nodeWindowAgg.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * nodeWindowAgg.c
 *    routines to handle WindowAgg nodes.
 *
 * A WindowAgg node evaluates "window functions" across suitable partitions
 * of the input tuple set.  Any one WindowAgg works for just a single window
 * specification, though it can evaluate multiple window functions sharing
 * identical window specifications.  The input tuples are required to be
 * delivered in sorted order, with the PARTITION BY columns (if any) as
 * major sort keys and the ORDER BY columns (if any) as minor sort keys.
 * (The planner generates a stack of WindowAggs with intervening Sort nodes
 * as needed, if a query involves more than one window specification.)
 *
 * Since window functions can require access to any or all of the rows in
 * the current partition, we accumulate rows of the partition into a
 * tuplestore.  The window functions are called using the WindowObject API
 * so that they can access those rows as needed.
 *
 * We also support using plain aggregate functions as window functions.
 * For these, the regular Agg-node environment is emulated for each partition.
 * As required by the SQL spec, the output represents the value of the
 * aggregate function over all rows in the current row's window frame.
 *
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2026, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *    src/backend/executor/nodeWindowAgg.c
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"
 
#include "access/htup_details.h"
#include "catalog/objectaccess.h"
#include "catalog/pg_aggregate.h"
#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
#include "executor/executor.h"
#include "executor/instrument.h"
#include "executor/nodeWindowAgg.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "nodes/nodeFuncs.h"
#include "optimizer/clauses.h"
#include "optimizer/optimizer.h"
#include "parser/parse_agg.h"
#include "parser/parse_coerce.h"
#include "utils/acl.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/datum.h"
#include "utils/expandeddatum.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
#include "utils/regproc.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"
#include "utils/tuplestore.h"
#include "windowapi.h"
 
/*
 * All the window function APIs are called with this object, which is passed
 * to window functions as fcinfo->context.
 */
typedef struct WindowObjectData
{
    NodeTag     type;
    WindowAggState *winstate;   /* parent WindowAggState */
    List       *argstates;      /* ExprState trees for fn's arguments */
    void       *localmem;       /* WinGetPartitionLocalMemory's chunk */
    int         markptr;        /* tuplestore mark pointer for this fn */
    int         readptr;        /* tuplestore read pointer for this fn */
    int64       markpos;        /* row that markptr is positioned on */
    int64       seekpos;        /* row that readptr is positioned on */
    uint8     **notnull_info;   /* not null info for each func args */
    int64      *num_notnull_info;   /* track size (number of tuples in
                                     * partition) of the notnull_info array
                                     * for each func args */
 
    /*
     * Null treatment options. One of: NO_NULLTREATMENT, PARSER_IGNORE_NULLS,
     * PARSER_RESPECT_NULLS or IGNORE_NULLS.
     */
    int         ignore_nulls;
} WindowObjectData;
 
/*
 * We have one WindowStatePerFunc struct for each window function and
 * window aggregate handled by this node.
 */
typedef struct WindowStatePerFuncData
{
    /* Links to WindowFunc expr and state nodes this working state is for */
    WindowFuncExprState *wfuncstate;
    WindowFunc *wfunc;
 
    int         numArguments;   /* number of arguments */
 
    FmgrInfo    flinfo;         /* fmgr lookup data for window function */
 
    Oid         winCollation;   /* collation derived for window function */
 
    /*
     * We need the len and byval info for the result of each function in order
     * to know how to copy/delete values.
     */
    int16       resulttypeLen;
    bool        resulttypeByVal;
 
    bool        plain_agg;      /* is it just a plain aggregate function? */
    int         aggno;          /* if so, index of its WindowStatePerAggData */
    uint8       ignore_nulls;   /* ignore nulls */
 
    WindowObject winobj;        /* object used in window function API */
} WindowStatePerFuncData;
 
/*
 * For plain aggregate window functions, we also have one of these.
 */
typedef struct WindowStatePerAggData
{
    /* Oids of transition functions */
    Oid         transfn_oid;
    Oid         invtransfn_oid; /* may be InvalidOid */
    Oid         finalfn_oid;    /* may be InvalidOid */
 
    /*
     * fmgr lookup data for transition functions --- only valid when
     * corresponding oid is not InvalidOid.  Note in particular that fn_strict
     * flags are kept here.
     */
    FmgrInfo    transfn;
    FmgrInfo    invtransfn;
    FmgrInfo    finalfn;
 
    int         numFinalArgs;   /* number of arguments to pass to finalfn */
 
    /*
     * initial value from pg_aggregate entry
     */
    Datum       initValue;
    bool        initValueIsNull;
 
    /*
     * cached value for current frame boundaries
     */
    Datum       resultValue;
    bool        resultValueIsNull;
 
    /*
     * We need the len and byval info for the agg's input, result, and
     * transition data types in order to know how to copy/delete values.
     */
    int16       inputtypeLen,
                resulttypeLen,
                transtypeLen;
    bool        inputtypeByVal,
                resulttypeByVal,
                transtypeByVal;
 
    int         wfuncno;        /* index of associated WindowStatePerFuncData */
 
    /* Context holding transition value and possibly other subsidiary data */
    MemoryContext aggcontext;   /* may be private, or winstate->aggcontext */
 
    /* Current transition value */
    Datum       transValue;     /* current transition value */
    bool        transValueIsNull;
 
    int64       transValueCount;    /* number of currently-aggregated rows */
 
    /* Data local to eval_windowaggregates() */
    bool        restart;        /* need to restart this agg in this cycle? */
} WindowStatePerAggData;
 
static void initialize_windowaggregate(WindowAggState *winstate,
                                       WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                                       WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate);
static void advance_windowaggregate(WindowAggState *winstate,
                                    WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                                    WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate);
static bool advance_windowaggregate_base(WindowAggState *winstate,
                                         WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                                         WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate);
static void finalize_windowaggregate(WindowAggState *winstate,
                                     WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                                     WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate,
                                     Datum *result, bool *isnull);
 
static void eval_windowaggregates(WindowAggState *winstate);
static void eval_windowfunction(WindowAggState *winstate,
                                WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                                Datum *result, bool *isnull);
 
static void begin_partition(WindowAggState *winstate);
static void spool_tuples(WindowAggState *winstate, int64 pos);
static void release_partition(WindowAggState *winstate);
 
static int  row_is_in_frame(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos,
                            TupleTableSlot *slot, bool fetch_tuple);
static void update_frameheadpos(WindowAggState *winstate);
static void update_frametailpos(WindowAggState *winstate);
static void update_grouptailpos(WindowAggState *winstate);
 
static WindowStatePerAggData *initialize_peragg(WindowAggState *winstate,
                                                WindowFunc *wfunc,
                                                WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate);
static Datum GetAggInitVal(Datum textInitVal, Oid transtype);
 
static bool are_peers(WindowAggState *winstate, TupleTableSlot *slot1,
                      TupleTableSlot *slot2);
static bool window_gettupleslot(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos,
                                TupleTableSlot *slot);
 
static Datum ignorenulls_getfuncarginframe(WindowObject winobj, int argno,
                                           int relpos, int seektype,
                                           bool set_mark, bool *isnull,
                                           bool *isout);
static Datum gettuple_eval_partition(WindowObject winobj, int argno,
                                     int64 abs_pos, bool *isnull,
                                     bool *isout);
static void init_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj,
                              WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate);
static void grow_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj,
                              int64 pos, int argno);
static uint8 get_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj,
                              int64 pos, int argno);
static void put_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj,
                             int64 pos, int argno, bool isnull);
 
/*
 * Not null info bit array consists of 2-bit items
 */
#define NN_UNKNOWN  0x00        /* value not calculated yet */
#define NN_NULL     0x01        /* NULL */
#define NN_NOTNULL  0x02        /* NOT NULL */
#define NN_MASK     0x03        /* mask for NOT NULL MAP */
#define NN_BITS_PER_MEMBER  2   /* number of bits in not null map */
/* number of items per variable */
#define NN_ITEM_PER_VAR (BITS_PER_BYTE / NN_BITS_PER_MEMBER)
/* convert map position to byte offset */
#define NN_POS_TO_BYTES(pos)    ((pos) / NN_ITEM_PER_VAR)
/* bytes offset to map position */
#define NN_BYTES_TO_POS(bytes)  ((bytes) * NN_ITEM_PER_VAR)
/* calculate shift bits */
#define NN_SHIFT(pos)   ((pos) % NN_ITEM_PER_VAR) * NN_BITS_PER_MEMBER
 
/*
 * initialize_windowaggregate
 * parallel to initialize_aggregates in nodeAgg.c
 */
static void
initialize_windowaggregate(WindowAggState *winstate,
                           WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                           WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate)
{
    MemoryContext oldContext;
 
    /*
     * If we're using a private aggcontext, we may reset it here.  But if the
     * context is shared, we don't know which other aggregates may still need
     * it, so we must leave it to the caller to reset at an appropriate time.
     */
    if (peraggstate->aggcontext != winstate->aggcontext)
        MemoryContextReset(peraggstate->aggcontext);
 
    if (peraggstate->initValueIsNull)
        peraggstate->transValue = peraggstate->initValue;
    else
    {
        oldContext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(peraggstate->aggcontext);
        peraggstate->transValue = datumCopy(peraggstate->initValue,
                                            peraggstate->transtypeByVal,
                                            peraggstate->transtypeLen);
        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
    }
    peraggstate->transValueIsNull = peraggstate->initValueIsNull;
    peraggstate->transValueCount = 0;
    peraggstate->resultValue = (Datum) 0;
    peraggstate->resultValueIsNull = true;
}
 
/*
 * advance_windowaggregate
 * parallel to advance_aggregates in nodeAgg.c
 */
static void
advance_windowaggregate(WindowAggState *winstate,
                        WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                        WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate)
{
    LOCAL_FCINFO(fcinfo, FUNC_MAX_ARGS);
    WindowFuncExprState *wfuncstate = perfuncstate->wfuncstate;
    int         numArguments = perfuncstate->numArguments;
    Datum       newVal;
    ListCell   *arg;
    int         i;
    MemoryContext oldContext;
    ExprContext *econtext = winstate->tmpcontext;
    ExprState  *filter = wfuncstate->aggfilter;
 
    oldContext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(econtext->ecxt_per_tuple_memory);
 
    /* Skip anything FILTERed out */
    if (filter)
    {
        bool        isnull;
        Datum       res = ExecEvalExpr(filter, econtext, &isnull);
 
        if (isnull || !DatumGetBool(res))
        {
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
            return;
        }
    }
 
    /* We start from 1, since the 0th arg will be the transition value */
    i = 1;
    foreach(arg, wfuncstate->args)
    {
        ExprState  *argstate = (ExprState *) lfirst(arg);
 
        fcinfo->args[i].value = ExecEvalExpr(argstate, econtext,
                                             &fcinfo->args[i].isnull);
        i++;
    }
 
    if (peraggstate->transfn.fn_strict)
    {
        /*
         * For a strict transfn, nothing happens when there's a NULL input; we
         * just keep the prior transValue.  Note transValueCount doesn't
         * change either.
         */
        for (i = 1; i <= numArguments; i++)
        {
            if (fcinfo->args[i].isnull)
            {
                MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
                return;
            }
        }
 
        /*
         * For strict transition functions with initial value NULL we use the
         * first non-NULL input as the initial state.  (We already checked
         * that the agg's input type is binary-compatible with its transtype,
         * so straight copy here is OK.)
         *
         * We must copy the datum into aggcontext if it is pass-by-ref.  We do
         * not need to pfree the old transValue, since it's NULL.
         */
        if (peraggstate->transValueCount == 0 && peraggstate->transValueIsNull)
        {
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(peraggstate->aggcontext);
            peraggstate->transValue = datumCopy(fcinfo->args[1].value,
                                                peraggstate->transtypeByVal,
                                                peraggstate->transtypeLen);
            peraggstate->transValueIsNull = false;
            peraggstate->transValueCount = 1;
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
            return;
        }
 
        if (peraggstate->transValueIsNull)
        {
            /*
             * Don't call a strict function with NULL inputs.  Note it is
             * possible to get here despite the above tests, if the transfn is
             * strict *and* returned a NULL on a prior cycle.  If that happens
             * we will propagate the NULL all the way to the end.  That can
             * only happen if there's no inverse transition function, though,
             * since we disallow transitions back to NULL when there is one.
             */
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
            Assert(!OidIsValid(peraggstate->invtransfn_oid));
            return;
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * OK to call the transition function.  Set winstate->curaggcontext while
     * calling it, for possible use by AggCheckCallContext.
     */
    InitFunctionCallInfoData(*fcinfo, &(peraggstate->transfn),
                             numArguments + 1,
                             perfuncstate->winCollation,
                             (Node *) winstate, NULL);
    fcinfo->args[0].value = peraggstate->transValue;
    fcinfo->args[0].isnull = peraggstate->transValueIsNull;
    winstate->curaggcontext = peraggstate->aggcontext;
    newVal = FunctionCallInvoke(fcinfo);
    winstate->curaggcontext = NULL;
 
    /*
     * Moving-aggregate transition functions must not return null, see
     * advance_windowaggregate_base().
     */
    if (fcinfo->isnull && OidIsValid(peraggstate->invtransfn_oid))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
                 errmsg("moving-aggregate transition function must not return null")));
 
    /*
     * We must track the number of rows included in transValue, since to
     * remove the last input, advance_windowaggregate_base() mustn't call the
     * inverse transition function, but simply reset transValue back to its
     * initial value.
     */
    peraggstate->transValueCount++;
 
    /*
     * If pass-by-ref datatype, must copy the new value into aggcontext and
     * free the prior transValue.  But if transfn returned a pointer to its
     * first input, we don't need to do anything.  Also, if transfn returned a
     * pointer to a R/W expanded object that is already a child of the
     * aggcontext, assume we can adopt that value without copying it.  (See
     * comments for ExecAggCopyTransValue, which this code duplicates.)
     */
    if (!peraggstate->transtypeByVal &&
        DatumGetPointer(newVal) != DatumGetPointer(peraggstate->transValue))
    {
        if (!fcinfo->isnull)
        {
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(peraggstate->aggcontext);
            if (DatumIsReadWriteExpandedObject(newVal,
                                               false,
                                               peraggstate->transtypeLen) &&
                MemoryContextGetParent(DatumGetEOHP(newVal)->eoh_context) == CurrentMemoryContext)
                 /* do nothing */ ;
            else
                newVal = datumCopy(newVal,
                                   peraggstate->transtypeByVal,
                                   peraggstate->transtypeLen);
        }
        if (!peraggstate->transValueIsNull)
        {
            if (DatumIsReadWriteExpandedObject(peraggstate->transValue,
                                               false,
                                               peraggstate->transtypeLen))
                DeleteExpandedObject(peraggstate->transValue);
            else
                pfree(DatumGetPointer(peraggstate->transValue));
        }
    }
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
    peraggstate->transValue = newVal;
    peraggstate->transValueIsNull = fcinfo->isnull;
}
 
/*
 * advance_windowaggregate_base
 * Remove the oldest tuple from an aggregation.
 *
 * This is very much like advance_windowaggregate, except that we will call
 * the inverse transition function (which caller must have checked is
 * available).
 *
 * Returns true if we successfully removed the current row from this
 * aggregate, false if not (in the latter case, caller is responsible
 * for cleaning up by restarting the aggregation).
 */
static bool
advance_windowaggregate_base(WindowAggState *winstate,
                             WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                             WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate)
{
    LOCAL_FCINFO(fcinfo, FUNC_MAX_ARGS);
    WindowFuncExprState *wfuncstate = perfuncstate->wfuncstate;
    int         numArguments = perfuncstate->numArguments;
    Datum       newVal;
    ListCell   *arg;
    int         i;
    MemoryContext oldContext;
    ExprContext *econtext = winstate->tmpcontext;
    ExprState  *filter = wfuncstate->aggfilter;
 
    oldContext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(econtext->ecxt_per_tuple_memory);
 
    /* Skip anything FILTERed out */
    if (filter)
    {
        bool        isnull;
        Datum       res = ExecEvalExpr(filter, econtext, &isnull);
 
        if (isnull || !DatumGetBool(res))
        {
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
            return true;
        }
    }
 
