index.h File Reference

#include "catalog/objectaddress.h"
#include "nodes/execnodes.h"

Include dependency graph for index.h:

This graph shows which files directly or indirectly include this file:

Go to the source code of this file.

Data Structures
struct	ReindexParams
struct	ValidateIndexState

Macros
#define	DEFAULT_INDEX_TYPE   "btree"
#define	REINDEXOPT_VERBOSE   0x01 /* print progress info */
#define	REINDEXOPT_REPORT_PROGRESS   0x02 /* report pgstat progress */
#define	REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK   0x04 /* skip missing relations */
#define	REINDEXOPT_CONCURRENTLY   0x08 /* concurrent mode */
#define	INDEX_CREATE_IS_PRIMARY   (1 << 0)
#define	INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT   (1 << 1)
#define	INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD   (1 << 2)
#define	INDEX_CREATE_CONCURRENT   (1 << 3)
#define	INDEX_CREATE_IF_NOT_EXISTS   (1 << 4)
#define	INDEX_CREATE_PARTITIONED   (1 << 5)
#define	INDEX_CREATE_INVALID   (1 << 6)
#define	INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_MARK_AS_PRIMARY   (1 << 0)
#define	INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_DEFERRABLE   (1 << 1)
#define	INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_INIT_DEFERRED   (1 << 2)
#define	INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_UPDATE_INDEX   (1 << 3)
#define	INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_REMOVE_OLD_DEPS   (1 << 4)
#define	REINDEX_REL_PROCESS_TOAST   0x01
#define	REINDEX_REL_SUPPRESS_INDEX_USE   0x02
#define	REINDEX_REL_CHECK_CONSTRAINTS   0x04
#define	REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_UNLOGGED   0x08
#define	REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_PERMANENT   0x10

Typedefs
typedef struct ReindexParams	ReindexParams
typedef struct ValidateIndexState	ValidateIndexState

Enumerations
enum	IndexStateFlagsAction { INDEX_CREATE_SET_READY , INDEX_CREATE_SET_VALID , INDEX_DROP_CLEAR_VALID , INDEX_DROP_SET_DEAD }

Functions
void	index_check_primary_key (Relation heapRel, const IndexInfo *indexInfo, bool is_alter_table, const IndexStmt *stmt)
Oid	index_create (Relation heapRelation, const char *indexRelationName, Oid indexRelationId, Oid parentIndexRelid, Oid parentConstraintId, RelFileNumber relFileNumber, IndexInfo *indexInfo, const List *indexColNames, Oid accessMethodId, Oid tableSpaceId, const Oid *collationIds, const Oid *opclassIds, const int16 *coloptions, Datum reloptions, bits16 flags, bits16 constr_flags, bool allow_system_table_mods, bool is_internal, Oid *constraintId)
Oid	index_concurrently_create_copy (Relation heapRelation, Oid oldIndexId, Oid tablespaceOid, const char *newName)
void	index_concurrently_build (Oid heapRelationId, Oid indexRelationId)
void	index_concurrently_swap (Oid newIndexId, Oid oldIndexId, const char *oldName)
void	index_concurrently_set_dead (Oid heapId, Oid indexId)
ObjectAddress	index_constraint_create (Relation heapRelation, Oid indexRelationId, Oid parentConstraintId, const IndexInfo *indexInfo, const char *constraintName, char constraintType, bits16 constr_flags, bool allow_system_table_mods, bool is_internal)
void	index_drop (Oid indexId, bool concurrent, bool concurrent_lock_mode)
IndexInfo *	BuildIndexInfo (Relation index)
IndexInfo *	BuildDummyIndexInfo (Relation index)
bool	CompareIndexInfo (const IndexInfo *info1, const IndexInfo *info2, const Oid *collations1, const Oid *collations2, const Oid *opfamilies1, const Oid *opfamilies2, const AttrMap *attmap)
void	BuildSpeculativeIndexInfo (Relation index, IndexInfo *ii)
void	FormIndexDatum (IndexInfo *indexInfo, TupleTableSlot *slot, EState *estate, Datum *values, bool *isnull)
void	index_build (Relation heapRelation, Relation indexRelation, IndexInfo *indexInfo, bool isreindex, bool parallel)
void	validate_index (Oid heapId, Oid indexId, Snapshot snapshot)
void	index_set_state_flags (Oid indexId, IndexStateFlagsAction action)
Oid	IndexGetRelation (Oid indexId, bool missing_ok)
void	reindex_index (Oid indexId, bool skip_constraint_checks, char persistence, const ReindexParams *params)
bool	reindex_relation (Oid relid, int flags, const ReindexParams *params)
bool	ReindexIsProcessingHeap (Oid heapOid)
bool	ReindexIsProcessingIndex (Oid indexOid)
void	ResetReindexState (int nestLevel)
Size	EstimateReindexStateSpace (void)
void	SerializeReindexState (Size maxsize, char *start_address)
void	RestoreReindexState (const void *reindexstate)
void	IndexSetParentIndex (Relation partitionIdx, Oid parentOid)
static int64	itemptr_encode (ItemPointer itemptr)
static void	itemptr_decode (ItemPointer itemptr, int64 encoded)

