aclchk.c

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/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * aclchk.c
 *    Routines to check access control permissions.
 *
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2025, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
 *
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *    src/backend/catalog/aclchk.c
 *
 * NOTES
 *    See acl.h.
 *
 *    The xxx_aclmask() functions in this file are wrappers around
 *    acl.c's aclmask() function; see that for basic usage information.
 *    The wrapper functions add object-type-specific lookup capability.
 *    Generally, they will throw error if the object doesn't exist.
 *
 *    The xxx_aclmask_ext() functions add the ability to not throw
 *    error if the object doesn't exist.  If their "is_missing" argument
 *    isn't NULL, then when the object isn't found they will set
 *    *is_missing = true and return zero (no privileges) instead of
 *    throwing an error.  Caller must initialize *is_missing = false.
 *
 *    The xxx_aclcheck() functions are simplified wrappers around the
 *    corresponding xxx_aclmask() functions, simply returning ACLCHECK_OK
 *    if any of the privileges specified in "mode" are held, and otherwise
 *    a suitable error code (in practice, always ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV).
 *    Again, they will throw error if the object doesn't exist.
 *
 *    The xxx_aclcheck_ext() functions add the ability to not throw
 *    error if the object doesn't exist.  Their "is_missing" argument
 *    works similarly to the xxx_aclmask_ext() functions.
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"
 
#include "access/genam.h"
#include "access/heapam.h"
#include "access/htup_details.h"
#include "access/sysattr.h"
#include "access/tableam.h"
#include "access/xact.h"
#include "catalog/binary_upgrade.h"
#include "catalog/catalog.h"
#include "catalog/dependency.h"
#include "catalog/indexing.h"
#include "catalog/objectaccess.h"
#include "catalog/pg_authid.h"
#include "catalog/pg_class.h"
#include "catalog/pg_database.h"
#include "catalog/pg_default_acl.h"
#include "catalog/pg_foreign_data_wrapper.h"
#include "catalog/pg_foreign_server.h"
#include "catalog/pg_init_privs.h"
#include "catalog/pg_language.h"
#include "catalog/pg_largeobject.h"
#include "catalog/pg_largeobject_metadata.h"
#include "catalog/pg_namespace.h"
#include "catalog/pg_parameter_acl.h"
#include "catalog/pg_proc.h"
#include "catalog/pg_tablespace.h"
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
#include "commands/defrem.h"
#include "commands/event_trigger.h"
#include "commands/extension.h"
#include "commands/proclang.h"
#include "commands/tablespace.h"
#include "foreign/foreign.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "nodes/makefuncs.h"
#include "parser/parse_func.h"
#include "parser/parse_type.h"
#include "storage/lmgr.h"
#include "utils/acl.h"
#include "utils/aclchk_internal.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/fmgroids.h"
#include "utils/guc.h"
#include "utils/lsyscache.h"
#include "utils/rel.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"
 
/*
 * Internal format used by ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES.
 */
typedef struct
{
    Oid         roleid;         /* owning role */
    Oid         nspid;          /* namespace, or InvalidOid if none */
    /* remaining fields are same as in InternalGrant: */
    bool        is_grant;
    ObjectType  objtype;
    bool        all_privs;
    AclMode     privileges;
    List       *grantees;
    bool        grant_option;
    DropBehavior behavior;
} InternalDefaultACL;
 
/*
 * When performing a binary-upgrade, pg_dump will call a function to set
 * this variable to let us know that we need to populate the pg_init_privs
 * table for the GRANT/REVOKE commands while this variable is set to true.
 */
bool        binary_upgrade_record_init_privs = false;
 
static void ExecGrantStmt_oids(InternalGrant *istmt);
static void ExecGrant_Relation(InternalGrant *istmt);
static void ExecGrant_common(InternalGrant *istmt, Oid classid, AclMode default_privs,
                             void (*object_check) (InternalGrant *istmt, HeapTuple tuple));
static void ExecGrant_Language_check(InternalGrant *istmt, HeapTuple tuple);
static void ExecGrant_Largeobject(InternalGrant *istmt);
static void ExecGrant_Type_check(InternalGrant *istmt, HeapTuple tuple);
static void ExecGrant_Parameter(InternalGrant *istmt);
 
static void SetDefaultACLsInSchemas(InternalDefaultACL *iacls, List *nspnames);
static void SetDefaultACL(InternalDefaultACL *iacls);
 
static List *objectNamesToOids(ObjectType objtype, List *objnames,
                               bool is_grant);
static List *objectsInSchemaToOids(ObjectType objtype, List *nspnames);
static List *getRelationsInNamespace(Oid namespaceId, char relkind);
static void expand_col_privileges(List *colnames, Oid table_oid,
                                  AclMode this_privileges,
                                  AclMode *col_privileges,
                                  int num_col_privileges);
static void expand_all_col_privileges(Oid table_oid, Form_pg_class classForm,
                                      AclMode this_privileges,
                                      AclMode *col_privileges,
                                      int num_col_privileges);
static AclMode string_to_privilege(const char *privname);
static const char *privilege_to_string(AclMode privilege);
static AclMode restrict_and_check_grant(bool is_grant, AclMode avail_goptions,
                                        bool all_privs, AclMode privileges,
                                        Oid objectId, Oid grantorId,
                                        ObjectType objtype, const char *objname,
                                        AttrNumber att_number, const char *colname);
static AclMode pg_aclmask(ObjectType objtype, Oid object_oid, AttrNumber attnum,
                          Oid roleid, AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how);
static AclMode object_aclmask(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid,
                              AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how);
static AclMode object_aclmask_ext(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid,
                                  AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                                  bool *is_missing);
static AclMode pg_attribute_aclmask(Oid table_oid, AttrNumber attnum,
                                    Oid roleid, AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how);
static AclMode pg_attribute_aclmask_ext(Oid table_oid, AttrNumber attnum,
                                        Oid roleid, AclMode mask,
                                        AclMaskHow how, bool *is_missing);
static AclMode pg_class_aclmask_ext(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid,
                                    AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                                    bool *is_missing);
static AclMode pg_parameter_acl_aclmask(Oid acl_oid, Oid roleid,
                                        AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how);
static AclMode pg_largeobject_aclmask_snapshot(Oid lobj_oid, Oid roleid,
                                               AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how, Snapshot snapshot);
static AclMode pg_namespace_aclmask_ext(Oid nsp_oid, Oid roleid,
                                        AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                                        bool *is_missing);
static AclMode pg_type_aclmask_ext(Oid type_oid, Oid roleid,
                                   AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                                   bool *is_missing);
static void recordExtensionInitPriv(Oid objoid, Oid classoid, int objsubid,
                                    Acl *new_acl);
static void recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(Oid objoid, Oid classoid, int objsubid,
                                          Acl *new_acl);
 
 
/*
 * If is_grant is true, adds the given privileges for the list of
 * grantees to the existing old_acl.  If is_grant is false, the
 * privileges for the given grantees are removed from old_acl.
 *
 * NB: the original old_acl is pfree'd.
 */
static Acl *
merge_acl_with_grant(Acl *old_acl, bool is_grant,
                     bool grant_option, DropBehavior behavior,
                     List *grantees, AclMode privileges,
                     Oid grantorId, Oid ownerId)
{
    unsigned    modechg;
    ListCell   *j;
    Acl        *new_acl;
 
    modechg = is_grant ? ACL_MODECHG_ADD : ACL_MODECHG_DEL;
 
    new_acl = old_acl;
 
    foreach(j, grantees)
    {
        AclItem     aclitem;
        Acl        *newer_acl;
 
        aclitem.ai_grantee = lfirst_oid(j);
 
        /*
         * Grant options can only be granted to individual roles, not PUBLIC.
         * The reason is that if a user would re-grant a privilege that he
         * held through PUBLIC, and later the user is removed, the situation
         * is impossible to clean up.
         */
        if (is_grant && grant_option && aclitem.ai_grantee == ACL_ID_PUBLIC)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                     errmsg("grant options can only be granted to roles")));
 
        aclitem.ai_grantor = grantorId;
 
        /*
         * The asymmetry in the conditions here comes from the spec.  In
         * GRANT, the grant_option flag signals WITH GRANT OPTION, which means
         * to grant both the basic privilege and its grant option. But in
         * REVOKE, plain revoke revokes both the basic privilege and its grant
         * option, while REVOKE GRANT OPTION revokes only the option.
         */
        ACLITEM_SET_PRIVS_GOPTIONS(aclitem,
                                   (is_grant || !grant_option) ? privileges : ACL_NO_RIGHTS,
                                   (!is_grant || grant_option) ? privileges : ACL_NO_RIGHTS);
 
        newer_acl = aclupdate(new_acl, &aclitem, modechg, ownerId, behavior);
 
        /* avoid memory leak when there are many grantees */
        pfree(new_acl);
        new_acl = newer_acl;
    }
 
    return new_acl;
}
 
/*
 * Restrict the privileges to what we can actually grant, and emit
 * the standards-mandated warning and error messages.
 */
static AclMode
restrict_and_check_grant(bool is_grant, AclMode avail_goptions, bool all_privs,
                         AclMode privileges, Oid objectId, Oid grantorId,
                         ObjectType objtype, const char *objname,
                         AttrNumber att_number, const char *colname)
{
    AclMode     this_privileges;
    AclMode     whole_mask;
 
    switch (objtype)
    {
        case OBJECT_COLUMN:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_COLUMN;
            break;
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_RELATION;
            break;
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE;
            break;
        case OBJECT_DATABASE:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_DATABASE;
            break;
        case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            break;
        case OBJECT_LANGUAGE:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LANGUAGE;
            break;
        case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LARGEOBJECT;
            break;
        case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SCHEMA;
            break;
        case OBJECT_TABLESPACE:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TABLESPACE;
            break;
        case OBJECT_FDW:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FDW;
            break;
        case OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FOREIGN_SERVER;
            break;
        case OBJECT_EVENT_TRIGGER:
            elog(ERROR, "grantable rights not supported for event triggers");
            /* not reached, but keep compiler quiet */
            return ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TYPE;
            break;
        case OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL:
            whole_mask = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_PARAMETER_ACL;
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized object type: %d", objtype);
            /* not reached, but keep compiler quiet */
            return ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
    }
 
    /*
     * If we found no grant options, consider whether to issue a hard error.
     * Per spec, having any privilege at all on the object will get you by
     * here.
     */
    if (avail_goptions == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
    {
        if (pg_aclmask(objtype, objectId, att_number, grantorId,
                       whole_mask | ACL_GRANT_OPTION_FOR(whole_mask),
                       ACLMASK_ANY) == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
        {
            if (objtype == OBJECT_COLUMN && colname)
                aclcheck_error_col(ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV, objtype, objname, colname);
            else
                aclcheck_error(ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV, objtype, objname);
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * Restrict the operation to what we can actually grant or revoke, and
     * issue a warning if appropriate.  (For REVOKE this isn't quite what the
     * spec says to do: the spec seems to want a warning only if no privilege
     * bits actually change in the ACL. In practice that behavior seems much
     * too noisy, as well as inconsistent with the GRANT case.)
     */
    this_privileges = privileges & ACL_OPTION_TO_PRIVS(avail_goptions);
    if (is_grant)
    {
        if (this_privileges == 0)
        {
            if (objtype == OBJECT_COLUMN && colname)
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_GRANTED),
                         errmsg("no privileges were granted for column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\"",
                                colname, objname)));
            else
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_GRANTED),
                         errmsg("no privileges were granted for \"%s\"",
                                objname)));
        }
        else if (!all_privs && this_privileges != privileges)
        {
            if (objtype == OBJECT_COLUMN && colname)
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_GRANTED),
                         errmsg("not all privileges were granted for column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\"",
                                colname, objname)));
            else
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_GRANTED),
                         errmsg("not all privileges were granted for \"%s\"",
                                objname)));
        }
    }
    else
    {
        if (this_privileges == 0)
        {
            if (objtype == OBJECT_COLUMN && colname)
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_REVOKED),
                         errmsg("no privileges could be revoked for column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\"",
                                colname, objname)));
            else
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_REVOKED),
                         errmsg("no privileges could be revoked for \"%s\"",
                                objname)));
        }
        else if (!all_privs && this_privileges != privileges)
        {
            if (objtype == OBJECT_COLUMN && colname)
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_REVOKED),
                         errmsg("not all privileges could be revoked for column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\"",
                                colname, objname)));
            else
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_WARNING_PRIVILEGE_NOT_REVOKED),
                         errmsg("not all privileges could be revoked for \"%s\"",
                                objname)));
        }
    }
 
    return this_privileges;
}
 
/*
 * Called to execute the utility commands GRANT and REVOKE
 */
void
ExecuteGrantStmt(GrantStmt *stmt)
{
    InternalGrant istmt;
    ListCell   *cell;
    const char *errormsg;
    AclMode     all_privileges;
 
    if (stmt->grantor)
    {
        Oid         grantor;
 
        grantor = get_rolespec_oid(stmt->grantor, false);
 
        /*
         * Currently, this clause is only for SQL compatibility, not very
         * interesting otherwise.
         */
        if (grantor != GetUserId())
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                     errmsg("grantor must be current user")));
    }
 
    /*
     * Turn the regular GrantStmt into the InternalGrant form.
     */
    istmt.is_grant = stmt->is_grant;
    istmt.objtype = stmt->objtype;
 
    /* Collect the OIDs of the target objects */
    switch (stmt->targtype)
    {
        case ACL_TARGET_OBJECT:
            istmt.objects = objectNamesToOids(stmt->objtype, stmt->objects,
                                              stmt->is_grant);
            break;
        case ACL_TARGET_ALL_IN_SCHEMA:
            istmt.objects = objectsInSchemaToOids(stmt->objtype, stmt->objects);
            break;
            /* ACL_TARGET_DEFAULTS should not be seen here */
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized GrantStmt.targtype: %d",
                 (int) stmt->targtype);
    }
 
    /* all_privs to be filled below */
    /* privileges to be filled below */
    istmt.col_privs = NIL;      /* may get filled below */
    istmt.grantees = NIL;       /* filled below */
    istmt.grant_option = stmt->grant_option;
    istmt.behavior = stmt->behavior;
 
    /*
     * Convert the RoleSpec list into an Oid list.  Note that at this point we
     * insert an ACL_ID_PUBLIC into the list if appropriate, so downstream
     * there shouldn't be any additional work needed to support this case.
     */
    foreach(cell, stmt->grantees)
    {
        RoleSpec   *grantee = (RoleSpec *) lfirst(cell);
        Oid         grantee_uid;
 
        switch (grantee->roletype)
        {
            case ROLESPEC_PUBLIC:
                grantee_uid = ACL_ID_PUBLIC;
                break;
            default:
                grantee_uid = get_rolespec_oid(grantee, false);
                break;
        }
        istmt.grantees = lappend_oid(istmt.grantees, grantee_uid);
    }
 
    /*
     * Convert stmt->privileges, a list of AccessPriv nodes, into an AclMode
     * bitmask.  Note: objtype can't be OBJECT_COLUMN.
     */
    switch (stmt->objtype)
    {
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
 
            /*
             * Because this might be a sequence, we test both relation and
             * sequence bits, and later do a more limited test when we know
             * the object type.
             */
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_RELATION | ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for relation");
            break;
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for sequence");
            break;
        case OBJECT_DATABASE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_DATABASE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for database");
            break;
        case OBJECT_DOMAIN:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TYPE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for domain");
            break;
        case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for function");
            break;
        case OBJECT_LANGUAGE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LANGUAGE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for language");
            break;
        case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LARGEOBJECT;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for large object");
            break;
        case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SCHEMA;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for schema");
            break;
        case OBJECT_PROCEDURE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for procedure");
            break;
        case OBJECT_ROUTINE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for routine");
            break;
        case OBJECT_TABLESPACE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TABLESPACE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for tablespace");
            break;
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TYPE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for type");
            break;
        case OBJECT_FDW:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FDW;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for foreign-data wrapper");
            break;
        case OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FOREIGN_SERVER;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for foreign server");
            break;
        case OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_PARAMETER_ACL;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for parameter");
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized GrantStmt.objtype: %d",
                 (int) stmt->objtype);
            /* keep compiler quiet */
            all_privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
            errormsg = NULL;
    }
 
    if (stmt->privileges == NIL)
    {
        istmt.all_privs = true;
 