    /* We start from 1, since the 0th arg will be the transition value */
    i = 1;
    foreach(arg, wfuncstate->args)
    {
        ExprState  *argstate = (ExprState *) lfirst(arg);
 
        fcinfo->args[i].value = ExecEvalExpr(argstate, econtext,
                                             &fcinfo->args[i].isnull);
        i++;
    }
 
    if (peraggstate->invtransfn.fn_strict)
    {
        /*
         * For a strict (inv)transfn, nothing happens when there's a NULL
         * input; we just keep the prior transValue.  Note transValueCount
         * doesn't change either.
         */
        for (i = 1; i <= numArguments; i++)
        {
            if (fcinfo->args[i].isnull)
            {
                MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
                return true;
            }
        }
    }
 
    /* There should still be an added but not yet removed value */
    Assert(peraggstate->transValueCount > 0);
 
    /*
     * In moving-aggregate mode, the state must never be NULL, except possibly
     * before any rows have been aggregated (which is surely not the case at
     * this point).  This restriction allows us to interpret a NULL result
     * from the inverse function as meaning "sorry, can't do an inverse
     * transition in this case".  We already checked this in
     * advance_windowaggregate, but just for safety, check again.
     */
    if (peraggstate->transValueIsNull)
        elog(ERROR, "aggregate transition value is NULL before inverse transition");
 
    /*
     * We mustn't use the inverse transition function to remove the last
     * input.  Doing so would yield a non-NULL state, whereas we should be in
     * the initial state afterwards which may very well be NULL.  So instead,
     * we simply re-initialize the aggregate in this case.
     */
    if (peraggstate->transValueCount == 1)
    {
        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
        initialize_windowaggregate(winstate,
                                   &winstate->perfunc[peraggstate->wfuncno],
                                   peraggstate);
        return true;
    }
 
    /*
     * OK to call the inverse transition function.  Set
     * winstate->curaggcontext while calling it, for possible use by
     * AggCheckCallContext.
     */
    InitFunctionCallInfoData(*fcinfo, &(peraggstate->invtransfn),
                             numArguments + 1,
                             perfuncstate->winCollation,
                             (Node *) winstate, NULL);
    fcinfo->args[0].value = peraggstate->transValue;
    fcinfo->args[0].isnull = peraggstate->transValueIsNull;
    winstate->curaggcontext = peraggstate->aggcontext;
    newVal = FunctionCallInvoke(fcinfo);
    winstate->curaggcontext = NULL;
 
    /*
     * If the function returns NULL, report failure, forcing a restart.
     */
    if (fcinfo->isnull)
    {
        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
        return false;
    }
 
    /* Update number of rows included in transValue */
    peraggstate->transValueCount--;
 
    /*
     * If pass-by-ref datatype, must copy the new value into aggcontext and
     * free the prior transValue.  But if invtransfn returned a pointer to its
     * first input, we don't need to do anything.  Also, if invtransfn
     * returned a pointer to a R/W expanded object that is already a child of
     * the aggcontext, assume we can adopt that value without copying it. (See
     * comments for ExecAggCopyTransValue, which this code duplicates.)
     *
     * Note: the checks for null values here will never fire, but it seems
     * best to have this stanza look just like advance_windowaggregate.
     */
    if (!peraggstate->transtypeByVal &&
        DatumGetPointer(newVal) != DatumGetPointer(peraggstate->transValue))
    {
        if (!fcinfo->isnull)
        {
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(peraggstate->aggcontext);
            if (DatumIsReadWriteExpandedObject(newVal,
                                               false,
                                               peraggstate->transtypeLen) &&
                MemoryContextGetParent(DatumGetEOHP(newVal)->eoh_context) == CurrentMemoryContext)
                 /* do nothing */ ;
            else
                newVal = datumCopy(newVal,
                                   peraggstate->transtypeByVal,
                                   peraggstate->transtypeLen);
        }
        if (!peraggstate->transValueIsNull)
        {
            if (DatumIsReadWriteExpandedObject(peraggstate->transValue,
                                               false,
                                               peraggstate->transtypeLen))
                DeleteExpandedObject(peraggstate->transValue);
            else
                pfree(DatumGetPointer(peraggstate->transValue));
        }
    }
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
    peraggstate->transValue = newVal;
    peraggstate->transValueIsNull = fcinfo->isnull;
 
    return true;
}
 
/*
 * finalize_windowaggregate
 * parallel to finalize_aggregate in nodeAgg.c
 */
static void
finalize_windowaggregate(WindowAggState *winstate,
                         WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                         WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate,
                         Datum *result, bool *isnull)
{
    MemoryContext oldContext;
 
    oldContext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_tuple_memory);
 
    /*
     * Apply the agg's finalfn if one is provided, else return transValue.
     */
    if (OidIsValid(peraggstate->finalfn_oid))
    {
        LOCAL_FCINFO(fcinfo, FUNC_MAX_ARGS);
        int         numFinalArgs = peraggstate->numFinalArgs;
        bool        anynull;
        int         i;
 
        InitFunctionCallInfoData(fcinfodata.fcinfo, &(peraggstate->finalfn),
                                 numFinalArgs,
                                 perfuncstate->winCollation,
                                 (Node *) winstate, NULL);
        fcinfo->args[0].value =
            MakeExpandedObjectReadOnly(peraggstate->transValue,
                                       peraggstate->transValueIsNull,
                                       peraggstate->transtypeLen);
        fcinfo->args[0].isnull = peraggstate->transValueIsNull;
        anynull = peraggstate->transValueIsNull;
 
        /* Fill any remaining argument positions with nulls */
        for (i = 1; i < numFinalArgs; i++)
        {
            fcinfo->args[i].value = (Datum) 0;
            fcinfo->args[i].isnull = true;
            anynull = true;
        }
 
        if (fcinfo->flinfo->fn_strict && anynull)
        {
            /* don't call a strict function with NULL inputs */
            *result = (Datum) 0;
            *isnull = true;
        }
        else
        {
            Datum       res;
 
            winstate->curaggcontext = peraggstate->aggcontext;
            res = FunctionCallInvoke(fcinfo);
            winstate->curaggcontext = NULL;
            *isnull = fcinfo->isnull;
            *result = MakeExpandedObjectReadOnly(res,
                                                 fcinfo->isnull,
                                                 peraggstate->resulttypeLen);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        *result =
            MakeExpandedObjectReadOnly(peraggstate->transValue,
                                       peraggstate->transValueIsNull,
                                       peraggstate->transtypeLen);
        *isnull = peraggstate->transValueIsNull;
    }
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
}
 
/*
 * eval_windowaggregates
 * evaluate plain aggregates being used as window functions
 *
 * This differs from nodeAgg.c in two ways.  First, if the window's frame
 * start position moves, we use the inverse transition function (if it exists)
 * to remove rows from the transition value.  And second, we expect to be
 * able to call aggregate final functions repeatedly after aggregating more
 * data onto the same transition value.  This is not a behavior required by
 * nodeAgg.c.
 */
static void
eval_windowaggregates(WindowAggState *winstate)
{
    WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate;
    int         wfuncno,
                numaggs,
                numaggs_restart,
                i;
    int64       aggregatedupto_nonrestarted;
    MemoryContext oldContext;
    ExprContext *econtext;
    WindowObject agg_winobj;
    TupleTableSlot *agg_row_slot;
    TupleTableSlot *temp_slot;
 
    numaggs = winstate->numaggs;
    if (numaggs == 0)
        return;                 /* nothing to do */
 
    /* final output execution is in ps_ExprContext */
    econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
    agg_winobj = winstate->agg_winobj;
    agg_row_slot = winstate->agg_row_slot;
    temp_slot = winstate->temp_slot_1;
 
    /*
     * If the window's frame start clause is UNBOUNDED_PRECEDING and no
     * exclusion clause is specified, then the window frame consists of a
     * contiguous group of rows extending forward from the start of the
     * partition, and rows only enter the frame, never exit it, as the current
     * row advances forward.  This makes it possible to use an incremental
     * strategy for evaluating aggregates: we run the transition function for
     * each row added to the frame, and run the final function whenever we
     * need the current aggregate value.  This is considerably more efficient
     * than the naive approach of re-running the entire aggregate calculation
     * for each current row.  It does assume that the final function doesn't
     * damage the running transition value, but we have the same assumption in
     * nodeAgg.c too (when it rescans an existing hash table).
     *
     * If the frame start does sometimes move, we can still optimize as above
     * whenever successive rows share the same frame head, but if the frame
     * head moves beyond the previous head we try to remove those rows using
     * the aggregate's inverse transition function.  This function restores
     * the aggregate's current state to what it would be if the removed row
     * had never been aggregated in the first place.  Inverse transition
     * functions may optionally return NULL, indicating that the function was
     * unable to remove the tuple from aggregation.  If this happens, or if
     * the aggregate doesn't have an inverse transition function at all, we
     * must perform the aggregation all over again for all tuples within the
     * new frame boundaries.
     *
     * If there's any exclusion clause, then we may have to aggregate over a
     * non-contiguous set of rows, so we punt and recalculate for every row.
     * (For some frame end choices, it might be that the frame is always
     * contiguous anyway, but that's an optimization to investigate later.)
     *
     * In many common cases, multiple rows share the same frame and hence the
     * same aggregate value. (In particular, if there's no ORDER BY in a RANGE
     * window, then all rows are peers and so they all have window frame equal
     * to the whole partition.)  We optimize such cases by calculating the
     * aggregate value once when we reach the first row of a peer group, and
     * then returning the saved value for all subsequent rows.
     *
     * 'aggregatedupto' keeps track of the first row that has not yet been
     * accumulated into the aggregate transition values.  Whenever we start a
     * new peer group, we accumulate forward to the end of the peer group.
     */
 
    /*
     * First, update the frame head position.
     *
     * The frame head should never move backwards, and the code below wouldn't
     * cope if it did, so for safety we complain if it does.
     */
    update_frameheadpos(winstate);
    if (winstate->frameheadpos < winstate->aggregatedbase)
        elog(ERROR, "window frame head moved backward");
 
    /*
     * If the frame didn't change compared to the previous row, we can re-use
     * the result values that were previously saved at the bottom of this
     * function.  Since we don't know the current frame's end yet, this is not
     * possible to check for fully.  But if the frame end mode is UNBOUNDED
     * FOLLOWING or CURRENT ROW, no exclusion clause is specified, and the
     * current row lies within the previous row's frame, then the two frames'
     * ends must coincide.  Note that on the first row aggregatedbase ==
     * aggregatedupto, meaning this test must fail, so we don't need to check
     * the "there was no previous row" case explicitly here.
     */
    if (winstate->aggregatedbase == winstate->frameheadpos &&
        (winstate->frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_END_UNBOUNDED_FOLLOWING |
                                   FRAMEOPTION_END_CURRENT_ROW)) &&
        !(winstate->frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUSION) &&
        winstate->aggregatedbase <= winstate->currentpos &&
        winstate->aggregatedupto > winstate->currentpos)
    {
        for (i = 0; i < numaggs; i++)
        {
            peraggstate = &winstate->peragg[i];
            wfuncno = peraggstate->wfuncno;
            econtext->ecxt_aggvalues[wfuncno] = peraggstate->resultValue;
            econtext->ecxt_aggnulls[wfuncno] = peraggstate->resultValueIsNull;
        }
        return;
    }
 
    /*----------
     * Initialize restart flags.
     *
     * We restart the aggregation:
     *   - if we're processing the first row in the partition, or
     *   - if the frame's head moved and we cannot use an inverse
     *     transition function, or
     *   - we have an EXCLUSION clause, or
     *   - if the new frame doesn't overlap the old one
     *
     * Note that we don't strictly need to restart in the last case, but if
     * we're going to remove all rows from the aggregation anyway, a restart
     * surely is faster.
     *----------
     */
    numaggs_restart = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < numaggs; i++)
    {
        peraggstate = &winstate->peragg[i];
        if (winstate->currentpos == 0 ||
            (winstate->aggregatedbase != winstate->frameheadpos &&
             !OidIsValid(peraggstate->invtransfn_oid)) ||
            (winstate->frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUSION) ||
            winstate->aggregatedupto <= winstate->frameheadpos)
        {
            peraggstate->restart = true;
            numaggs_restart++;
        }
        else
            peraggstate->restart = false;
    }
 
    /*
     * If we have any possibly-moving aggregates, attempt to advance
     * aggregatedbase to match the frame's head by removing input rows that
     * fell off the top of the frame from the aggregations.  This can fail,
     * i.e. advance_windowaggregate_base() can return false, in which case
     * we'll restart that aggregate below.
     */
    while (numaggs_restart < numaggs &&
           winstate->aggregatedbase < winstate->frameheadpos)
    {
        /*
         * Fetch the next tuple of those being removed. This should never fail
         * as we should have been here before.
         */
        if (!window_gettupleslot(agg_winobj, winstate->aggregatedbase,
                                 temp_slot))
            elog(ERROR, "could not re-fetch previously fetched frame row");
 
        /* Set tuple context for evaluation of aggregate arguments */
        winstate->tmpcontext->ecxt_outertuple = temp_slot;
 
        /*
         * Perform the inverse transition for each aggregate function in the
         * window, unless it has already been marked as needing a restart.
         */
        for (i = 0; i < numaggs; i++)
        {
            bool        ok;
 
            peraggstate = &winstate->peragg[i];
            if (peraggstate->restart)
                continue;
 
            wfuncno = peraggstate->wfuncno;
            ok = advance_windowaggregate_base(winstate,
                                              &winstate->perfunc[wfuncno],
                                              peraggstate);
            if (!ok)
            {
                /* Inverse transition function has failed, must restart */
                peraggstate->restart = true;
                numaggs_restart++;
            }
        }
 
        /* Reset per-input-tuple context after each tuple */
        ResetExprContext(winstate->tmpcontext);
 
        /* And advance the aggregated-row state */
        winstate->aggregatedbase++;
        ExecClearTuple(temp_slot);
    }
 
    /*
     * If we successfully advanced the base rows of all the aggregates,
     * aggregatedbase now equals frameheadpos; but if we failed for any, we
     * must forcibly update aggregatedbase.
     */
    winstate->aggregatedbase = winstate->frameheadpos;
 
    /*
     * If we created a mark pointer for aggregates, keep it pushed up to frame
     * head, so that tuplestore can discard unnecessary rows.
     */
    if (agg_winobj->markptr >= 0)
        WinSetMarkPosition(agg_winobj, winstate->frameheadpos);
 
    /*
     * Now restart the aggregates that require it.
     *
     * We assume that aggregates using the shared context always restart if
     * *any* aggregate restarts, and we may thus clean up the shared
     * aggcontext if that is the case.  Private aggcontexts are reset by
     * initialize_windowaggregate() if their owning aggregate restarts. If we
     * aren't restarting an aggregate, we need to free any previously saved
     * result for it, else we'll leak memory.
     */
    if (numaggs_restart > 0)
        MemoryContextReset(winstate->aggcontext);
    for (i = 0; i < numaggs; i++)
    {
        peraggstate = &winstate->peragg[i];
 
        /* Aggregates using the shared ctx must restart if *any* agg does */
        Assert(peraggstate->aggcontext != winstate->aggcontext ||
               numaggs_restart == 0 ||
               peraggstate->restart);
 
        if (peraggstate->restart)
        {
            wfuncno = peraggstate->wfuncno;
            initialize_windowaggregate(winstate,
                                       &winstate->perfunc[wfuncno],
                                       peraggstate);
        }
        else if (!peraggstate->resultValueIsNull)
        {
            if (!peraggstate->resulttypeByVal)
                pfree(DatumGetPointer(peraggstate->resultValue));
            peraggstate->resultValue = (Datum) 0;
            peraggstate->resultValueIsNull = true;
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * Non-restarted aggregates now contain the rows between aggregatedbase
     * (i.e., frameheadpos) and aggregatedupto, while restarted aggregates
     * contain no rows.  If there are any restarted aggregates, we must thus
     * begin aggregating anew at frameheadpos, otherwise we may simply
     * continue at aggregatedupto.  We must remember the old value of
     * aggregatedupto to know how long to skip advancing non-restarted
     * aggregates.  If we modify aggregatedupto, we must also clear
     * agg_row_slot, per the loop invariant below.
     */
    aggregatedupto_nonrestarted = winstate->aggregatedupto;
    if (numaggs_restart > 0 &&
        winstate->aggregatedupto != winstate->frameheadpos)
    {
        winstate->aggregatedupto = winstate->frameheadpos;
        ExecClearTuple(agg_row_slot);
    }
 