Macro Definition Documentation

DEFAULT_INDEX_TYPE

#define DEFAULT_INDEX_TYPE   "btree"

Definition at line 21 of file index.h.

INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_DEFERRABLE

#define INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_DEFERRABLE   (1 << 1)

Definition at line 90 of file index.h.

INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_INIT_DEFERRED

#define INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_INIT_DEFERRED   (1 << 2)

Definition at line 91 of file index.h.

INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_MARK_AS_PRIMARY

#define INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_MARK_AS_PRIMARY   (1 << 0)

Definition at line 89 of file index.h.

INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_REMOVE_OLD_DEPS

#define INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_REMOVE_OLD_DEPS   (1 << 4)

Definition at line 93 of file index.h.

INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_UPDATE_INDEX

#define INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_UPDATE_INDEX   (1 << 3)

Definition at line 92 of file index.h.

INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT

#define INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT   (1 << 1)

Definition at line 62 of file index.h.

INDEX_CREATE_CONCURRENT

#define INDEX_CREATE_CONCURRENT   (1 << 3)

Definition at line 64 of file index.h.

INDEX_CREATE_IF_NOT_EXISTS

#define INDEX_CREATE_IF_NOT_EXISTS   (1 << 4)

Definition at line 65 of file index.h.

INDEX_CREATE_INVALID

#define INDEX_CREATE_INVALID   (1 << 6)

Definition at line 67 of file index.h.

INDEX_CREATE_IS_PRIMARY

#define INDEX_CREATE_IS_PRIMARY   (1 << 0)

Definition at line 61 of file index.h.

INDEX_CREATE_PARTITIONED

#define INDEX_CREATE_PARTITIONED   (1 << 5)

Definition at line 66 of file index.h.

INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD

#define INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD   (1 << 2)

Definition at line 63 of file index.h.

REINDEX_REL_CHECK_CONSTRAINTS

#define REINDEX_REL_CHECK_CONSTRAINTS   0x04

Definition at line 157 of file index.h.

REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_PERMANENT

#define REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_PERMANENT   0x10

Definition at line 159 of file index.h.

REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_UNLOGGED

#define REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_UNLOGGED   0x08

Definition at line 158 of file index.h.

REINDEX_REL_PROCESS_TOAST

#define REINDEX_REL_PROCESS_TOAST   0x01

Definition at line 155 of file index.h.

REINDEX_REL_SUPPRESS_INDEX_USE

#define REINDEX_REL_SUPPRESS_INDEX_USE   0x02

Definition at line 156 of file index.h.

REINDEXOPT_CONCURRENTLY

#define REINDEXOPT_CONCURRENTLY   0x08 /* concurrent mode */

Definition at line 44 of file index.h.

REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK

#define REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK   0x04 /* skip missing relations */

Definition at line 43 of file index.h.

REINDEXOPT_REPORT_PROGRESS

#define REINDEXOPT_REPORT_PROGRESS   0x02 /* report pgstat progress */

Definition at line 42 of file index.h.

REINDEXOPT_VERBOSE

#define REINDEXOPT_VERBOSE   0x01 /* print progress info */

Definition at line 41 of file index.h.

Typedef Documentation

ReindexParams

typedef struct ReindexParams ReindexParams

ValidateIndexState

typedef struct ValidateIndexState ValidateIndexState

Enumeration Type Documentation

IndexStateFlagsAction

enum IndexStateFlagsAction

Enumerator
INDEX_CREATE_SET_READY
INDEX_CREATE_SET_VALID
INDEX_DROP_CLEAR_VALID
INDEX_DROP_SET_DEAD

Definition at line 24 of file index.h.

{
    INDEX_CREATE_SET_READY,
    INDEX_CREATE_SET_VALID,
    INDEX_DROP_CLEAR_VALID,
    INDEX_DROP_SET_DEAD
} IndexStateFlagsAction;

Function Documentation

BuildDummyIndexInfo()

IndexInfo* BuildDummyIndexInfo

(

Relation

index

)

Definition at line 2487 of file index.c.

