_conn::inBufSize, initPQExpBuffer(), malloc, MemSet, pg_conn::nonblocking, pg_conn::noticeHooks, PGNoticeHooks::noticeProc, PGNoticeHooks::noticeRec, pg_conn::options_valid, pg_conn::outBuffer, pg_conn::outBufSize, PG_SQL_ASCII, PGASYNC_IDLE, PGINVALID_SOCKET, PQERRORS_DEFAULT, PQExpBufferBroken, PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ERRORS, PQTRANS_IDLE, pg_conn::rowBuf, pg_conn::rowBufLen, pg_conn::setenv_state, SETENV_STATE_IDLE, pg_conn::show_context, pg_conn::sock, pg_conn::status, pg_conn::std_strings, pg_conn::verbosity, pg_conn::workBuffer, and pg_conn::xactStatus.

Referenced by PQconnectStart(), PQconnectStartParams(), and PQsetdbLogin().

{
    PGconn     *conn;

#ifdef WIN32

    /*
     * Make sure socket support is up and running.
     */
    WSADATA     wsaData;

    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(1, 1), &wsaData))
        return NULL;
    WSASetLastError(0);
#endif

    conn = (PGconn *) malloc(sizeof(PGconn));
    if (conn == NULL)
    {
#ifdef WIN32
        WSACleanup();
#endif
        return conn;
    }

    /* Zero all pointers and booleans */
    MemSet(conn, 0, sizeof(PGconn));

    /* install default notice hooks */
    conn->noticeHooks.noticeRec = defaultNoticeReceiver;
    conn->noticeHooks.noticeProc = defaultNoticeProcessor;

    conn->status = CONNECTION_BAD;
    conn->asyncStatus = PGASYNC_IDLE;
    conn->xactStatus = PQTRANS_IDLE;
    conn->options_valid = false;
    conn->nonblocking = false;
    conn->setenv_state = SETENV_STATE_IDLE;
    conn->client_encoding = PG_SQL_ASCII;
    conn->std_strings = false;  /* unless server says differently */
    conn->verbosity = PQERRORS_DEFAULT;
    conn->show_context = PQSHOW_CONTEXT_ERRORS;
    conn->sock = PGINVALID_SOCKET;
#ifdef ENABLE_GSS
    conn->try_gss = true;
#endif

    /*
     * We try to send at least 8K at a time, which is the usual size of pipe
     * buffers on Unix systems.  That way, when we are sending a large amount
     * of data, we avoid incurring extra kernel context swaps for partial
     * bufferloads.  The output buffer is initially made 16K in size, and we
     * try to dump it after accumulating 8K.
     *
     * With the same goal of minimizing context swaps, the input buffer will
     * be enlarged anytime it has less than 8K free, so we initially allocate
     * twice that.
     */
    conn->inBufSize = 16 * 1024;
    conn->inBuffer = (char *) malloc(conn->inBufSize);
    conn->outBufSize = 16 * 1024;
    conn->outBuffer = (char *) malloc(conn->outBufSize);
    conn->rowBufLen = 32;
    conn->rowBuf = (PGdataValue *) malloc(conn->rowBufLen * sizeof(PGdataValue));
    initPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage);
    initPQExpBuffer(&conn->workBuffer);

    if (conn->inBuffer == NULL ||
        conn->outBuffer == NULL ||
        conn->rowBuf == NULL ||
        PQExpBufferBroken(&conn->errorMessage) ||
        PQExpBufferBroken(&conn->workBuffer))
    {
        /* out of memory already :-( */
        freePGconn(conn);
        conn = NULL;
    }

    return conn;
}

parse_comma_separated_list()

static char* parse_comma_separated_list ( char **  startptr, bool *  more  )

static

Definition at line 969 of file fe-connect.c.

References malloc, and startptr.

Referenced by connectOptions2().

{
    char       *p;
    char       *s = *startptr;
    char       *e;
    int         len;

    /*
     * Search for the end of the current element; a comma or end-of-string
     * acts as a terminator.
     */
    e = s;
    while (*e != '\0' && *e != ',')
        ++e;
    *more = (*e == ',');

    len = e - s;
    p = (char *) malloc(sizeof(char) * (len + 1));
    if (p)
    {
        memcpy(p, s, len);
        p[len] = '\0';
    }
    *startptr = e + 1;

    return p;
}

parse_connection_string()

static PQconninfoOption * parse_connection_string ( const char *  conninfo, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage, bool  use_defaults  )

static

Definition at line 5355 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_parse(), conninfo_uri_parse(), and uri_prefix_length().

Referenced by connectOptions1(), conninfo_array_parse(), and PQconninfoParse().

{
    /* Parse as URI if connection string matches URI prefix */
    if (uri_prefix_length(connstr) != 0)
        return conninfo_uri_parse(connstr, errorMessage, use_defaults);

    /* Parse as default otherwise */
    return conninfo_parse(connstr, errorMessage, use_defaults);
}

parse_int_param()

static bool parse_int_param ( const char *  value, int *  result, PGconn *  conn, const char *  context  )

static

Definition at line 1757 of file fe-connect.c.

References appendPQExpBuffer(), Assert, error(), pg_conn::errorMessage, and libpq_gettext.

Referenced by connectDBComplete(), PQconnectPoll(), setKeepalivesCount(), setKeepalivesIdle(), setKeepalivesInterval(), and setTCPUserTimeout().

{
    char       *end;
    long        numval;

    Assert(value != NULL);

    *result = 0;

    /* strtol(3) skips leading whitespaces */
    errno = 0;
    numval = strtol(value, &end, 10);

    /*
     * If no progress was done during the parsing or an error happened, fail.
     * This tests properly for overflows of the result.
     */
    if (value == end || errno != 0 || numval != (int) numval)
        goto error;

    /*
     * Skip any trailing whitespace; if anything but whitespace remains before
     * the terminating character, fail
     */
    while (*end != '\0' && isspace((unsigned char) *end))
        end++;

    if (*end != '\0')
        goto error;

    *result = numval;
    return true;

error:
    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                      libpq_gettext("invalid integer value \"%s\" for connection option \"%s\"\n"),
                      value, context);
    return false;
}

parseServiceFile()

static int parseServiceFile ( const char *  serviceFile, const char *  service, PQconninfoOption *  options, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage, bool *  group_found  )

static

Definition at line 5115 of file fe-connect.c.

References buf, i, sort-test::key, _internalPQconninfoOption::keyword, _PQconninfoOption::keyword, libpq_gettext, MAXBUFSIZE, printfPQExpBuffer(), _internalPQconninfoOption::val, and _PQconninfoOption::val.

Referenced by parseServiceInfo().