    /*
     * Advance until we reach a row not in frame (or end of partition).
     *
     * Note the loop invariant: agg_row_slot is either empty or holds the row
     * at position aggregatedupto.  We advance aggregatedupto after processing
     * a row.
     */
    for (;;)
    {
        int         ret;
 
        /* Fetch next row if we didn't already */
        if (TupIsNull(agg_row_slot))
        {
            if (!window_gettupleslot(agg_winobj, winstate->aggregatedupto,
                                     agg_row_slot))
                break;          /* must be end of partition */
        }
 
        /*
         * Exit loop if no more rows can be in frame.  Skip aggregation if
         * current row is not in frame but there might be more in the frame.
         */
        ret = row_is_in_frame(agg_winobj, winstate->aggregatedupto,
                              agg_row_slot, false);
        if (ret < 0)
            break;
        if (ret == 0)
            goto next_tuple;
 
        /* Set tuple context for evaluation of aggregate arguments */
        winstate->tmpcontext->ecxt_outertuple = agg_row_slot;
 
        /* Accumulate row into the aggregates */
        for (i = 0; i < numaggs; i++)
        {
            peraggstate = &winstate->peragg[i];
 
            /* Non-restarted aggs skip until aggregatedupto_nonrestarted */
            if (!peraggstate->restart &&
                winstate->aggregatedupto < aggregatedupto_nonrestarted)
                continue;
 
            wfuncno = peraggstate->wfuncno;
            advance_windowaggregate(winstate,
                                    &winstate->perfunc[wfuncno],
                                    peraggstate);
        }
 
next_tuple:
        /* Reset per-input-tuple context after each tuple */
        ResetExprContext(winstate->tmpcontext);
 
        /* And advance the aggregated-row state */
        winstate->aggregatedupto++;
        ExecClearTuple(agg_row_slot);
    }
 
    /* The frame's end is not supposed to move backwards, ever */
    Assert(aggregatedupto_nonrestarted <= winstate->aggregatedupto);
 
    /*
     * finalize aggregates and fill result/isnull fields.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < numaggs; i++)
    {
        Datum      *result;
        bool       *isnull;
 
        peraggstate = &winstate->peragg[i];
        wfuncno = peraggstate->wfuncno;
        result = &econtext->ecxt_aggvalues[wfuncno];
        isnull = &econtext->ecxt_aggnulls[wfuncno];
        finalize_windowaggregate(winstate,
                                 &winstate->perfunc[wfuncno],
                                 peraggstate,
                                 result, isnull);
 
        /*
         * save the result in case next row shares the same frame.
         *
         * XXX in some framing modes, eg ROWS/END_CURRENT_ROW, we can know in
         * advance that the next row can't possibly share the same frame. Is
         * it worth detecting that and skipping this code?
         */
        if (!peraggstate->resulttypeByVal && !*isnull)
        {
            oldContext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(peraggstate->aggcontext);
            peraggstate->resultValue =
                datumCopy(*result,
                          peraggstate->resulttypeByVal,
                          peraggstate->resulttypeLen);
            MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
        }
        else
        {
            peraggstate->resultValue = *result;
        }
        peraggstate->resultValueIsNull = *isnull;
    }
}
 
/*
 * eval_windowfunction
 *
 * Arguments of window functions are not evaluated here, because a window
 * function can need random access to arbitrary rows in the partition.
 * The window function uses the special WinGetFuncArgInPartition and
 * WinGetFuncArgInFrame functions to evaluate the arguments for the rows
 * it wants.
 */
static void
eval_windowfunction(WindowAggState *winstate, WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate,
                    Datum *result, bool *isnull)
{
    LOCAL_FCINFO(fcinfo, FUNC_MAX_ARGS);
    MemoryContext oldContext;
 
    oldContext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_tuple_memory);
 
    /*
     * We don't pass any normal arguments to a window function, but we do pass
     * it the number of arguments, in order to permit window function
     * implementations to support varying numbers of arguments.  The real info
     * goes through the WindowObject, which is passed via fcinfo->context.
     */
    InitFunctionCallInfoData(*fcinfo, &(perfuncstate->flinfo),
                             perfuncstate->numArguments,
                             perfuncstate->winCollation,
                             (Node *) perfuncstate->winobj, NULL);
    /* Just in case, make all the regular argument slots be null */
    for (int argno = 0; argno < perfuncstate->numArguments; argno++)
        fcinfo->args[argno].isnull = true;
    /* Window functions don't have a current aggregate context, either */
    winstate->curaggcontext = NULL;
 
    *result = FunctionCallInvoke(fcinfo);
    *isnull = fcinfo->isnull;
 
    /*
     * The window function might have returned a pass-by-ref result that's
     * just a pointer into one of the WindowObject's temporary slots.  That's
     * not a problem if it's the only window function using the WindowObject;
     * but if there's more than one function, we'd better copy the result to
     * ensure it's not clobbered by later window functions.
     */
    if (!perfuncstate->resulttypeByVal && !fcinfo->isnull &&
        winstate->numfuncs > 1)
        *result = datumCopy(*result,
                            perfuncstate->resulttypeByVal,
                            perfuncstate->resulttypeLen);
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldContext);
}
 
/*
 * prepare_tuplestore
 *      Prepare the tuplestore and all of the required read pointers for the
 *      WindowAggState's frameOptions.
 *
 * Note: We use pg_noinline to avoid bloating the calling function with code
 * which is only called once.
 */
static pg_noinline void
prepare_tuplestore(WindowAggState *winstate)
{
    WindowAgg  *node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
    int         frameOptions = winstate->frameOptions;
    int         numfuncs = winstate->numfuncs;
 
    /* we shouldn't be called if this was done already */
    Assert(winstate->buffer == NULL);
 
    /* Create new tuplestore */
    winstate->buffer = tuplestore_begin_heap(false, false, work_mem);
 
    /*
     * Set up read pointers for the tuplestore.  The current pointer doesn't
     * need BACKWARD capability, but the per-window-function read pointers do,
     * and the aggregate pointer does if we might need to restart aggregation.
     */
    winstate->current_ptr = 0;  /* read pointer 0 is pre-allocated */
 
    /* reset default REWIND capability bit for current ptr */
    tuplestore_set_eflags(winstate->buffer, 0);
 
    /* create read pointers for aggregates, if needed */
    if (winstate->numaggs > 0)
    {
        WindowObject agg_winobj = winstate->agg_winobj;
        int         readptr_flags = 0;
 
        /*
         * If the frame head is potentially movable, or we have an EXCLUSION
         * clause, we might need to restart aggregation ...
         */
        if (!(frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_UNBOUNDED_PRECEDING) ||
            (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUSION))
        {
            /* ... so create a mark pointer to track the frame head */
            agg_winobj->markptr = tuplestore_alloc_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, 0);
            /* and the read pointer will need BACKWARD capability */
            readptr_flags |= EXEC_FLAG_BACKWARD;
        }
 
        agg_winobj->readptr = tuplestore_alloc_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                                            readptr_flags);
    }
 
    /* create mark and read pointers for each real window function */
    for (int i = 0; i < numfuncs; i++)
    {
        WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate = &(winstate->perfunc[i]);
 
        if (!perfuncstate->plain_agg)
        {
            WindowObject winobj = perfuncstate->winobj;
 
            winobj->markptr = tuplestore_alloc_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                                            0);
            winobj->readptr = tuplestore_alloc_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                                            EXEC_FLAG_BACKWARD);
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * If we are in RANGE or GROUPS mode, then determining frame boundaries
     * requires physical access to the frame endpoint rows, except in certain
     * degenerate cases.  We create read pointers to point to those rows, to
     * simplify access and ensure that the tuplestore doesn't discard the
     * endpoint rows prematurely.  (Must create pointers in exactly the same
     * cases that update_frameheadpos and update_frametailpos need them.)
     */
    winstate->framehead_ptr = winstate->frametail_ptr = -1; /* if not used */
 
    if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_RANGE | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
    {
        if (((frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_CURRENT_ROW) &&
             node->ordNumCols != 0) ||
            (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET))
            winstate->framehead_ptr =
                tuplestore_alloc_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, 0);
        if (((frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_CURRENT_ROW) &&
             node->ordNumCols != 0) ||
            (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET))
            winstate->frametail_ptr =
                tuplestore_alloc_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, 0);
    }
 
    /*
     * If we have an exclusion clause that requires knowing the boundaries of
     * the current row's peer group, we create a read pointer to track the
     * tail position of the peer group (i.e., first row of the next peer
     * group).  The head position does not require its own pointer because we
     * maintain that as a side effect of advancing the current row.
     */
    winstate->grouptail_ptr = -1;
 
    if ((frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_GROUP |
                         FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_TIES)) &&
        node->ordNumCols != 0)
    {
        winstate->grouptail_ptr =
            tuplestore_alloc_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, 0);
    }
}
 
/*
 * begin_partition
 * Start buffering rows of the next partition.
 */
static void
begin_partition(WindowAggState *winstate)
{
    PlanState  *outerPlan = outerPlanState(winstate);
    int         numfuncs = winstate->numfuncs;
 
    winstate->partition_spooled = false;
    winstate->framehead_valid = false;
    winstate->frametail_valid = false;
    winstate->grouptail_valid = false;
    winstate->spooled_rows = 0;
    winstate->currentpos = 0;
    winstate->frameheadpos = 0;
    winstate->frametailpos = 0;
    winstate->currentgroup = 0;
    winstate->frameheadgroup = 0;
    winstate->frametailgroup = 0;
    winstate->groupheadpos = 0;
    winstate->grouptailpos = -1;    /* see update_grouptailpos */
    ExecClearTuple(winstate->agg_row_slot);
    if (winstate->framehead_slot)
        ExecClearTuple(winstate->framehead_slot);
    if (winstate->frametail_slot)
        ExecClearTuple(winstate->frametail_slot);
 
    /*
     * If this is the very first partition, we need to fetch the first input
     * row to store in first_part_slot.
     */
    if (TupIsNull(winstate->first_part_slot))
    {
        TupleTableSlot *outerslot = ExecProcNode(outerPlan);
 
        if (!TupIsNull(outerslot))
            ExecCopySlot(winstate->first_part_slot, outerslot);
        else
        {
            /* outer plan is empty, so we have nothing to do */
            winstate->partition_spooled = true;
            winstate->more_partitions = false;
            return;
        }
    }
 
    /* Create new tuplestore if not done already. */
    if (unlikely(winstate->buffer == NULL))
        prepare_tuplestore(winstate);
 
    winstate->next_partition = false;
 
    if (winstate->numaggs > 0)
    {
        WindowObject agg_winobj = winstate->agg_winobj;
 
        /* reset mark and see positions for aggregate functions */
        agg_winobj->markpos = -1;
        agg_winobj->seekpos = -1;
 
        /* Also reset the row counters for aggregates */
        winstate->aggregatedbase = 0;
        winstate->aggregatedupto = 0;
    }
 
    /* reset mark and seek positions for each real window function */
    for (int i = 0; i < numfuncs; i++)
    {
        WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate = &(winstate->perfunc[i]);
 
        if (!perfuncstate->plain_agg)
        {
            WindowObject winobj = perfuncstate->winobj;
 
            winobj->markpos = -1;
            winobj->seekpos = -1;
 
            /* reset null map */
            if (winobj->ignore_nulls == IGNORE_NULLS ||
                winobj->ignore_nulls == PARSER_IGNORE_NULLS)
            {
                int         numargs = perfuncstate->numArguments;
 
                for (int j = 0; j < numargs; j++)
                {
                    int         n = winobj->num_notnull_info[j];
 
                    if (n > 0)
                        memset(winobj->notnull_info[j], 0,
                               NN_POS_TO_BYTES(n));
                }
            }
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * Store the first tuple into the tuplestore (it's always available now;
     * we either read it above, or saved it at the end of previous partition)
     */
    tuplestore_puttupleslot(winstate->buffer, winstate->first_part_slot);
    winstate->spooled_rows++;
}
 
/*
 * Read tuples from the outer node, up to and including position 'pos', and
 * store them into the tuplestore. If pos is -1, reads the whole partition.
 */
static void
spool_tuples(WindowAggState *winstate, int64 pos)
{
    WindowAgg  *node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
    PlanState  *outerPlan;
    TupleTableSlot *outerslot;
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    if (!winstate->buffer)
        return;                 /* just a safety check */
    if (winstate->partition_spooled)
        return;                 /* whole partition done already */
 
    /*
     * When in pass-through mode we can just exhaust all tuples in the current
     * partition.  We don't need these tuples for any further window function
     * evaluation, however, we do need to keep them around if we're not the
     * top-level window as another WindowAgg node above must see these.
     */
    if (winstate->status != WINDOWAGG_RUN)
    {
        Assert(winstate->status == WINDOWAGG_PASSTHROUGH ||
               winstate->status == WINDOWAGG_PASSTHROUGH_STRICT);
 
        pos = -1;
    }
 
    /*
     * If the tuplestore has spilled to disk, alternate reading and writing
     * becomes quite expensive due to frequent buffer flushes.  It's cheaper
     * to force the entire partition to get spooled in one go.
     *
     * XXX this is a horrid kluge --- it'd be better to fix the performance
     * problem inside tuplestore.  FIXME
     */
    else if (!tuplestore_in_memory(winstate->buffer))
        pos = -1;
 
    outerPlan = outerPlanState(winstate);
 
    /* Must be in query context to call outerplan */
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_query_memory);
 
    while (winstate->spooled_rows <= pos || pos == -1)
    {
        outerslot = ExecProcNode(outerPlan);
        if (TupIsNull(outerslot))
        {
            /* reached the end of the last partition */
            winstate->partition_spooled = true;
            winstate->more_partitions = false;
            break;
        }
 
        if (node->partNumCols > 0)
        {
            ExprContext *econtext = winstate->tmpcontext;
 
            econtext->ecxt_innertuple = winstate->first_part_slot;
            econtext->ecxt_outertuple = outerslot;
 
            /* Check if this tuple still belongs to the current partition */
            if (!ExecQualAndReset(winstate->partEqfunction, econtext))
            {
                /*
                 * end of partition; copy the tuple for the next cycle.
                 */
                ExecCopySlot(winstate->first_part_slot, outerslot);
                winstate->partition_spooled = true;
                winstate->more_partitions = true;
                break;
            }
        }
 
        /*
         * Remember the tuple unless we're the top-level window and we're in
         * pass-through mode.
         */
        if (winstate->status != WINDOWAGG_PASSTHROUGH_STRICT)
        {
            /* Still in partition, so save it into the tuplestore */
            tuplestore_puttupleslot(winstate->buffer, outerslot);
            winstate->spooled_rows++;
        }
    }
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
 
/*
 * release_partition
 * clear information kept within a partition, including
 * tuplestore and aggregate results.
 */
static void
release_partition(WindowAggState *winstate)
{
    int         i;
 
    for (i = 0; i < winstate->numfuncs; i++)
    {
        WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate = &(winstate->perfunc[i]);
 
        /* Release any partition-local state of this window function */
        if (perfuncstate->winobj)
            perfuncstate->winobj->localmem = NULL;
    }
 
    /*
     * Release all partition-local memory (in particular, any partition-local
     * state that we might have trashed our pointers to in the above loop, and
     * any aggregate temp data).  We don't rely on retail pfree because some
     * aggregates might have allocated data we don't have direct pointers to.
     */
    MemoryContextReset(winstate->partcontext);
    MemoryContextReset(winstate->aggcontext);
    for (i = 0; i < winstate->numaggs; i++)
    {
        if (winstate->peragg[i].aggcontext != winstate->aggcontext)
            MemoryContextReset(winstate->peragg[i].aggcontext);
    }
 
    if (winstate->buffer)
        tuplestore_clear(winstate->buffer);
    winstate->partition_spooled = false;
    winstate->next_partition = true;
}
 
/*
 * row_is_in_frame
 * Determine whether a row is in the current row's window frame according
 * to our window framing rule
 *
 * The caller must have already determined that the row is in the partition
 * and fetched it into a slot if fetch_tuple is false.
 * This function just encapsulates the framing rules.
 *
 * Returns:
 * -1, if the row is out of frame and no succeeding rows can be in frame
 * 0, if the row is out of frame but succeeding rows might be in frame
 * 1, if the row is in frame
 *
 * May clobber winstate->temp_slot_2.
 */
static int
row_is_in_frame(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos, TupleTableSlot *slot,
                bool fetch_tuple)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate = winobj->winstate;
    int         frameOptions = winstate->frameOptions;
 