        /*
         * will be turned into ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_* by the internal routines
         * depending on the object type
         */
        istmt.privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
    }
    else
    {
        istmt.all_privs = false;
        istmt.privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
 
        foreach(cell, stmt->privileges)
        {
            AccessPriv *privnode = (AccessPriv *) lfirst(cell);
            AclMode     priv;
 
            /*
             * If it's a column-level specification, we just set it aside in
             * col_privs for the moment; but insist it's for a relation.
             */
            if (privnode->cols)
            {
                if (stmt->objtype != OBJECT_TABLE)
                    ereport(ERROR,
                            (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                             errmsg("column privileges are only valid for relations")));
                istmt.col_privs = lappend(istmt.col_privs, privnode);
                continue;
            }
 
            if (privnode->priv_name == NULL)    /* parser mistake? */
                elog(ERROR, "AccessPriv node must specify privilege or columns");
            priv = string_to_privilege(privnode->priv_name);
 
            if (priv & ~all_privileges)
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                         errmsg(errormsg, privilege_to_string(priv))));
 
            istmt.privileges |= priv;
        }
    }
 
    ExecGrantStmt_oids(&istmt);
}
 
/*
 * ExecGrantStmt_oids
 *
 * Internal entry point for granting and revoking privileges.
 */
static void
ExecGrantStmt_oids(InternalGrant *istmt)
{
    switch (istmt->objtype)
    {
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
            ExecGrant_Relation(istmt);
            break;
        case OBJECT_DATABASE:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, DatabaseRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_DATABASE, NULL);
            break;
        case OBJECT_DOMAIN:
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, TypeRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TYPE, ExecGrant_Type_check);
            break;
        case OBJECT_FDW:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, ForeignDataWrapperRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FDW, NULL);
            break;
        case OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, ForeignServerRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FOREIGN_SERVER, NULL);
            break;
        case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
        case OBJECT_PROCEDURE:
        case OBJECT_ROUTINE:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, ProcedureRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION, NULL);
            break;
        case OBJECT_LANGUAGE:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, LanguageRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LANGUAGE, ExecGrant_Language_check);
            break;
        case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
            ExecGrant_Largeobject(istmt);
            break;
        case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, NamespaceRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SCHEMA, NULL);
            break;
        case OBJECT_TABLESPACE:
            ExecGrant_common(istmt, TableSpaceRelationId, ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TABLESPACE, NULL);
            break;
        case OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL:
            ExecGrant_Parameter(istmt);
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized GrantStmt.objtype: %d",
                 (int) istmt->objtype);
    }
 
    /*
     * Pass the info to event triggers about the just-executed GRANT.  Note
     * that we prefer to do it after actually executing it, because that gives
     * the functions a chance to adjust the istmt with privileges actually
     * granted.
     */
    if (EventTriggerSupportsObjectType(istmt->objtype))
        EventTriggerCollectGrant(istmt);
}
 
/*
 * objectNamesToOids
 *
 * Turn a list of object names of a given type into an Oid list.
 *
 * XXX This function intentionally takes only an AccessShareLock.  In the face
 * of concurrent DDL, we might easily latch onto an old version of an object,
 * causing the GRANT or REVOKE statement to fail.  But it does prevent the
 * object from disappearing altogether.  To do better, we would need to use a
 * self-exclusive lock, perhaps ShareUpdateExclusiveLock, here and before
 * *every* CatalogTupleUpdate() of a row that GRANT/REVOKE can affect.
 * Besides that additional work, this could have operational costs.  For
 * example, it would make GRANT ALL TABLES IN SCHEMA terminate every
 * autovacuum running in the schema and consume a shared lock table entry per
 * table in the schema.  The user-visible benefit of that additional work is
 * just changing "ERROR: tuple concurrently updated" to blocking.  That's not
 * nothing, but it might not outweigh autovacuum termination and lock table
 * consumption spikes.
 */
static List *
objectNamesToOids(ObjectType objtype, List *objnames, bool is_grant)
{
    List       *objects = NIL;
    ListCell   *cell;
    const LOCKMODE lockmode = AccessShareLock;
 
    Assert(objnames != NIL);
 
    switch (objtype)
    {
        default:
 
            /*
             * For most object types, we use get_object_address() directly.
             */
            foreach(cell, objnames)
            {
                ObjectAddress address;
 
                address = get_object_address(objtype, lfirst(cell), NULL, lockmode, false);
                objects = lappend_oid(objects, address.objectId);
            }
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
 
            /*
             * Here, we don't use get_object_address().  It requires that the
             * specified object type match the actual type of the object, but
             * in GRANT/REVOKE, all table-like things are addressed as TABLE.
             */
            foreach(cell, objnames)
            {
                RangeVar   *relvar = (RangeVar *) lfirst(cell);
                Oid         relOid;
 
                relOid = RangeVarGetRelid(relvar, lockmode, false);
                objects = lappend_oid(objects, relOid);
            }
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_DOMAIN:
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
 
            /*
             * The parse representation of types and domains in privilege
             * targets is different from that expected by get_object_address()
             * (for parse conflict reasons), so we have to do a bit of
             * conversion here.
             */
            foreach(cell, objnames)
            {
                List       *typname = (List *) lfirst(cell);
                TypeName   *tn = makeTypeNameFromNameList(typname);
                ObjectAddress address;
                Relation    relation;
 
                address = get_object_address(objtype, (Node *) tn, &relation, lockmode, false);
                Assert(relation == NULL);
                objects = lappend_oid(objects, address.objectId);
            }
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL:
 
            /*
             * Parameters are handled completely differently.
             */
            foreach(cell, objnames)
            {
                /*
                 * In this code we represent a GUC by the OID of its entry in
                 * pg_parameter_acl, which we have to manufacture here if it
                 * doesn't exist yet.  (That's a hack for sure, but it avoids
                 * messing with all the GRANT/REVOKE infrastructure that
                 * expects to use OIDs for object identities.)  However, if
                 * this is a REVOKE, we can instead just ignore any GUCs that
                 * don't have such an entry, as they must not have any
                 * privileges needing removal.
                 */
                char       *parameter = strVal(lfirst(cell));
                Oid         parameterId = ParameterAclLookup(parameter, true);
 
                if (!OidIsValid(parameterId) && is_grant)
                {
                    parameterId = ParameterAclCreate(parameter);
 
                    /*
                     * Prevent error when processing duplicate objects, and
                     * make this new entry visible so that ExecGrant_Parameter
                     * can update it.
                     */
                    CommandCounterIncrement();
                }
                if (OidIsValid(parameterId))
                    objects = lappend_oid(objects, parameterId);
            }
            break;
    }
 
    return objects;
}
 
/*
 * objectsInSchemaToOids
 *
 * Find all objects of a given type in specified schemas, and make a list
 * of their Oids.  We check USAGE privilege on the schemas, but there is
 * no privilege checking on the individual objects here.
 */
static List *
objectsInSchemaToOids(ObjectType objtype, List *nspnames)
{
    List       *objects = NIL;
    ListCell   *cell;
 
    foreach(cell, nspnames)
    {
        char       *nspname = strVal(lfirst(cell));
        Oid         namespaceId;
        List       *objs;
 
        namespaceId = LookupExplicitNamespace(nspname, false);
 
        switch (objtype)
        {
            case OBJECT_TABLE:
                objs = getRelationsInNamespace(namespaceId, RELKIND_RELATION);
                objects = list_concat(objects, objs);
                objs = getRelationsInNamespace(namespaceId, RELKIND_VIEW);
                objects = list_concat(objects, objs);
                objs = getRelationsInNamespace(namespaceId, RELKIND_MATVIEW);
                objects = list_concat(objects, objs);
                objs = getRelationsInNamespace(namespaceId, RELKIND_FOREIGN_TABLE);
                objects = list_concat(objects, objs);
                objs = getRelationsInNamespace(namespaceId, RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE);
                objects = list_concat(objects, objs);
                break;
            case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
                objs = getRelationsInNamespace(namespaceId, RELKIND_SEQUENCE);
                objects = list_concat(objects, objs);
                break;
            case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
            case OBJECT_PROCEDURE:
            case OBJECT_ROUTINE:
                {
                    ScanKeyData key[2];
                    int         keycount;
                    Relation    rel;
                    TableScanDesc scan;
                    HeapTuple   tuple;
 
                    keycount = 0;
                    ScanKeyInit(&key[keycount++],
                                Anum_pg_proc_pronamespace,
                                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                                ObjectIdGetDatum(namespaceId));
 
                    if (objtype == OBJECT_FUNCTION)
                        /* includes aggregates and window functions */
                        ScanKeyInit(&key[keycount++],
                                    Anum_pg_proc_prokind,
                                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_CHARNE,
                                    CharGetDatum(PROKIND_PROCEDURE));
                    else if (objtype == OBJECT_PROCEDURE)
                        ScanKeyInit(&key[keycount++],
                                    Anum_pg_proc_prokind,
                                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_CHAREQ,
                                    CharGetDatum(PROKIND_PROCEDURE));
 
                    rel = table_open(ProcedureRelationId, AccessShareLock);
                    scan = table_beginscan_catalog(rel, keycount, key);
 
                    while ((tuple = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
                    {
                        Oid         oid = ((Form_pg_proc) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->oid;
 
                        objects = lappend_oid(objects, oid);
                    }
 
                    table_endscan(scan);
                    table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
                }
                break;
            default:
                /* should not happen */
                elog(ERROR, "unrecognized GrantStmt.objtype: %d",
                     (int) objtype);
        }
    }
 
    return objects;
}
 
/*
 * getRelationsInNamespace
 *
 * Return Oid list of relations in given namespace filtered by relation kind
 */
static List *
getRelationsInNamespace(Oid namespaceId, char relkind)
{
    List       *relations = NIL;
    ScanKeyData key[2];
    Relation    rel;
    TableScanDesc scan;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
 
    ScanKeyInit(&key[0],
                Anum_pg_class_relnamespace,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(namespaceId));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[1],
                Anum_pg_class_relkind,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_CHAREQ,
                CharGetDatum(relkind));
 
    rel = table_open(RelationRelationId, AccessShareLock);
    scan = table_beginscan_catalog(rel, 2, key);
 
    while ((tuple = heap_getnext(scan, ForwardScanDirection)) != NULL)
    {
        Oid         oid = ((Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->oid;
 
        relations = lappend_oid(relations, oid);
    }
 
    table_endscan(scan);
    table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
 
    return relations;
}
 
 
/*
 * ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES statement
 */
void
ExecAlterDefaultPrivilegesStmt(ParseState *pstate, AlterDefaultPrivilegesStmt *stmt)
{
    GrantStmt  *action = stmt->action;
    InternalDefaultACL iacls;
    ListCell   *cell;
    List       *rolespecs = NIL;
    List       *nspnames = NIL;
    DefElem    *drolespecs = NULL;
    DefElem    *dnspnames = NULL;
    AclMode     all_privileges;
    const char *errormsg;
 
    /* Deconstruct the "options" part of the statement */
    foreach(cell, stmt->options)
    {
        DefElem    *defel = (DefElem *) lfirst(cell);
 
        if (strcmp(defel->defname, "schemas") == 0)
        {
            if (dnspnames)
                errorConflictingDefElem(defel, pstate);
            dnspnames = defel;
        }
        else if (strcmp(defel->defname, "roles") == 0)
        {
            if (drolespecs)
                errorConflictingDefElem(defel, pstate);
            drolespecs = defel;
        }
        else
            elog(ERROR, "option \"%s\" not recognized", defel->defname);
    }
 
    if (dnspnames)
        nspnames = (List *) dnspnames->arg;
    if (drolespecs)
        rolespecs = (List *) drolespecs->arg;
 
    /* Prepare the InternalDefaultACL representation of the statement */
    /* roleid to be filled below */
    /* nspid to be filled in SetDefaultACLsInSchemas */
    iacls.is_grant = action->is_grant;
    iacls.objtype = action->objtype;
    /* all_privs to be filled below */
    /* privileges to be filled below */
    iacls.grantees = NIL;       /* filled below */
    iacls.grant_option = action->grant_option;
    iacls.behavior = action->behavior;
 
    /*
     * Convert the RoleSpec list into an Oid list.  Note that at this point we
     * insert an ACL_ID_PUBLIC into the list if appropriate, so downstream
     * there shouldn't be any additional work needed to support this case.
     */
    foreach(cell, action->grantees)
    {
        RoleSpec   *grantee = (RoleSpec *) lfirst(cell);
        Oid         grantee_uid;
 
        switch (grantee->roletype)
        {
            case ROLESPEC_PUBLIC:
                grantee_uid = ACL_ID_PUBLIC;
                break;
            default:
                grantee_uid = get_rolespec_oid(grantee, false);
                break;
        }
        iacls.grantees = lappend_oid(iacls.grantees, grantee_uid);
    }
 
    /*
     * Convert action->privileges, a list of privilege strings, into an
     * AclMode bitmask.
     */
    switch (action->objtype)
    {
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_RELATION;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for relation");
            break;
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for sequence");
            break;
        case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for function");
            break;
        case OBJECT_PROCEDURE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for procedure");
            break;
        case OBJECT_ROUTINE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for routine");
            break;
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TYPE;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for type");
            break;
        case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SCHEMA;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for schema");
            break;
        case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
            all_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LARGEOBJECT;
            errormsg = gettext_noop("invalid privilege type %s for large object");
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized GrantStmt.objtype: %d",
                 (int) action->objtype);
            /* keep compiler quiet */
            all_privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
            errormsg = NULL;
    }
 
    if (action->privileges == NIL)
    {
        iacls.all_privs = true;
 
        /*
         * will be turned into ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_* by the internal routines
         * depending on the object type
         */
        iacls.privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
    }
    else
    {
        iacls.all_privs = false;
        iacls.privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
 
        foreach(cell, action->privileges)
        {
            AccessPriv *privnode = (AccessPriv *) lfirst(cell);
            AclMode     priv;
 
            if (privnode->cols)
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                         errmsg("default privileges cannot be set for columns")));
 
            if (privnode->priv_name == NULL)    /* parser mistake? */
                elog(ERROR, "AccessPriv node must specify privilege");
            priv = string_to_privilege(privnode->priv_name);
 
            if (priv & ~all_privileges)
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                         errmsg(errormsg, privilege_to_string(priv))));
 
            iacls.privileges |= priv;
        }
    }
 
    if (rolespecs == NIL)
    {
        /* Set permissions for myself */
        iacls.roleid = GetUserId();
 
        SetDefaultACLsInSchemas(&iacls, nspnames);
    }
    else
    {
        /* Look up the role OIDs and do permissions checks */
        ListCell   *rolecell;
 
        foreach(rolecell, rolespecs)
        {
            RoleSpec   *rolespec = lfirst(rolecell);
 
            iacls.roleid = get_rolespec_oid(rolespec, false);
 
            if (!has_privs_of_role(GetUserId(), iacls.roleid))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
                         errmsg("permission denied to change default privileges")));
 
            SetDefaultACLsInSchemas(&iacls, nspnames);
        }
    }
}
 
/*
 * Process ALTER DEFAULT PRIVILEGES for a list of target schemas
 *
 * All fields of *iacls except nspid were filled already
 */
static void
SetDefaultACLsInSchemas(InternalDefaultACL *iacls, List *nspnames)
{
    if (nspnames == NIL)
    {
        /* Set database-wide permissions if no schema was specified */
        iacls->nspid = InvalidOid;
 
        SetDefaultACL(iacls);
    }
    else
    {
        /* Look up the schema OIDs and set permissions for each one */
        ListCell   *nspcell;
 
        foreach(nspcell, nspnames)
        {
            char       *nspname = strVal(lfirst(nspcell));
 
            iacls->nspid = get_namespace_oid(nspname, false);
 
            /*
             * We used to insist that the target role have CREATE privileges
             * on the schema, since without that it wouldn't be able to create
             * an object for which these default privileges would apply.
             * However, this check proved to be more confusing than helpful,
             * and it also caused certain database states to not be
             * dumpable/restorable, since revoking CREATE doesn't cause
             * default privileges for the schema to go away.  So now, we just
             * allow the ALTER; if the user lacks CREATE he'll find out when
             * he tries to create an object.
             */
 