{
    int         linenr = 0,
                i;
    FILE       *f;
    char        buf[MAXBUFSIZE],
               *line;

    f = fopen(serviceFile, "r");
    if (f == NULL)
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage, libpq_gettext("service file \"%s\" not found\n"),
                          serviceFile);
        return 1;
    }

    while ((line = fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), f)) != NULL)
    {
        int         len;

        linenr++;

        if (strlen(line) >= sizeof(buf) - 1)
        {
            fclose(f);
            printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("line %d too long in service file \"%s\"\n"),
                              linenr,
                              serviceFile);
            return 2;
        }

        /* ignore whitespace at end of line, especially the newline */
        len = strlen(line);
        while (len > 0 && isspace((unsigned char) line[len - 1]))
            line[--len] = '\0';

        /* ignore leading whitespace too */
        while (*line && isspace((unsigned char) line[0]))
            line++;

        /* ignore comments and empty lines */
        if (line[0] == '\0' || line[0] == '#')
            continue;

        /* Check for right groupname */
        if (line[0] == '[')
        {
            if (*group_found)
            {
                /* group info already read */
                fclose(f);
                return 0;
            }

            if (strncmp(line + 1, service, strlen(service)) == 0 &&
                line[strlen(service) + 1] == ']')
                *group_found = true;
            else
                *group_found = false;
        }
        else
        {
            if (*group_found)
            {
                /*
                 * Finally, we are in the right group and can parse the line
                 */
                char       *key,
                           *val;
                bool        found_keyword;

#ifdef USE_LDAP
                if (strncmp(line, "ldap", 4) == 0)
                {
                    int         rc = ldapServiceLookup(line, options, errorMessage);

                    /* if rc = 2, go on reading for fallback */
                    switch (rc)
                    {
                        case 0:
                            fclose(f);
                            return 0;
                        case 1:
                        case 3:
                            fclose(f);
                            return 3;
                        case 2:
                            continue;
                    }
                }
#endif

                key = line;
                val = strchr(line, '=');
                if (val == NULL)
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("syntax error in service file \"%s\", line %d\n"),
                                      serviceFile,
                                      linenr);
                    fclose(f);
                    return 3;
                }
                *val++ = '\0';

                if (strcmp(key, "service") == 0)
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("nested service specifications not supported in service file \"%s\", line %d\n"),
                                      serviceFile,
                                      linenr);
                    fclose(f);
                    return 3;
                }

                /*
                 * Set the parameter --- but don't override any previous
                 * explicit setting.
                 */
                found_keyword = false;
                for (i = 0; options[i].keyword; i++)
                {
                    if (strcmp(options[i].keyword, key) == 0)
                    {
                        if (options[i].val == NULL)
                            options[i].val = strdup(val);
                        if (!options[i].val)
                        {
                            printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                              libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                            fclose(f);
                            return 3;
                        }
                        found_keyword = true;
                        break;
                    }
                }

                if (!found_keyword)
                {
                    printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("syntax error in service file \"%s\", line %d\n"),
                                      serviceFile,
                                      linenr);
                    fclose(f);
                    return 3;
                }
            }
        }
    }

    fclose(f);

    return 0;
}

parseServiceInfo()

static int parseServiceInfo ( PQconninfoOption *  options, PQExpBuffer  errorMessage  )

static

Definition at line 5046 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_getval(), libpq_gettext, MAXPGPATH, parseServiceFile(), pqGetHomeDirectory(), printfPQExpBuffer(), snprintf, stat, status(), and strlcpy().

Referenced by conninfo_add_defaults().

{
    const char *service = conninfo_getval(options, "service");
    char        serviceFile[MAXPGPATH];
    char       *env;
    bool        group_found = false;
    int         status;
    struct stat stat_buf;

    /*
     * We have to special-case the environment variable PGSERVICE here, since
     * this is and should be called before inserting environment defaults for
     * other connection options.
     */
    if (service == NULL)
        service = getenv("PGSERVICE");

    /* If no service name given, nothing to do */
    if (service == NULL)
        return 0;

    /*
     * Try PGSERVICEFILE if specified, else try ~/.pg_service.conf (if that
     * exists).
     */
    if ((env = getenv("PGSERVICEFILE")) != NULL)
        strlcpy(serviceFile, env, sizeof(serviceFile));
    else
    {
        char        homedir[MAXPGPATH];

        if (!pqGetHomeDirectory(homedir, sizeof(homedir)))
            goto next_file;
        snprintf(serviceFile, MAXPGPATH, "%s/%s", homedir, ".pg_service.conf");
        if (stat(serviceFile, &stat_buf) != 0)
            goto next_file;
    }

    status = parseServiceFile(serviceFile, service, options, errorMessage, &group_found);
    if (group_found || status != 0)
        return status;

next_file:

    /*
     * This could be used by any application so we can't use the binary
     * location to find our config files.
     */
    snprintf(serviceFile, MAXPGPATH, "%s/pg_service.conf",
             getenv("PGSYSCONFDIR") ? getenv("PGSYSCONFDIR") : SYSCONFDIR);
    if (stat(serviceFile, &stat_buf) != 0)
        goto last_file;

    status = parseServiceFile(serviceFile, service, options, errorMessage, &group_found);
    if (status != 0)
        return status;

last_file:
    if (!group_found)
    {
        printfPQExpBuffer(errorMessage,
                          libpq_gettext("definition of service \"%s\" not found\n"), service);
        return 3;
    }

    return 0;
}

passwordFromFile()

static char * passwordFromFile ( const char *  hostname, const char *  port, const char *  dbname, const char *  username, const char *  pgpassfile  )

static

Definition at line 6954 of file fe-connect.c.

References buf, DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR, DefaultHost, explicit_bzero(), fprintf, is_absolute_path, libpq_gettext, LINELEN, pg_strip_crlf(), pwdfMatchesString(), S_IRWXG, S_IRWXO, S_ISREG, and stat.

Referenced by connectOptions2().

{
    FILE       *fp;
    struct stat stat_buf;
    int         line_number = 0;

#define LINELEN NAMEDATALEN*5
    char        buf[LINELEN];

    if (dbname == NULL || dbname[0] == '\0')
        return NULL;

    if (username == NULL || username[0] == '\0')
        return NULL;

    /* 'localhost' matches pghost of '' or the default socket directory */
    if (hostname == NULL || hostname[0] == '\0')
        hostname = DefaultHost;
    else if (is_absolute_path(hostname))

        /*
         * We should probably use canonicalize_path(), but then we have to
         * bring path.c into libpq, and it doesn't seem worth it.
         */
        if (strcmp(hostname, DEFAULT_PGSOCKET_DIR) == 0)
            hostname = DefaultHost;

    if (port == NULL || port[0] == '\0')
        port = DEF_PGPORT_STR;

    /* If password file cannot be opened, ignore it. */
    if (stat(pgpassfile, &stat_buf) != 0)
        return NULL;

#ifndef WIN32
    if (!S_ISREG(stat_buf.st_mode))
    {
        fprintf(stderr,
                libpq_gettext("WARNING: password file \"%s\" is not a plain file\n"),
                pgpassfile);
        return NULL;
    }

    /* If password file is insecure, alert the user and ignore it. */
    if (stat_buf.st_mode & (S_IRWXG | S_IRWXO))
    {
        fprintf(stderr,
                libpq_gettext("WARNING: password file \"%s\" has group or world access; permissions should be u=rw (0600) or less\n"),
                pgpassfile);
        return NULL;
    }
#else

    /*
     * On Win32, the directory is protected, so we don't have to check the
     * file.
     */
#endif

    fp = fopen(pgpassfile, "r");
    if (fp == NULL)
        return NULL;

    while (!feof(fp) && !ferror(fp))
    {
        char       *t = buf,
                   *ret,
                   *p1,
                   *p2;
        int         len;
        int         buflen;

        if (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp) == NULL)
            break;

        line_number++;
        buflen = strlen(buf);
        if (buflen >= sizeof(buf) - 1 && buf[buflen - 1] != '\n')
        {
            char        rest[LINELEN];
            int         restlen;

            /*
             * Warn if this password setting line is too long, because it's
             * unexpectedly truncated.
             */
            if (buf[0] != '#')
                fprintf(stderr,
                        libpq_gettext("WARNING: line %d too long in password file \"%s\"\n"),
                        line_number, pgpassfile);

            /* eat rest of the line */
            while (!feof(fp) && !ferror(fp))
            {
                if (fgets(rest, sizeof(rest), fp) == NULL)
                    break;
                restlen = strlen(rest);
                if (restlen < sizeof(rest) - 1 || rest[restlen - 1] == '\n')
                    break;
            }
        }