{
    IndexInfo  *ii;
    Form_pg_index indexStruct = index->rd_index;
    int         i;
    int         numAtts;
 
    /* check the number of keys, and copy attr numbers into the IndexInfo */
    numAtts = indexStruct->indnatts;
    if (numAtts < 1 || numAtts > INDEX_MAX_KEYS)
        elog(ERROR, "invalid indnatts %d for index %u",
             numAtts, RelationGetRelid(index));
 
    /*
     * Create the node, using dummy index expressions, and pretending there is
     * no predicate.
     */
    ii = makeIndexInfo(indexStruct->indnatts,
                       indexStruct->indnkeyatts,
                       index->rd_rel->relam,
                       RelationGetDummyIndexExpressions(index),
                       NIL,
                       indexStruct->indisunique,
                       indexStruct->indnullsnotdistinct,
                       indexStruct->indisready,
                       false,
                       index->rd_indam->amsummarizing);
 
    /* fill in attribute numbers */
    for (i = 0; i < numAtts; i++)
        ii->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] = indexStruct->indkey.values[i];
 
    /* We ignore the exclusion constraint if any */
 
    return ii;
}

References elog(), ERROR, i, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, INDEX_MAX_KEYS, makeIndexInfo(), NIL, RelationGetDummyIndexExpressions(), and RelationGetRelid.

Referenced by RelationTruncateIndexes().

BuildIndexInfo()

IndexInfo* BuildIndexInfo

(

Relation

index

)

Definition at line 2426 of file index.c.

{
    IndexInfo  *ii;
    Form_pg_index indexStruct = index->rd_index;
    int         i;
    int         numAtts;
 
    /* check the number of keys, and copy attr numbers into the IndexInfo */
    numAtts = indexStruct->indnatts;
    if (numAtts < 1 || numAtts > INDEX_MAX_KEYS)
        elog(ERROR, "invalid indnatts %d for index %u",
             numAtts, RelationGetRelid(index));
 
    /*
     * Create the node, fetching any expressions needed for expressional
     * indexes and index predicate if any.
     */
    ii = makeIndexInfo(indexStruct->indnatts,
                       indexStruct->indnkeyatts,
                       index->rd_rel->relam,
                       RelationGetIndexExpressions(index),
                       RelationGetIndexPredicate(index),
                       indexStruct->indisunique,
                       indexStruct->indnullsnotdistinct,
                       indexStruct->indisready,
                       false,
                       index->rd_indam->amsummarizing);
 
    /* fill in attribute numbers */
    for (i = 0; i < numAtts; i++)
        ii->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] = indexStruct->indkey.values[i];
 
    /* fetch exclusion constraint info if any */
    if (indexStruct->indisexclusion)
    {
        RelationGetExclusionInfo(index,
                                 &ii->ii_ExclusionOps,
                                 &ii->ii_ExclusionProcs,
                                 &ii->ii_ExclusionStrats);
    }
 
    ii->ii_OpclassOptions = RelationGetIndexRawAttOptions(index);
 
    return ii;
}

References elog(), ERROR, i, if(), IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionOps, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionProcs, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionStrats, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, IndexInfo::ii_OpclassOptions, INDEX_MAX_KEYS, makeIndexInfo(), RelationGetExclusionInfo(), RelationGetIndexExpressions(), RelationGetIndexPredicate(), RelationGetIndexRawAttOptions(), and RelationGetRelid.

Referenced by _bt_parallel_scan_and_sort(), ATExecAddIndexConstraint(), ATExecAttachPartitionIdx(), AttachPartitionEnsureIndexes(), brinsummarize(), bt_check_every_level(), DefineIndex(), do_analyze_rel(), ExecOpenIndices(), FindReplTupleInLocalRel(), FindUsableIndexForReplicaIdentityFull(), index_concurrently_build(), index_concurrently_create_copy(), reindex_index(), tuplesort_begin_cluster(), and validate_index().

BuildSpeculativeIndexInfo()

void BuildSpeculativeIndexInfo	(	Relation	index,
		IndexInfo *	ii
	)

Definition at line 2666 of file index.c.