    Assert(pos >= 0);           /* else caller error */
 
    /*
     * First, check frame starting conditions.  We might as well delegate this
     * to update_frameheadpos always; it doesn't add any notable cost.
     */
    update_frameheadpos(winstate);
    if (pos < winstate->frameheadpos)
        return 0;
 
    /*
     * Okay so far, now check frame ending conditions.  Here, we avoid calling
     * update_frametailpos in simple cases, so as not to spool tuples further
     * ahead than necessary.
     */
    if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_CURRENT_ROW)
    {
        if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_ROWS)
        {
            /* rows after current row are out of frame */
            if (pos > winstate->currentpos)
                return -1;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_RANGE | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
        {
            /* following row that is not peer is out of frame */
            if (pos > winstate->currentpos)
            {
                if (fetch_tuple)    /* need to fetch tuple? */
                    if (!window_gettupleslot(winobj, pos, slot))
                        return -1;
                if (!are_peers(winstate, slot, winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot))
                    return -1;
            }
        }
        else
            Assert(false);
    }
    else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET)
    {
        if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_ROWS)
        {
            int64       offset = DatumGetInt64(winstate->endOffsetValue);
 
            /* rows after current row + offset are out of frame */
            if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_PRECEDING)
                offset = -offset;
 
            if (pos > winstate->currentpos + offset)
                return -1;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_RANGE | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
        {
            /* hard cases, so delegate to update_frametailpos */
            update_frametailpos(winstate);
            if (pos >= winstate->frametailpos)
                return -1;
        }
        else
            Assert(false);
    }
 
    /* Check exclusion clause */
    if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_CURRENT_ROW)
    {
        if (pos == winstate->currentpos)
            return 0;
    }
    else if ((frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_GROUP) ||
             ((frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_TIES) &&
              pos != winstate->currentpos))
    {
        WindowAgg  *node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
 
        /* If no ORDER BY, all rows are peers with each other */
        if (node->ordNumCols == 0)
            return 0;
        /* Otherwise, check the group boundaries */
        if (pos >= winstate->groupheadpos)
        {
            update_grouptailpos(winstate);
            if (pos < winstate->grouptailpos)
                return 0;
        }
    }
 
    /* If we get here, it's in frame */
    return 1;
}
 
/*
 * update_frameheadpos
 * make frameheadpos valid for the current row
 *
 * Note that frameheadpos is computed without regard for any window exclusion
 * clause; the current row and/or its peers are considered part of the frame
 * for this purpose even if they must be excluded later.
 *
 * May clobber winstate->temp_slot_2.
 */
static void
update_frameheadpos(WindowAggState *winstate)
{
    WindowAgg  *node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
    int         frameOptions = winstate->frameOptions;
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    if (winstate->framehead_valid)
        return;                 /* already known for current row */
 
    /* We may be called in a short-lived context */
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_query_memory);
 
    if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_UNBOUNDED_PRECEDING)
    {
        /* In UNBOUNDED PRECEDING mode, frame head is always row 0 */
        winstate->frameheadpos = 0;
        winstate->framehead_valid = true;
    }
    else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_CURRENT_ROW)
    {
        if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_ROWS)
        {
            /* In ROWS mode, frame head is the same as current */
            winstate->frameheadpos = winstate->currentpos;
            winstate->framehead_valid = true;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_RANGE | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
        {
            /* If no ORDER BY, all rows are peers with each other */
            if (node->ordNumCols == 0)
            {
                winstate->frameheadpos = 0;
                winstate->framehead_valid = true;
                MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
                return;
            }
 
            /*
             * In RANGE or GROUPS START_CURRENT_ROW mode, frame head is the
             * first row that is a peer of current row.  We keep a copy of the
             * last-known frame head row in framehead_slot, and advance as
             * necessary.  Note that if we reach end of partition, we will
             * leave frameheadpos = end+1 and framehead_slot empty.
             */
            tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                           winstate->framehead_ptr);
            if (winstate->frameheadpos == 0 &&
                TupIsNull(winstate->framehead_slot))
            {
                /* fetch first row into framehead_slot, if we didn't already */
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->framehead_slot))
                    elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
            }
 
            while (!TupIsNull(winstate->framehead_slot))
            {
                if (are_peers(winstate, winstate->framehead_slot,
                              winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot))
                    break;      /* this row is the correct frame head */
                /* Note we advance frameheadpos even if the fetch fails */
                winstate->frameheadpos++;
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frameheadpos);
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->framehead_slot))
                    break;      /* end of partition */
            }
            winstate->framehead_valid = true;
        }
        else
            Assert(false);
    }
    else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET)
    {
        if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_ROWS)
        {
            /* In ROWS mode, bound is physically n before/after current */
            int64       offset = DatumGetInt64(winstate->startOffsetValue);
 
            if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET_PRECEDING)
                offset = -offset;
 
            winstate->frameheadpos = winstate->currentpos + offset;
            /* frame head can't go before first row */
            if (winstate->frameheadpos < 0)
                winstate->frameheadpos = 0;
            else if (winstate->frameheadpos > winstate->currentpos + 1)
            {
                /* make sure frameheadpos is not past end of partition */
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frameheadpos - 1);
                if (winstate->frameheadpos > winstate->spooled_rows)
                    winstate->frameheadpos = winstate->spooled_rows;
            }
            winstate->framehead_valid = true;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_RANGE)
        {
            /*
             * In RANGE START_OFFSET mode, frame head is the first row that
             * satisfies the in_range constraint relative to the current row.
             * We keep a copy of the last-known frame head row in
             * framehead_slot, and advance as necessary.  Note that if we
             * reach end of partition, we will leave frameheadpos = end+1 and
             * framehead_slot empty.
             */
            int         sortCol = node->ordColIdx[0];
            bool        sub,
                        less;
 
            /* We must have an ordering column */
            Assert(node->ordNumCols == 1);
 
            /* Precompute flags for in_range checks */
            if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET_PRECEDING)
                sub = true;     /* subtract startOffset from current row */
            else
                sub = false;    /* add it */
            less = false;       /* normally, we want frame head >= sum */
            /* If sort order is descending, flip both flags */
            if (!winstate->inRangeAsc)
            {
                sub = !sub;
                less = true;
            }
 
            tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                           winstate->framehead_ptr);
            if (winstate->frameheadpos == 0 &&
                TupIsNull(winstate->framehead_slot))
            {
                /* fetch first row into framehead_slot, if we didn't already */
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->framehead_slot))
                    elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
            }
 
            while (!TupIsNull(winstate->framehead_slot))
            {
                Datum       headval,
                            currval;
                bool        headisnull,
                            currisnull;
 
                headval = slot_getattr(winstate->framehead_slot, sortCol,
                                       &headisnull);
                currval = slot_getattr(winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot, sortCol,
                                       &currisnull);
                if (headisnull || currisnull)
                {
                    /* order of the rows depends only on nulls_first */
                    if (winstate->inRangeNullsFirst)
                    {
                        /* advance head if head is null and curr is not */
                        if (!headisnull || currisnull)
                            break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        /* advance head if head is not null and curr is null */
                        if (headisnull || !currisnull)
                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (DatumGetBool(FunctionCall5Coll(&winstate->startInRangeFunc,
                                                       winstate->inRangeColl,
                                                       headval,
                                                       currval,
                                                       winstate->startOffsetValue,
                                                       BoolGetDatum(sub),
                                                       BoolGetDatum(less))))
                        break;  /* this row is the correct frame head */
                }
                /* Note we advance frameheadpos even if the fetch fails */
                winstate->frameheadpos++;
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frameheadpos);
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->framehead_slot))
                    break;      /* end of partition */
            }
            winstate->framehead_valid = true;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS)
        {
            /*
             * In GROUPS START_OFFSET mode, frame head is the first row of the
             * first peer group whose number satisfies the offset constraint.
             * We keep a copy of the last-known frame head row in
             * framehead_slot, and advance as necessary.  Note that if we
             * reach end of partition, we will leave frameheadpos = end+1 and
             * framehead_slot empty.
             */
            int64       offset = DatumGetInt64(winstate->startOffsetValue);
            int64       minheadgroup;
 
            if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET_PRECEDING)
                minheadgroup = winstate->currentgroup - offset;
            else
                minheadgroup = winstate->currentgroup + offset;
 
            tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                           winstate->framehead_ptr);
            if (winstate->frameheadpos == 0 &&
                TupIsNull(winstate->framehead_slot))
            {
                /* fetch first row into framehead_slot, if we didn't already */
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->framehead_slot))
                    elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
            }
 
            while (!TupIsNull(winstate->framehead_slot))
            {
                if (winstate->frameheadgroup >= minheadgroup)
                    break;      /* this row is the correct frame head */
                ExecCopySlot(winstate->temp_slot_2, winstate->framehead_slot);
                /* Note we advance frameheadpos even if the fetch fails */
                winstate->frameheadpos++;
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frameheadpos);
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->framehead_slot))
                    break;      /* end of partition */
                if (!are_peers(winstate, winstate->temp_slot_2,
                               winstate->framehead_slot))
                    winstate->frameheadgroup++;
            }
            ExecClearTuple(winstate->temp_slot_2);
            winstate->framehead_valid = true;
        }
        else
            Assert(false);
    }
    else
        Assert(false);
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
 
/*
 * update_frametailpos
 * make frametailpos valid for the current row
 *
 * Note that frametailpos is computed without regard for any window exclusion
 * clause; the current row and/or its peers are considered part of the frame
 * for this purpose even if they must be excluded later.
 *
 * May clobber winstate->temp_slot_2.
 */
static void
update_frametailpos(WindowAggState *winstate)
{
    WindowAgg  *node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
    int         frameOptions = winstate->frameOptions;
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    if (winstate->frametail_valid)
        return;                 /* already known for current row */
 
    /* We may be called in a short-lived context */
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_query_memory);
 
    if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_UNBOUNDED_FOLLOWING)
    {
        /* In UNBOUNDED FOLLOWING mode, all partition rows are in frame */
        spool_tuples(winstate, -1);
        winstate->frametailpos = winstate->spooled_rows;
        winstate->frametail_valid = true;
    }
    else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_CURRENT_ROW)
    {
        if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_ROWS)
        {
            /* In ROWS mode, exactly the rows up to current are in frame */
            winstate->frametailpos = winstate->currentpos + 1;
            winstate->frametail_valid = true;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_RANGE | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
        {
            /* If no ORDER BY, all rows are peers with each other */
            if (node->ordNumCols == 0)
            {
                spool_tuples(winstate, -1);
                winstate->frametailpos = winstate->spooled_rows;
                winstate->frametail_valid = true;
                MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
                return;
            }
 
            /*
             * In RANGE or GROUPS END_CURRENT_ROW mode, frame end is the last
             * row that is a peer of current row, frame tail is the row after
             * that (if any).  We keep a copy of the last-known frame tail row
             * in frametail_slot, and advance as necessary.  Note that if we
             * reach end of partition, we will leave frametailpos = end+1 and
             * frametail_slot empty.
             */
            tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                           winstate->frametail_ptr);
            if (winstate->frametailpos == 0 &&
                TupIsNull(winstate->frametail_slot))
            {
                /* fetch first row into frametail_slot, if we didn't already */
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->frametail_slot))
                    elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
            }
 
            while (!TupIsNull(winstate->frametail_slot))
            {
                if (winstate->frametailpos > winstate->currentpos &&
                    !are_peers(winstate, winstate->frametail_slot,
                               winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot))
                    break;      /* this row is the frame tail */
                /* Note we advance frametailpos even if the fetch fails */
                winstate->frametailpos++;
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frametailpos);
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->frametail_slot))
                    break;      /* end of partition */
            }
            winstate->frametail_valid = true;
        }
        else
            Assert(false);
    }
    else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET)
    {
        if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_ROWS)
        {
            /* In ROWS mode, bound is physically n before/after current */
            int64       offset = DatumGetInt64(winstate->endOffsetValue);
 
            if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_PRECEDING)
                offset = -offset;
 
            winstate->frametailpos = winstate->currentpos + offset + 1;
            /* smallest allowable value of frametailpos is 0 */
            if (winstate->frametailpos < 0)
                winstate->frametailpos = 0;
            else if (winstate->frametailpos > winstate->currentpos + 1)
            {
                /* make sure frametailpos is not past end of partition */
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frametailpos - 1);
                if (winstate->frametailpos > winstate->spooled_rows)
                    winstate->frametailpos = winstate->spooled_rows;
            }
            winstate->frametail_valid = true;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_RANGE)
        {
            /*
             * In RANGE END_OFFSET mode, frame end is the last row that
             * satisfies the in_range constraint relative to the current row,
             * frame tail is the row after that (if any).  We keep a copy of
             * the last-known frame tail row in frametail_slot, and advance as
             * necessary.  Note that if we reach end of partition, we will
             * leave frametailpos = end+1 and frametail_slot empty.
             */
            int         sortCol = node->ordColIdx[0];
            bool        sub,
                        less;
 
            /* We must have an ordering column */
            Assert(node->ordNumCols == 1);
 
            /* Precompute flags for in_range checks */
            if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_PRECEDING)
                sub = true;     /* subtract endOffset from current row */
            else
                sub = false;    /* add it */
            less = true;        /* normally, we want frame tail <= sum */
            /* If sort order is descending, flip both flags */
            if (!winstate->inRangeAsc)
            {
                sub = !sub;
                less = false;
            }
 
            tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                           winstate->frametail_ptr);
            if (winstate->frametailpos == 0 &&
                TupIsNull(winstate->frametail_slot))
            {
                /* fetch first row into frametail_slot, if we didn't already */
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->frametail_slot))
                    elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
            }
 
            while (!TupIsNull(winstate->frametail_slot))
            {
                Datum       tailval,
                            currval;
                bool        tailisnull,
                            currisnull;
 
                tailval = slot_getattr(winstate->frametail_slot, sortCol,
                                       &tailisnull);
                currval = slot_getattr(winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot, sortCol,
                                       &currisnull);
                if (tailisnull || currisnull)
                {
                    /* order of the rows depends only on nulls_first */
                    if (winstate->inRangeNullsFirst)
                    {
                        /* advance tail if tail is null or curr is not */
                        if (!tailisnull)
                            break;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        /* advance tail if tail is not null or curr is null */
                        if (!currisnull)
                            break;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    if (!DatumGetBool(FunctionCall5Coll(&winstate->endInRangeFunc,
                                                        winstate->inRangeColl,
                                                        tailval,
                                                        currval,
                                                        winstate->endOffsetValue,
                                                        BoolGetDatum(sub),
                                                        BoolGetDatum(less))))
                        break;  /* this row is the correct frame tail */
                }
                /* Note we advance frametailpos even if the fetch fails */
                winstate->frametailpos++;
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frametailpos);
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->frametail_slot))
                    break;      /* end of partition */
            }
            winstate->frametail_valid = true;
        }
        else if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS)
        {
            /*
             * In GROUPS END_OFFSET mode, frame end is the last row of the
             * last peer group whose number satisfies the offset constraint,
             * and frame tail is the row after that (if any).  We keep a copy
             * of the last-known frame tail row in frametail_slot, and advance
             * as necessary.  Note that if we reach end of partition, we will
             * leave frametailpos = end+1 and frametail_slot empty.
             */
            int64       offset = DatumGetInt64(winstate->endOffsetValue);
            int64       maxtailgroup;
 
            if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET_PRECEDING)
                maxtailgroup = winstate->currentgroup - offset;
            else
                maxtailgroup = winstate->currentgroup + offset;
 
            tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                           winstate->frametail_ptr);
            if (winstate->frametailpos == 0 &&
                TupIsNull(winstate->frametail_slot))
            {
                /* fetch first row into frametail_slot, if we didn't already */
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->frametail_slot))
                    elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
            }
 
            while (!TupIsNull(winstate->frametail_slot))
            {
                if (winstate->frametailgroup > maxtailgroup)
                    break;      /* this row is the correct frame tail */
                ExecCopySlot(winstate->temp_slot_2, winstate->frametail_slot);
                /* Note we advance frametailpos even if the fetch fails */
                winstate->frametailpos++;
                spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->frametailpos);
                if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                             winstate->frametail_slot))
                    break;      /* end of partition */
                if (!are_peers(winstate, winstate->temp_slot_2,
                               winstate->frametail_slot))
                    winstate->frametailgroup++;
            }
            ExecClearTuple(winstate->temp_slot_2);
            winstate->frametail_valid = true;
        }
        else
            Assert(false);
    }
    else
        Assert(false);
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
 