        /* ignore comments */
        if (buf[0] == '#')
            continue;

        /* strip trailing newline and carriage return */
        len = pg_strip_crlf(buf);

        if (len == 0)
            continue;

        if ((t = pwdfMatchesString(t, hostname)) == NULL ||
            (t = pwdfMatchesString(t, port)) == NULL ||
            (t = pwdfMatchesString(t, dbname)) == NULL ||
            (t = pwdfMatchesString(t, username)) == NULL)
            continue;

        /* Found a match. */
        ret = strdup(t);
        fclose(fp);

        if (!ret)
        {
            /* Out of memory. XXX: an error message would be nice. */
            explicit_bzero(buf, sizeof(buf));
            return NULL;
        }

        /* De-escape password. */
        for (p1 = p2 = ret; *p1 != ':' && *p1 != '\0'; ++p1, ++p2)
        {
            if (*p1 == '\\' && p1[1] != '\0')
                ++p1;
            *p2 = *p1;
        }
        *p2 = '\0';

        return ret;
    }

    fclose(fp);
    explicit_bzero(buf, sizeof(buf));
    return NULL;

#undef LINELEN
}

pgpassfileWarning()

static void pgpassfileWarning ( PGconn *  conn )

static

Definition at line 7109 of file fe-connect.c.

References appendPQExpBuffer(), pg_conn::connhost, ERRCODE_INVALID_PASSWORD, pg_conn::errorMessage, libpq_gettext, pg_conn_host::password, pg_conn::password_needed, PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE, pg_conn::pgpassfile, PQresultErrorField(), pg_conn::result, and pg_conn::whichhost.

Referenced by PQconnectPoll().

{
    /* If it was 'invalid authorization', add pgpassfile mention */
    /* only works with >= 9.0 servers */
    if (conn->password_needed &&
        conn->connhost[conn->whichhost].password != NULL &&
        conn->result)
    {
        const char *sqlstate = PQresultErrorField(conn->result,
                                                  PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE);

        if (sqlstate && strcmp(sqlstate, ERRCODE_INVALID_PASSWORD) == 0)
            appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                              libpq_gettext("password retrieved from file \"%s\"\n"),
                              conn->pgpassfile);
    }
}

PQbackendPID()

int PQbackendPID

(

const PGconn *

conn

)

Definition at line 6717 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::be_pid, CONNECTION_OK, and pg_conn::status.

Referenced by get_prompt(), libpqrcv_get_backend_pid(), main(), and StartLogStreamer().

{
    if (!conn || conn->status != CONNECTION_OK)
        return 0;
    return conn->be_pid;
}

PQcancel()

int PQcancel	(	PGcancel *	cancel,
		char *	errbuf,
		int	errbufsize
	)

Definition at line 4465 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_cancel::be_key, pg_cancel::be_pid, internal_cancel(), pg_cancel::raddr, and strlcpy().

Referenced by dblink_cancel_query(), disconnectDatabase(), DisconnectDatabase(), handle_sigint(), pgfdw_cancel_query(), setup_cancel_handler(), ShutdownWorkersHard(), sigTermHandler(), and try_complete_step().

{
    if (!cancel)
    {
        strlcpy(errbuf, "PQcancel() -- no cancel object supplied", errbufsize);
        return false;
    }

    return internal_cancel(&cancel->raddr, cancel->be_pid, cancel->be_key,
                           errbuf, errbufsize);
}

PQclientEncoding()

int PQclientEncoding

(

const PGconn *

conn

)

Definition at line 6751 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::client_encoding, CONNECTION_OK, and pg_conn::status.

Referenced by appendQualifiedRelation(), appendStringLiteralConn(), dblink_connect(), dblink_get_conn(), exec_command_encoding(), main(), processSQLNamePattern(), SendQuery(), setup_connection(), SyncVariables(), and vacuum_one_database().

{
    if (!conn || conn->status != CONNECTION_OK)
        return -1;
    return conn->client_encoding;
}

PQconndefaults()

PQconninfoOption* PQconndefaults

(

void

)

Definition at line 1438 of file fe-connect.c.

References conninfo_add_defaults(), conninfo_init(), initPQExpBuffer(), PQconninfoFree(), PQExpBufferDataBroken, and termPQExpBuffer().

Referenced by check_pghost_envvar(), dblink_fdw_validator(), get_connect_string(), InitPgFdwOptions(), and main().

{
    PQExpBufferData errorBuf;
    PQconninfoOption *connOptions;

    /* We don't actually report any errors here, but callees want a buffer */
    initPQExpBuffer(&errorBuf);
    if (PQExpBufferDataBroken(errorBuf))
        return NULL;            /* out of memory already :-( */

    connOptions = conninfo_init(&errorBuf);
    if (connOptions != NULL)
    {
        /* pass NULL errorBuf to ignore errors */
        if (!conninfo_add_defaults(connOptions, NULL))
        {
            PQconninfoFree(connOptions);
            connOptions = NULL;
        }
    }

    termPQExpBuffer(&errorBuf);
    return connOptions;
}

PQconnectdb()

PGconn* PQconnectdb

(

const char *

conninfo

)

Definition at line 696 of file fe-connect.c.

References conn, connectDBComplete(), CONNECTION_BAD, PQconnectStart(), and pg_conn::status.

Referenced by dblink_connect(), dblink_get_conn(), get_db_conn(), libpqConnect(), and main().

{
    PGconn     *conn = PQconnectStart(conninfo);

    if (conn && conn->status != CONNECTION_BAD)
        (void) connectDBComplete(conn);

    return conn;
}

PQconnectdbParams()

PGconn* PQconnectdbParams	(	const char *const *	keywords,
		const char *const *	values,
		int	expand_dbname
	)

Definition at line 640 of file fe-connect.c.

References conn, connectDBComplete(), CONNECTION_BAD, PQconnectStartParams(), and pg_conn::status.

Referenced by _connectDB(), connect_pg_server(), connectDatabase(), ConnectDatabase(), do_connect(), doConnect(), ECPGconnect(), GetConnection(), main(), sql_conn(), and vacuumlo().

{
    PGconn     *conn = PQconnectStartParams(keywords, values, expand_dbname);

    if (conn && conn->status != CONNECTION_BAD)
        (void) connectDBComplete(conn);

    return conn;

}

PQconnectionNeedsPassword()

int PQconnectionNeedsPassword

(

const PGconn *

conn

)

Definition at line 6725 of file fe-connect.c.

References password, pg_conn::password_needed, and PQpass().

Referenced by _connectDB(), connectDatabase(), ConnectDatabase(), do_connect(), doConnect(), GetConnection(), main(), sql_conn(), and vacuumlo().

{
    char       *password;

    if (!conn)
        return false;
    password = PQpass(conn);
    if (conn->password_needed &&
        (password == NULL || password[0] == '\0'))
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}

PQconnectionUsedPassword()

int PQconnectionUsedPassword

(

const PGconn *

conn

)

Definition at line 6740 of file fe-connect.c.

References pg_conn::password_needed.

Referenced by _connectDB(), connect_pg_server(), ConnectDatabase(), and dblink_security_check().

{
    if (!conn)
        return false;
    if (conn->password_needed)
        return true;
    else
        return false;
}

PQconnectPoll()

PostgresPollingStatusType PQconnectPoll

(

PGconn *

conn

)

Definition at line 2258 of file fe-connect.c.