{
    int         indnkeyatts;
    int         i;
 
    indnkeyatts = IndexRelationGetNumberOfKeyAttributes(index);
 
    /*
     * fetch info for checking unique indexes
     */
    Assert(ii->ii_Unique);
 
    if (index->rd_rel->relam != BTREE_AM_OID)
        elog(ERROR, "unexpected non-btree speculative unique index");
 
    ii->ii_UniqueOps = (Oid *) palloc(sizeof(Oid) * indnkeyatts);
    ii->ii_UniqueProcs = (Oid *) palloc(sizeof(Oid) * indnkeyatts);
    ii->ii_UniqueStrats = (uint16 *) palloc(sizeof(uint16) * indnkeyatts);
 
    /*
     * We have to look up the operator's strategy number.  This provides a
     * cross-check that the operator does match the index.
     */
    /* We need the func OIDs and strategy numbers too */
    for (i = 0; i < indnkeyatts; i++)
    {
        ii->ii_UniqueStrats[i] = BTEqualStrategyNumber;
        ii->ii_UniqueOps[i] =
            get_opfamily_member(index->rd_opfamily[i],
                                index->rd_opcintype[i],
                                index->rd_opcintype[i],
                                ii->ii_UniqueStrats[i]);
        if (!OidIsValid(ii->ii_UniqueOps[i]))
            elog(ERROR, "missing operator %d(%u,%u) in opfamily %u",
                 ii->ii_UniqueStrats[i], index->rd_opcintype[i],
                 index->rd_opcintype[i], index->rd_opfamily[i]);
        ii->ii_UniqueProcs[i] = get_opcode(ii->ii_UniqueOps[i]);
    }
}

References Assert(), BTEqualStrategyNumber, elog(), ERROR, get_opcode(), get_opfamily_member(), i, IndexInfo::ii_Unique, IndexInfo::ii_UniqueOps, IndexInfo::ii_UniqueProcs, IndexInfo::ii_UniqueStrats, IndexRelationGetNumberOfKeyAttributes, OidIsValid, and palloc().

Referenced by ExecOpenIndices().

CompareIndexInfo()

bool CompareIndexInfo	(	const IndexInfo *	info1,
		const IndexInfo *	info2,
		const Oid *	collations1,
		const Oid *	collations2,
		const Oid *	opfamilies1,
		const Oid *	opfamilies2,
		const AttrMap *	attmap
	)

Definition at line 2535 of file index.c.

{
    int         i;
 
    if (info1->ii_Unique != info2->ii_Unique)
        return false;
 
    if (info1->ii_NullsNotDistinct != info2->ii_NullsNotDistinct)
        return false;
 
    /* indexes are only equivalent if they have the same access method */
    if (info1->ii_Am != info2->ii_Am)
        return false;
 
    /* and same number of attributes */
    if (info1->ii_NumIndexAttrs != info2->ii_NumIndexAttrs)
        return false;
 
    /* and same number of key attributes */
    if (info1->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs != info2->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs)
        return false;
 
    /*
     * and columns match through the attribute map (actual attribute numbers
     * might differ!)  Note that this checks that index columns that are
     * expressions appear in the same positions.  We will next compare the
     * expressions themselves.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < info1->ii_NumIndexAttrs; i++)
    {
        if (attmap->maplen < info2->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i])
            elog(ERROR, "incorrect attribute map");
 
        /* ignore expressions for now (but check their collation/opfamily) */
        if (!(info1->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] == InvalidAttrNumber &&
              info2->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] == InvalidAttrNumber))
        {
            /* fail if just one index has an expression in this column */
            if (info1->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] == InvalidAttrNumber ||
                info2->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] == InvalidAttrNumber)
                return false;
 
            /* both are columns, so check for match after mapping */
            if (attmap->attnums[info2->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] - 1] !=
                info1->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i])
                return false;
        }
 
        /* collation and opfamily are not valid for included columns */
        if (i >= info1->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs)
            continue;
 
        if (collations1[i] != collations2[i])
            return false;
        if (opfamilies1[i] != opfamilies2[i])
            return false;
    }
 
    /*
     * For expression indexes: either both are expression indexes, or neither
     * is; if they are, make sure the expressions match.
     */
    if ((info1->ii_Expressions != NIL) != (info2->ii_Expressions != NIL))
        return false;
    if (info1->ii_Expressions != NIL)
    {
        bool        found_whole_row;
        Node       *mapped;
 
        mapped = map_variable_attnos((Node *) info2->ii_Expressions,
                                     1, 0, attmap,
                                     InvalidOid, &found_whole_row);
        if (found_whole_row)
        {
            /*
             * we could throw an error here, but seems out of scope for this
             * routine.
             */
            return false;
        }
 
        if (!equal(info1->ii_Expressions, mapped))
            return false;
    }
 
    /* Partial index predicates must be identical, if they exist */
    if ((info1->ii_Predicate == NULL) != (info2->ii_Predicate == NULL))
        return false;
    if (info1->ii_Predicate != NULL)
    {
        bool        found_whole_row;
        Node       *mapped;
 
        mapped = map_variable_attnos((Node *) info2->ii_Predicate,
                                     1, 0, attmap,
                                     InvalidOid, &found_whole_row);
        if (found_whole_row)
        {
            /*
             * we could throw an error here, but seems out of scope for this
             * routine.
             */
            return false;
        }
        if (!equal(info1->ii_Predicate, mapped))
            return false;
    }
 