/*
 * update_grouptailpos
 * make grouptailpos valid for the current row
 *
 * May clobber winstate->temp_slot_2.
 */
static void
update_grouptailpos(WindowAggState *winstate)
{
    WindowAgg  *node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    if (winstate->grouptail_valid)
        return;                 /* already known for current row */
 
    /* We may be called in a short-lived context */
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_query_memory);
 
    /* If no ORDER BY, all rows are peers with each other */
    if (node->ordNumCols == 0)
    {
        spool_tuples(winstate, -1);
        winstate->grouptailpos = winstate->spooled_rows;
        winstate->grouptail_valid = true;
        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
        return;
    }
 
    /*
     * Because grouptail_valid is reset only when current row advances into a
     * new peer group, we always reach here knowing that grouptailpos needs to
     * be advanced by at least one row.  Hence, unlike the otherwise similar
     * case for frame tail tracking, we do not need persistent storage of the
     * group tail row.
     */
    Assert(winstate->grouptailpos <= winstate->currentpos);
    tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer,
                                   winstate->grouptail_ptr);
    for (;;)
    {
        /* Note we advance grouptailpos even if the fetch fails */
        winstate->grouptailpos++;
        spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->grouptailpos);
        if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                     winstate->temp_slot_2))
            break;              /* end of partition */
        if (winstate->grouptailpos > winstate->currentpos &&
            !are_peers(winstate, winstate->temp_slot_2,
                       winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot))
            break;              /* this row is the group tail */
    }
    ExecClearTuple(winstate->temp_slot_2);
    winstate->grouptail_valid = true;
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
}
 
/*
 * calculate_frame_offsets
 *      Determine the startOffsetValue and endOffsetValue values for the
 *      WindowAgg's frame options.
 */
static pg_noinline void
calculate_frame_offsets(PlanState *pstate)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate = castNode(WindowAggState, pstate);
    ExprContext *econtext;
    int         frameOptions = winstate->frameOptions;
    Datum       value;
    bool        isnull;
    int16       len;
    bool        byval;
 
    /* Ensure we've not been called before for this scan */
    Assert(winstate->all_first);
 
    econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
 
    if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET)
    {
        Assert(winstate->startOffset != NULL);
        value = ExecEvalExprSwitchContext(winstate->startOffset,
                                          econtext,
                                          &isnull);
        if (isnull)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
                     errmsg("frame starting offset must not be null")));
        /* copy value into query-lifespan context */
        get_typlenbyval(exprType((Node *) winstate->startOffset->expr),
                        &len,
                        &byval);
        winstate->startOffsetValue = datumCopy(value, byval, len);
        if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_ROWS | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
        {
            /* value is known to be int8 */
            int64       offset = DatumGetInt64(value);
 
            if (offset < 0)
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PRECEDING_OR_FOLLOWING_SIZE),
                         errmsg("frame starting offset must not be negative")));
        }
    }
 
    if (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET)
    {
        Assert(winstate->endOffset != NULL);
        value = ExecEvalExprSwitchContext(winstate->endOffset,
                                          econtext,
                                          &isnull);
        if (isnull)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_NULL_VALUE_NOT_ALLOWED),
                     errmsg("frame ending offset must not be null")));
        /* copy value into query-lifespan context */
        get_typlenbyval(exprType((Node *) winstate->endOffset->expr),
                        &len,
                        &byval);
        winstate->endOffsetValue = datumCopy(value, byval, len);
        if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_ROWS | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
        {
            /* value is known to be int8 */
            int64       offset = DatumGetInt64(value);
 
            if (offset < 0)
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PRECEDING_OR_FOLLOWING_SIZE),
                         errmsg("frame ending offset must not be negative")));
        }
    }
    winstate->all_first = false;
}
 
/* -----------------
 * ExecWindowAgg
 *
 *  ExecWindowAgg receives tuples from its outer subplan and
 *  stores them into a tuplestore, then processes window functions.
 *  This node doesn't reduce nor qualify any row so the number of
 *  returned rows is exactly the same as its outer subplan's result.
 * -----------------
 */
static TupleTableSlot *
ExecWindowAgg(PlanState *pstate)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate = castNode(WindowAggState, pstate);
    TupleTableSlot *slot;
    ExprContext *econtext;
    int         i;
    int         numfuncs;
 
    CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
    if (winstate->status == WINDOWAGG_DONE)
        return NULL;
 
    /*
     * Compute frame offset values, if any, during first call (or after a
     * rescan).  These are assumed to hold constant throughout the scan; if
     * user gives us a volatile expression, we'll only use its initial value.
     */
    if (unlikely(winstate->all_first))
        calculate_frame_offsets(pstate);
 
    /* We need to loop as the runCondition or qual may filter out tuples */
    for (;;)
    {
        if (winstate->next_partition)
        {
            /* Initialize for first partition and set current row = 0 */
            begin_partition(winstate);
            /* If there are no input rows, we'll detect that and exit below */
        }
        else
        {
            /* Advance current row within partition */
            winstate->currentpos++;
            /* This might mean that the frame moves, too */
            winstate->framehead_valid = false;
            winstate->frametail_valid = false;
            /* we don't need to invalidate grouptail here; see below */
        }
 
        /*
         * Spool all tuples up to and including the current row, if we haven't
         * already
         */
        spool_tuples(winstate, winstate->currentpos);
 
        /* Move to the next partition if we reached the end of this partition */
        if (winstate->partition_spooled &&
            winstate->currentpos >= winstate->spooled_rows)
        {
            release_partition(winstate);
 
            if (winstate->more_partitions)
            {
                begin_partition(winstate);
                Assert(winstate->spooled_rows > 0);
 
                /* Come out of pass-through mode when changing partition */
                winstate->status = WINDOWAGG_RUN;
            }
            else
            {
                /* No further partitions?  We're done */
                winstate->status = WINDOWAGG_DONE;
                return NULL;
            }
        }
 
        /* final output execution is in ps_ExprContext */
        econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
 
        /* Clear the per-output-tuple context for current row */
        ResetExprContext(econtext);
 
        /*
         * Read the current row from the tuplestore, and save in
         * ScanTupleSlot. (We can't rely on the outerplan's output slot
         * because we may have to read beyond the current row.  Also, we have
         * to actually copy the row out of the tuplestore, since window
         * function evaluation might cause the tuplestore to dump its state to
         * disk.)
         *
         * In GROUPS mode, or when tracking a group-oriented exclusion clause,
         * we must also detect entering a new peer group and update associated
         * state when that happens.  We use temp_slot_2 to temporarily hold
         * the previous row for this purpose.
         *
         * Current row must be in the tuplestore, since we spooled it above.
         */
        tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, winstate->current_ptr);
        if ((winstate->frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS |
                                       FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_GROUP |
                                       FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_TIES)) &&
            winstate->currentpos > 0)
        {
            ExecCopySlot(winstate->temp_slot_2, winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot);
            if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                         winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot))
                elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
            if (!are_peers(winstate, winstate->temp_slot_2,
                           winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot))
            {
                winstate->currentgroup++;
                winstate->groupheadpos = winstate->currentpos;
                winstate->grouptail_valid = false;
            }
            ExecClearTuple(winstate->temp_slot_2);
        }
        else
        {
            if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true,
                                         winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot))
                elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
        }
 
        /* don't evaluate the window functions when we're in pass-through mode */
        if (winstate->status == WINDOWAGG_RUN)
        {
            /*
             * Evaluate true window functions
             */
            numfuncs = winstate->numfuncs;
            for (i = 0; i < numfuncs; i++)
            {
                WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate = &(winstate->perfunc[i]);
 
                if (perfuncstate->plain_agg)
                    continue;
                eval_windowfunction(winstate, perfuncstate,
                                    &(econtext->ecxt_aggvalues[perfuncstate->wfuncstate->wfuncno]),
                                    &(econtext->ecxt_aggnulls[perfuncstate->wfuncstate->wfuncno]));
            }
 
            /*
             * Evaluate aggregates
             */
            if (winstate->numaggs > 0)
                eval_windowaggregates(winstate);
        }
 
        /*
         * If we have created auxiliary read pointers for the frame or group
         * boundaries, force them to be kept up-to-date, because we don't know
         * whether the window function(s) will do anything that requires that.
         * Failing to advance the pointers would result in being unable to
         * trim data from the tuplestore, which is bad.  (If we could know in
         * advance whether the window functions will use frame boundary info,
         * we could skip creating these pointers in the first place ... but
         * unfortunately the window function API doesn't require that.)
         */
        if (winstate->framehead_ptr >= 0)
            update_frameheadpos(winstate);
        if (winstate->frametail_ptr >= 0)
            update_frametailpos(winstate);
        if (winstate->grouptail_ptr >= 0)
            update_grouptailpos(winstate);
 
        /*
         * Truncate any no-longer-needed rows from the tuplestore.
         */
        tuplestore_trim(winstate->buffer);
 
        /*
         * Form and return a projection tuple using the windowfunc results and
         * the current row.  Setting ecxt_outertuple arranges that any Vars
         * will be evaluated with respect to that row.
         */
        econtext->ecxt_outertuple = winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot;
 
        slot = ExecProject(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ProjInfo);
 
        if (winstate->status == WINDOWAGG_RUN)
        {
            econtext->ecxt_scantuple = slot;
 
            /*
             * Now evaluate the run condition to see if we need to go into
             * pass-through mode, or maybe stop completely.
             */
            if (!ExecQual(winstate->runcondition, econtext))
            {
                /*
                 * Determine which mode to move into.  If there is no
                 * PARTITION BY clause and we're the top-level WindowAgg then
                 * we're done.  This tuple and any future tuples cannot
                 * possibly match the runcondition.  However, when there is a
                 * PARTITION BY clause or we're not the top-level window we
                 * can't just stop as we need to either process other
                 * partitions or ensure WindowAgg nodes above us receive all
                 * of the tuples they need to process their WindowFuncs.
                 */
                if (winstate->use_pass_through)
                {
                    /*
                     * When switching into a pass-through mode, we'd better
                     * NULLify the aggregate results as these are no longer
                     * updated and NULLifying them avoids the old stale
                     * results lingering.  Some of these might be byref types
                     * so we can't have them pointing to free'd memory.  The
                     * planner insisted that quals used in the runcondition
                     * are strict, so the top-level WindowAgg will always
                     * filter these NULLs out in the filter clause.
                     */
                    numfuncs = winstate->numfuncs;
                    for (i = 0; i < numfuncs; i++)
                    {
                        econtext->ecxt_aggvalues[i] = (Datum) 0;
                        econtext->ecxt_aggnulls[i] = true;
                    }
 
                    /*
                     * STRICT pass-through mode is required for the top window
                     * when there is a PARTITION BY clause.  Otherwise we must
                     * ensure we store tuples that don't match the
                     * runcondition so they're available to WindowAggs above.
                     */
                    if (winstate->top_window)
                    {
                        winstate->status = WINDOWAGG_PASSTHROUGH_STRICT;
                        continue;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        winstate->status = WINDOWAGG_PASSTHROUGH;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    /*
                     * Pass-through not required.  We can just return NULL.
                     * Nothing else will match the runcondition.
                     */
                    winstate->status = WINDOWAGG_DONE;
                    return NULL;
                }
            }
 
            /*
             * Filter out any tuples we don't need in the top-level WindowAgg.
             */
            if (!ExecQual(winstate->ss.ps.qual, econtext))
            {
                InstrCountFiltered1(winstate, 1);
                continue;
            }
 
            break;
        }
 
        /*
         * When not in WINDOWAGG_RUN mode, we must still return this tuple if
         * we're anything apart from the top window.
         */
        else if (!winstate->top_window)
            break;
    }
 
    return slot;
}
 
/* -----------------
 * ExecInitWindowAgg
 *
 *  Creates the run-time information for the WindowAgg node produced by the
 *  planner and initializes its outer subtree
 * -----------------
 */
WindowAggState *
ExecInitWindowAgg(WindowAgg *node, EState *estate, int eflags)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
    Plan       *outerPlan;
    ExprContext *econtext;
    ExprContext *tmpcontext;
    WindowStatePerFunc perfunc;
    WindowStatePerAgg peragg;
    int         frameOptions = node->frameOptions;
    int         numfuncs,
                wfuncno,
                numaggs,
                aggno;
    TupleDesc   scanDesc;
    ListCell   *l;
 
    /* check for unsupported flags */
    Assert(!(eflags & (EXEC_FLAG_BACKWARD | EXEC_FLAG_MARK)));
 
    /*
     * create state structure
     */
    winstate = makeNode(WindowAggState);
    winstate->ss.ps.plan = (Plan *) node;
    winstate->ss.ps.state = estate;
    winstate->ss.ps.ExecProcNode = ExecWindowAgg;
 
    /* copy frame options to state node for easy access */
    winstate->frameOptions = frameOptions;
 
    /*
     * Create expression contexts.  We need two, one for per-input-tuple
     * processing and one for per-output-tuple processing.  We cheat a little
     * by using ExecAssignExprContext() to build both.
     */
    ExecAssignExprContext(estate, &winstate->ss.ps);
    tmpcontext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
    winstate->tmpcontext = tmpcontext;
    ExecAssignExprContext(estate, &winstate->ss.ps);
 
    /* Create long-lived context for storage of partition-local memory etc */
    winstate->partcontext =
        AllocSetContextCreate(CurrentMemoryContext,
                              "WindowAgg Partition",
                              ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 
    /*
     * Create mid-lived context for aggregate trans values etc.
     *
     * Note that moving aggregates each use their own private context, not
     * this one.
     */
    winstate->aggcontext =
        AllocSetContextCreate(CurrentMemoryContext,
                              "WindowAgg Aggregates",
                              ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
 
    /* Only the top-level WindowAgg may have a qual */
    Assert(node->plan.qual == NIL || node->topWindow);
 
    /* Initialize the qual */
    winstate->ss.ps.qual = ExecInitQual(node->plan.qual,
                                        (PlanState *) winstate);
 
    /*
     * Setup the run condition, if we received one from the query planner.
     * When set, this may allow us to move into pass-through mode so that we
     * don't have to perform any further evaluation of WindowFuncs in the
     * current partition or possibly stop returning tuples altogether when all
     * tuples are in the same partition.
     */
    winstate->runcondition = ExecInitQual(node->runCondition,
                                          (PlanState *) winstate);
 
    /*
     * When we're not the top-level WindowAgg node or we are but have a
     * PARTITION BY clause we must move into one of the WINDOWAGG_PASSTHROUGH*
     * modes when the runCondition becomes false.
     */
    winstate->use_pass_through = !node->topWindow || node->partNumCols > 0;
 
    /* remember if we're the top-window or we are below the top-window */
    winstate->top_window = node->topWindow;
 
    /*
     * initialize child nodes
     */
    outerPlan = outerPlan(node);
    outerPlanState(winstate) = ExecInitNode(outerPlan, estate, eflags);
 
    /*
     * initialize source tuple type (which is also the tuple type that we'll
     * store in the tuplestore and use in all our working slots).
     */
    ExecCreateScanSlotFromOuterPlan(estate, &winstate->ss, &TTSOpsMinimalTuple);
    scanDesc = winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot->tts_tupleDescriptor;
 
    /* the outer tuple isn't the child's tuple, but always a minimal tuple */
    winstate->ss.ps.outeropsset = true;
    winstate->ss.ps.outerops = &TTSOpsMinimalTuple;
    winstate->ss.ps.outeropsfixed = true;
 
    /*
     * tuple table initialization
     */
    winstate->first_part_slot = ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(estate, scanDesc,
                                                       &TTSOpsMinimalTuple);
    winstate->agg_row_slot = ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(estate, scanDesc,
                                                    &TTSOpsMinimalTuple);
    winstate->temp_slot_1 = ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(estate, scanDesc,
                                                   &TTSOpsMinimalTuple);
    winstate->temp_slot_2 = ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(estate, scanDesc,
                                                   &TTSOpsMinimalTuple);
 
    /*
     * create frame head and tail slots only if needed (must create slots in
     * exactly the same cases that update_frameheadpos and update_frametailpos
     * need them)
     */
    winstate->framehead_slot = winstate->frametail_slot = NULL;
 
    if (frameOptions & (FRAMEOPTION_RANGE | FRAMEOPTION_GROUPS))
    {
        if (((frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_CURRENT_ROW) &&
             node->ordNumCols != 0) ||
            (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_OFFSET))
            winstate->framehead_slot = ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(estate, scanDesc,
                                                              &TTSOpsMinimalTuple);
        if (((frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_CURRENT_ROW) &&
             node->ordNumCols != 0) ||
            (frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_END_OFFSET))
            winstate->frametail_slot = ExecInitExtraTupleSlot(estate, scanDesc,
                                                              &TTSOpsMinimalTuple);
    }
 