            SetDefaultACL(iacls);
        }
    }
}
 
 
/*
 * Create or update a pg_default_acl entry
 */
static void
SetDefaultACL(InternalDefaultACL *iacls)
{
    AclMode     this_privileges = iacls->privileges;
    char        objtype;
    Relation    rel;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    bool        isNew;
    Acl        *def_acl;
    Acl        *old_acl;
    Acl        *new_acl;
    HeapTuple   newtuple;
    int         noldmembers;
    int         nnewmembers;
    Oid        *oldmembers;
    Oid        *newmembers;
 
    rel = table_open(DefaultAclRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * The default for a global entry is the hard-wired default ACL for the
     * particular object type.  The default for non-global entries is an empty
     * ACL.  This must be so because global entries replace the hard-wired
     * defaults, while others are added on.
     */
    if (!OidIsValid(iacls->nspid))
        def_acl = acldefault(iacls->objtype, iacls->roleid);
    else
        def_acl = make_empty_acl();
 
    /*
     * Convert ACL object type to pg_default_acl object type and handle
     * all_privs option
     */
    switch (iacls->objtype)
    {
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
            objtype = DEFACLOBJ_RELATION;
            if (iacls->all_privs && this_privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_RELATION;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
            objtype = DEFACLOBJ_SEQUENCE;
            if (iacls->all_privs && this_privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
            objtype = DEFACLOBJ_FUNCTION;
            if (iacls->all_privs && this_privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_FUNCTION;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
            objtype = DEFACLOBJ_TYPE;
            if (iacls->all_privs && this_privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_TYPE;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
            if (OidIsValid(iacls->nspid))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                         errmsg("cannot use IN SCHEMA clause when using %s",
                                "GRANT/REVOKE ON SCHEMAS")));
            objtype = DEFACLOBJ_NAMESPACE;
            if (iacls->all_privs && this_privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SCHEMA;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
            if (OidIsValid(iacls->nspid))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                         errmsg("cannot use IN SCHEMA clause when using %s",
                                "GRANT/REVOKE ON LARGE OBJECTS")));
            objtype = DEFACLOBJ_LARGEOBJECT;
            if (iacls->all_privs && this_privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LARGEOBJECT;
            break;
 
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized object type: %d",
                 (int) iacls->objtype);
            objtype = 0;        /* keep compiler quiet */
            break;
    }
 
    /* Search for existing row for this object type in catalog */
    tuple = SearchSysCache3(DEFACLROLENSPOBJ,
                            ObjectIdGetDatum(iacls->roleid),
                            ObjectIdGetDatum(iacls->nspid),
                            CharGetDatum(objtype));
 
    if (HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
 
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(DEFACLROLENSPOBJ, tuple,
                                   Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclacl,
                                   &isNull);
        if (!isNull)
            old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(aclDatum);
        else
            old_acl = NULL;     /* this case shouldn't happen, probably */
        isNew = false;
    }
    else
    {
        old_acl = NULL;
        isNew = true;
    }
 
    if (old_acl != NULL)
    {
        /*
         * We need the members of both old and new ACLs so we can correct the
         * shared dependency information.  Collect data before
         * merge_acl_with_grant throws away old_acl.
         */
        noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
    }
    else
    {
        /* If no or null entry, start with the default ACL value */
        old_acl = aclcopy(def_acl);
        /* There are no old member roles according to the catalogs */
        noldmembers = 0;
        oldmembers = NULL;
    }
 
    /*
     * Generate new ACL.  Grantor of rights is always the same as the target
     * role.
     */
    new_acl = merge_acl_with_grant(old_acl,
                                   iacls->is_grant,
                                   iacls->grant_option,
                                   iacls->behavior,
                                   iacls->grantees,
                                   this_privileges,
                                   iacls->roleid,
                                   iacls->roleid);
 
    /*
     * If the result is the same as the default value, we do not need an
     * explicit pg_default_acl entry, and should in fact remove the entry if
     * it exists.  Must sort both arrays to compare properly.
     */
    aclitemsort(new_acl);
    aclitemsort(def_acl);
    if (aclequal(new_acl, def_acl))
    {
        /* delete old entry, if indeed there is one */
        if (!isNew)
        {
            ObjectAddress myself;
 
            /*
             * The dependency machinery will take care of removing all
             * associated dependency entries.  We use DROP_RESTRICT since
             * there shouldn't be anything depending on this entry.
             */
            myself.classId = DefaultAclRelationId;
            myself.objectId = ((Form_pg_default_acl) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->oid;
            myself.objectSubId = 0;
 
            performDeletion(&myself, DROP_RESTRICT, 0);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        Datum       values[Natts_pg_default_acl] = {0};
        bool        nulls[Natts_pg_default_acl] = {0};
        bool        replaces[Natts_pg_default_acl] = {0};
        Oid         defAclOid;
 
        if (isNew)
        {
            /* insert new entry */
            defAclOid = GetNewOidWithIndex(rel, DefaultAclOidIndexId,
                                           Anum_pg_default_acl_oid);
            values[Anum_pg_default_acl_oid - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(defAclOid);
            values[Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclrole - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(iacls->roleid);
            values[Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclnamespace - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(iacls->nspid);
            values[Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclobjtype - 1] = CharGetDatum(objtype);
            values[Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclacl - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
 
            newtuple = heap_form_tuple(RelationGetDescr(rel), values, nulls);
            CatalogTupleInsert(rel, newtuple);
        }
        else
        {
            defAclOid = ((Form_pg_default_acl) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->oid;
 
            /* update existing entry */
            values[Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclacl - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
            replaces[Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclacl - 1] = true;
 
            newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(tuple, RelationGetDescr(rel),
                                         values, nulls, replaces);
            CatalogTupleUpdate(rel, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
        }
 
        /* these dependencies don't change in an update */
        if (isNew)
        {
            /* dependency on role */
            recordDependencyOnOwner(DefaultAclRelationId, defAclOid,
                                    iacls->roleid);
 
            /* dependency on namespace */
            if (OidIsValid(iacls->nspid))
            {
                ObjectAddress myself,
                            referenced;
 
                myself.classId = DefaultAclRelationId;
                myself.objectId = defAclOid;
                myself.objectSubId = 0;
 
                referenced.classId = NamespaceRelationId;
                referenced.objectId = iacls->nspid;
                referenced.objectSubId = 0;
 
                recordDependencyOn(&myself, &referenced, DEPENDENCY_AUTO);
            }
        }
 
        /*
         * Update the shared dependency ACL info
         */
        nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
        updateAclDependencies(DefaultAclRelationId,
                              defAclOid, 0,
                              iacls->roleid,
                              noldmembers, oldmembers,
                              nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
        if (isNew)
            InvokeObjectPostCreateHook(DefaultAclRelationId, defAclOid, 0);
        else
            InvokeObjectPostAlterHook(DefaultAclRelationId, defAclOid, 0);
    }
 
    if (HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
    table_close(rel, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /* prevent error when processing duplicate objects */
    CommandCounterIncrement();
}
 
 
/*
 * RemoveRoleFromObjectACL
 *
 * Used by shdepDropOwned to remove mentions of a role in ACLs.
 *
 * Notice that this doesn't accept an objsubid parameter, which is a bit bogus
 * since the pg_shdepend record that caused us to call it certainly had one.
 * If, for example, pg_shdepend records the existence of a permission on
 * mytable.mycol, this function will effectively issue a REVOKE ALL ON TABLE
 * mytable.  That gets the job done because (per SQL spec) such a REVOKE also
 * revokes per-column permissions.  We could not recreate a situation where
 * the role has table-level but not column-level permissions; but it's okay
 * (for now anyway) because this is only used when we're dropping the role
 * and so all its permissions everywhere must go away.  At worst it's a bit
 * inefficient if the role has column permissions on several columns of the
 * same table.
 */
void
RemoveRoleFromObjectACL(Oid roleid, Oid classid, Oid objid)
{
    if (classid == DefaultAclRelationId)
    {
        InternalDefaultACL iacls;
        Form_pg_default_acl pg_default_acl_tuple;
        Relation    rel;
        ScanKeyData skey[1];
        SysScanDesc scan;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
 
        /* first fetch info needed by SetDefaultACL */
        rel = table_open(DefaultAclRelationId, AccessShareLock);
 
        ScanKeyInit(&skey[0],
                    Anum_pg_default_acl_oid,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(objid));
 
        scan = systable_beginscan(rel, DefaultAclOidIndexId, true,
                                  NULL, 1, skey);
 
        tuple = systable_getnext(scan);
 
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for default ACL %u", objid);
 
        pg_default_acl_tuple = (Form_pg_default_acl) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
        iacls.roleid = pg_default_acl_tuple->defaclrole;
        iacls.nspid = pg_default_acl_tuple->defaclnamespace;
 
        switch (pg_default_acl_tuple->defaclobjtype)
        {
            case DEFACLOBJ_RELATION:
                iacls.objtype = OBJECT_TABLE;
                break;
            case DEFACLOBJ_SEQUENCE:
                iacls.objtype = OBJECT_SEQUENCE;
                break;
            case DEFACLOBJ_FUNCTION:
                iacls.objtype = OBJECT_FUNCTION;
                break;
            case DEFACLOBJ_TYPE:
                iacls.objtype = OBJECT_TYPE;
                break;
            case DEFACLOBJ_NAMESPACE:
                iacls.objtype = OBJECT_SCHEMA;
                break;
            case DEFACLOBJ_LARGEOBJECT:
                iacls.objtype = OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT;
                break;
            default:
                /* Shouldn't get here */
                elog(ERROR, "unexpected default ACL type: %d",
                     (int) pg_default_acl_tuple->defaclobjtype);
                break;
        }
 
        systable_endscan(scan);
        table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
 
        iacls.is_grant = false;
        iacls.all_privs = true;
        iacls.privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
        iacls.grantees = list_make1_oid(roleid);
        iacls.grant_option = false;
        iacls.behavior = DROP_CASCADE;
 
        /* Do it */
        SetDefaultACL(&iacls);
    }
    else
    {
        InternalGrant istmt;
 
        switch (classid)
        {
            case RelationRelationId:
                /* it's OK to use TABLE for a sequence */
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_TABLE;
                break;
            case DatabaseRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_DATABASE;
                break;
            case TypeRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_TYPE;
                break;
            case ProcedureRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_ROUTINE;
                break;
            case LanguageRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_LANGUAGE;
                break;
            case LargeObjectRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT;
                break;
            case NamespaceRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_SCHEMA;
                break;
            case TableSpaceRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_TABLESPACE;
                break;
            case ForeignServerRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER;
                break;
            case ForeignDataWrapperRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_FDW;
                break;
            case ParameterAclRelationId:
                istmt.objtype = OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL;
                break;
            default:
                elog(ERROR, "unexpected object class %u", classid);
                break;
        }
        istmt.is_grant = false;
        istmt.objects = list_make1_oid(objid);
        istmt.all_privs = true;
        istmt.privileges = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
        istmt.col_privs = NIL;
        istmt.grantees = list_make1_oid(roleid);
        istmt.grant_option = false;
        istmt.behavior = DROP_CASCADE;
 
        ExecGrantStmt_oids(&istmt);
    }
}
 
 
/*
 * expand_col_privileges
 *
 * OR the specified privilege(s) into per-column array entries for each
 * specified attribute.  The per-column array is indexed starting at
 * FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber, up to relation's last attribute.
 */
static void
expand_col_privileges(List *colnames, Oid table_oid,
                      AclMode this_privileges,
                      AclMode *col_privileges,
                      int num_col_privileges)
{
    ListCell   *cell;
 
    foreach(cell, colnames)
    {
        char       *colname = strVal(lfirst(cell));
        AttrNumber  attnum;
 
        attnum = get_attnum(table_oid, colname);
        if (attnum == InvalidAttrNumber)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_COLUMN),
                     errmsg("column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\" does not exist",
                            colname, get_rel_name(table_oid))));
        attnum -= FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber;
        if (attnum <= 0 || attnum >= num_col_privileges)
            elog(ERROR, "column number out of range");  /* safety check */
        col_privileges[attnum] |= this_privileges;
    }
}
 
/*
 * expand_all_col_privileges
 *
 * OR the specified privilege(s) into per-column array entries for each valid
 * attribute of a relation.  The per-column array is indexed starting at
 * FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber, up to relation's last attribute.
 */
static void
expand_all_col_privileges(Oid table_oid, Form_pg_class classForm,
                          AclMode this_privileges,
                          AclMode *col_privileges,
                          int num_col_privileges)
{
    AttrNumber  curr_att;
 
    Assert(classForm->relnatts - FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber < num_col_privileges);
    for (curr_att = FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber + 1;
         curr_att <= classForm->relnatts;
         curr_att++)
    {
        HeapTuple   attTuple;
        bool        isdropped;
 
        if (curr_att == InvalidAttrNumber)
            continue;
 
        /* Views don't have any system columns at all */
        if (classForm->relkind == RELKIND_VIEW && curr_att < 0)
            continue;
 
        attTuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
                                   ObjectIdGetDatum(table_oid),
                                   Int16GetDatum(curr_att));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(attTuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for attribute %d of relation %u",
                 curr_att, table_oid);
 
        isdropped = ((Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(attTuple))->attisdropped;
 
        ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
 
        /* ignore dropped columns */
        if (isdropped)
            continue;
 
        col_privileges[curr_att - FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber] |= this_privileges;
    }
}
 
/*
 *  This processes attributes, but expects to be called from
 *  ExecGrant_Relation, not directly from ExecuteGrantStmt.
 */
static void
ExecGrant_Attribute(InternalGrant *istmt, Oid relOid, const char *relname,
                    AttrNumber attnum, Oid ownerId, AclMode col_privileges,
                    Relation attRelation, const Acl *old_rel_acl)
{
    HeapTuple   attr_tuple;
    Form_pg_attribute pg_attribute_tuple;
    Acl        *old_acl;
    Acl        *new_acl;
    Acl        *merged_acl;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Oid         grantorId;
    AclMode     avail_goptions;
    bool        need_update;
    HeapTuple   newtuple;
    Datum       values[Natts_pg_attribute] = {0};
    bool        nulls[Natts_pg_attribute] = {0};
    bool        replaces[Natts_pg_attribute] = {0};
    int         noldmembers;
    int         nnewmembers;
    Oid        *oldmembers;
    Oid        *newmembers;
 
    attr_tuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
                                 ObjectIdGetDatum(relOid),
                                 Int16GetDatum(attnum));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(attr_tuple))
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for attribute %d of relation %u",
             attnum, relOid);
    pg_attribute_tuple = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(attr_tuple);
 
    /*
     * Get working copy of existing ACL. If there's no ACL, substitute the
     * proper default.
     */
    aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(ATTNUM, attr_tuple, Anum_pg_attribute_attacl,
                               &isNull);
    if (isNull)
    {
        old_acl = acldefault(OBJECT_COLUMN, ownerId);
        /* There are no old member roles according to the catalogs */
        noldmembers = 0;
        oldmembers = NULL;
    }
    else
    {
        old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(aclDatum);
        /* Get the roles mentioned in the existing ACL */
        noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
    }
 
    /*
     * In select_best_grantor we should consider existing table-level ACL bits
     * as well as the per-column ACL.  Build a new ACL that is their
     * concatenation.  (This is a bit cheap and dirty compared to merging them
     * properly with no duplications, but it's all we need here.)
     */
    merged_acl = aclconcat(old_rel_acl, old_acl);
 
    /* Determine ID to do the grant as, and available grant options */
    select_best_grantor(GetUserId(), col_privileges,
                        merged_acl, ownerId,
                        &grantorId, &avail_goptions);
 
    pfree(merged_acl);
 
    /*
     * Restrict the privileges to what we can actually grant, and emit the
     * standards-mandated warning and error messages.  Note: we don't track
     * whether the user actually used the ALL PRIVILEGES(columns) syntax for
     * each column; we just approximate it by whether all the possible
     * privileges are specified now.  Since the all_privs flag only determines
     * whether a warning is issued, this seems close enough.
     */
    col_privileges =
        restrict_and_check_grant(istmt->is_grant, avail_goptions,
                                 (col_privileges == ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_COLUMN),
                                 col_privileges,
                                 relOid, grantorId, OBJECT_COLUMN,
                                 relname, attnum,
                                 NameStr(pg_attribute_tuple->attname));
 
    /*
     * Generate new ACL.
     */
    new_acl = merge_acl_with_grant(old_acl, istmt->is_grant,
                                   istmt->grant_option,
                                   istmt->behavior, istmt->grantees,
                                   col_privileges, grantorId,
                                   ownerId);
 
    /*
     * We need the members of both old and new ACLs so we can correct the
     * shared dependency information.
     */
    nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
    /* finished building new ACL value, now insert it */
 