References SockAddr::addr, pg_conn::addr_cur, pg_conn::addrlist, pg_conn::addrlist_family, addrinfo::ai_addr, addrinfo::ai_addrlen, addrinfo::ai_family, addrinfo::ai_flags, addrinfo::ai_next, AI_NUMERICHOST, addrinfo::ai_socktype, appendPQExpBuffer(), appendPQExpBufferChar(), appendPQExpBufferStr(), pg_conn::appname, Assert, pg_conn::asyncStatus, AUTH_REQ_MD5, AUTH_REQ_OK, pg_conn::auth_req_received, CHT_HOST_ADDRESS, CHT_HOST_NAME, CHT_UNIX_SOCKET, connect, connectFailureMessage(), CONNECTION_AUTH_OK, CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE, CONNECTION_BAD, CONNECTION_CHECK_TARGET, CONNECTION_CHECK_WRITABLE, CONNECTION_CONSUME, CONNECTION_GSS_STARTUP, CONNECTION_MADE, CONNECTION_NEEDED, CONNECTION_OK, CONNECTION_SETENV, CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP, CONNECTION_STARTED, connectNoDelay(), pg_conn::connhost, pg_conn::connip, PQExpBufferData::data, EINPROGRESS, EINTR, EnvironmentOptions, ERRCODE_APPNAME_UNKNOWN, pg_conn::errorMessage, EWOULDBLOCK, pg_conn::fbappname, free, gai_strerror, getHostaddr(), getpeereid(), pg_conn::gssencmode, pg_conn_host::host, pg_conn_host::hostaddr, pg_conn::inCursor, pg_conn::inEnd, pg_conn::inStart, IS_AF_UNIX, pg_conn::laddr, PQExpBufferData::len, libpq_gettext, MAXPGPATH, MemSet, pg_conn::nconnhost, NEGOTIATE_GSS_CODE, NEGOTIATE_SSL_CODE, pg_conn::next_eo, NI_MAXHOST, parse_int_param(), PG_DIAG_SQLSTATE, pg_fe_sendauth(), pg_getaddrinfo_all(), pg_GSS_have_cred_cache(), pg_hton32, PG_PROTOCOL, PG_PROTOCOL_MAJOR, pg_set_noblock(), PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN, PGASYNC_BUSY, PGASYNC_IDLE, PGINVALID_SOCKET, pgpassfileWarning(), PGRES_FATAL_ERROR, PGRES_POLLING_FAILED, PGRES_POLLING_OK, PGRES_POLLING_READING, PGRES_POLLING_WRITING, PGRES_TUPLES_OK, pg_conn_host::port, pqBuildStartupPacket2(), pqBuildStartupPacket3(), pqCheckInBufferSpace(), PQclear(), pqClearAsyncResult(), PQconsumeInput(), pqDropConnection(), pqDropServerData(), pqFlush(), pqGetc(), pqGetErrorNotice3(), pqGetInt(), pqGetpwuid(), PQgetResult(), pqGets_append(), PQgetvalue(), PQisBusy(), PQntuples(), pqPacketSend(), pqReadData(), PQresultErrorField(), PQresultStatus(), pqsecure_initialize(), pqsecure_open_client(), pqsecure_open_gss(), PQsendQuery(), pqSetenvPoll(), PQTRANS_IDLE, printfPQExpBuffer(), pg_conn::pversion, pg_conn::raddr, release_conn_addrinfo(), pg_conn::requirepeer, restoreErrorMessage(), pg_result::resultStatus, SockAddr::salen, saveErrorMessage(), pg_conn::send_appname, sendTerminateConn(), pg_conn::setenv_state, SETENV_STATE_CLIENT_ENCODING_SEND, setKeepalivesCount(), setKeepalivesIdle(), setKeepalivesInterval(), setTCPUserTimeout(), pg_conn::sigpipe_flag, pg_conn::sigpipe_so, snprintf, pg_conn::sock, SOCK_ERRNO, SOCK_STRERROR, socket, pg_conn::ssl_in_use, pg_conn::sslmode, pg_conn::status, STATUS_OK, strerror_r, pg_conn::sversion, pg_conn::target_session_attrs, termPQExpBuffer(), pg_conn::try_next_addr, pg_conn::try_next_host, pg_conn_host::type, UNIXSOCK_PATH, UNIXSOCK_PATH_BUFLEN, useKeepalives(), _internalPQconninfoOption::val, pg_conn::whichhost, and pg_conn::xactStatus.

Referenced by connectDBComplete(), connectDBStart(), libpqrcv_connect(), and PQresetPoll().

{
    bool        reset_connection_state_machine = false;
    bool        need_new_connection = false;
    PGresult   *res;
    char        sebuf[PG_STRERROR_R_BUFLEN];
    int         optval;
    PQExpBufferData savedMessage;

    if (conn == NULL)
        return PGRES_POLLING_FAILED;

    /* Get the new data */
    switch (conn->status)
    {
            /*
             * We really shouldn't have been polled in these two cases, but we
             * can handle it.
             */
        case CONNECTION_BAD:
            return PGRES_POLLING_FAILED;
        case CONNECTION_OK:
            return PGRES_POLLING_OK;

            /* These are reading states */
        case CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE:
        case CONNECTION_AUTH_OK:
            {
                /* Load waiting data */
                int         n = pqReadData(conn);

                if (n < 0)
                    goto error_return;
                if (n == 0)
                    return PGRES_POLLING_READING;

                break;
            }

            /* These are writing states, so we just proceed. */
        case CONNECTION_STARTED:
        case CONNECTION_MADE:
            break;

            /* We allow pqSetenvPoll to decide whether to proceed. */
        case CONNECTION_SETENV:
            break;

            /* Special cases: proceed without waiting. */
        case CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP:
        case CONNECTION_NEEDED:
        case CONNECTION_CHECK_WRITABLE:
        case CONNECTION_CONSUME:
        case CONNECTION_GSS_STARTUP:
            break;

        default:
            appendPQExpBufferStr(&conn->errorMessage,
                                 libpq_gettext("invalid connection state, probably indicative of memory corruption\n"));
            goto error_return;
    }


keep_going:                     /* We will come back to here until there is
                                 * nothing left to do. */

    /* Time to advance to next address, or next host if no more addresses? */
    if (conn->try_next_addr)
    {
        if (conn->addr_cur && conn->addr_cur->ai_next)
        {
            conn->addr_cur = conn->addr_cur->ai_next;
            reset_connection_state_machine = true;
        }
        else
            conn->try_next_host = true;
        conn->try_next_addr = false;
    }

    /* Time to advance to next connhost[] entry? */
    if (conn->try_next_host)
    {
        pg_conn_host *ch;
        struct addrinfo hint;
        int         thisport;
        int         ret;
        char        portstr[MAXPGPATH];

        if (conn->whichhost + 1 >= conn->nconnhost)
        {
            /*
             * Oops, no more hosts.  An appropriate error message is already
             * set up, so just set the right status.
             */
            goto error_return;
        }
        conn->whichhost++;

        /* Drop any address info for previous host */
        release_conn_addrinfo(conn);

        /*
         * Look up info for the new host.  On failure, log the problem in
         * conn->errorMessage, then loop around to try the next host.  (Note
         * we don't clear try_next_host until we've succeeded.)
         */
        ch = &conn->connhost[conn->whichhost];

        /* Initialize hint structure */
        MemSet(&hint, 0, sizeof(hint));
        hint.ai_socktype = SOCK_STREAM;
        conn->addrlist_family = hint.ai_family = AF_UNSPEC;

        /* Figure out the port number we're going to use. */
        if (ch->port == NULL || ch->port[0] == '\0')
            thisport = DEF_PGPORT;
        else
        {
            if (!parse_int_param(ch->port, &thisport, conn, "port"))
                goto error_return;

            if (thisport < 1 || thisport > 65535)
            {
                appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                  libpq_gettext("invalid port number: \"%s\"\n"),
                                  ch->port);
                goto keep_going;
            }
        }
        snprintf(portstr, sizeof(portstr), "%d", thisport);