    /*
     * Initialize result slot, type and projection.
     */
    ExecInitResultTupleSlotTL(&winstate->ss.ps, &TTSOpsVirtual);
    ExecAssignProjectionInfo(&winstate->ss.ps, NULL);
 
    /* Set up data for comparing tuples */
    if (node->partNumCols > 0)
        winstate->partEqfunction =
            execTuplesMatchPrepare(scanDesc,
                                   node->partNumCols,
                                   node->partColIdx,
                                   node->partOperators,
                                   node->partCollations,
                                   &winstate->ss.ps);
 
    if (node->ordNumCols > 0)
        winstate->ordEqfunction =
            execTuplesMatchPrepare(scanDesc,
                                   node->ordNumCols,
                                   node->ordColIdx,
                                   node->ordOperators,
                                   node->ordCollations,
                                   &winstate->ss.ps);
 
    /*
     * WindowAgg nodes use aggvalues and aggnulls as well as Agg nodes.
     */
    numfuncs = winstate->numfuncs;
    numaggs = winstate->numaggs;
    econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
    econtext->ecxt_aggvalues = palloc0_array(Datum, numfuncs);
    econtext->ecxt_aggnulls = palloc0_array(bool, numfuncs);
 
    /*
     * allocate per-wfunc/per-agg state information.
     */
    perfunc = palloc0_array(WindowStatePerFuncData, numfuncs);
    peragg = palloc0_array(WindowStatePerAggData, numaggs);
    winstate->perfunc = perfunc;
    winstate->peragg = peragg;
 
    wfuncno = -1;
    aggno = -1;
    foreach(l, winstate->funcs)
    {
        WindowFuncExprState *wfuncstate = (WindowFuncExprState *) lfirst(l);
        WindowFunc *wfunc = wfuncstate->wfunc;
        WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate;
        AclResult   aclresult;
        int         i;
 
        if (wfunc->winref != node->winref)  /* planner screwed up? */
            elog(ERROR, "WindowFunc with winref %u assigned to WindowAgg with winref %u",
                 wfunc->winref, node->winref);
 
        /*
         * Look for a previous duplicate window function, which needs the same
         * ignore_nulls value
         */
        for (i = 0; i <= wfuncno; i++)
        {
            if (equal(wfunc, perfunc[i].wfunc) &&
                !contain_volatile_functions((Node *) wfunc))
                break;
        }
        if (i <= wfuncno && wfunc->ignore_nulls == perfunc[i].ignore_nulls)
        {
            /* Found a match to an existing entry, so just mark it */
            wfuncstate->wfuncno = i;
            continue;
        }
 
        /* Nope, so assign a new PerAgg record */
        perfuncstate = &perfunc[++wfuncno];
 
        /* Mark WindowFunc state node with assigned index in the result array */
        wfuncstate->wfuncno = wfuncno;
 
        /* Check permission to call window function */
        aclresult = object_aclcheck(ProcedureRelationId, wfunc->winfnoid, GetUserId(),
                                    ACL_EXECUTE);
        if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
            aclcheck_error(aclresult, OBJECT_FUNCTION,
                           get_func_name(wfunc->winfnoid));
        InvokeFunctionExecuteHook(wfunc->winfnoid);
 
        /* Fill in the perfuncstate data */
        perfuncstate->wfuncstate = wfuncstate;
        perfuncstate->wfunc = wfunc;
        perfuncstate->numArguments = list_length(wfuncstate->args);
        perfuncstate->winCollation = wfunc->inputcollid;
 
        get_typlenbyval(wfunc->wintype,
                        &perfuncstate->resulttypeLen,
                        &perfuncstate->resulttypeByVal);
 
        /*
         * If it's really just a plain aggregate function, we'll emulate the
         * Agg environment for it.
         */
        perfuncstate->plain_agg = wfunc->winagg;
        if (wfunc->winagg)
        {
            WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate;
 
            perfuncstate->aggno = ++aggno;
            peraggstate = &winstate->peragg[aggno];
            initialize_peragg(winstate, wfunc, peraggstate);
            peraggstate->wfuncno = wfuncno;
        }
        else
        {
            WindowObject winobj = makeNode(WindowObjectData);
 
            winobj->winstate = winstate;
            winobj->argstates = wfuncstate->args;
            winobj->localmem = NULL;
            perfuncstate->winobj = winobj;
            winobj->ignore_nulls = wfunc->ignore_nulls;
            init_notnull_info(winobj, perfuncstate);
 
            /* It's a real window function, so set up to call it. */
            fmgr_info_cxt(wfunc->winfnoid, &perfuncstate->flinfo,
                          econtext->ecxt_per_query_memory);
            fmgr_info_set_expr((Node *) wfunc, &perfuncstate->flinfo);
        }
    }
 
    /* Update numfuncs, numaggs to match number of unique functions found */
    winstate->numfuncs = wfuncno + 1;
    winstate->numaggs = aggno + 1;
 
    /* Set up WindowObject for aggregates, if needed */
    if (winstate->numaggs > 0)
    {
        WindowObject agg_winobj = makeNode(WindowObjectData);
 
        agg_winobj->winstate = winstate;
        agg_winobj->argstates = NIL;
        agg_winobj->localmem = NULL;
        /* make sure markptr = -1 to invalidate. It may not get used */
        agg_winobj->markptr = -1;
        agg_winobj->readptr = -1;
        winstate->agg_winobj = agg_winobj;
    }
 
    /* Set the status to running */
    winstate->status = WINDOWAGG_RUN;
 
    /* initialize frame bound offset expressions */
    winstate->startOffset = ExecInitExpr((Expr *) node->startOffset,
                                         (PlanState *) winstate);
    winstate->endOffset = ExecInitExpr((Expr *) node->endOffset,
                                       (PlanState *) winstate);
 
    /* Lookup in_range support functions if needed */
    if (OidIsValid(node->startInRangeFunc))
        fmgr_info(node->startInRangeFunc, &winstate->startInRangeFunc);
    if (OidIsValid(node->endInRangeFunc))
        fmgr_info(node->endInRangeFunc, &winstate->endInRangeFunc);
    winstate->inRangeColl = node->inRangeColl;
    winstate->inRangeAsc = node->inRangeAsc;
    winstate->inRangeNullsFirst = node->inRangeNullsFirst;
 
    winstate->all_first = true;
    winstate->partition_spooled = false;
    winstate->more_partitions = false;
    winstate->next_partition = true;
 
    return winstate;
}
 
/* -----------------
 * ExecEndWindowAgg
 * -----------------
 */
void
ExecEndWindowAgg(WindowAggState *node)
{
    PlanState  *outerPlan;
    int         i;
 
    if (node->buffer != NULL)
    {
        tuplestore_end(node->buffer);
 
        /* nullify so that release_partition skips the tuplestore_clear() */
        node->buffer = NULL;
    }
 
    release_partition(node);
 
    for (i = 0; i < node->numaggs; i++)
    {
        if (node->peragg[i].aggcontext != node->aggcontext)
            MemoryContextDelete(node->peragg[i].aggcontext);
    }
    MemoryContextDelete(node->partcontext);
    MemoryContextDelete(node->aggcontext);
 
    pfree(node->perfunc);
    pfree(node->peragg);
 
    outerPlan = outerPlanState(node);
    ExecEndNode(outerPlan);
}
 
/* -----------------
 * ExecReScanWindowAgg
 * -----------------
 */
void
ExecReScanWindowAgg(WindowAggState *node)
{
    PlanState  *outerPlan = outerPlanState(node);
    ExprContext *econtext = node->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
 
    node->status = WINDOWAGG_RUN;
    node->all_first = true;
 
    /* release tuplestore et al */
    release_partition(node);
 
    /* release all temp tuples, but especially first_part_slot */
    ExecClearTuple(node->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot);
    ExecClearTuple(node->first_part_slot);
    ExecClearTuple(node->agg_row_slot);
    ExecClearTuple(node->temp_slot_1);
    ExecClearTuple(node->temp_slot_2);
    if (node->framehead_slot)
        ExecClearTuple(node->framehead_slot);
    if (node->frametail_slot)
        ExecClearTuple(node->frametail_slot);
 
    /* Forget current wfunc values */
    MemSet(econtext->ecxt_aggvalues, 0, sizeof(Datum) * node->numfuncs);
    MemSet(econtext->ecxt_aggnulls, 0, sizeof(bool) * node->numfuncs);
 
    /*
     * if chgParam of subnode is not null then plan will be re-scanned by
     * first ExecProcNode.
     */
    if (outerPlan->chgParam == NULL)
        ExecReScan(outerPlan);
}
 
/*
 * initialize_peragg
 *
 * Almost same as in nodeAgg.c, except we don't support DISTINCT currently.
 */
static WindowStatePerAggData *
initialize_peragg(WindowAggState *winstate, WindowFunc *wfunc,
                  WindowStatePerAgg peraggstate)
{
    Oid         inputTypes[FUNC_MAX_ARGS];
    int         numArguments;
    HeapTuple   aggTuple;
    Form_pg_aggregate aggform;
    Oid         aggtranstype;
    AttrNumber  initvalAttNo;
    AclResult   aclresult;
    bool        use_ma_code;
    Oid         transfn_oid,
                invtransfn_oid,
                finalfn_oid;
    bool        finalextra;
    char        finalmodify;
    Expr       *transfnexpr,
               *invtransfnexpr,
               *finalfnexpr;
    Datum       textInitVal;
    int         i;
    ListCell   *lc;
 
    numArguments = list_length(wfunc->args);
 
    i = 0;
    foreach(lc, wfunc->args)
    {
        inputTypes[i++] = exprType((Node *) lfirst(lc));
    }
 
    aggTuple = SearchSysCache1(AGGFNOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(wfunc->winfnoid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(aggTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for aggregate %u",
             wfunc->winfnoid);
    aggform = (Form_pg_aggregate) GETSTRUCT(aggTuple);
 
    /*
     * Figure out whether we want to use the moving-aggregate implementation,
     * and collect the right set of fields from the pg_aggregate entry.
     *
     * It's possible that an aggregate would supply a safe moving-aggregate
     * implementation and an unsafe normal one, in which case our hand is
     * forced.  Otherwise, if the frame head can't move, we don't need
     * moving-aggregate code.  Even if we'd like to use it, don't do so if the
     * aggregate's arguments (and FILTER clause if any) contain any calls to
     * volatile functions.  Otherwise, the difference between restarting and
     * not restarting the aggregation would be user-visible.
     *
     * We also don't risk using moving aggregates when there are subplans in
     * the arguments or FILTER clause.  This is partly because
     * contain_volatile_functions() doesn't look inside subplans; but there
     * are other reasons why a subplan's output might be volatile.  For
     * example, syncscan mode can render the results nonrepeatable.
     */
    if (!OidIsValid(aggform->aggminvtransfn))
        use_ma_code = false;    /* sine qua non */
    else if (aggform->aggmfinalmodify == AGGMODIFY_READ_ONLY &&
             aggform->aggfinalmodify != AGGMODIFY_READ_ONLY)
        use_ma_code = true;     /* decision forced by safety */
    else if (winstate->frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_START_UNBOUNDED_PRECEDING)
        use_ma_code = false;    /* non-moving frame head */
    else if (contain_volatile_functions((Node *) wfunc))
        use_ma_code = false;    /* avoid possible behavioral change */
    else if (contain_subplans((Node *) wfunc))
        use_ma_code = false;    /* subplans might contain volatile functions */
    else
        use_ma_code = true;     /* yes, let's use it */
    if (use_ma_code)
    {
        peraggstate->transfn_oid = transfn_oid = aggform->aggmtransfn;
        peraggstate->invtransfn_oid = invtransfn_oid = aggform->aggminvtransfn;
        peraggstate->finalfn_oid = finalfn_oid = aggform->aggmfinalfn;
        finalextra = aggform->aggmfinalextra;
        finalmodify = aggform->aggmfinalmodify;
        aggtranstype = aggform->aggmtranstype;
        initvalAttNo = Anum_pg_aggregate_aggminitval;
    }
    else
    {
        peraggstate->transfn_oid = transfn_oid = aggform->aggtransfn;
        peraggstate->invtransfn_oid = invtransfn_oid = InvalidOid;
        peraggstate->finalfn_oid = finalfn_oid = aggform->aggfinalfn;
        finalextra = aggform->aggfinalextra;
        finalmodify = aggform->aggfinalmodify;
        aggtranstype = aggform->aggtranstype;
        initvalAttNo = Anum_pg_aggregate_agginitval;
    }
 
    /*
     * ExecInitWindowAgg already checked permission to call aggregate function
     * ... but we still need to check the component functions
     */
 
    /* Check that aggregate owner has permission to call component fns */
    {
        HeapTuple   procTuple;
        Oid         aggOwner;
 
        procTuple = SearchSysCache1(PROCOID,
                                    ObjectIdGetDatum(wfunc->winfnoid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(procTuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for function %u",
                 wfunc->winfnoid);
        aggOwner = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(procTuple))->proowner;
        ReleaseSysCache(procTuple);
 
        aclresult = object_aclcheck(ProcedureRelationId, transfn_oid, aggOwner,
                                    ACL_EXECUTE);
        if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
            aclcheck_error(aclresult, OBJECT_FUNCTION,
                           get_func_name(transfn_oid));
        InvokeFunctionExecuteHook(transfn_oid);
 
        if (OidIsValid(invtransfn_oid))
        {
            aclresult = object_aclcheck(ProcedureRelationId, invtransfn_oid, aggOwner,
                                        ACL_EXECUTE);
            if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
                aclcheck_error(aclresult, OBJECT_FUNCTION,
                               get_func_name(invtransfn_oid));
            InvokeFunctionExecuteHook(invtransfn_oid);
        }
 
        if (OidIsValid(finalfn_oid))
        {
            aclresult = object_aclcheck(ProcedureRelationId, finalfn_oid, aggOwner,
                                        ACL_EXECUTE);
            if (aclresult != ACLCHECK_OK)
                aclcheck_error(aclresult, OBJECT_FUNCTION,
                               get_func_name(finalfn_oid));
            InvokeFunctionExecuteHook(finalfn_oid);
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * If the selected finalfn isn't read-only, we can't run this aggregate as
     * a window function.  This is a user-facing error, so we take a bit more
     * care with the error message than elsewhere in this function.
     */
    if (finalmodify != AGGMODIFY_READ_ONLY)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("aggregate function %s does not support use as a window function",
                        format_procedure(wfunc->winfnoid))));
 
    /* Detect how many arguments to pass to the finalfn */
    if (finalextra)
        peraggstate->numFinalArgs = numArguments + 1;
    else
        peraggstate->numFinalArgs = 1;
 
    /* resolve actual type of transition state, if polymorphic */
    aggtranstype = resolve_aggregate_transtype(wfunc->winfnoid,
                                               aggtranstype,
                                               inputTypes,
                                               numArguments);
 
    /* build expression trees using actual argument & result types */
    build_aggregate_transfn_expr(inputTypes,
                                 numArguments,
                                 0, /* no ordered-set window functions yet */
                                 false, /* no variadic window functions yet */
                                 aggtranstype,
                                 wfunc->inputcollid,
                                 transfn_oid,
                                 invtransfn_oid,
                                 &transfnexpr,
                                 &invtransfnexpr);
 
    /* set up infrastructure for calling the transfn(s) and finalfn */
    fmgr_info(transfn_oid, &peraggstate->transfn);
    fmgr_info_set_expr((Node *) transfnexpr, &peraggstate->transfn);
 
    if (OidIsValid(invtransfn_oid))
    {
        fmgr_info(invtransfn_oid, &peraggstate->invtransfn);
        fmgr_info_set_expr((Node *) invtransfnexpr, &peraggstate->invtransfn);
    }
 
    if (OidIsValid(finalfn_oid))
    {
        build_aggregate_finalfn_expr(inputTypes,
                                     peraggstate->numFinalArgs,
                                     aggtranstype,
                                     wfunc->wintype,
                                     wfunc->inputcollid,
                                     finalfn_oid,
                                     &finalfnexpr);
        fmgr_info(finalfn_oid, &peraggstate->finalfn);
        fmgr_info_set_expr((Node *) finalfnexpr, &peraggstate->finalfn);
    }
 