    /*
     * If the updated ACL is empty, we can set attacl to null, and maybe even
     * avoid an update of the pg_attribute row.  This is worth testing because
     * we'll come through here multiple times for any relation-level REVOKE,
     * even if there were never any column GRANTs.  Note we are assuming that
     * the "default" ACL state for columns is empty.
     */
    if (ACL_NUM(new_acl) > 0)
    {
        values[Anum_pg_attribute_attacl - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
        need_update = true;
    }
    else
    {
        nulls[Anum_pg_attribute_attacl - 1] = true;
        need_update = !isNull;
    }
    replaces[Anum_pg_attribute_attacl - 1] = true;
 
    if (need_update)
    {
        newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(attr_tuple, RelationGetDescr(attRelation),
                                     values, nulls, replaces);
 
        CatalogTupleUpdate(attRelation, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
 
        /* Update initial privileges for extensions */
        recordExtensionInitPriv(relOid, RelationRelationId, attnum,
                                ACL_NUM(new_acl) > 0 ? new_acl : NULL);
 
        /* Update the shared dependency ACL info */
        updateAclDependencies(RelationRelationId, relOid, attnum,
                              ownerId,
                              noldmembers, oldmembers,
                              nnewmembers, newmembers);
    }
 
    pfree(new_acl);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(attr_tuple);
}
 
/*
 *  This processes both sequences and non-sequences.
 */
static void
ExecGrant_Relation(InternalGrant *istmt)
{
    Relation    relation;
    Relation    attRelation;
    ListCell   *cell;
 
    relation = table_open(RelationRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
    attRelation = table_open(AttributeRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    foreach(cell, istmt->objects)
    {
        Oid         relOid = lfirst_oid(cell);
        Datum       aclDatum;
        Form_pg_class pg_class_tuple;
        bool        isNull;
        AclMode     this_privileges;
        AclMode    *col_privileges;
        int         num_col_privileges;
        bool        have_col_privileges;
        Acl        *old_acl;
        Acl        *old_rel_acl;
        int         noldmembers;
        Oid        *oldmembers;
        Oid         ownerId;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
        ListCell   *cell_colprivs;
 
        tuple = SearchSysCacheLocked1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(relOid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for relation %u", relOid);
        pg_class_tuple = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
        /* Not sensible to grant on an index */
        if (pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_INDEX ||
            pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_INDEX)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
                     errmsg("\"%s\" is an index",
                            NameStr(pg_class_tuple->relname))));
 
        /* Composite types aren't tables either */
        if (pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_COMPOSITE_TYPE)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
                     errmsg("\"%s\" is a composite type",
                            NameStr(pg_class_tuple->relname))));
 
        /* Used GRANT SEQUENCE on a non-sequence? */
        if (istmt->objtype == OBJECT_SEQUENCE &&
            pg_class_tuple->relkind != RELKIND_SEQUENCE)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
                     errmsg("\"%s\" is not a sequence",
                            NameStr(pg_class_tuple->relname))));
 
        /* Adjust the default permissions based on object type */
        if (istmt->all_privs && istmt->privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
        {
            if (pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_SEQUENCE)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE;
            else
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_RELATION;
        }
        else
            this_privileges = istmt->privileges;
 
        /*
         * The GRANT TABLE syntax can be used for sequences and non-sequences,
         * so we have to look at the relkind to determine the supported
         * permissions.  The OR of table and sequence permissions were already
         * checked.
         */
        if (istmt->objtype == OBJECT_TABLE)
        {
            if (pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_SEQUENCE)
            {
                /*
                 * For backward compatibility, just throw a warning for
                 * invalid sequence permissions when using the non-sequence
                 * GRANT syntax.
                 */
                if (this_privileges & ~((AclMode) ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE))
                {
                    /*
                     * Mention the object name because the user needs to know
                     * which operations succeeded.  This is required because
                     * WARNING allows the command to continue.
                     */
                    ereport(WARNING,
                            (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                             errmsg("sequence \"%s\" only supports USAGE, SELECT, and UPDATE privileges",
                                    NameStr(pg_class_tuple->relname))));
                    this_privileges &= (AclMode) ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SEQUENCE;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                if (this_privileges & ~((AclMode) ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_RELATION))
                {
                    /*
                     * USAGE is the only permission supported by sequences but
                     * not by non-sequences.  Don't mention the object name
                     * because we didn't in the combined TABLE | SEQUENCE
                     * check.
                     */
                    ereport(ERROR,
                            (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                             errmsg("invalid privilege type %s for table",
                                    "USAGE")));
                }
            }
        }
 
        /*
         * Set up array in which we'll accumulate any column privilege bits
         * that need modification.  The array is indexed such that entry [0]
         * corresponds to FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber.
         */
        num_col_privileges = pg_class_tuple->relnatts - FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber + 1;
        col_privileges = (AclMode *) palloc0(num_col_privileges * sizeof(AclMode));
        have_col_privileges = false;
 
        /*
         * If we are revoking relation privileges that are also column
         * privileges, we must implicitly revoke them from each column too,
         * per SQL spec.  (We don't need to implicitly add column privileges
         * during GRANT because the permissions-checking code always checks
         * both relation and per-column privileges.)
         */
        if (!istmt->is_grant &&
            (this_privileges & ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_COLUMN) != 0)
        {
            expand_all_col_privileges(relOid, pg_class_tuple,
                                      this_privileges & ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_COLUMN,
                                      col_privileges,
                                      num_col_privileges);
            have_col_privileges = true;
        }
 
        /*
         * Get owner ID and working copy of existing ACL. If there's no ACL,
         * substitute the proper default.
         */
        ownerId = pg_class_tuple->relowner;
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(RELOID, tuple, Anum_pg_class_relacl,
                                   &isNull);
        if (isNull)
        {
            switch (pg_class_tuple->relkind)
            {
                case RELKIND_SEQUENCE:
                    old_acl = acldefault(OBJECT_SEQUENCE, ownerId);
                    break;
                default:
                    old_acl = acldefault(OBJECT_TABLE, ownerId);
                    break;
            }
            /* There are no old member roles according to the catalogs */
            noldmembers = 0;
            oldmembers = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(aclDatum);
            /* Get the roles mentioned in the existing ACL */
            noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
        }
 
        /* Need an extra copy of original rel ACL for column handling */
        old_rel_acl = aclcopy(old_acl);
 
        /*
         * Handle relation-level privileges, if any were specified
         */
        if (this_privileges != ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
        {
            AclMode     avail_goptions;
            Acl        *new_acl;
            Oid         grantorId;
            HeapTuple   newtuple;
            Datum       values[Natts_pg_class] = {0};
            bool        nulls[Natts_pg_class] = {0};
            bool        replaces[Natts_pg_class] = {0};
            int         nnewmembers;
            Oid        *newmembers;
            ObjectType  objtype;
 
            /* Determine ID to do the grant as, and available grant options */
            select_best_grantor(GetUserId(), this_privileges,
                                old_acl, ownerId,
                                &grantorId, &avail_goptions);
 
            switch (pg_class_tuple->relkind)
            {
                case RELKIND_SEQUENCE:
                    objtype = OBJECT_SEQUENCE;
                    break;
                default:
                    objtype = OBJECT_TABLE;
                    break;
            }
 
            /*
             * Restrict the privileges to what we can actually grant, and emit
             * the standards-mandated warning and error messages.
             */
            this_privileges =
                restrict_and_check_grant(istmt->is_grant, avail_goptions,
                                         istmt->all_privs, this_privileges,
                                         relOid, grantorId, objtype,
                                         NameStr(pg_class_tuple->relname),
                                         0, NULL);
 
            /*
             * Generate new ACL.
             */
            new_acl = merge_acl_with_grant(old_acl,
                                           istmt->is_grant,
                                           istmt->grant_option,
                                           istmt->behavior,
                                           istmt->grantees,
                                           this_privileges,
                                           grantorId,
                                           ownerId);
 
            /*
             * We need the members of both old and new ACLs so we can correct
             * the shared dependency information.
             */
            nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
            /* finished building new ACL value, now insert it */
            replaces[Anum_pg_class_relacl - 1] = true;
            values[Anum_pg_class_relacl - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
 
            newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(tuple, RelationGetDescr(relation),
                                         values, nulls, replaces);
 
            CatalogTupleUpdate(relation, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
            UnlockTuple(relation, &tuple->t_self, InplaceUpdateTupleLock);
 
            /* Update initial privileges for extensions */
            recordExtensionInitPriv(relOid, RelationRelationId, 0, new_acl);
 
            /* Update the shared dependency ACL info */
            updateAclDependencies(RelationRelationId, relOid, 0,
                                  ownerId,
                                  noldmembers, oldmembers,
                                  nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
            pfree(new_acl);
        }
        else
            UnlockTuple(relation, &tuple->t_self, InplaceUpdateTupleLock);
 
        /*
         * Handle column-level privileges, if any were specified or implied.
         * We first expand the user-specified column privileges into the
         * array, and then iterate over all nonempty array entries.
         */
        foreach(cell_colprivs, istmt->col_privs)
        {
            AccessPriv *col_privs = (AccessPriv *) lfirst(cell_colprivs);
 
            if (col_privs->priv_name == NULL)
                this_privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_COLUMN;
            else
                this_privileges = string_to_privilege(col_privs->priv_name);
 
            if (this_privileges & ~((AclMode) ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_COLUMN))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                         errmsg("invalid privilege type %s for column",
                                privilege_to_string(this_privileges))));
 
            if (pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_SEQUENCE &&
                this_privileges & ~((AclMode) ACL_SELECT))
            {
                /*
                 * The only column privilege allowed on sequences is SELECT.
                 * This is a warning not error because we do it that way for
                 * relation-level privileges.
                 */
                ereport(WARNING,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                         errmsg("sequence \"%s\" only supports SELECT column privileges",
                                NameStr(pg_class_tuple->relname))));
 
                this_privileges &= (AclMode) ACL_SELECT;
            }
 
            expand_col_privileges(col_privs->cols, relOid,
                                  this_privileges,
                                  col_privileges,
                                  num_col_privileges);
            have_col_privileges = true;
        }
 
        if (have_col_privileges)
        {
            AttrNumber  i;
 
            for (i = 0; i < num_col_privileges; i++)
            {
                if (col_privileges[i] == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
                    continue;
                ExecGrant_Attribute(istmt,
                                    relOid,
                                    NameStr(pg_class_tuple->relname),
                                    i + FirstLowInvalidHeapAttributeNumber,
                                    ownerId,
                                    col_privileges[i],
                                    attRelation,
                                    old_rel_acl);
            }
        }
 
        pfree(old_rel_acl);
        pfree(col_privileges);
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
        /* prevent error when processing duplicate objects */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
 
    table_close(attRelation, RowExclusiveLock);
    table_close(relation, RowExclusiveLock);
}
 
static void
ExecGrant_common(InternalGrant *istmt, Oid classid, AclMode default_privs,
                 void (*object_check) (InternalGrant *istmt, HeapTuple tuple))
{
    int         cacheid;
    Relation    relation;
    ListCell   *cell;
 
    if (istmt->all_privs && istmt->privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
        istmt->privileges = default_privs;
 
    cacheid = get_object_catcache_oid(classid);
 
    relation = table_open(classid, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    foreach(cell, istmt->objects)
    {
        Oid         objectid = lfirst_oid(cell);
        Datum       aclDatum;
        Datum       nameDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        AclMode     avail_goptions;
        AclMode     this_privileges;
        Acl        *old_acl;
        Acl        *new_acl;
        Oid         grantorId;
        Oid         ownerId;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
        HeapTuple   newtuple;
        Datum      *values = palloc0_array(Datum, RelationGetDescr(relation)->natts);
        bool       *nulls = palloc0_array(bool, RelationGetDescr(relation)->natts);
        bool       *replaces = palloc0_array(bool, RelationGetDescr(relation)->natts);
        int         noldmembers;
        int         nnewmembers;
        Oid        *oldmembers;
        Oid        *newmembers;
 
        tuple = SearchSysCacheLocked1(cacheid, ObjectIdGetDatum(objectid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for %s %u", get_object_class_descr(classid), objectid);
 
        /*
         * Additional object-type-specific checks
         */
        if (object_check)
            object_check(istmt, tuple);
 
        /*
         * Get owner ID and working copy of existing ACL. If there's no ACL,
         * substitute the proper default.
         */
        ownerId = DatumGetObjectId(SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(cacheid,
                                                          tuple,
                                                          get_object_attnum_owner(classid)));
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(cacheid,
                                   tuple,
                                   get_object_attnum_acl(classid),
                                   &isNull);
        if (isNull)
        {
            old_acl = acldefault(get_object_type(classid, objectid), ownerId);
            /* There are no old member roles according to the catalogs */
            noldmembers = 0;
            oldmembers = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(aclDatum);
            /* Get the roles mentioned in the existing ACL */
            noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
        }
 
        /* Determine ID to do the grant as, and available grant options */
        select_best_grantor(GetUserId(), istmt->privileges,
                            old_acl, ownerId,
                            &grantorId, &avail_goptions);
 
        nameDatum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(cacheid, tuple,
                                           get_object_attnum_name(classid));
 
        /*
         * Restrict the privileges to what we can actually grant, and emit the
         * standards-mandated warning and error messages.
         */
        this_privileges =
            restrict_and_check_grant(istmt->is_grant, avail_goptions,
                                     istmt->all_privs, istmt->privileges,
                                     objectid, grantorId, get_object_type(classid, objectid),
                                     NameStr(*DatumGetName(nameDatum)),
                                     0, NULL);
 
        /*
         * Generate new ACL.
         */
        new_acl = merge_acl_with_grant(old_acl, istmt->is_grant,
                                       istmt->grant_option, istmt->behavior,
                                       istmt->grantees, this_privileges,
                                       grantorId, ownerId);
 
        /*
         * We need the members of both old and new ACLs so we can correct the
         * shared dependency information.
         */
        nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
        /* finished building new ACL value, now insert it */
        replaces[get_object_attnum_acl(classid) - 1] = true;
        values[get_object_attnum_acl(classid) - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
 
        newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(tuple, RelationGetDescr(relation), values,
                                     nulls, replaces);
 
        CatalogTupleUpdate(relation, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
        UnlockTuple(relation, &tuple->t_self, InplaceUpdateTupleLock);
 
        /* Update initial privileges for extensions */
        recordExtensionInitPriv(objectid, classid, 0, new_acl);
 
        /* Update the shared dependency ACL info */
        updateAclDependencies(classid,
                              objectid, 0,
                              ownerId,
                              noldmembers, oldmembers,
                              nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
        pfree(new_acl);
 
        /* prevent error when processing duplicate objects */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
 
    table_close(relation, RowExclusiveLock);
}
 
static void
ExecGrant_Language_check(InternalGrant *istmt, HeapTuple tuple)
{
    Form_pg_language pg_language_tuple;
 
    pg_language_tuple = (Form_pg_language) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
    if (!pg_language_tuple->lanpltrusted)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_WRONG_OBJECT_TYPE),
                 errmsg("language \"%s\" is not trusted",
                        NameStr(pg_language_tuple->lanname)),
                 errdetail("GRANT and REVOKE are not allowed on untrusted languages, "
                           "because only superusers can use untrusted languages.")));
}
 
static void
ExecGrant_Largeobject(InternalGrant *istmt)
{
    Relation    relation;
    ListCell   *cell;
 
    if (istmt->all_privs && istmt->privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
        istmt->privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_LARGEOBJECT;
 
    relation = table_open(LargeObjectMetadataRelationId,
                          RowExclusiveLock);
 
    foreach(cell, istmt->objects)
    {
        Oid         loid = lfirst_oid(cell);
        Form_pg_largeobject_metadata form_lo_meta;
        char        loname[NAMEDATALEN];
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        AclMode     avail_goptions;
        AclMode     this_privileges;
        Acl        *old_acl;
        Acl        *new_acl;
        Oid         grantorId;
        Oid         ownerId;
        HeapTuple   newtuple;
        Datum       values[Natts_pg_largeobject_metadata] = {0};
        bool        nulls[Natts_pg_largeobject_metadata] = {0};
        bool        replaces[Natts_pg_largeobject_metadata] = {0};
        int         noldmembers;
        int         nnewmembers;
        Oid        *oldmembers;
        Oid        *newmembers;
        ScanKeyData entry[1];
        SysScanDesc scan;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
 