        /* Use pg_getaddrinfo_all() to resolve the address */
        switch (ch->type)
        {
            case CHT_HOST_NAME:
                ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all(ch->host, portstr, &hint,
                                         &conn->addrlist);
                if (ret || !conn->addrlist)
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("could not translate host name \"%s\" to address: %s\n"),
                                      ch->host, gai_strerror(ret));
                    goto keep_going;
                }
                break;

            case CHT_HOST_ADDRESS:
                hint.ai_flags = AI_NUMERICHOST;
                ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all(ch->hostaddr, portstr, &hint,
                                         &conn->addrlist);
                if (ret || !conn->addrlist)
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("could not parse network address \"%s\": %s\n"),
                                      ch->hostaddr, gai_strerror(ret));
                    goto keep_going;
                }
                break;

            case CHT_UNIX_SOCKET:
#ifdef HAVE_UNIX_SOCKETS
                conn->addrlist_family = hint.ai_family = AF_UNIX;
                UNIXSOCK_PATH(portstr, thisport, ch->host);
                if (strlen(portstr) >= UNIXSOCK_PATH_BUFLEN)
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("Unix-domain socket path \"%s\" is too long (maximum %d bytes)\n"),
                                      portstr,
                                      (int) (UNIXSOCK_PATH_BUFLEN - 1));
                    goto keep_going;
                }

                /*
                 * NULL hostname tells pg_getaddrinfo_all to parse the service
                 * name as a Unix-domain socket path.
                 */
                ret = pg_getaddrinfo_all(NULL, portstr, &hint,
                                         &conn->addrlist);
                if (ret || !conn->addrlist)
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("could not translate Unix-domain socket path \"%s\" to address: %s\n"),
                                      portstr, gai_strerror(ret));
                    goto keep_going;
                }
#else
                Assert(false);
#endif
                break;
        }

        /* OK, scan this addrlist for a working server address */
        conn->addr_cur = conn->addrlist;
        reset_connection_state_machine = true;
        conn->try_next_host = false;
    }

    /* Reset connection state machine? */
    if (reset_connection_state_machine)
    {
        /*
         * (Re) initialize our connection control variables for a set of
         * connection attempts to a single server address.  These variables
         * must persist across individual connection attempts, but we must
         * reset them when we start to consider a new server.
         */
        conn->pversion = PG_PROTOCOL(3, 0);
        conn->send_appname = true;
#ifdef USE_SSL
        /* initialize these values based on SSL mode */
        conn->allow_ssl_try = (conn->sslmode[0] != 'd');    /* "disable" */
        conn->wait_ssl_try = (conn->sslmode[0] == 'a'); /* "allow" */
#endif

        reset_connection_state_machine = false;
        need_new_connection = true;
    }

    /* Force a new connection (perhaps to the same server as before)? */
    if (need_new_connection)
    {
        /* Drop any existing connection */
        pqDropConnection(conn, true);

        /* Reset all state obtained from old server */
        pqDropServerData(conn);

        /* Drop any PGresult we might have, too */
        conn->asyncStatus = PGASYNC_IDLE;
        conn->xactStatus = PQTRANS_IDLE;
        pqClearAsyncResult(conn);

        /* Reset conn->status to put the state machine in the right state */
        conn->status = CONNECTION_NEEDED;

        need_new_connection = false;
    }

    /* Now try to advance the state machine for this connection */
    switch (conn->status)
    {
        case CONNECTION_NEEDED:
            {
                /*
                 * Try to initiate a connection to one of the addresses
                 * returned by pg_getaddrinfo_all().  conn->addr_cur is the
                 * next one to try.
                 *
                 * The extra level of braces here is historical.  It's not
                 * worth reindenting this whole switch case to remove 'em.
                 */
                {
                    struct addrinfo *addr_cur = conn->addr_cur;
                    char        host_addr[NI_MAXHOST];

                    /*
                     * Advance to next possible host, if we've tried all of
                     * the addresses for the current host.
                     */
                    if (addr_cur == NULL)
                    {
                        conn->try_next_host = true;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }

                    /* Remember current address for possible error msg */
                    memcpy(&conn->raddr.addr, addr_cur->ai_addr,
                           addr_cur->ai_addrlen);
                    conn->raddr.salen = addr_cur->ai_addrlen;

                    /* set connip */
                    if (conn->connip != NULL)
                    {
                        free(conn->connip);
                        conn->connip = NULL;
                    }

                    getHostaddr(conn, host_addr, NI_MAXHOST);
                    if (strlen(host_addr) > 0)
                        conn->connip = strdup(host_addr);

                    /*
                     * purposely ignore strdup failure; not a big problem if
                     * it fails anyway.
                     */

                    conn->sock = socket(addr_cur->ai_family, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
                    if (conn->sock == PGINVALID_SOCKET)
                    {
                        /*
                         * Silently ignore socket() failure if we have more
                         * addresses to try; this reduces useless chatter in
                         * cases where the address list includes both IPv4 and
                         * IPv6 but kernel only accepts one family.
                         */
                        if (addr_cur->ai_next != NULL ||
                            conn->whichhost + 1 < conn->nconnhost)
                        {
                            conn->try_next_addr = true;
                            goto keep_going;
                        }
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("could not create socket: %s\n"),
                                          SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                        goto error_return;
                    }

                    /*
                     * Select socket options: no delay of outgoing data for
                     * TCP sockets, nonblock mode, close-on-exec.  Try the
                     * next address if any of this fails.
                     */
                    if (!IS_AF_UNIX(addr_cur->ai_family))
                    {
                        if (!connectNoDelay(conn))
                        {
                            /* error message already created */
                            conn->try_next_addr = true;
                            goto keep_going;
                        }
                    }
                    if (!pg_set_noblock(conn->sock))
                    {
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("could not set socket to nonblocking mode: %s\n"),
                                          SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                        conn->try_next_addr = true;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }

#ifdef F_SETFD
                    if (fcntl(conn->sock, F_SETFD, FD_CLOEXEC) == -1)
                    {
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("could not set socket to close-on-exec mode: %s\n"),
                                          SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                        conn->try_next_addr = true;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }
#endif                          /* F_SETFD */

                    if (!IS_AF_UNIX(addr_cur->ai_family))
                    {
#ifndef WIN32
                        int         on = 1;
#endif
                        int         usekeepalives = useKeepalives(conn);
                        int         err = 0;

                        if (usekeepalives < 0)
                        {
                            appendPQExpBufferStr(&conn->errorMessage,
                                                 libpq_gettext("keepalives parameter must be an integer\n"));
                            err = 1;
                        }
                        else if (usekeepalives == 0)
                        {
                            /* Do nothing */
                        }
#ifndef WIN32
                        else if (setsockopt(conn->sock,
                                            SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE,
                                            (char *) &on, sizeof(on)) < 0)
                        {
                            appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                              libpq_gettext("setsockopt(%s) failed: %s\n"),
                                              "SO_KEEPALIVE",
                                              SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                            err = 1;
                        }
                        else if (!setKeepalivesIdle(conn)
                                 || !setKeepalivesInterval(conn)
                                 || !setKeepalivesCount(conn))
                            err = 1;
#else                           /* WIN32 */
#ifdef SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS
                        else if (!setKeepalivesWin32(conn))
                            err = 1;
#endif                          /* SIO_KEEPALIVE_VALS */
#endif                          /* WIN32 */
                        else if (!setTCPUserTimeout(conn))
                            err = 1;

                        if (err)
                        {
                            conn->try_next_addr = true;
                            goto keep_going;
                        }
                    }