    /* get info about relevant datatypes */
    get_typlenbyval(wfunc->wintype,
                    &peraggstate->resulttypeLen,
                    &peraggstate->resulttypeByVal);
    get_typlenbyval(aggtranstype,
                    &peraggstate->transtypeLen,
                    &peraggstate->transtypeByVal);
 
    /*
     * initval is potentially null, so don't try to access it as a struct
     * field. Must do it the hard way with SysCacheGetAttr.
     */
    textInitVal = SysCacheGetAttr(AGGFNOID, aggTuple, initvalAttNo,
                                  &peraggstate->initValueIsNull);
 
    if (peraggstate->initValueIsNull)
        peraggstate->initValue = (Datum) 0;
    else
        peraggstate->initValue = GetAggInitVal(textInitVal,
                                               aggtranstype);
 
    /*
     * If the transfn is strict and the initval is NULL, make sure input type
     * and transtype are the same (or at least binary-compatible), so that
     * it's OK to use the first input value as the initial transValue.  This
     * should have been checked at agg definition time, but we must check
     * again in case the transfn's strictness property has been changed.
     */
    if (peraggstate->transfn.fn_strict && peraggstate->initValueIsNull)
    {
        if (numArguments < 1 ||
            !IsBinaryCoercible(inputTypes[0], aggtranstype))
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FUNCTION_DEFINITION),
                     errmsg("aggregate %u needs to have compatible input type and transition type",
                            wfunc->winfnoid)));
    }
 
    /*
     * Insist that forward and inverse transition functions have the same
     * strictness setting.  Allowing them to differ would require handling
     * more special cases in advance_windowaggregate and
     * advance_windowaggregate_base, for no discernible benefit.  This should
     * have been checked at agg definition time, but we must check again in
     * case either function's strictness property has been changed.
     */
    if (OidIsValid(invtransfn_oid) &&
        peraggstate->transfn.fn_strict != peraggstate->invtransfn.fn_strict)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_FUNCTION_DEFINITION),
                 errmsg("strictness of aggregate's forward and inverse transition functions must match")));
 
    /*
     * Moving aggregates use their own aggcontext.
     *
     * This is necessary because they might restart at different times, so we
     * might never be able to reset the shared context otherwise.  We can't
     * make it the aggregates' responsibility to clean up after themselves,
     * because strict aggregates must be restarted whenever we remove their
     * last non-NULL input, which the aggregate won't be aware is happening.
     * Also, just pfree()ing the transValue upon restarting wouldn't help,
     * since we'd miss any indirectly referenced data.  We could, in theory,
     * make the memory allocation rules for moving aggregates different than
     * they have historically been for plain aggregates, but that seems grotty
     * and likely to lead to memory leaks.
     */
    if (OidIsValid(invtransfn_oid))
        peraggstate->aggcontext =
            AllocSetContextCreate(CurrentMemoryContext,
                                  "WindowAgg Per Aggregate",
                                  ALLOCSET_DEFAULT_SIZES);
    else
        peraggstate->aggcontext = winstate->aggcontext;
 
    ReleaseSysCache(aggTuple);
 
    return peraggstate;
}
 
static Datum
GetAggInitVal(Datum textInitVal, Oid transtype)
{
    Oid         typinput,
                typioparam;
    char       *strInitVal;
    Datum       initVal;
 
    getTypeInputInfo(transtype, &typinput, &typioparam);
    strInitVal = TextDatumGetCString(textInitVal);
    initVal = OidInputFunctionCall(typinput, strInitVal,
                                   typioparam, -1);
    pfree(strInitVal);
    return initVal;
}
 
/*
 * are_peers
 * compare two rows to see if they are equal according to the ORDER BY clause
 *
 * NB: this does not consider the window frame mode.
 */
static bool
are_peers(WindowAggState *winstate, TupleTableSlot *slot1,
          TupleTableSlot *slot2)
{
    WindowAgg  *node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
    ExprContext *econtext = winstate->tmpcontext;
 
    /* If no ORDER BY, all rows are peers with each other */
    if (node->ordNumCols == 0)
        return true;
 
    econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot1;
    econtext->ecxt_innertuple = slot2;
    return ExecQualAndReset(winstate->ordEqfunction, econtext);
}
 
/*
 * window_gettupleslot
 *  Fetch the pos'th tuple of the current partition into the slot,
 *  using the winobj's read pointer
 *
 * Returns true if successful, false if no such row
 */
static bool
window_gettupleslot(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos, TupleTableSlot *slot)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate = winobj->winstate;
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    /* often called repeatedly in a row */
    CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS();
 
    /* Don't allow passing -1 to spool_tuples here */
    if (pos < 0)
        return false;
 
    /* If necessary, fetch the tuple into the spool */
    spool_tuples(winstate, pos);
 
    if (pos >= winstate->spooled_rows)
        return false;
 
    if (pos < winobj->markpos)
        elog(ERROR, "cannot fetch row before WindowObject's mark position");
 
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_query_memory);
 
    tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, winobj->readptr);
 
    /*
     * Advance or rewind until we are within one tuple of the one we want.
     */
    if (winobj->seekpos < pos - 1)
    {
        if (!tuplestore_skiptuples(winstate->buffer,
                                   pos - 1 - winobj->seekpos,
                                   true))
            elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
        winobj->seekpos = pos - 1;
    }
    else if (winobj->seekpos > pos + 1)
    {
        if (!tuplestore_skiptuples(winstate->buffer,
                                   winobj->seekpos - (pos + 1),
                                   false))
            elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
        winobj->seekpos = pos + 1;
    }
    else if (winobj->seekpos == pos)
    {
        /*
         * There's no API to refetch the tuple at the current position.  We
         * have to move one tuple forward, and then one backward.  (We don't
         * do it the other way because we might try to fetch the row before
         * our mark, which isn't allowed.)  XXX this case could stand to be
         * optimized.
         */
        tuplestore_advance(winstate->buffer, true);
        winobj->seekpos++;
    }
 
    /*
     * Now we should be on the tuple immediately before or after the one we
     * want, so just fetch forwards or backwards as appropriate.
     *
     * Notice that we tell tuplestore_gettupleslot to make a physical copy of
     * the fetched tuple.  This ensures that the slot's contents remain valid
     * through manipulations of the tuplestore, which some callers depend on.
     */
    if (winobj->seekpos > pos)
    {
        if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, false, true, slot))
            elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
        winobj->seekpos--;
    }
    else
    {
        if (!tuplestore_gettupleslot(winstate->buffer, true, true, slot))
            elog(ERROR, "unexpected end of tuplestore");
        winobj->seekpos++;
    }
 
    Assert(winobj->seekpos == pos);
 
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
 
    return true;
}
 
/* gettuple_eval_partition
 * get tuple in a partition and evaluate the window function's argument
 * expression on it.
 */
static Datum
gettuple_eval_partition(WindowObject winobj, int argno,
                        int64 abs_pos, bool *isnull, bool *isout)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
    ExprContext *econtext;
    TupleTableSlot *slot;
 
    winstate = winobj->winstate;
    slot = winstate->temp_slot_1;
    if (!window_gettupleslot(winobj, abs_pos, slot))
    {
        /* out of partition */
        if (isout)
            *isout = true;
        *isnull = true;
        return (Datum) 0;
    }
 
    if (isout)
        *isout = false;
    econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
    econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot;
    return ExecEvalExpr((ExprState *) list_nth
                        (winobj->argstates, argno),
                        econtext, isnull);
}
 
/*
 * ignorenulls_getfuncarginframe
 * For IGNORE NULLS, get the next nonnull value in the frame, moving forward
 * or backward until we find a value or reach the frame's end.
 */
static Datum
ignorenulls_getfuncarginframe(WindowObject winobj, int argno,
                              int relpos, int seektype, bool set_mark,
                              bool *isnull, bool *isout)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
    ExprContext *econtext;
    TupleTableSlot *slot;
    Datum       datum;
    int64       abs_pos;
    int64       mark_pos;
    int         notnull_offset;
    int         notnull_relpos;
    int         forward;
 
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    winstate = winobj->winstate;
    econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
    slot = winstate->temp_slot_1;
    datum = (Datum) 0;
    notnull_offset = 0;
    notnull_relpos = abs(relpos);
 
    switch (seektype)
    {
        case WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT:
            elog(ERROR, "WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT is not supported for WinGetFuncArgInFrame");
            abs_pos = mark_pos = 0; /* keep compiler quiet */
            break;
        case WINDOW_SEEK_HEAD:
            /* rejecting relpos < 0 is easy and simplifies code below */
            if (relpos < 0)
                goto out_of_frame;
            update_frameheadpos(winstate);
            abs_pos = winstate->frameheadpos;
            mark_pos = winstate->frameheadpos;
            forward = 1;
            break;
        case WINDOW_SEEK_TAIL:
            /* rejecting relpos > 0 is easy and simplifies code below */
            if (relpos > 0)
                goto out_of_frame;
            update_frametailpos(winstate);
            abs_pos = winstate->frametailpos - 1;
            mark_pos = 0;       /* keep compiler quiet */
            forward = -1;
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized window seek type: %d", seektype);
            abs_pos = mark_pos = 0; /* keep compiler quiet */
            break;
    }
 
    /*
     * Get the next nonnull value in the frame, moving forward or backward
     * until we find a value or reach the frame's end.
     */
    do
    {
        int         inframe;
        int         v;
 
        /*
         * Check apparent out of frame case.  We need to do this because we
         * may not call window_gettupleslot before row_is_in_frame, which
         * supposes abs_pos is never negative.
         */
        if (abs_pos < 0)
            goto out_of_frame;
 
        /* check whether row is in frame */
        inframe = row_is_in_frame(winobj, abs_pos, slot, true);
        if (inframe == -1)
            goto out_of_frame;
        else if (inframe == 0)
            goto advance;
 
        if (isout)
            *isout = false;
 
        v = get_notnull_info(winobj, abs_pos, argno);
        if (v == NN_NULL)       /* this row is known to be NULL */
            goto advance;
 
        else if (v == NN_UNKNOWN)   /* need to check NULL or not */
        {
            if (!window_gettupleslot(winobj, abs_pos, slot))
                goto out_of_frame;
 
            econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot;
            datum = ExecEvalExpr(
                                 (ExprState *) list_nth(winobj->argstates,
                                                        argno), econtext,
                                 isnull);
            if (!*isnull)
                notnull_offset++;
 
            /* record the row status */
            put_notnull_info(winobj, abs_pos, argno, *isnull);
        }
        else                    /* this row is known to be NOT NULL */
        {
            notnull_offset++;
            if (notnull_offset > notnull_relpos)
            {
                /* to prepare exiting this loop, datum needs to be set */
                if (!window_gettupleslot(winobj, abs_pos, slot))
                    goto out_of_frame;
 
                econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot;
                datum = ExecEvalExpr(
                                     (ExprState *) list_nth
                                     (winobj->argstates, argno),
                                     econtext, isnull);
            }
        }
advance:
        abs_pos += forward;
    } while (notnull_offset <= notnull_relpos);
 
    if (set_mark)
        WinSetMarkPosition(winobj, mark_pos);
 
    return datum;
 
out_of_frame:
    if (isout)
        *isout = true;
    *isnull = true;
    return (Datum) 0;
}
 
 
/*
 * init_notnull_info
 * Initialize non null map.
 */
static void
init_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj, WindowStatePerFunc perfuncstate)
{
    int         numargs = perfuncstate->numArguments;
 
    if (winobj->ignore_nulls == PARSER_IGNORE_NULLS)
    {
        winobj->notnull_info = palloc0_array(uint8 *, numargs);
        winobj->num_notnull_info = palloc0_array(int64, numargs);
    }
}
 
/*
 * grow_notnull_info
 * expand notnull_info if necessary.
 * pos: not null info position
 * argno: argument number
*/
static void
grow_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos, int argno)
{
/* initial number of notnull info members */
#define INIT_NOT_NULL_INFO_NUM  128
 
    if (pos >= winobj->num_notnull_info[argno])
    {
        /* We may be called in a short-lived context */
        MemoryContext oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo
            (winobj->winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext->ecxt_per_query_memory);
 
        for (;;)
        {
            Size        oldsize = NN_POS_TO_BYTES
                (winobj->num_notnull_info[argno]);
            Size        newsize;
 
            if (oldsize == 0)   /* memory has not been allocated yet for this
                                 * arg */
            {
                newsize = NN_POS_TO_BYTES(INIT_NOT_NULL_INFO_NUM);
                winobj->notnull_info[argno] = palloc0(newsize);
            }
            else
            {
                newsize = oldsize * 2;
                winobj->notnull_info[argno] =
                    repalloc0(winobj->notnull_info[argno], oldsize, newsize);
            }
            winobj->num_notnull_info[argno] = NN_BYTES_TO_POS(newsize);
            if (winobj->num_notnull_info[argno] > pos)
                break;
        }
        MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
    }
}
 
/*
 * get_notnull_info
 * retrieve a map
 * pos: map position
 * argno: argument number
 */
static uint8
get_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos, int argno)
{
    uint8      *mbp;
    uint8       mb;
    int64       bpos;
 
    grow_notnull_info(winobj, pos, argno);
    bpos = NN_POS_TO_BYTES(pos);
    mbp = winobj->notnull_info[argno];
    mb = mbp[bpos];
    return (mb >> (NN_SHIFT(pos))) & NN_MASK;
}
 
/*
 * put_notnull_info
 * update map
 * pos: map position
 * argno: argument number
 * isnull: indicate NULL or NOT
 */
static void
put_notnull_info(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos, int argno, bool isnull)
{
    uint8      *mbp;
    uint8       mb;
    int64       bpos;
    uint8       val = isnull ? NN_NULL : NN_NOTNULL;
    int         shift;
 
    grow_notnull_info(winobj, pos, argno);
    bpos = NN_POS_TO_BYTES(pos);
    mbp = winobj->notnull_info[argno];
    mb = mbp[bpos];
    shift = NN_SHIFT(pos);
    mb &= ~(NN_MASK << shift);  /* clear map */
    mb |= (val << shift);       /* update map */
    mbp[bpos] = mb;
}
 
/***********************************************************************
 * API exposed to window functions
 ***********************************************************************/
 
 
/*
 * WinCheckAndInitializeNullTreatment
 *      Check null treatment clause and sets ignore_nulls
 *
 * Window functions should call this to check if they are being called with
 * a null treatment clause when they don't allow it, or to set ignore_nulls.
 */
void
WinCheckAndInitializeNullTreatment(WindowObject winobj,
                                   bool allowNullTreatment,
                                   FunctionCallInfo fcinfo)
{
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    if (winobj->ignore_nulls != NO_NULLTREATMENT && !allowNullTreatment)
    {
        const char *funcname = get_func_name(fcinfo->flinfo->fn_oid);
 
        if (!funcname)
            elog(ERROR, "could not get function name");
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("function %s does not allow RESPECT/IGNORE NULLS",
                        funcname)));
    }
    else if (winobj->ignore_nulls == PARSER_IGNORE_NULLS)
        winobj->ignore_nulls = IGNORE_NULLS;
}
 
/*
 * WinGetPartitionLocalMemory
 *      Get working memory that lives till end of partition processing
 *
 * On first call within a given partition, this allocates and zeroes the
 * requested amount of space.  Subsequent calls just return the same chunk.
 *
 * Memory obtained this way is normally used to hold state that should be
 * automatically reset for each new partition.  If a window function wants
 * to hold state across the whole query, fcinfo->fn_extra can be used in the
 * usual way for that.
 */
void *
WinGetPartitionLocalMemory(WindowObject winobj, Size sz)
{
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    if (winobj->localmem == NULL)
        winobj->localmem =
            MemoryContextAllocZero(winobj->winstate->partcontext, sz);
    return winobj->localmem;
}
 
/*
 * WinGetCurrentPosition
 *      Return the current row's position (counting from 0) within the current
 *      partition.
 */
int64
WinGetCurrentPosition(WindowObject winobj)
{
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    return winobj->winstate->currentpos;
}
 
/*
 * WinGetPartitionRowCount
 *      Return total number of rows contained in the current partition.
 *
 * Note: this is a relatively expensive operation because it forces the
 * whole partition to be "spooled" into the tuplestore at once.  Once
 * executed, however, additional calls within the same partition are cheap.
 */
int64
WinGetPartitionRowCount(WindowObject winobj)
{
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    spool_tuples(winobj->winstate, -1);
    return winobj->winstate->spooled_rows;
}
 