        /* There's no syscache for pg_largeobject_metadata */
        ScanKeyInit(&entry[0],
                    Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_oid,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(loid));
 
        scan = systable_beginscan(relation,
                                  LargeObjectMetadataOidIndexId, true,
                                  NULL, 1, entry);
 
        tuple = systable_getnext(scan);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for large object %u", loid);
 
        form_lo_meta = (Form_pg_largeobject_metadata) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
        /*
         * Get owner ID and working copy of existing ACL. If there's no ACL,
         * substitute the proper default.
         */
        ownerId = form_lo_meta->lomowner;
        aclDatum = heap_getattr(tuple,
                                Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_lomacl,
                                RelationGetDescr(relation), &isNull);
        if (isNull)
        {
            old_acl = acldefault(OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT, ownerId);
            /* There are no old member roles according to the catalogs */
            noldmembers = 0;
            oldmembers = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(aclDatum);
            /* Get the roles mentioned in the existing ACL */
            noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
        }
 
        /* Determine ID to do the grant as, and available grant options */
        select_best_grantor(GetUserId(), istmt->privileges,
                            old_acl, ownerId,
                            &grantorId, &avail_goptions);
 
        /*
         * Restrict the privileges to what we can actually grant, and emit the
         * standards-mandated warning and error messages.
         */
        snprintf(loname, sizeof(loname), "large object %u", loid);
        this_privileges =
            restrict_and_check_grant(istmt->is_grant, avail_goptions,
                                     istmt->all_privs, istmt->privileges,
                                     loid, grantorId, OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT,
                                     loname, 0, NULL);
 
        /*
         * Generate new ACL.
         */
        new_acl = merge_acl_with_grant(old_acl, istmt->is_grant,
                                       istmt->grant_option, istmt->behavior,
                                       istmt->grantees, this_privileges,
                                       grantorId, ownerId);
 
        /*
         * We need the members of both old and new ACLs so we can correct the
         * shared dependency information.
         */
        nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
        /* finished building new ACL value, now insert it */
        replaces[Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_lomacl - 1] = true;
        values[Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_lomacl - 1]
            = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
 
        newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(tuple, RelationGetDescr(relation),
                                     values, nulls, replaces);
 
        CatalogTupleUpdate(relation, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
 
        /* Update initial privileges for extensions */
        recordExtensionInitPriv(loid, LargeObjectRelationId, 0, new_acl);
 
        /* Update the shared dependency ACL info */
        updateAclDependencies(LargeObjectRelationId,
                              form_lo_meta->oid, 0,
                              ownerId,
                              noldmembers, oldmembers,
                              nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
        systable_endscan(scan);
 
        pfree(new_acl);
 
        /* prevent error when processing duplicate objects */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
 
    table_close(relation, RowExclusiveLock);
}
 
static void
ExecGrant_Type_check(InternalGrant *istmt, HeapTuple tuple)
{
    Form_pg_type pg_type_tuple;
 
    pg_type_tuple = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
    /* Disallow GRANT on dependent types */
    if (IsTrueArrayType(pg_type_tuple))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                 errmsg("cannot set privileges of array types"),
                 errhint("Set the privileges of the element type instead.")));
    if (pg_type_tuple->typtype == TYPTYPE_MULTIRANGE)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_GRANT_OPERATION),
                 errmsg("cannot set privileges of multirange types"),
                 errhint("Set the privileges of the range type instead.")));
}
 
static void
ExecGrant_Parameter(InternalGrant *istmt)
{
    Relation    relation;
    ListCell   *cell;
 
    if (istmt->all_privs && istmt->privileges == ACL_NO_RIGHTS)
        istmt->privileges = ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_PARAMETER_ACL;
 
    relation = table_open(ParameterAclRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    foreach(cell, istmt->objects)
    {
        Oid         parameterId = lfirst_oid(cell);
        Datum       nameDatum;
        const char *parname;
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        AclMode     avail_goptions;
        AclMode     this_privileges;
        Acl        *old_acl;
        Acl        *new_acl;
        Oid         grantorId;
        Oid         ownerId;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
        int         noldmembers;
        int         nnewmembers;
        Oid        *oldmembers;
        Oid        *newmembers;
 
        tuple = SearchSysCache1(PARAMETERACLOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(parameterId));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for parameter ACL %u",
                 parameterId);
 
        /* We'll need the GUC's name */
        nameDatum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(PARAMETERACLOID, tuple,
                                           Anum_pg_parameter_acl_parname);
        parname = TextDatumGetCString(nameDatum);
 
        /* Treat all parameters as belonging to the bootstrap superuser. */
        ownerId = BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID;
 
        /*
         * Get working copy of existing ACL. If there's no ACL, substitute the
         * proper default.
         */
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(PARAMETERACLOID, tuple,
                                   Anum_pg_parameter_acl_paracl,
                                   &isNull);
 
        if (isNull)
        {
            old_acl = acldefault(istmt->objtype, ownerId);
            /* There are no old member roles according to the catalogs */
            noldmembers = 0;
            oldmembers = NULL;
        }
        else
        {
            old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(aclDatum);
            /* Get the roles mentioned in the existing ACL */
            noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
        }
 
        /* Determine ID to do the grant as, and available grant options */
        select_best_grantor(GetUserId(), istmt->privileges,
                            old_acl, ownerId,
                            &grantorId, &avail_goptions);
 
        /*
         * Restrict the privileges to what we can actually grant, and emit the
         * standards-mandated warning and error messages.
         */
        this_privileges =
            restrict_and_check_grant(istmt->is_grant, avail_goptions,
                                     istmt->all_privs, istmt->privileges,
                                     parameterId, grantorId,
                                     OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL,
                                     parname,
                                     0, NULL);
 
        /*
         * Generate new ACL.
         */
        new_acl = merge_acl_with_grant(old_acl, istmt->is_grant,
                                       istmt->grant_option, istmt->behavior,
                                       istmt->grantees, this_privileges,
                                       grantorId, ownerId);
 
        /*
         * We need the members of both old and new ACLs so we can correct the
         * shared dependency information.
         */
        nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
        /*
         * If the new ACL is equal to the default, we don't need the catalog
         * entry any longer.  Delete it rather than updating it, to avoid
         * leaving a degenerate entry.
         */
        if (aclequal(new_acl, acldefault(istmt->objtype, ownerId)))
        {
            CatalogTupleDelete(relation, &tuple->t_self);
        }
        else
        {
            /* finished building new ACL value, now insert it */
            HeapTuple   newtuple;
            Datum       values[Natts_pg_parameter_acl] = {0};
            bool        nulls[Natts_pg_parameter_acl] = {0};
            bool        replaces[Natts_pg_parameter_acl] = {0};
 
            replaces[Anum_pg_parameter_acl_paracl - 1] = true;
            values[Anum_pg_parameter_acl_paracl - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
 
            newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(tuple, RelationGetDescr(relation),
                                         values, nulls, replaces);
 
            CatalogTupleUpdate(relation, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
        }
 
        /* Update initial privileges for extensions */
        recordExtensionInitPriv(parameterId, ParameterAclRelationId, 0,
                                new_acl);
 
        /* Update the shared dependency ACL info */
        updateAclDependencies(ParameterAclRelationId, parameterId, 0,
                              ownerId,
                              noldmembers, oldmembers,
                              nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
        pfree(new_acl);
 
        /* prevent error when processing duplicate objects */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
 
    table_close(relation, RowExclusiveLock);
}
 
 
static AclMode
string_to_privilege(const char *privname)
{
    if (strcmp(privname, "insert") == 0)
        return ACL_INSERT;
    if (strcmp(privname, "select") == 0)
        return ACL_SELECT;
    if (strcmp(privname, "update") == 0)
        return ACL_UPDATE;
    if (strcmp(privname, "delete") == 0)
        return ACL_DELETE;
    if (strcmp(privname, "truncate") == 0)
        return ACL_TRUNCATE;
    if (strcmp(privname, "references") == 0)
        return ACL_REFERENCES;
    if (strcmp(privname, "trigger") == 0)
        return ACL_TRIGGER;
    if (strcmp(privname, "execute") == 0)
        return ACL_EXECUTE;
    if (strcmp(privname, "usage") == 0)
        return ACL_USAGE;
    if (strcmp(privname, "create") == 0)
        return ACL_CREATE;
    if (strcmp(privname, "temporary") == 0)
        return ACL_CREATE_TEMP;
    if (strcmp(privname, "temp") == 0)
        return ACL_CREATE_TEMP;
    if (strcmp(privname, "connect") == 0)
        return ACL_CONNECT;
    if (strcmp(privname, "set") == 0)
        return ACL_SET;
    if (strcmp(privname, "alter system") == 0)
        return ACL_ALTER_SYSTEM;
    if (strcmp(privname, "maintain") == 0)
        return ACL_MAINTAIN;
    ereport(ERROR,
            (errcode(ERRCODE_SYNTAX_ERROR),
             errmsg("unrecognized privilege type \"%s\"", privname)));
    return 0;                   /* appease compiler */
}
 
static const char *
privilege_to_string(AclMode privilege)
{
    switch (privilege)
    {
        case ACL_INSERT:
            return "INSERT";
        case ACL_SELECT:
            return "SELECT";
        case ACL_UPDATE:
            return "UPDATE";
        case ACL_DELETE:
            return "DELETE";
        case ACL_TRUNCATE:
            return "TRUNCATE";
        case ACL_REFERENCES:
            return "REFERENCES";
        case ACL_TRIGGER:
            return "TRIGGER";
        case ACL_EXECUTE:
            return "EXECUTE";
        case ACL_USAGE:
            return "USAGE";
        case ACL_CREATE:
            return "CREATE";
        case ACL_CREATE_TEMP:
            return "TEMP";
        case ACL_CONNECT:
            return "CONNECT";
        case ACL_SET:
            return "SET";
        case ACL_ALTER_SYSTEM:
            return "ALTER SYSTEM";
        case ACL_MAINTAIN:
            return "MAINTAIN";
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized privilege: %d", (int) privilege);
    }
    return NULL;                /* appease compiler */
}
 
/*
 * Standardized reporting of aclcheck permissions failures.
 *
 * Note: we do not double-quote the %s's below, because many callers
 * supply strings that might be already quoted.
 */
void
aclcheck_error(AclResult aclerr, ObjectType objtype,
               const char *objectname)
{
    switch (aclerr)
    {
        case ACLCHECK_OK:
            /* no error, so return to caller */
            break;
        case ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV:
            {
                const char *msg = "???";
 
                switch (objtype)
                {
                    case OBJECT_AGGREGATE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for aggregate %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_COLLATION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for collation %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_COLUMN:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for column %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_CONVERSION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for conversion %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_DATABASE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for database %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_DOMAIN:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for domain %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_EVENT_TRIGGER:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for event trigger %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_EXTENSION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for extension %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FDW:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for foreign-data wrapper %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for foreign server %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FOREIGN_TABLE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for foreign table %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for function %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_INDEX:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for index %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_LANGUAGE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for language %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for large object %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_MATVIEW:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for materialized view %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_OPCLASS:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for operator class %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_OPERATOR:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for operator %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_OPFAMILY:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for operator family %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for parameter %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_POLICY:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for policy %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_PROCEDURE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for procedure %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_PUBLICATION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for publication %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_ROUTINE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for routine %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for schema %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for sequence %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_STATISTIC_EXT:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for statistics object %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_SUBSCRIPTION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for subscription %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TABLE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for table %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TABLESPACE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for tablespace %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TSCONFIGURATION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for text search configuration %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TSDICTIONARY:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for text search dictionary %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TYPE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for type %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_VIEW:
                        msg = gettext_noop("permission denied for view %s");
                        break;
                        /* these currently aren't used */
                    case OBJECT_ACCESS_METHOD:
                    case OBJECT_AMOP:
                    case OBJECT_AMPROC:
                    case OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE:
                    case OBJECT_CAST:
                    case OBJECT_DEFAULT:
                    case OBJECT_DEFACL:
                    case OBJECT_DOMCONSTRAINT:
                    case OBJECT_PUBLICATION_NAMESPACE:
                    case OBJECT_PUBLICATION_REL:
                    case OBJECT_ROLE:
                    case OBJECT_RULE:
                    case OBJECT_TABCONSTRAINT:
                    case OBJECT_TRANSFORM:
                    case OBJECT_TRIGGER:
                    case OBJECT_TSPARSER:
                    case OBJECT_TSTEMPLATE:
                    case OBJECT_USER_MAPPING:
                        elog(ERROR, "unsupported object type: %d", objtype);
                }
 
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
                         errmsg(msg, objectname)));
                break;
            }
        case ACLCHECK_NOT_OWNER:
            {
                const char *msg = "???";
 
                switch (objtype)
                {
                    case OBJECT_AGGREGATE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of aggregate %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_COLLATION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of collation %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_CONVERSION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of conversion %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_DATABASE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of database %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_DOMAIN:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of domain %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_EVENT_TRIGGER:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of event trigger %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_EXTENSION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of extension %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FDW:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of foreign-data wrapper %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of foreign server %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FOREIGN_TABLE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of foreign table %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of function %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_INDEX:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of index %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_LANGUAGE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of language %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of large object %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_MATVIEW:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of materialized view %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_OPCLASS:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of operator class %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_OPERATOR:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of operator %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_OPFAMILY:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of operator family %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_PROCEDURE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of procedure %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_PUBLICATION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of publication %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_ROUTINE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of routine %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of sequence %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_SUBSCRIPTION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of subscription %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TABLE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of table %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TYPE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of type %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_VIEW:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of view %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of schema %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_STATISTIC_EXT:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of statistics object %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TABLESPACE:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of tablespace %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TSCONFIGURATION:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of text search configuration %s");
                        break;
                    case OBJECT_TSDICTIONARY:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of text search dictionary %s");
                        break;
 
                        /*
                         * Special cases: For these, the error message talks
                         * about "relation", because that's where the
                         * ownership is attached.  See also
                         * check_object_ownership().
                         */
                    case OBJECT_COLUMN:
                    case OBJECT_POLICY:
                    case OBJECT_RULE:
                    case OBJECT_TABCONSTRAINT:
                    case OBJECT_TRIGGER:
                        msg = gettext_noop("must be owner of relation %s");
                        break;
                        /* these currently aren't used */
                    case OBJECT_ACCESS_METHOD:
                    case OBJECT_AMOP:
                    case OBJECT_AMPROC:
                    case OBJECT_ATTRIBUTE:
                    case OBJECT_CAST:
                    case OBJECT_DEFAULT:
                    case OBJECT_DEFACL:
                    case OBJECT_DOMCONSTRAINT:
                    case OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL:
                    case OBJECT_PUBLICATION_NAMESPACE:
                    case OBJECT_PUBLICATION_REL:
                    case OBJECT_ROLE:
                    case OBJECT_TRANSFORM:
                    case OBJECT_TSPARSER:
                    case OBJECT_TSTEMPLATE:
                    case OBJECT_USER_MAPPING:
                        elog(ERROR, "unsupported object type: %d", objtype);
                }
 
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
                         errmsg(msg, objectname)));
                break;
            }
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized AclResult: %d", (int) aclerr);
            break;
    }
}
 
 
void
aclcheck_error_col(AclResult aclerr, ObjectType objtype,
                   const char *objectname, const char *colname)
{
    switch (aclerr)
    {
        case ACLCHECK_OK:
            /* no error, so return to caller */
            break;
        case ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV:
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
                     errmsg("permission denied for column \"%s\" of relation \"%s\"",
                            colname, objectname)));
            break;
        case ACLCHECK_NOT_OWNER:
            /* relation msg is OK since columns don't have separate owners */
            aclcheck_error(aclerr, objtype, objectname);
            break;
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized AclResult: %d", (int) aclerr);
            break;
    }
}
 
 
/*
 * Special common handling for types: use element type instead of array type,
 * and format nicely
 */
void
aclcheck_error_type(AclResult aclerr, Oid typeOid)
{
    Oid         element_type = get_element_type(typeOid);
 
    aclcheck_error(aclerr, OBJECT_TYPE, format_type_be(element_type ? element_type : typeOid));
}
 