                    /*----------
                     * We have three methods of blocking SIGPIPE during
                     * send() calls to this socket:
                     *
                     *  - setsockopt(sock, SO_NOSIGPIPE)
                     *  - send(sock, ..., MSG_NOSIGNAL)
                     *  - setting the signal mask to SIG_IGN during send()
                     *
                     * The third method requires three syscalls per send,
                     * so we prefer either of the first two, but they are
                     * less portable.  The state is tracked in the following
                     * members of PGconn:
                     *
                     * conn->sigpipe_so     - we have set up SO_NOSIGPIPE
                     * conn->sigpipe_flag   - we're specifying MSG_NOSIGNAL
                     *
                     * If we can use SO_NOSIGPIPE, then set sigpipe_so here
                     * and we're done.  Otherwise, set sigpipe_flag so that
                     * we will try MSG_NOSIGNAL on sends.  If we get an error
                     * with MSG_NOSIGNAL, we'll clear that flag and revert to
                     * signal masking.
                     *----------
                     */
                    conn->sigpipe_so = false;
#ifdef MSG_NOSIGNAL
                    conn->sigpipe_flag = true;
#else
                    conn->sigpipe_flag = false;
#endif                          /* MSG_NOSIGNAL */

#ifdef SO_NOSIGPIPE
                    optval = 1;
                    if (setsockopt(conn->sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_NOSIGPIPE,
                                   (char *) &optval, sizeof(optval)) == 0)
                    {
                        conn->sigpipe_so = true;
                        conn->sigpipe_flag = false;
                    }
#endif                          /* SO_NOSIGPIPE */

                    /*
                     * Start/make connection.  This should not block, since we
                     * are in nonblock mode.  If it does, well, too bad.
                     */
                    if (connect(conn->sock, addr_cur->ai_addr,
                                addr_cur->ai_addrlen) < 0)
                    {
                        if (SOCK_ERRNO == EINPROGRESS ||
#ifdef WIN32
                            SOCK_ERRNO == EWOULDBLOCK ||
#endif
                            SOCK_ERRNO == EINTR)
                        {
                            /*
                             * This is fine - we're in non-blocking mode, and
                             * the connection is in progress.  Tell caller to
                             * wait for write-ready on socket.
                             */
                            conn->status = CONNECTION_STARTED;
                            return PGRES_POLLING_WRITING;
                        }
                        /* otherwise, trouble */
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        /*
                         * Hm, we're connected already --- seems the "nonblock
                         * connection" wasn't.  Advance the state machine and
                         * go do the next stuff.
                         */
                        conn->status = CONNECTION_STARTED;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }

                    /*
                     * This connection failed.  Add the error report to
                     * conn->errorMessage, then try the next address if any.
                     */
                    connectFailureMessage(conn, SOCK_ERRNO);
                    conn->try_next_addr = true;
                    goto keep_going;
                }
            }

        case CONNECTION_STARTED:
            {
                ACCEPT_TYPE_ARG3 optlen = sizeof(optval);

                /*
                 * Write ready, since we've made it here, so the connection
                 * has been made ... or has failed.
                 */

                /*
                 * Now check (using getsockopt) that there is not an error
                 * state waiting for us on the socket.
                 */

                if (getsockopt(conn->sock, SOL_SOCKET, SO_ERROR,
                               (char *) &optval, &optlen) == -1)
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("could not get socket error status: %s\n"),
                                      SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                    goto error_return;
                }
                else if (optval != 0)
                {
                    /*
                     * When using a nonblocking connect, we will typically see
                     * connect failures at this point, so provide a friendly
                     * error message.
                     */
                    connectFailureMessage(conn, optval);

                    /*
                     * Try the next address if any, just as in the case where
                     * connect() returned failure immediately.
                     */
                    conn->try_next_addr = true;
                    goto keep_going;
                }

                /* Fill in the client address */
                conn->laddr.salen = sizeof(conn->laddr.addr);
                if (getsockname(conn->sock,
                                (struct sockaddr *) &conn->laddr.addr,
                                &conn->laddr.salen) < 0)
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("could not get client address from socket: %s\n"),
                                      SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                    goto error_return;
                }

                /*
                 * Make sure we can write before advancing to next step.
                 */
                conn->status = CONNECTION_MADE;
                return PGRES_POLLING_WRITING;
            }

        case CONNECTION_MADE:
            {
                char       *startpacket;
                int         packetlen;

                /*
                 * Implement requirepeer check, if requested and it's a
                 * Unix-domain socket.
                 */
                if (conn->requirepeer && conn->requirepeer[0] &&
                    IS_AF_UNIX(conn->raddr.addr.ss_family))
                {
#ifndef WIN32
                    char        pwdbuf[BUFSIZ];
                    struct passwd pass_buf;
                    struct passwd *pass;
                    int         passerr;
#endif
                    uid_t       uid;
                    gid_t       gid;

                    errno = 0;
                    if (getpeereid(conn->sock, &uid, &gid) != 0)
                    {
                        /*
                         * Provide special error message if getpeereid is a
                         * stub
                         */
                        if (errno == ENOSYS)
                            appendPQExpBufferStr(&conn->errorMessage,
                                                 libpq_gettext("requirepeer parameter is not supported on this platform\n"));
                        else
                            appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                              libpq_gettext("could not get peer credentials: %s\n"),
                                              strerror_r(errno, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                        goto error_return;
                    }

#ifndef WIN32
                    passerr = pqGetpwuid(uid, &pass_buf, pwdbuf, sizeof(pwdbuf), &pass);
                    if (pass == NULL)
                    {
                        if (passerr != 0)
                            appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                              libpq_gettext("could not look up local user ID %d: %s\n"),
                                              (int) uid,
                                              strerror_r(passerr, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                        else
                            appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                              libpq_gettext("local user with ID %d does not exist\n"),
                                              (int) uid);
                        goto error_return;
                    }

                    if (strcmp(pass->pw_name, conn->requirepeer) != 0)
                    {
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("requirepeer specifies \"%s\", but actual peer user name is \"%s\"\n"),
                                          conn->requirepeer, pass->pw_name);
                        goto error_return;
                    }
#else                           /* WIN32 */
                    /* should have failed with ENOSYS above */
                    Assert(false);
#endif                          /* WIN32 */
                }

                if (IS_AF_UNIX(conn->raddr.addr.ss_family))
                {
                    /* Don't request SSL or GSSAPI over Unix sockets */
#ifdef USE_SSL
                    conn->allow_ssl_try = false;
#endif
#ifdef ENABLE_GSS
                    conn->try_gss = false;
#endif
                }

#ifdef ENABLE_GSS

                /*
                 * If GSSAPI encryption is enabled, then call
                 * pg_GSS_have_cred_cache() which will return true if we can
                 * acquire credentials (and give us a handle to use in
                 * conn->gcred), and then send a packet to the server asking
                 * for GSSAPI Encryption (and skip past SSL negotiation and
                 * regular startup below).
                 */
                if (conn->try_gss && !conn->gctx)
                    conn->try_gss = pg_GSS_have_cred_cache(&conn->gcred);
                if (conn->try_gss && !conn->gctx)
                {
                    ProtocolVersion pv = pg_hton32(NEGOTIATE_GSS_CODE);

                    if (pqPacketSend(conn, 0, &pv, sizeof(pv)) != STATUS_OK)
                    {
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("could not send GSSAPI negotiation packet: %s\n"),
                                          SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                        goto error_return;
                    }