/*
 * WinSetMarkPosition
 *      Set the "mark" position for the window object, which is the oldest row
 *      number (counting from 0) it is allowed to fetch during all subsequent
 *      operations within the current partition.
 *
 * Window functions do not have to call this, but are encouraged to move the
 * mark forward when possible to keep the tuplestore size down and prevent
 * having to spill rows to disk.
 */
void
WinSetMarkPosition(WindowObject winobj, int64 markpos)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
 
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    winstate = winobj->winstate;
 
    if (markpos < winobj->markpos)
        elog(ERROR, "cannot move WindowObject's mark position backward");
    tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, winobj->markptr);
    if (markpos > winobj->markpos)
    {
        tuplestore_skiptuples(winstate->buffer,
                              markpos - winobj->markpos,
                              true);
        winobj->markpos = markpos;
    }
    tuplestore_select_read_pointer(winstate->buffer, winobj->readptr);
    if (markpos > winobj->seekpos)
    {
        tuplestore_skiptuples(winstate->buffer,
                              markpos - winobj->seekpos,
                              true);
        winobj->seekpos = markpos;
    }
}
 
/*
 * WinRowsArePeers
 *      Compare two rows (specified by absolute position in partition) to see
 *      if they are equal according to the ORDER BY clause.
 *
 * NB: this does not consider the window frame mode.
 */
bool
WinRowsArePeers(WindowObject winobj, int64 pos1, int64 pos2)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
    WindowAgg  *node;
    TupleTableSlot *slot1;
    TupleTableSlot *slot2;
    bool        res;
 
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    winstate = winobj->winstate;
    node = (WindowAgg *) winstate->ss.ps.plan;
 
    /* If no ORDER BY, all rows are peers; don't bother to fetch them */
    if (node->ordNumCols == 0)
        return true;
 
    /*
     * Note: OK to use temp_slot_2 here because we aren't calling any
     * frame-related functions (those tend to clobber temp_slot_2).
     */
    slot1 = winstate->temp_slot_1;
    slot2 = winstate->temp_slot_2;
 
    if (!window_gettupleslot(winobj, pos1, slot1))
        elog(ERROR, "specified position is out of window: " INT64_FORMAT,
             pos1);
    if (!window_gettupleslot(winobj, pos2, slot2))
        elog(ERROR, "specified position is out of window: " INT64_FORMAT,
             pos2);
 
    res = are_peers(winstate, slot1, slot2);
 
    ExecClearTuple(slot1);
    ExecClearTuple(slot2);
 
    return res;
}
 
/*
 * WinGetFuncArgInPartition
 *      Evaluate a window function's argument expression on a specified
 *      row of the partition.  The row is identified in lseek(2) style,
 *      i.e. relative to the current, first, or last row.
 *
 * argno: argument number to evaluate (counted from 0)
 * relpos: signed rowcount offset from the seek position
 * seektype: WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT, WINDOW_SEEK_HEAD, or WINDOW_SEEK_TAIL
 * set_mark: If the row is found and set_mark is true, the mark is moved to
 *      the row as a side-effect.
 * isnull: output argument, receives isnull status of result
 * isout: output argument, set to indicate whether target row position
 *      is out of partition (can pass NULL if caller doesn't care about this)
 *
 * Specifying a nonexistent row is not an error, it just causes a null result
 * (plus setting *isout true, if isout isn't NULL).
 */
Datum
WinGetFuncArgInPartition(WindowObject winobj, int argno,
                         int relpos, int seektype, bool set_mark,
                         bool *isnull, bool *isout)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
    int64       abs_pos;
    int64       mark_pos;
    Datum       datum;
    bool        null_treatment;
    int         notnull_offset;
    int         notnull_relpos;
    int         forward;
    bool        myisout;
 
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    winstate = winobj->winstate;
 
    null_treatment = (winobj->ignore_nulls == IGNORE_NULLS && relpos != 0);
 
    switch (seektype)
    {
        case WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT:
            if (null_treatment)
                abs_pos = winstate->currentpos;
            else
                abs_pos = winstate->currentpos + relpos;
            break;
        case WINDOW_SEEK_HEAD:
            if (null_treatment)
                abs_pos = 0;
            else
                abs_pos = relpos;
            break;
        case WINDOW_SEEK_TAIL:
            spool_tuples(winstate, -1);
            abs_pos = winstate->spooled_rows - 1 + relpos;
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized window seek type: %d", seektype);
            abs_pos = 0;        /* keep compiler quiet */
            break;
    }
 
    /* Easy case if IGNORE NULLS is not specified */
    if (!null_treatment)
    {
        /* get tuple and evaluate in partition */
        datum = gettuple_eval_partition(winobj, argno,
                                        abs_pos, isnull, &myisout);
        if (!myisout && set_mark)
            WinSetMarkPosition(winobj, abs_pos);
        if (isout)
            *isout = myisout;
        return datum;
    }
 
    /* Prepare for loop */
    notnull_offset = 0;
    notnull_relpos = abs(relpos);
    forward = relpos > 0 ? 1 : -1;
    myisout = false;
    datum = 0;
 
    /*
     * IGNORE NULLS + WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT + relpos > 0 case, we would fetch
     * beyond the current row + relpos to find out the target row. If we mark
     * at abs_pos, next call to WinGetFuncArgInPartition or
     * WinGetFuncArgInFrame (in case when a window function have multiple
     * args) could fail with "cannot fetch row before WindowObject's mark
     * position". So keep the mark position at currentpos.
     */
    if (seektype == WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT && relpos > 0)
        mark_pos = winstate->currentpos;
    else
    {
        /*
         * For other cases we have no idea what position of row callers would
         * fetch next time. Also for relpos < 0 case (we go backward), we
         * cannot set mark either. For those cases we always set mark at 0.
         */
        mark_pos = 0;
    }
 
    /*
     * Get the next nonnull value in the partition, moving forward or backward
     * until we find a value or reach the partition's end.  We cache the
     * nullness status because we may repeat this process many times.
     */
    do
    {
        int         nn_info;    /* NOT NULL status */
 
        abs_pos += forward;
        if (abs_pos < 0)        /* clearly out of partition */
            break;
 
        /* check NOT NULL cached info */
        nn_info = get_notnull_info(winobj, abs_pos, argno);
        if (nn_info == NN_NOTNULL)  /* this row is known to be NOT NULL */
            notnull_offset++;
        else if (nn_info == NN_NULL)    /* this row is known to be NULL */
            continue;           /* keep on moving forward or backward */
        else                    /* need to check NULL or not */
        {
            /*
             * NOT NULL info does not exist yet.  Get tuple and evaluate func
             * arg in partition. We ignore the return value from
             * gettuple_eval_partition because we are just interested in
             * whether we are inside or outside of partition, NULL or NOT
             * NULL.
             */
            (void) gettuple_eval_partition(winobj, argno,
                                           abs_pos, isnull, &myisout);
            if (myisout)        /* out of partition? */
                break;
            if (!*isnull)
                notnull_offset++;
            /* record the row status */
            put_notnull_info(winobj, abs_pos, argno, *isnull);
        }
    } while (notnull_offset < notnull_relpos);
 
    /* get tuple and evaluate func arg in partition */
    datum = gettuple_eval_partition(winobj, argno,
                                    abs_pos, isnull, &myisout);
    if (!myisout && set_mark)
        WinSetMarkPosition(winobj, mark_pos);
    if (isout)
        *isout = myisout;
 
    return datum;
}
 
/*
 * WinGetFuncArgInFrame
 *      Evaluate a window function's argument expression on a specified
 *      row of the window frame.  The row is identified in lseek(2) style,
 *      i.e. relative to the first or last row of the frame.  (We do not
 *      support WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT here, because it's not very clear what
 *      that should mean if the current row isn't part of the frame.)
 *
 * argno: argument number to evaluate (counted from 0)
 * relpos: signed rowcount offset from the seek position
 * seektype: WINDOW_SEEK_HEAD or WINDOW_SEEK_TAIL
 * set_mark: If the row is found/in frame and set_mark is true, the mark is
 *      moved to the row as a side-effect.
 * isnull: output argument, receives isnull status of result
 * isout: output argument, set to indicate whether target row position
 *      is out of frame (can pass NULL if caller doesn't care about this)
 *
 * Specifying a nonexistent or not-in-frame row is not an error, it just
 * causes a null result (plus setting *isout true, if isout isn't NULL).
 *
 * Note that some exclusion-clause options lead to situations where the
 * rows that are in-frame are not consecutive in the partition.  But we
 * count only in-frame rows when measuring relpos.
 *
 * The set_mark flag is interpreted as meaning that the caller will specify
 * a constant (or, perhaps, monotonically increasing) relpos in successive
 * calls, so that *if there is no exclusion clause* there will be no need
 * to fetch a row before the previously fetched row.  But we do not expect
 * the caller to know how to account for exclusion clauses.  Therefore,
 * if there is an exclusion clause we take responsibility for adjusting the
 * mark request to something that will be safe given the above assumption
 * about relpos.
 */
Datum
WinGetFuncArgInFrame(WindowObject winobj, int argno,
                     int relpos, int seektype, bool set_mark,
                     bool *isnull, bool *isout)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
    ExprContext *econtext;
    TupleTableSlot *slot;
    int64       abs_pos;
    int64       mark_pos;
 
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    winstate = winobj->winstate;
    econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
    slot = winstate->temp_slot_1;
 
    if (winobj->ignore_nulls == IGNORE_NULLS)
        return ignorenulls_getfuncarginframe(winobj, argno, relpos, seektype,
                                             set_mark, isnull, isout);
 
    switch (seektype)
    {
        case WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT:
            elog(ERROR, "WINDOW_SEEK_CURRENT is not supported for WinGetFuncArgInFrame");
            abs_pos = mark_pos = 0; /* keep compiler quiet */
            break;
        case WINDOW_SEEK_HEAD:
            /* rejecting relpos < 0 is easy and simplifies code below */
            if (relpos < 0)
                goto out_of_frame;
            update_frameheadpos(winstate);
            abs_pos = winstate->frameheadpos + relpos;
            mark_pos = abs_pos;
 
            /*
             * Account for exclusion option if one is active, but advance only
             * abs_pos not mark_pos.  This prevents changes of the current
             * row's peer group from resulting in trying to fetch a row before
             * some previous mark position.
             *
             * Note that in some corner cases such as current row being
             * outside frame, these calculations are theoretically too simple,
             * but it doesn't matter because we'll end up deciding the row is
             * out of frame.  We do not attempt to avoid fetching rows past
             * end of frame; that would happen in some cases anyway.
             */
            switch (winstate->frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUSION)
            {
                case 0:
                    /* no adjustment needed */
                    break;
                case FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_CURRENT_ROW:
                    if (abs_pos >= winstate->currentpos &&
                        winstate->currentpos >= winstate->frameheadpos)
                        abs_pos++;
                    break;
                case FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_GROUP:
                    update_grouptailpos(winstate);
                    if (abs_pos >= winstate->groupheadpos &&
                        winstate->grouptailpos > winstate->frameheadpos)
                    {
                        int64       overlapstart = Max(winstate->groupheadpos,
                                                       winstate->frameheadpos);
 
                        abs_pos += winstate->grouptailpos - overlapstart;
                    }
                    break;
                case FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_TIES:
                    update_grouptailpos(winstate);
                    if (abs_pos >= winstate->groupheadpos &&
                        winstate->grouptailpos > winstate->frameheadpos)
                    {
                        int64       overlapstart = Max(winstate->groupheadpos,
                                                       winstate->frameheadpos);
 
                        if (abs_pos == overlapstart)
                            abs_pos = winstate->currentpos;
                        else
                            abs_pos += winstate->grouptailpos - overlapstart - 1;
                    }
                    break;
                default:
                    elog(ERROR, "unrecognized frame option state: 0x%x",
                         winstate->frameOptions);
                    break;
            }
            break;
        case WINDOW_SEEK_TAIL:
            /* rejecting relpos > 0 is easy and simplifies code below */
            if (relpos > 0)
                goto out_of_frame;
            update_frametailpos(winstate);
            abs_pos = winstate->frametailpos - 1 + relpos;
 
            /*
             * Account for exclusion option if one is active.  If there is no
             * exclusion, we can safely set the mark at the accessed row.  But
             * if there is, we can only mark the frame start, because we can't
             * be sure how far back in the frame the exclusion might cause us
             * to fetch in future.  Furthermore, we have to actually check
             * against frameheadpos here, since it's unsafe to try to fetch a
             * row before frame start if the mark might be there already.
             */
            switch (winstate->frameOptions & FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUSION)
            {
                case 0:
                    /* no adjustment needed */
                    mark_pos = abs_pos;
                    break;
                case FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_CURRENT_ROW:
                    if (abs_pos <= winstate->currentpos &&
                        winstate->currentpos < winstate->frametailpos)
                        abs_pos--;
                    update_frameheadpos(winstate);
                    if (abs_pos < winstate->frameheadpos)
                        goto out_of_frame;
                    mark_pos = winstate->frameheadpos;
                    break;
                case FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_GROUP:
                    update_grouptailpos(winstate);
                    if (abs_pos < winstate->grouptailpos &&
                        winstate->groupheadpos < winstate->frametailpos)
                    {
                        int64       overlapend = Min(winstate->grouptailpos,
                                                     winstate->frametailpos);
 
                        abs_pos -= overlapend - winstate->groupheadpos;
                    }
                    update_frameheadpos(winstate);
                    if (abs_pos < winstate->frameheadpos)
                        goto out_of_frame;
                    mark_pos = winstate->frameheadpos;
                    break;
                case FRAMEOPTION_EXCLUDE_TIES:
                    update_grouptailpos(winstate);
                    if (abs_pos < winstate->grouptailpos &&
                        winstate->groupheadpos < winstate->frametailpos)
                    {
                        int64       overlapend = Min(winstate->grouptailpos,
                                                     winstate->frametailpos);
 
                        if (abs_pos == overlapend - 1)
                            abs_pos = winstate->currentpos;
                        else
                            abs_pos -= overlapend - 1 - winstate->groupheadpos;
                    }
                    update_frameheadpos(winstate);
                    if (abs_pos < winstate->frameheadpos)
                        goto out_of_frame;
                    mark_pos = winstate->frameheadpos;
                    break;
                default:
                    elog(ERROR, "unrecognized frame option state: 0x%x",
                         winstate->frameOptions);
                    mark_pos = 0;   /* keep compiler quiet */
                    break;
            }
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized window seek type: %d", seektype);
            abs_pos = mark_pos = 0; /* keep compiler quiet */
            break;
    }
 
    if (!window_gettupleslot(winobj, abs_pos, slot))
        goto out_of_frame;
 
    /* The code above does not detect all out-of-frame cases, so check */
    if (row_is_in_frame(winobj, abs_pos, slot, false) <= 0)
        goto out_of_frame;
 
    if (isout)
        *isout = false;
    if (set_mark)
        WinSetMarkPosition(winobj, mark_pos);
    econtext->ecxt_outertuple = slot;
    return ExecEvalExpr((ExprState *) list_nth(winobj->argstates, argno),
                        econtext, isnull);
 
out_of_frame:
    if (isout)
        *isout = true;
    *isnull = true;
    return (Datum) 0;
}
 
/*
 * WinGetFuncArgCurrent
 *      Evaluate a window function's argument expression on the current row.
 *
 * argno: argument number to evaluate (counted from 0)
 * isnull: output argument, receives isnull status of result
 *
 * Note: this isn't quite equivalent to WinGetFuncArgInPartition or
 * WinGetFuncArgInFrame targeting the current row, because it will succeed
 * even if the WindowObject's mark has been set beyond the current row.
 * This should generally be used for "ordinary" arguments of a window
 * function, such as the offset argument of lead() or lag().
 */
Datum
WinGetFuncArgCurrent(WindowObject winobj, int argno, bool *isnull)
{
    WindowAggState *winstate;
    ExprContext *econtext;
 
    Assert(WindowObjectIsValid(winobj));
    winstate = winobj->winstate;
 
    econtext = winstate->ss.ps.ps_ExprContext;
 
    econtext->ecxt_outertuple = winstate->ss.ss_ScanTupleSlot;
    return ExecEvalExpr((ExprState *) list_nth(winobj->argstates, argno),
                        econtext, isnull);
}