 
/*
 * Relay for the various pg_*_mask routines depending on object kind
 */
static AclMode
pg_aclmask(ObjectType objtype, Oid object_oid, AttrNumber attnum, Oid roleid,
           AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how)
{
    switch (objtype)
    {
        case OBJECT_COLUMN:
            return
                pg_class_aclmask(object_oid, roleid, mask, how) |
                pg_attribute_aclmask(object_oid, attnum, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
            return pg_class_aclmask(object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_DATABASE:
            return object_aclmask(DatabaseRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
            return object_aclmask(ProcedureRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_LANGUAGE:
            return object_aclmask(LanguageRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
            return pg_largeobject_aclmask_snapshot(object_oid, roleid,
                                                   mask, how, NULL);
        case OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL:
            return pg_parameter_acl_aclmask(object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
            return object_aclmask(NamespaceRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_STATISTIC_EXT:
            elog(ERROR, "grantable rights not supported for statistics objects");
            /* not reached, but keep compiler quiet */
            return ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
        case OBJECT_TABLESPACE:
            return object_aclmask(TableSpaceRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_FDW:
            return object_aclmask(ForeignDataWrapperRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_FOREIGN_SERVER:
            return object_aclmask(ForeignServerRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        case OBJECT_EVENT_TRIGGER:
            elog(ERROR, "grantable rights not supported for event triggers");
            /* not reached, but keep compiler quiet */
            return ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
            return object_aclmask(TypeRelationId, object_oid, roleid, mask, how);
        default:
            elog(ERROR, "unrecognized object type: %d",
                 (int) objtype);
            /* not reached, but keep compiler quiet */
            return ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
    }
}
 
 
/* ****************************************************************
 * Exported routines for examining a user's privileges for various objects
 *
 * See aclmask() for a description of the common API for these functions.
 * ****************************************************************
 */
 
/*
 * Generic routine for examining a user's privileges for an object
 */
static AclMode
object_aclmask(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid,
               AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how)
{
    return object_aclmask_ext(classid, objectid, roleid, mask, how, NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Generic routine for examining a user's privileges for an object,
 * with is_missing
 */
static AclMode
object_aclmask_ext(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid,
                   AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                   bool *is_missing)
{
    int         cacheid;
    AclMode     result;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *acl;
    Oid         ownerId;
 
    /* Special cases */
    switch (classid)
    {
        case NamespaceRelationId:
            return pg_namespace_aclmask_ext(objectid, roleid, mask, how,
                                            is_missing);
        case TypeRelationId:
            return pg_type_aclmask_ext(objectid, roleid, mask, how,
                                       is_missing);
    }
 
    /* Even more special cases */
    Assert(classid != RelationRelationId);  /* should use pg_class_acl* */
    Assert(classid != LargeObjectMetadataRelationId);   /* should use
                                                         * pg_largeobject_acl* */
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return mask;
 
    /*
     * Get the object's ACL from its catalog
     */
 
    cacheid = get_object_catcache_oid(classid);
 
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(cacheid, ObjectIdGetDatum(objectid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            return 0;
        }
        else
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for %s %u",
                 get_object_class_descr(classid), objectid);
    }
 
    ownerId = DatumGetObjectId(SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(cacheid,
                                                      tuple,
                                                      get_object_attnum_owner(classid)));
 
    aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(cacheid, tuple, get_object_attnum_acl(classid),
                               &isNull);
    if (isNull)
    {
        /* No ACL, so build default ACL */
        acl = acldefault(get_object_type(classid, objectid), ownerId);
        aclDatum = (Datum) 0;
    }
    else
    {
        /* detoast ACL if necessary */
        acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
    }
 
    result = aclmask(acl, roleid, ownerId, mask, how);
 
    /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
    if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
        pfree(acl);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a column
 *
 * Note: this considers only privileges granted specifically on the column.
 * It is caller's responsibility to take relation-level privileges into account
 * as appropriate.  (For the same reason, we have no special case for
 * superuser-ness here.)
 */
static AclMode
pg_attribute_aclmask(Oid table_oid, AttrNumber attnum, Oid roleid,
                     AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how)
{
    return pg_attribute_aclmask_ext(table_oid, attnum, roleid,
                                    mask, how, NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a column, with is_missing
 */
static AclMode
pg_attribute_aclmask_ext(Oid table_oid, AttrNumber attnum, Oid roleid,
                         AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how, bool *is_missing)
{
    AclMode     result;
    HeapTuple   classTuple;
    HeapTuple   attTuple;
    Form_pg_class classForm;
    Form_pg_attribute attributeForm;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *acl;
    Oid         ownerId;
 
    /*
     * First, get the column's ACL from its pg_attribute entry
     */
    attTuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
                               ObjectIdGetDatum(table_oid),
                               Int16GetDatum(attnum));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(attTuple))
    {
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            return 0;
        }
        else
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_COLUMN),
                     errmsg("attribute %d of relation with OID %u does not exist",
                            attnum, table_oid)));
    }
 
    attributeForm = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(attTuple);
 
    /* Check dropped columns, too */
    if (attributeForm->attisdropped)
    {
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
            return 0;
        }
        else
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_COLUMN),
                     errmsg("attribute %d of relation with OID %u does not exist",
                            attnum, table_oid)));
    }
 
    aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(ATTNUM, attTuple, Anum_pg_attribute_attacl,
                               &isNull);
 
    /*
     * Here we hard-wire knowledge that the default ACL for a column grants no
     * privileges, so that we can fall out quickly in the very common case
     * where attacl is null.
     */
    if (isNull)
    {
        ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
        return 0;
    }
 
    /*
     * Must get the relation's ownerId from pg_class.  Since we already found
     * a pg_attribute entry, the only likely reason for this to fail is that a
     * concurrent DROP of the relation committed since then (which could only
     * happen if we don't have lock on the relation).  Treat that similarly to
     * not finding the attribute entry.
     */
    classTuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(table_oid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(classTuple))
    {
        ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            return 0;
        }
        else
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_TABLE),
                     errmsg("relation with OID %u does not exist",
                            table_oid)));
    }
    classForm = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(classTuple);
 
    ownerId = classForm->relowner;
 
    ReleaseSysCache(classTuple);
 
    /* detoast column's ACL if necessary */
    acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
 
    result = aclmask(acl, roleid, ownerId, mask, how);
 
    /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
    if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
        pfree(acl);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for examining a user's privileges for a table
 */
AclMode
pg_class_aclmask(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid,
                 AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how)
{
    return pg_class_aclmask_ext(table_oid, roleid, mask, how, NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a table, with is_missing
 */
static AclMode
pg_class_aclmask_ext(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mask,
                     AclMaskHow how, bool *is_missing)
{
    AclMode     result;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    Form_pg_class classForm;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *acl;
    Oid         ownerId;
 
    /*
     * Must get the relation's tuple from pg_class
     */
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(table_oid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            return 0;
        }
        else
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_TABLE),
                     errmsg("relation with OID %u does not exist",
                            table_oid)));
    }
 
    classForm = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
    /*
     * Deny anyone permission to update a system catalog unless
     * pg_authid.rolsuper is set.
     *
     * As of 7.4 we have some updatable system views; those shouldn't be
     * protected in this way.  Assume the view rules can take care of
     * themselves.  ACL_USAGE is if we ever have system sequences.
     */
    if ((mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE)) &&
        IsSystemClass(table_oid, classForm) &&
        classForm->relkind != RELKIND_VIEW &&
        !superuser_arg(roleid))
        mask &= ~(ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE | ACL_TRUNCATE | ACL_USAGE);
 
    /*
     * Otherwise, superusers bypass all permission-checking.
     */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
    {
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
        return mask;
    }
 
    /*
     * Normal case: get the relation's ACL from pg_class
     */
    ownerId = classForm->relowner;
 
    aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(RELOID, tuple, Anum_pg_class_relacl,
                               &isNull);
    if (isNull)
    {
        /* No ACL, so build default ACL */
        switch (classForm->relkind)
        {
            case RELKIND_SEQUENCE:
                acl = acldefault(OBJECT_SEQUENCE, ownerId);
                break;
            default:
                acl = acldefault(OBJECT_TABLE, ownerId);
                break;
        }
        aclDatum = (Datum) 0;
    }
    else
    {
        /* detoast rel's ACL if necessary */
        acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
    }
 
    result = aclmask(acl, roleid, ownerId, mask, how);
 
    /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
    if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
        pfree(acl);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
    /*
     * Check if ACL_SELECT is being checked and, if so, and not set already as
     * part of the result, then check if the user is a member of the
     * pg_read_all_data role, which allows read access to all relations.
     */
    if (mask & ACL_SELECT && !(result & ACL_SELECT) &&
        has_privs_of_role(roleid, ROLE_PG_READ_ALL_DATA))
        result |= ACL_SELECT;
 
    /*
     * Check if ACL_INSERT, ACL_UPDATE, or ACL_DELETE is being checked and, if
     * so, and not set already as part of the result, then check if the user
     * is a member of the pg_write_all_data role, which allows
     * INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE access to all relations (except system catalogs,
     * which requires superuser, see above).
     */
    if (mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE) &&
        !(result & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE)) &&
        has_privs_of_role(roleid, ROLE_PG_WRITE_ALL_DATA))
        result |= (mask & (ACL_INSERT | ACL_UPDATE | ACL_DELETE));
 
    /*
     * Check if ACL_MAINTAIN is being checked and, if so, and not already set
     * as part of the result, then check if the user is a member of the
     * pg_maintain role, which allows VACUUM, ANALYZE, CLUSTER, REFRESH
     * MATERIALIZED VIEW, REINDEX, and LOCK TABLE on all relations.
     */
    if (mask & ACL_MAINTAIN &&
        !(result & ACL_MAINTAIN) &&
        has_privs_of_role(roleid, ROLE_PG_MAINTAIN))
        result |= ACL_MAINTAIN;
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a configuration
 * parameter (GUC), identified by GUC name.
 */
static AclMode
pg_parameter_aclmask(const char *name, Oid roleid, AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how)
{
    AclMode     result;
    char       *parname;
    text       *partext;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return mask;
 
    /* Convert name to the form it should have in pg_parameter_acl... */
    parname = convert_GUC_name_for_parameter_acl(name);
    partext = cstring_to_text(parname);
 
    /* ... and look it up */
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(PARAMETERACLNAME, PointerGetDatum(partext));
 
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        /* If no entry, GUC has no permissions for non-superusers */
        result = ACL_NO_RIGHTS;
    }
    else
    {
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        Acl        *acl;
 
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(PARAMETERACLNAME, tuple,
                                   Anum_pg_parameter_acl_paracl,
                                   &isNull);
        if (isNull)
        {
            /* No ACL, so build default ACL */
            acl = acldefault(OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL, BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID);
            aclDatum = (Datum) 0;
        }
        else
        {
            /* detoast ACL if necessary */
            acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
        }
 
        result = aclmask(acl, roleid, BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID, mask, how);
 
        /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
        if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
            pfree(acl);
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    }
 
    pfree(parname);
    pfree(partext);
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a configuration
 * parameter (GUC), identified by the OID of its pg_parameter_acl entry.
 */
static AclMode
pg_parameter_acl_aclmask(Oid acl_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how)
{
    AclMode     result;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *acl;
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return mask;
 
    /* Get the ACL from pg_parameter_acl */
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(PARAMETERACLOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(acl_oid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                 errmsg("parameter ACL with OID %u does not exist",
                        acl_oid)));
 
    aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(PARAMETERACLOID, tuple,
                               Anum_pg_parameter_acl_paracl,
                               &isNull);
    if (isNull)
    {
        /* No ACL, so build default ACL */
        acl = acldefault(OBJECT_PARAMETER_ACL, BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID);
        aclDatum = (Datum) 0;
    }
    else
    {
        /* detoast ACL if necessary */
        acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
    }
 
    result = aclmask(acl, roleid, BOOTSTRAP_SUPERUSERID, mask, how);
 
    /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
    if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
        pfree(acl);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a largeobject
 *
 * When a large object is opened for reading, it is opened relative to the
 * caller's snapshot, but when it is opened for writing, a current
 * MVCC snapshot will be used.  See doc/src/sgml/lobj.sgml.  This function
 * takes a snapshot argument so that the permissions check can be made
 * relative to the same snapshot that will be used to read the underlying
 * data.  The caller will actually pass NULL for an instantaneous MVCC
 * snapshot, since all we do with the snapshot argument is pass it through
 * to systable_beginscan().
 */
static AclMode
pg_largeobject_aclmask_snapshot(Oid lobj_oid, Oid roleid,
                                AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                                Snapshot snapshot)
{
    AclMode     result;
    Relation    pg_lo_meta;
    ScanKeyData entry[1];
    SysScanDesc scan;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *acl;
    Oid         ownerId;
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return mask;
 
    /*
     * Get the largeobject's ACL from pg_largeobject_metadata
     */
    pg_lo_meta = table_open(LargeObjectMetadataRelationId,
                            AccessShareLock);
 
    ScanKeyInit(&entry[0],
                Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_oid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(lobj_oid));
 
    scan = systable_beginscan(pg_lo_meta,
                              LargeObjectMetadataOidIndexId, true,
                              snapshot, 1, entry);
 
    tuple = systable_getnext(scan);
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                 errmsg("large object %u does not exist", lobj_oid)));
 
    ownerId = ((Form_pg_largeobject_metadata) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->lomowner;
 
    aclDatum = heap_getattr(tuple, Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_lomacl,
                            RelationGetDescr(pg_lo_meta), &isNull);
 
    if (isNull)
    {
        /* No ACL, so build default ACL */
        acl = acldefault(OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT, ownerId);
        aclDatum = (Datum) 0;
    }
    else
    {
        /* detoast ACL if necessary */
        acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
    }
 
    result = aclmask(acl, roleid, ownerId, mask, how);
 
    /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
    if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
        pfree(acl);
 
    systable_endscan(scan);
 
    table_close(pg_lo_meta, AccessShareLock);
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a namespace, with is_missing
 */
static AclMode
pg_namespace_aclmask_ext(Oid nsp_oid, Oid roleid,
                         AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                         bool *is_missing)
{
    AclMode     result;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *acl;
    Oid         ownerId;
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return mask;
 
    /*
     * If we have been assigned this namespace as a temp namespace, check to
     * make sure we have CREATE TEMP permission on the database, and if so act
     * as though we have all standard (but not GRANT OPTION) permissions on
     * the namespace.  If we don't have CREATE TEMP, act as though we have
     * only USAGE (and not CREATE) rights.
     *
     * This may seem redundant given the check in InitTempTableNamespace, but
     * it really isn't since current user ID may have changed since then. The
     * upshot of this behavior is that a SECURITY DEFINER function can create
     * temp tables that can then be accessed (if permission is granted) by
     * code in the same session that doesn't have permissions to create temp
     * tables.
     *
     * XXX Would it be safe to ereport a special error message as
     * InitTempTableNamespace does?  Returning zero here means we'll get a
     * generic "permission denied for schema pg_temp_N" message, which is not
     * remarkably user-friendly.
     */
    if (isTempNamespace(nsp_oid))
    {
        if (object_aclcheck_ext(DatabaseRelationId, MyDatabaseId, roleid,
                                ACL_CREATE_TEMP, is_missing) == ACLCHECK_OK)
            return mask & ACL_ALL_RIGHTS_SCHEMA;
        else
            return mask & ACL_USAGE;
    }
 
    /*
     * Get the schema's ACL from pg_namespace
     */
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(NAMESPACEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(nsp_oid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            return 0;
        }
        else
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_SCHEMA),
                     errmsg("schema with OID %u does not exist", nsp_oid)));
    }
 
    ownerId = ((Form_pg_namespace) GETSTRUCT(tuple))->nspowner;
 
    aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(NAMESPACEOID, tuple, Anum_pg_namespace_nspacl,
                               &isNull);
    if (isNull)
    {
        /* No ACL, so build default ACL */
        acl = acldefault(OBJECT_SCHEMA, ownerId);
        aclDatum = (Datum) 0;
    }
    else
    {
        /* detoast ACL if necessary */
        acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
    }
 
    result = aclmask(acl, roleid, ownerId, mask, how);
 
    /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
    if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
        pfree(acl);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
    /*
     * Check if ACL_USAGE is being checked and, if so, and not set already as
     * part of the result, then check if the user is a member of the
     * pg_read_all_data or pg_write_all_data roles, which allow usage access
     * to all schemas.
     */
    if (mask & ACL_USAGE && !(result & ACL_USAGE) &&
        (has_privs_of_role(roleid, ROLE_PG_READ_ALL_DATA) ||
         has_privs_of_role(roleid, ROLE_PG_WRITE_ALL_DATA)))
        result |= ACL_USAGE;
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Routine for examining a user's privileges for a type, with is_missing
 */
static AclMode
pg_type_aclmask_ext(Oid type_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mask, AclMaskHow how,
                    bool *is_missing)
{
    AclMode     result;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    Form_pg_type typeForm;
    Datum       aclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *acl;
    Oid         ownerId;
 
    /* Bypass permission checks for superusers */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return mask;
 