                    /* Ok, wait for response */
                    conn->status = CONNECTION_GSS_STARTUP;
                    return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                }
                else if (!conn->gctx && conn->gssencmode[0] == 'r')
                {
                    appendPQExpBufferStr(&conn->errorMessage,
                                         libpq_gettext("GSSAPI encryption required but was impossible (possibly no credential cache, no server support, or using a local socket)\n"));
                    goto error_return;
                }
#endif

#ifdef USE_SSL

                /*
                 * If SSL is enabled and we haven't already got it running,
                 * request it instead of sending the startup message.
                 */
                if (conn->allow_ssl_try && !conn->wait_ssl_try &&
                    !conn->ssl_in_use)
                {
                    ProtocolVersion pv;

                    /*
                     * Send the SSL request packet.
                     *
                     * Theoretically, this could block, but it really
                     * shouldn't since we only got here if the socket is
                     * write-ready.
                     */
                    pv = pg_hton32(NEGOTIATE_SSL_CODE);
                    if (pqPacketSend(conn, 0, &pv, sizeof(pv)) != STATUS_OK)
                    {
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("could not send SSL negotiation packet: %s\n"),
                                          SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                        goto error_return;
                    }
                    /* Ok, wait for response */
                    conn->status = CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP;
                    return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                }
#endif                          /* USE_SSL */

                /*
                 * Build the startup packet.
                 */
                if (PG_PROTOCOL_MAJOR(conn->pversion) >= 3)
                    startpacket = pqBuildStartupPacket3(conn, &packetlen,
                                                        EnvironmentOptions);
                else
                    startpacket = pqBuildStartupPacket2(conn, &packetlen,
                                                        EnvironmentOptions);
                if (!startpacket)
                {
                    /*
                     * will not appendbuffer here, since it's likely to also
                     * run out of memory
                     */
                    printfPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("out of memory\n"));
                    goto error_return;
                }

                /*
                 * Send the startup packet.
                 *
                 * Theoretically, this could block, but it really shouldn't
                 * since we only got here if the socket is write-ready.
                 */
                if (pqPacketSend(conn, 0, startpacket, packetlen) != STATUS_OK)
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("could not send startup packet: %s\n"),
                                      SOCK_STRERROR(SOCK_ERRNO, sebuf, sizeof(sebuf)));
                    free(startpacket);
                    goto error_return;
                }

                free(startpacket);

                conn->status = CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE;
                return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
            }

            /*
             * Handle SSL negotiation: wait for postmaster messages and
             * respond as necessary.
             */
        case CONNECTION_SSL_STARTUP:
            {
#ifdef USE_SSL
                PostgresPollingStatusType pollres;

                /*
                 * On first time through, get the postmaster's response to our
                 * SSL negotiation packet.
                 */
                if (!conn->ssl_in_use)
                {
                    /*
                     * We use pqReadData here since it has the logic to
                     * distinguish no-data-yet from connection closure. Since
                     * conn->ssl isn't set, a plain recv() will occur.
                     */
                    char        SSLok;
                    int         rdresult;

                    rdresult = pqReadData(conn);
                    if (rdresult < 0)
                    {
                        /* errorMessage is already filled in */
                        goto error_return;
                    }
                    if (rdresult == 0)
                    {
                        /* caller failed to wait for data */
                        return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                    }
                    if (pqGetc(&SSLok, conn) < 0)
                    {
                        /* should not happen really */
                        return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                    }
                    if (SSLok == 'S')
                    {
                        /* mark byte consumed */
                        conn->inStart = conn->inCursor;
                        /* Set up global SSL state if required */
                        if (pqsecure_initialize(conn) != 0)
                            goto error_return;
                    }
                    else if (SSLok == 'N')
                    {
                        /* mark byte consumed */
                        conn->inStart = conn->inCursor;
                        /* OK to do without SSL? */
                        if (conn->sslmode[0] == 'r' ||  /* "require" */
                            conn->sslmode[0] == 'v')    /* "verify-ca" or
                                                         * "verify-full" */
                        {
                            /* Require SSL, but server does not want it */
                            appendPQExpBufferStr(&conn->errorMessage,
                                                 libpq_gettext("server does not support SSL, but SSL was required\n"));
                            goto error_return;
                        }
                        /* Otherwise, proceed with normal startup */
                        conn->allow_ssl_try = false;
                        conn->status = CONNECTION_MADE;
                        return PGRES_POLLING_WRITING;
                    }
                    else if (SSLok == 'E')
                    {
                        /*
                         * Server failure of some sort, such as failure to
                         * fork a backend process.  We need to process and
                         * report the error message, which might be formatted
                         * according to either protocol 2 or protocol 3.
                         * Rather than duplicate the code for that, we flip
                         * into AWAITING_RESPONSE state and let the code there
                         * deal with it.  Note we have *not* consumed the "E"
                         * byte here.
                         */
                        conn->status = CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("received invalid response to SSL negotiation: %c\n"),
                                          SSLok);
                        goto error_return;
                    }
                }

                /*
                 * Begin or continue the SSL negotiation process.
                 */
                pollres = pqsecure_open_client(conn);
                if (pollres == PGRES_POLLING_OK)
                {
                    /* SSL handshake done, ready to send startup packet */
                    conn->status = CONNECTION_MADE;
                    return PGRES_POLLING_WRITING;
                }
                if (pollres == PGRES_POLLING_FAILED)
                {
                    /*
                     * Failed ... if sslmode is "prefer" then do a non-SSL
                     * retry
                     */
                    if (conn->sslmode[0] == 'p' /* "prefer" */
                        && conn->allow_ssl_try  /* redundant? */
                        && !conn->wait_ssl_try) /* redundant? */
                    {
                        /* only retry once */
                        conn->allow_ssl_try = false;
                        need_new_connection = true;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }
                    /* Else it's a hard failure */
                    goto error_return;
                }
                /* Else, return POLLING_READING or POLLING_WRITING status */
                return pollres;
#else                           /* !USE_SSL */
                /* can't get here */
                goto error_return;
#endif                          /* USE_SSL */
            }

        case CONNECTION_GSS_STARTUP:
            {
#ifdef ENABLE_GSS
                PostgresPollingStatusType pollres;

                /*
                 * If we haven't yet, get the postmaster's response to our
                 * negotiation packet
                 */
                if (conn->try_gss && !conn->gctx)
                {
                    char        gss_ok;
                    int         rdresult = pqReadData(conn);

                    if (rdresult < 0)
                        /* pqReadData fills in error message */
                        goto error_return;
                    else if (rdresult == 0)
                        /* caller failed to wait for data */
                        return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                    if (pqGetc(&gss_ok, conn) < 0)
                        /* shouldn't happen... */
                        return PGRES_POLLING_READING;

                    if (gss_ok == 'E')
                    {
                        /*
                         * Server failure of some sort.  Assume it's a
                         * protocol version support failure, and let's see if
                         * we can't recover (if it's not, we'll get a better
                         * error message on retry).  Server gets fussy if we
                         * don't hang up the socket, though.
                         */
                        conn->try_gss = false;
                        pqDropConnection(conn, true);
                        conn->status = CONNECTION_NEEDED;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }

                    /* mark byte consumed */
                    conn->inStart = conn->inCursor;

                    if (gss_ok == 'N')
                    {
                        /* Server doesn't want GSSAPI; fall back if we can */
                        if (conn->gssencmode[0] == 'r')
                        {
                            appendPQExpBufferStr(&conn->errorMessage,
                                                 libpq_gettext("server doesn't support GSSAPI encryption, but it was required\n"));
                            goto error_return;
                        }

                        conn->try_gss = false;
                        conn->status = CONNECTION_MADE;
                        return PGRES_POLLING_WRITING;
                    }
                    else if (gss_ok != 'G')
                    {
                        appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                          libpq_gettext("received invalid response to GSSAPI negotiation: %c\n"),
                                          gss_ok);
                        goto error_return;
                    }
                }