    /*
     * Must get the type's tuple from pg_type
     */
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(TYPEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(type_oid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            return 0;
        }
        else
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                     errmsg("type with OID %u does not exist",
                            type_oid)));
    }
    typeForm = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
    /*
     * "True" array types don't manage permissions of their own; consult the
     * element type instead.
     */
    if (IsTrueArrayType(typeForm))
    {
        Oid         elttype_oid = typeForm->typelem;
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
        tuple = SearchSysCache1(TYPEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(elttype_oid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
        {
            if (is_missing != NULL)
            {
                /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
                *is_missing = true;
                return 0;
            }
            else
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                         errmsg("type with OID %u does not exist",
                                elttype_oid)));
        }
        typeForm = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
    }
 
    /*
     * Likewise, multirange types don't manage their own permissions; consult
     * the associated range type.  (Note we must do this after the array step
     * to get the right answer for arrays of multiranges.)
     */
    if (typeForm->typtype == TYPTYPE_MULTIRANGE)
    {
        Oid         rangetype = get_multirange_range(typeForm->oid);
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
        tuple = SearchSysCache1(TYPEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(rangetype));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
        {
            if (is_missing != NULL)
            {
                /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
                *is_missing = true;
                return 0;
            }
            else
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
                         errmsg("type with OID %u does not exist",
                                rangetype)));
        }
        typeForm = (Form_pg_type) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
    }
 
    /*
     * Now get the type's owner and ACL from the tuple
     */
    ownerId = typeForm->typowner;
 
    aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(TYPEOID, tuple,
                               Anum_pg_type_typacl, &isNull);
    if (isNull)
    {
        /* No ACL, so build default ACL */
        acl = acldefault(OBJECT_TYPE, ownerId);
        aclDatum = (Datum) 0;
    }
    else
    {
        /* detoast rel's ACL if necessary */
        acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
    }
 
    result = aclmask(acl, roleid, ownerId, mask, how);
 
    /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
    if (acl && acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
        pfree(acl);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Exported generic routine for checking a user's access privileges to an object
 */
AclResult
object_aclcheck(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid, AclMode mode)
{
    return object_aclcheck_ext(classid, objectid, roleid, mode, NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Exported generic routine for checking a user's access privileges to an
 * object, with is_missing
 */
AclResult
object_aclcheck_ext(Oid classid, Oid objectid,
                    Oid roleid, AclMode mode,
                    bool *is_missing)
{
    if (object_aclmask_ext(classid, objectid, roleid, mode, ACLMASK_ANY,
                           is_missing) != 0)
        return ACLCHECK_OK;
    else
        return ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to a column
 *
 * Returns ACLCHECK_OK if the user has any of the privileges identified by
 * 'mode'; otherwise returns a suitable error code (in practice, always
 * ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV).
 *
 * As with pg_attribute_aclmask, only privileges granted directly on the
 * column are considered here.
 */
AclResult
pg_attribute_aclcheck(Oid table_oid, AttrNumber attnum,
                      Oid roleid, AclMode mode)
{
    return pg_attribute_aclcheck_ext(table_oid, attnum, roleid, mode, NULL);
}
 
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to a column,
 * with is_missing
 */
AclResult
pg_attribute_aclcheck_ext(Oid table_oid, AttrNumber attnum,
                          Oid roleid, AclMode mode, bool *is_missing)
{
    if (pg_attribute_aclmask_ext(table_oid, attnum, roleid, mode,
                                 ACLMASK_ANY, is_missing) != 0)
        return ACLCHECK_OK;
    else
        return ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to any/all columns
 *
 * If 'how' is ACLMASK_ANY, then returns ACLCHECK_OK if user has any of the
 * privileges identified by 'mode' on any non-dropped column in the relation;
 * otherwise returns a suitable error code (in practice, always
 * ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV).
 *
 * If 'how' is ACLMASK_ALL, then returns ACLCHECK_OK if user has any of the
 * privileges identified by 'mode' on each non-dropped column in the relation
 * (and there must be at least one such column); otherwise returns a suitable
 * error code (in practice, always ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV).
 *
 * As with pg_attribute_aclmask, only privileges granted directly on the
 * column(s) are considered here.
 *
 * Note: system columns are not considered here; there are cases where that
 * might be appropriate but there are also cases where it wouldn't.
 */
AclResult
pg_attribute_aclcheck_all(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mode,
                          AclMaskHow how)
{
    return pg_attribute_aclcheck_all_ext(table_oid, roleid, mode, how, NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to any/all columns,
 * with is_missing
 */
AclResult
pg_attribute_aclcheck_all_ext(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid,
                              AclMode mode, AclMaskHow how,
                              bool *is_missing)
{
    AclResult   result;
    HeapTuple   classTuple;
    Form_pg_class classForm;
    Oid         ownerId;
    AttrNumber  nattrs;
    AttrNumber  curr_att;
 
    /*
     * Must fetch pg_class row to get owner ID and number of attributes.
     */
    classTuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(table_oid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(classTuple))
    {
        if (is_missing != NULL)
        {
            /* return "no privileges" instead of throwing an error */
            *is_missing = true;
            return ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
        }
        else
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_TABLE),
                     errmsg("relation with OID %u does not exist",
                            table_oid)));
    }
    classForm = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(classTuple);
 
    ownerId = classForm->relowner;
    nattrs = classForm->relnatts;
 
    ReleaseSysCache(classTuple);
 
    /*
     * Initialize result in case there are no non-dropped columns.  We want to
     * report failure in such cases for either value of 'how'.
     */
    result = ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
 
    for (curr_att = 1; curr_att <= nattrs; curr_att++)
    {
        HeapTuple   attTuple;
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        Acl        *acl;
        AclMode     attmask;
 
        attTuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
                                   ObjectIdGetDatum(table_oid),
                                   Int16GetDatum(curr_att));
 
        /*
         * Lookup failure probably indicates that the table was just dropped,
         * but we'll treat it the same as a dropped column rather than
         * throwing error.
         */
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(attTuple))
            continue;
 
        /* ignore dropped columns */
        if (((Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(attTuple))->attisdropped)
        {
            ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
            continue;
        }
 
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(ATTNUM, attTuple, Anum_pg_attribute_attacl,
                                   &isNull);
 
        /*
         * Here we hard-wire knowledge that the default ACL for a column
         * grants no privileges, so that we can fall out quickly in the very
         * common case where attacl is null.
         */
        if (isNull)
            attmask = 0;
        else
        {
            /* detoast column's ACL if necessary */
            acl = DatumGetAclP(aclDatum);
 
            attmask = aclmask(acl, roleid, ownerId, mode, ACLMASK_ANY);
 
            /* if we have a detoasted copy, free it */
            if (acl != DatumGetPointer(aclDatum))
                pfree(acl);
        }
 
        ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
 
        if (attmask != 0)
        {
            result = ACLCHECK_OK;
            if (how == ACLMASK_ANY)
                break;          /* succeed on any success */
        }
        else
        {
            result = ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
            if (how == ACLMASK_ALL)
                break;          /* fail on any failure */
        }
    }
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to a table
 *
 * Returns ACLCHECK_OK if the user has any of the privileges identified by
 * 'mode'; otherwise returns a suitable error code (in practice, always
 * ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV).
 */
AclResult
pg_class_aclcheck(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mode)
{
    return pg_class_aclcheck_ext(table_oid, roleid, mode, NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to a table,
 * with is_missing
 */
AclResult
pg_class_aclcheck_ext(Oid table_oid, Oid roleid,
                      AclMode mode, bool *is_missing)
{
    if (pg_class_aclmask_ext(table_oid, roleid, mode,
                             ACLMASK_ANY, is_missing) != 0)
        return ACLCHECK_OK;
    else
        return ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to a configuration
 * parameter (GUC), identified by GUC name.
 */
AclResult
pg_parameter_aclcheck(const char *name, Oid roleid, AclMode mode)
{
    if (pg_parameter_aclmask(name, roleid, mode, ACLMASK_ANY) != 0)
        return ACLCHECK_OK;
    else
        return ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
}
 
/*
 * Exported routine for checking a user's access privileges to a largeobject
 */
AclResult
pg_largeobject_aclcheck_snapshot(Oid lobj_oid, Oid roleid, AclMode mode,
                                 Snapshot snapshot)
{
    if (pg_largeobject_aclmask_snapshot(lobj_oid, roleid, mode,
                                        ACLMASK_ANY, snapshot) != 0)
        return ACLCHECK_OK;
    else
        return ACLCHECK_NO_PRIV;
}
 
/*
 * Generic ownership check for an object
 */
bool
object_ownercheck(Oid classid, Oid objectid, Oid roleid)
{
    int         cacheid;
    Oid         ownerId;
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return true;
 
    /* For large objects, the catalog to consult is pg_largeobject_metadata */
    if (classid == LargeObjectRelationId)
        classid = LargeObjectMetadataRelationId;
 
    cacheid = get_object_catcache_oid(classid);
    if (cacheid != -1)
    {
        /* we can get the object's tuple from the syscache */
        HeapTuple   tuple;
 
        tuple = SearchSysCache1(cacheid, ObjectIdGetDatum(objectid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for %s %u",
                 get_object_class_descr(classid), objectid);
 
        ownerId = DatumGetObjectId(SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(cacheid,
                                                          tuple,
                                                          get_object_attnum_owner(classid)));
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    }
    else
    {
        /* for catalogs without an appropriate syscache */
        Relation    rel;
        ScanKeyData entry[1];
        SysScanDesc scan;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
        bool        isnull;
 
        rel = table_open(classid, AccessShareLock);
 
        ScanKeyInit(&entry[0],
                    get_object_attnum_oid(classid),
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(objectid));
 
        scan = systable_beginscan(rel,
                                  get_object_oid_index(classid), true,
                                  NULL, 1, entry);
 
        tuple = systable_getnext(scan);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for %s %u",
                 get_object_class_descr(classid), objectid);
 
        ownerId = DatumGetObjectId(heap_getattr(tuple,
                                                get_object_attnum_owner(classid),
                                                RelationGetDescr(rel),
                                                &isnull));
        Assert(!isnull);
 
        systable_endscan(scan);
        table_close(rel, AccessShareLock);
    }
 
    return has_privs_of_role(roleid, ownerId);
}
 
/*
 * Check whether specified role has CREATEROLE privilege (or is a superuser)
 *
 * Note: roles do not have owners per se; instead we use this test in
 * places where an ownership-like permissions test is needed for a role.
 * Be sure to apply it to the role trying to do the operation, not the
 * role being operated on!  Also note that this generally should not be
 * considered enough privilege if the target role is a superuser.
 * (We don't handle that consideration here because we want to give a
 * separate error message for such cases, so the caller has to deal with it.)
 */
bool
has_createrole_privilege(Oid roleid)
{
    bool        result = false;
    HeapTuple   utup;
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return true;
 
    utup = SearchSysCache1(AUTHOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(roleid));
    if (HeapTupleIsValid(utup))
    {
        result = ((Form_pg_authid) GETSTRUCT(utup))->rolcreaterole;
        ReleaseSysCache(utup);
    }
    return result;
}
 
bool
has_bypassrls_privilege(Oid roleid)
{
    bool        result = false;
    HeapTuple   utup;
 
    /* Superusers bypass all permission checking. */
    if (superuser_arg(roleid))
        return true;
 
    utup = SearchSysCache1(AUTHOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(roleid));
    if (HeapTupleIsValid(utup))
    {
        result = ((Form_pg_authid) GETSTRUCT(utup))->rolbypassrls;
        ReleaseSysCache(utup);
    }
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Fetch pg_default_acl entry for given role, namespace and object type
 * (object type must be given in pg_default_acl's encoding).
 * Returns NULL if no such entry.
 */
static Acl *
get_default_acl_internal(Oid roleId, Oid nsp_oid, char objtype)
{
    Acl        *result = NULL;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
 
    tuple = SearchSysCache3(DEFACLROLENSPOBJ,
                            ObjectIdGetDatum(roleId),
                            ObjectIdGetDatum(nsp_oid),
                            CharGetDatum(objtype));
 
    if (HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
 
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(DEFACLROLENSPOBJ, tuple,
                                   Anum_pg_default_acl_defaclacl,
                                   &isNull);
        if (!isNull)
            result = DatumGetAclPCopy(aclDatum);
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    }
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Get default permissions for newly created object within given schema
 *
 * Returns NULL if built-in system defaults should be used.
 *
 * If the result is not NULL, caller must call recordDependencyOnNewAcl
 * once the OID of the new object is known.
 */
Acl *
get_user_default_acl(ObjectType objtype, Oid ownerId, Oid nsp_oid)
{
    Acl        *result;
    Acl        *glob_acl;
    Acl        *schema_acl;
    Acl        *def_acl;
    char        defaclobjtype;
 
    /*
     * Use NULL during bootstrap, since pg_default_acl probably isn't there
     * yet.
     */
    if (IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
        return NULL;
 
    /* Check if object type is supported in pg_default_acl */
    switch (objtype)
    {
        case OBJECT_TABLE:
            defaclobjtype = DEFACLOBJ_RELATION;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_SEQUENCE:
            defaclobjtype = DEFACLOBJ_SEQUENCE;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_FUNCTION:
            defaclobjtype = DEFACLOBJ_FUNCTION;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_TYPE:
            defaclobjtype = DEFACLOBJ_TYPE;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_SCHEMA:
            defaclobjtype = DEFACLOBJ_NAMESPACE;
            break;
 
        case OBJECT_LARGEOBJECT:
            defaclobjtype = DEFACLOBJ_LARGEOBJECT;
            break;
 
        default:
            return NULL;
    }
 
    /* Look up the relevant pg_default_acl entries */
    glob_acl = get_default_acl_internal(ownerId, InvalidOid, defaclobjtype);
    schema_acl = get_default_acl_internal(ownerId, nsp_oid, defaclobjtype);
 
    /* Quick out if neither entry exists */
    if (glob_acl == NULL && schema_acl == NULL)
        return NULL;
 
    /* We need to know the hard-wired default value, too */
    def_acl = acldefault(objtype, ownerId);
 
    /* If there's no global entry, substitute the hard-wired default */
    if (glob_acl == NULL)
        glob_acl = def_acl;
 
    /* Merge in any per-schema privileges */
    result = aclmerge(glob_acl, schema_acl, ownerId);
 
    /*
     * For efficiency, we want to return NULL if the result equals default.
     * This requires sorting both arrays to get an accurate comparison.
     */
    aclitemsort(result);
    aclitemsort(def_acl);
    if (aclequal(result, def_acl))
        result = NULL;
 
    return result;
}
 
/*
 * Record dependencies on roles mentioned in a new object's ACL.
 */
void
recordDependencyOnNewAcl(Oid classId, Oid objectId, int32 objsubId,
                         Oid ownerId, Acl *acl)
{
    int         nmembers;
    Oid        *members;
 
    /* Nothing to do if ACL is defaulted */
    if (acl == NULL)
        return;
 
    /* Extract roles mentioned in ACL */
    nmembers = aclmembers(acl, &members);
 
    /* Update the shared dependency ACL info */
    updateAclDependencies(classId, objectId, objsubId,
                          ownerId,
                          0, NULL,
                          nmembers, members);
}
 
/*
 * Record initial privileges for the top-level object passed in.
 *
 * For the object passed in, this will record its ACL (if any) and the ACLs of
 * any sub-objects (eg: columns) into pg_init_privs.
 */
void
recordExtObjInitPriv(Oid objoid, Oid classoid)
{
    /*
     * pg_class / pg_attribute
     *
     * If this is a relation then we need to see if there are any sub-objects
     * (eg: columns) for it and, if so, be sure to call
     * recordExtensionInitPrivWorker() for each one.
     */
    if (classoid == RelationRelationId)
    {
        Form_pg_class pg_class_tuple;
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
 
        tuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for relation %u", objoid);
        pg_class_tuple = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
        /*
         * Indexes don't have permissions, neither do the pg_class rows for
         * composite types.  (These cases are unreachable given the
         * restrictions in ALTER EXTENSION ADD, but let's check anyway.)
         */
        if (pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_INDEX ||
            pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_INDEX ||
            pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_COMPOSITE_TYPE)
        {
            ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
            return;
        }
 
        /*
         * If this isn't a sequence then it's possibly going to have
         * column-level ACLs associated with it.
         */
        if (pg_class_tuple->relkind != RELKIND_SEQUENCE)
        {
            AttrNumber  curr_att;
            AttrNumber  nattrs = pg_class_tuple->relnatts;
 
            for (curr_att = 1; curr_att <= nattrs; curr_att++)
            {
                HeapTuple   attTuple;
                Datum       attaclDatum;
 
                attTuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid),
                                           Int16GetDatum(curr_att));
 
                if (!HeapTupleIsValid(attTuple))
                    continue;
 