                /* Begin or continue GSSAPI negotiation */
                pollres = pqsecure_open_gss(conn);
                if (pollres == PGRES_POLLING_OK)
                {
                    /* All set for startup packet */
                    conn->status = CONNECTION_MADE;
                    return PGRES_POLLING_WRITING;
                }
                else if (pollres == PGRES_POLLING_FAILED &&
                         conn->gssencmode[0] == 'p')
                {
                    /*
                     * We failed, but we can retry on "prefer".  Have to drop
                     * the current connection to do so, though.
                     */
                    conn->try_gss = false;
                    pqDropConnection(conn, true);
                    conn->status = CONNECTION_NEEDED;
                    goto keep_going;
                }
                return pollres;
#else                           /* !ENABLE_GSS */
                /* unreachable */
                goto error_return;
#endif                          /* ENABLE_GSS */
            }

            /*
             * Handle authentication exchange: wait for postmaster messages
             * and respond as necessary.
             */
        case CONNECTION_AWAITING_RESPONSE:
            {
                char        beresp;
                int         msgLength;
                int         avail;
                AuthRequest areq;
                int         res;

                /*
                 * Scan the message from current point (note that if we find
                 * the message is incomplete, we will return without advancing
                 * inStart, and resume here next time).
                 */
                conn->inCursor = conn->inStart;

                /* Read type byte */
                if (pqGetc(&beresp, conn))
                {
                    /* We'll come back when there is more data */
                    return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                }

                /*
                 * Validate message type: we expect only an authentication
                 * request or an error here.  Anything else probably means
                 * it's not Postgres on the other end at all.
                 */
                if (!(beresp == 'R' || beresp == 'E'))
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("expected authentication request from server, but received %c\n"),
                                      beresp);
                    goto error_return;
                }

                if (PG_PROTOCOL_MAJOR(conn->pversion) >= 3)
                {
                    /* Read message length word */
                    if (pqGetInt(&msgLength, 4, conn))
                    {
                        /* We'll come back when there is more data */
                        return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    /* Set phony message length to disable checks below */
                    msgLength = 8;
                }

                /*
                 * Try to validate message length before using it.
                 * Authentication requests can't be very large, although GSS
                 * auth requests may not be that small.  Errors can be a
                 * little larger, but not huge.  If we see a large apparent
                 * length in an error, it means we're really talking to a
                 * pre-3.0-protocol server; cope.
                 */
                if (beresp == 'R' && (msgLength < 8 || msgLength > 2000))
                {
                    appendPQExpBuffer(&conn->errorMessage,
                                      libpq_gettext("expected authentication request from server, but received %c\n"),
                                      beresp);
                    goto error_return;
                }

                if (beresp == 'E' && (msgLength < 8 || msgLength > 30000))
                {
                    /* Handle error from a pre-3.0 server */
                    conn->inCursor = conn->inStart + 1; /* reread data */
                    if (pqGets_append(&conn->errorMessage, conn))
                    {
                        /* We'll come back when there is more data */
                        return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                    }
                    /* OK, we read the message; mark data consumed */
                    conn->inStart = conn->inCursor;

                    /*
                     * The postmaster typically won't end its message with a
                     * newline, so add one to conform to libpq conventions.
                     */
                    appendPQExpBufferChar(&conn->errorMessage, '\n');

                    /*
                     * If we tried to open the connection in 3.0 protocol,
                     * fall back to 2.0 protocol.
                     */
                    if (PG_PROTOCOL_MAJOR(conn->pversion) >= 3)
                    {
                        conn->pversion = PG_PROTOCOL(2, 0);
                        need_new_connection = true;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }

                    goto error_return;
                }

                /*
                 * Can't process if message body isn't all here yet.
                 *
                 * (In protocol 2.0 case, we are assuming messages carry at
                 * least 4 bytes of data.)
                 */
                msgLength -= 4;
                avail = conn->inEnd - conn->inCursor;
                if (avail < msgLength)
                {
                    /*
                     * Before returning, try to enlarge the input buffer if
                     * needed to hold the whole message; see notes in
                     * pqParseInput3.
                     */
                    if (pqCheckInBufferSpace(conn->inCursor + (size_t) msgLength,
                                             conn))
                        goto error_return;
                    /* We'll come back when there is more data */
                    return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                }

                /* Handle errors. */
                if (beresp == 'E')
                {
                    if (PG_PROTOCOL_MAJOR(conn->pversion) >= 3)
                    {
                        if (pqGetErrorNotice3(conn, true))
                        {
                            /* We'll come back when there is more data */
                            return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                        }
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        if (pqGets_append(&conn->errorMessage, conn))
                        {
                            /* We'll come back when there is more data */
                            return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                        }
                    }
                    /* OK, we read the message; mark data consumed */
                    conn->inStart = conn->inCursor;

                    /* Check to see if we should mention pgpassfile */
                    pgpassfileWarning(conn);

#ifdef ENABLE_GSS

                    /*
                     * If gssencmode is "prefer" and we're using GSSAPI, retry
                     * without it.
                     */
                    if (conn->gssenc && conn->gssencmode[0] == 'p')
                    {
                        OM_uint32   minor;

                        /* postmaster expects us to drop the connection */
                        conn->try_gss = false;
                        conn->gssenc = false;
                        gss_delete_sec_context(&minor, &conn->gctx, NULL);
                        pqDropConnection(conn, true);
                        conn->status = CONNECTION_NEEDED;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }
#endif

#ifdef USE_SSL

                    /*
                     * if sslmode is "allow" and we haven't tried an SSL
                     * connection already, then retry with an SSL connection
                     */
                    if (conn->sslmode[0] == 'a' /* "allow" */
                        && !conn->ssl_in_use
                        && conn->allow_ssl_try
                        && conn->wait_ssl_try)
                    {
                        /* only retry once */
                        conn->wait_ssl_try = false;
                        need_new_connection = true;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }

                    /*
                     * if sslmode is "prefer" and we're in an SSL connection,
                     * then do a non-SSL retry
                     */
                    if (conn->sslmode[0] == 'p' /* "prefer" */
                        && conn->ssl_in_use
                        && conn->allow_ssl_try  /* redundant? */
                        && !conn->wait_ssl_try) /* redundant? */
                    {
                        /* only retry once */
                        conn->allow_ssl_try = false;
                        need_new_connection = true;
                        goto keep_going;
                    }
#endif

                    goto error_return;
                }

                /* It is an authentication request. */
                conn->auth_req_received = true;

                /* Get the type of request. */
                if (pqGetInt((int *) &areq, 4, conn))
                {
                    /* We'll come back when there are more data */
                    return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                }
                msgLength -= 4;

                /*
                 * Ensure the password salt is in the input buffer, if it's an
                 * MD5 request.  All the other authentication methods that
                 * contain extra data in the authentication request are only
                 * supported in protocol version 3, in which case we already
                 * read the whole message above.
                 */
                if (areq == AUTH_REQ_MD5 && PG_PROTOCOL_MAJOR(conn->pversion) < 3)
                {
                    msgLength += 4;

                    avail = conn->inEnd - conn->inCursor;
                    if (avail < 4)
                    {
                        /*
                         * Before returning, try to enlarge the input buffer
                         * if needed to hold the whole message; see notes in
                         * pqParseInput3.
                         */
                        if (pqCheckInBufferSpace(conn->inCursor + (size_t) 4,
                                                 conn))
                            goto error_return;
                        /* We'll come back when there is more data */
                        return PGRES_POLLING_READING;
                    }