                /* ignore dropped columns */
                if (((Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(attTuple))->attisdropped)
                {
                    ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
                    continue;
                }
 
                attaclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(ATTNUM, attTuple,
                                              Anum_pg_attribute_attacl,
                                              &isNull);
 
                /* no need to do anything for a NULL ACL */
                if (isNull)
                {
                    ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
                    continue;
                }
 
                recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(objoid, classoid, curr_att,
                                              DatumGetAclP(attaclDatum));
 
                ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
            }
        }
 
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(RELOID, tuple, Anum_pg_class_relacl,
                                   &isNull);
 
        /* Add the record, if any, for the top-level object */
        if (!isNull)
            recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(objoid, classoid, 0,
                                          DatumGetAclP(aclDatum));
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    }
    else if (classoid == LargeObjectRelationId)
    {
        /* For large objects, we must consult pg_largeobject_metadata */
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
        ScanKeyData entry[1];
        SysScanDesc scan;
        Relation    relation;
 
        /*
         * Note: this is dead code, given that we don't allow large objects to
         * be made extension members.  But it seems worth carrying in case
         * some future caller of this function has need for it.
         */
        relation = table_open(LargeObjectMetadataRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
        /* There's no syscache for pg_largeobject_metadata */
        ScanKeyInit(&entry[0],
                    Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_oid,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid));
 
        scan = systable_beginscan(relation,
                                  LargeObjectMetadataOidIndexId, true,
                                  NULL, 1, entry);
 
        tuple = systable_getnext(scan);
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for large object %u", objoid);
 
        aclDatum = heap_getattr(tuple,
                                Anum_pg_largeobject_metadata_lomacl,
                                RelationGetDescr(relation), &isNull);
 
        /* Add the record, if any, for the top-level object */
        if (!isNull)
            recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(objoid, classoid, 0,
                                          DatumGetAclP(aclDatum));
 
        systable_endscan(scan);
    }
    /* This will error on unsupported classoid. */
    else if (get_object_attnum_acl(classoid) != InvalidAttrNumber)
    {
        int         cacheid;
        Datum       aclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
 
        cacheid = get_object_catcache_oid(classoid);
        tuple = SearchSysCache1(cacheid, ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for %s %u",
                 get_object_class_descr(classoid), objoid);
 
        aclDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(cacheid, tuple,
                                   get_object_attnum_acl(classoid),
                                   &isNull);
 
        /* Add the record, if any, for the top-level object */
        if (!isNull)
            recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(objoid, classoid, 0,
                                          DatumGetAclP(aclDatum));
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    }
}
 
/*
 * For the object passed in, remove its ACL and the ACLs of any object subIds
 * from pg_init_privs (via recordExtensionInitPrivWorker()).
 */
void
removeExtObjInitPriv(Oid objoid, Oid classoid)
{
    /*
     * If this is a relation then we need to see if there are any sub-objects
     * (eg: columns) for it and, if so, be sure to call
     * recordExtensionInitPrivWorker() for each one.
     */
    if (classoid == RelationRelationId)
    {
        Form_pg_class pg_class_tuple;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
 
        tuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for relation %u", objoid);
        pg_class_tuple = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
        /*
         * Indexes don't have permissions, neither do the pg_class rows for
         * composite types.  (These cases are unreachable given the
         * restrictions in ALTER EXTENSION DROP, but let's check anyway.)
         */
        if (pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_INDEX ||
            pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_INDEX ||
            pg_class_tuple->relkind == RELKIND_COMPOSITE_TYPE)
        {
            ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
            return;
        }
 
        /*
         * If this isn't a sequence then it's possibly going to have
         * column-level ACLs associated with it.
         */
        if (pg_class_tuple->relkind != RELKIND_SEQUENCE)
        {
            AttrNumber  curr_att;
            AttrNumber  nattrs = pg_class_tuple->relnatts;
 
            for (curr_att = 1; curr_att <= nattrs; curr_att++)
            {
                HeapTuple   attTuple;
 
                attTuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
                                           ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid),
                                           Int16GetDatum(curr_att));
 
                if (!HeapTupleIsValid(attTuple))
                    continue;
 
                /* when removing, remove all entries, even dropped columns */
 
                recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(objoid, classoid, curr_att, NULL);
 
                ReleaseSysCache(attTuple);
            }
        }
 
        ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    }
 
    /* Remove the record, if any, for the top-level object */
    recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(objoid, classoid, 0, NULL);
}
 
/*
 * Record initial ACL for an extension object
 *
 * Can be called at any time, we check if 'creating_extension' is set and, if
 * not, exit immediately.
 *
 * Pass in the object OID, the OID of the class (the OID of the table which
 * the object is defined in) and the 'sub' id of the object (objsubid), if
 * any.  If there is no 'sub' id (they are currently only used for columns of
 * tables) then pass in '0'.  Finally, pass in the complete ACL to store.
 *
 * If an ACL already exists for this object/sub-object then we will replace
 * it with what is passed in.
 *
 * Passing in NULL for 'new_acl' will result in the entry for the object being
 * removed, if one is found.
 */
static void
recordExtensionInitPriv(Oid objoid, Oid classoid, int objsubid, Acl *new_acl)
{
    /*
     * Generally, we only record the initial privileges when an extension is
     * being created, but because we don't actually use CREATE EXTENSION
     * during binary upgrades with pg_upgrade, there is a variable to let us
     * know that the GRANT and REVOKE statements being issued, while this
     * variable is true, are for the initial privileges of the extension
     * object and therefore we need to record them.
     */
    if (!creating_extension && !binary_upgrade_record_init_privs)
        return;
 
    recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(objoid, classoid, objsubid, new_acl);
}
 
/*
 * Record initial ACL for an extension object, worker.
 *
 * This will perform a wholesale replacement of the entire ACL for the object
 * passed in, therefore be sure to pass in the complete new ACL to use.
 *
 * Generally speaking, do *not* use this function directly but instead use
 * recordExtensionInitPriv(), which checks if 'creating_extension' is set.
 * This function does *not* check if 'creating_extension' is set as it is also
 * used when an object is added to or removed from an extension via ALTER
 * EXTENSION ... ADD/DROP.
 */
static void
recordExtensionInitPrivWorker(Oid objoid, Oid classoid, int objsubid,
                              Acl *new_acl)
{
    Relation    relation;
    ScanKeyData key[3];
    SysScanDesc scan;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    HeapTuple   oldtuple;
    int         noldmembers;
    int         nnewmembers;
    Oid        *oldmembers;
    Oid        *newmembers;
 
    /* We'll need the role membership of the new ACL. */
    nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
    /* Search pg_init_privs for an existing entry. */
    relation = table_open(InitPrivsRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    ScanKeyInit(&key[0],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_objoid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[1],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_classoid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(classoid));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[2],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_objsubid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_INT4EQ,
                Int32GetDatum(objsubid));
 
    scan = systable_beginscan(relation, InitPrivsObjIndexId, true,
                              NULL, 3, key);
 
    /* There should exist only one entry or none. */
    oldtuple = systable_getnext(scan);
 
    /* If we find an entry, update it with the latest ACL. */
    if (HeapTupleIsValid(oldtuple))
    {
        Datum       values[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        bool        nulls[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        bool        replace[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        Datum       oldAclDatum;
        bool        isNull;
        Acl        *old_acl;
 
        /* Update pg_shdepend for roles mentioned in the old/new ACLs. */
        oldAclDatum = heap_getattr(oldtuple, Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs,
                                   RelationGetDescr(relation), &isNull);
        Assert(!isNull);
        old_acl = DatumGetAclP(oldAclDatum);
        noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
 
        updateInitAclDependencies(classoid, objoid, objsubid,
                                  noldmembers, oldmembers,
                                  nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
        /* If we have a new ACL to set, then update the row with it. */
        if (new_acl && ACL_NUM(new_acl) != 0)
        {
            values[Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
            replace[Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs - 1] = true;
 
            oldtuple = heap_modify_tuple(oldtuple, RelationGetDescr(relation),
                                         values, nulls, replace);
 
            CatalogTupleUpdate(relation, &oldtuple->t_self, oldtuple);
        }
        else
        {
            /* new_acl is NULL/empty, so delete the entry we found. */
            CatalogTupleDelete(relation, &oldtuple->t_self);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        Datum       values[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        bool        nulls[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
 
        /*
         * Only add a new entry if the new ACL is non-NULL.
         *
         * If we are passed in a NULL ACL and no entry exists, we can just
         * fall through and do nothing.
         */
        if (new_acl && ACL_NUM(new_acl) != 0)
        {
            /* No entry found, so add it. */
            values[Anum_pg_init_privs_objoid - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(objoid);
            values[Anum_pg_init_privs_classoid - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(classoid);
            values[Anum_pg_init_privs_objsubid - 1] = Int32GetDatum(objsubid);
 
            /* This function only handles initial privileges of extensions */
            values[Anum_pg_init_privs_privtype - 1] =
                CharGetDatum(INITPRIVS_EXTENSION);
 
            values[Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
 
            tuple = heap_form_tuple(RelationGetDescr(relation), values, nulls);
 
            CatalogTupleInsert(relation, tuple);
 
            /* Update pg_shdepend, too. */
            noldmembers = 0;
            oldmembers = NULL;
 
            updateInitAclDependencies(classoid, objoid, objsubid,
                                      noldmembers, oldmembers,
                                      nnewmembers, newmembers);
        }
    }
 
    systable_endscan(scan);
 
    /* prevent error when processing objects multiple times */
    CommandCounterIncrement();
 
    table_close(relation, RowExclusiveLock);
}
 
/*
 * ReplaceRoleInInitPriv
 *
 * Used by shdepReassignOwned to replace mentions of a role in pg_init_privs.
 */
void
ReplaceRoleInInitPriv(Oid oldroleid, Oid newroleid,
                      Oid classid, Oid objid, int32 objsubid)
{
    Relation    rel;
    ScanKeyData key[3];
    SysScanDesc scan;
    HeapTuple   oldtuple;
    Datum       oldAclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *old_acl;
    Acl        *new_acl;
    HeapTuple   newtuple;
    int         noldmembers;
    int         nnewmembers;
    Oid        *oldmembers;
    Oid        *newmembers;
 
    /* Search for existing pg_init_privs entry for the target object. */
    rel = table_open(InitPrivsRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    ScanKeyInit(&key[0],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_objoid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(objid));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[1],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_classoid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(classid));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[2],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_objsubid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_INT4EQ,
                Int32GetDatum(objsubid));
 
    scan = systable_beginscan(rel, InitPrivsObjIndexId, true,
                              NULL, 3, key);
 
    /* There should exist only one entry or none. */
    oldtuple = systable_getnext(scan);
 
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(oldtuple))
    {
        /*
         * Hmm, why are we here if there's no entry?  But pack up and go away
         * quietly.
         */
        systable_endscan(scan);
        table_close(rel, RowExclusiveLock);
        return;
    }
 
    /* Get a writable copy of the existing ACL. */
    oldAclDatum = heap_getattr(oldtuple, Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs,
                               RelationGetDescr(rel), &isNull);
    Assert(!isNull);
    old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(oldAclDatum);
 
    /*
     * Generate new ACL.  This usage of aclnewowner is a bit off-label when
     * oldroleid isn't the owner; but it does the job fine.
     */
    new_acl = aclnewowner(old_acl, oldroleid, newroleid);
 
    /*
     * If we end with an empty ACL, delete the pg_init_privs entry.  (That
     * probably can't happen here, but we may as well cover the case.)
     */
    if (new_acl == NULL || ACL_NUM(new_acl) == 0)
    {
        CatalogTupleDelete(rel, &oldtuple->t_self);
    }
    else
    {
        Datum       values[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        bool        nulls[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        bool        replaces[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
 
        /* Update existing entry. */
        values[Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
        replaces[Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs - 1] = true;
 
        newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(oldtuple, RelationGetDescr(rel),
                                     values, nulls, replaces);
        CatalogTupleUpdate(rel, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
    }
 
    /*
     * Update the shared dependency ACL info.
     */
    noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
    nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
    updateInitAclDependencies(classid, objid, objsubid,
                              noldmembers, oldmembers,
                              nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
    systable_endscan(scan);
 
    /* prevent error when processing objects multiple times */
    CommandCounterIncrement();
 
    table_close(rel, RowExclusiveLock);
}
 
/*
 * RemoveRoleFromInitPriv
 *
 * Used by shdepDropOwned to remove mentions of a role in pg_init_privs.
 */
void
RemoveRoleFromInitPriv(Oid roleid, Oid classid, Oid objid, int32 objsubid)
{
    Relation    rel;
    ScanKeyData key[3];
    SysScanDesc scan;
    HeapTuple   oldtuple;
    int         cacheid;
    HeapTuple   objtuple;
    Oid         ownerId;
    Datum       oldAclDatum;
    bool        isNull;
    Acl        *old_acl;
    Acl        *new_acl;
    HeapTuple   newtuple;
    int         noldmembers;
    int         nnewmembers;
    Oid        *oldmembers;
    Oid        *newmembers;
 
    /* Search for existing pg_init_privs entry for the target object. */
    rel = table_open(InitPrivsRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    ScanKeyInit(&key[0],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_objoid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(objid));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[1],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_classoid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(classid));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[2],
                Anum_pg_init_privs_objsubid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_INT4EQ,
                Int32GetDatum(objsubid));
 
    scan = systable_beginscan(rel, InitPrivsObjIndexId, true,
                              NULL, 3, key);
 
    /* There should exist only one entry or none. */
    oldtuple = systable_getnext(scan);
 
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(oldtuple))
    {
        /*
         * Hmm, why are we here if there's no entry?  But pack up and go away
         * quietly.
         */
        systable_endscan(scan);
        table_close(rel, RowExclusiveLock);
        return;
    }
 
    /* Get a writable copy of the existing ACL. */
    oldAclDatum = heap_getattr(oldtuple, Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs,
                               RelationGetDescr(rel), &isNull);
    Assert(!isNull);
    old_acl = DatumGetAclPCopy(oldAclDatum);
 
    /*
     * We need the members of both old and new ACLs so we can correct the
     * shared dependency information.  Collect data before
     * merge_acl_with_grant throws away old_acl.
     */
    noldmembers = aclmembers(old_acl, &oldmembers);
 
    /* Must find out the owner's OID the hard way. */
    cacheid = get_object_catcache_oid(classid);
    objtuple = SearchSysCache1(cacheid, ObjectIdGetDatum(objid));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(objtuple))
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for %s %u",
             get_object_class_descr(classid), objid);
 
    ownerId = DatumGetObjectId(SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(cacheid,
                                                      objtuple,
                                                      get_object_attnum_owner(classid)));
    ReleaseSysCache(objtuple);
 
    /*
     * Generate new ACL.  Grantor of rights is always the same as the owner.
     */
    if (old_acl != NULL)
        new_acl = merge_acl_with_grant(old_acl,
                                       false,   /* is_grant */
                                       false,   /* grant_option */
                                       DROP_RESTRICT,
                                       list_make1_oid(roleid),
                                       ACLITEM_ALL_PRIV_BITS,
                                       ownerId,
                                       ownerId);
    else
        new_acl = NULL;         /* this case shouldn't happen, probably */
 
    /* If we end with an empty ACL, delete the pg_init_privs entry. */
    if (new_acl == NULL || ACL_NUM(new_acl) == 0)
    {
        CatalogTupleDelete(rel, &oldtuple->t_self);
    }
    else
    {
        Datum       values[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        bool        nulls[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
        bool        replaces[Natts_pg_init_privs] = {0};
 
        /* Update existing entry. */
        values[Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs - 1] = PointerGetDatum(new_acl);
        replaces[Anum_pg_init_privs_initprivs - 1] = true;
 
        newtuple = heap_modify_tuple(oldtuple, RelationGetDescr(rel),
                                     values, nulls, replaces);
        CatalogTupleUpdate(rel, &newtuple->t_self, newtuple);
    }
 
    /*
     * Update the shared dependency ACL info.
     */
    nnewmembers = aclmembers(new_acl, &newmembers);
 
    updateInitAclDependencies(classid, objid, objsubid,
                              noldmembers, oldmembers,
                              nnewmembers, newmembers);
 
    systable_endscan(scan);
 
    /* prevent error when processing objects multiple times */
    CommandCounterIncrement();
 
    table_close(rel, RowExclusiveLock);
}