    /* No support currently for comparing exclusion indexes. */
    if (info1->ii_ExclusionOps != NULL || info2->ii_ExclusionOps != NULL)
        return false;
 
    return true;
}

References AttrMap::attnums, elog(), equal(), ERROR, i, IndexInfo::ii_Am, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionOps, IndexInfo::ii_Expressions, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, IndexInfo::ii_NullsNotDistinct, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexAttrs, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs, IndexInfo::ii_Predicate, IndexInfo::ii_Unique, InvalidAttrNumber, InvalidOid, map_variable_attnos(), AttrMap::maplen, and NIL.

Referenced by ATExecAttachPartitionIdx(), AttachPartitionEnsureIndexes(), and DefineIndex().

EstimateReindexStateSpace()

Size EstimateReindexStateSpace

(

void

)

Definition at line 4147 of file index.c.

{
    return offsetof(SerializedReindexState, pendingReindexedIndexes)
        + mul_size(sizeof(Oid), list_length(pendingReindexedIndexes));
}

References list_length(), mul_size(), and pendingReindexedIndexes.

Referenced by InitializeParallelDSM().

FormIndexDatum()

void FormIndexDatum	(	IndexInfo *	indexInfo,
		TupleTableSlot *	slot,
		EState *	estate,
		Datum *	values,
		bool *	isnull
	)

Definition at line 2726 of file index.c.

{
    ListCell   *indexpr_item;
    int         i;
 
    if (indexInfo->ii_Expressions != NIL &&
        indexInfo->ii_ExpressionsState == NIL)
    {
        /* First time through, set up expression evaluation state */
        indexInfo->ii_ExpressionsState =
            ExecPrepareExprList(indexInfo->ii_Expressions, estate);
        /* Check caller has set up context correctly */
        Assert(GetPerTupleExprContext(estate)->ecxt_scantuple == slot);
    }
    indexpr_item = list_head(indexInfo->ii_ExpressionsState);
 
    for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs; i++)
    {
        int         keycol = indexInfo->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i];
        Datum       iDatum;
        bool        isNull;
 
        if (keycol < 0)
            iDatum = slot_getsysattr(slot, keycol, &isNull);
        else if (keycol != 0)
        {
            /*
             * Plain index column; get the value we need directly from the
             * heap tuple.
             */
            iDatum = slot_getattr(slot, keycol, &isNull);
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * Index expression --- need to evaluate it.
             */
            if (indexpr_item == NULL)
                elog(ERROR, "wrong number of index expressions");
            iDatum = ExecEvalExprSwitchContext((ExprState *) lfirst(indexpr_item),
                                               GetPerTupleExprContext(estate),
                                               &isNull);
            indexpr_item = lnext(indexInfo->ii_ExpressionsState, indexpr_item);
        }
        values[i] = iDatum;
        isnull[i] = isNull;
    }
 
    if (indexpr_item != NULL)
        elog(ERROR, "wrong number of index expressions");
}

References Assert(), elog(), ERROR, ExecEvalExprSwitchContext(), ExecPrepareExprList(), GetPerTupleExprContext, i, IndexInfo::ii_Expressions, IndexInfo::ii_ExpressionsState, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexAttrs, lfirst, list_head(), lnext(), NIL, slot_getattr(), slot_getsysattr(), and values.

Referenced by CatalogIndexInsert(), check_exclusion_or_unique_constraint(), comparetup_cluster_tiebreak(), compute_index_stats(), ExecCheckIndexConstraints(), ExecInsertIndexTuples(), heapam_index_build_range_scan(), heapam_index_validate_scan(), and IndexCheckExclusion().

index_build()

void index_build	(	Relation	heapRelation,
		Relation	indexRelation,
		IndexInfo *	indexInfo,
		bool	isreindex,
		bool	parallel
	)

Definition at line 2962 of file index.c.

{
    IndexBuildResult *stats;
    Oid         save_userid;
    int         save_sec_context;
    int         save_nestlevel;
 
    /*
     * sanity checks
     */
    Assert(RelationIsValid(indexRelation));
    Assert(PointerIsValid(indexRelation->rd_indam));
    Assert(PointerIsValid(indexRelation->rd_indam->ambuild));
    Assert(PointerIsValid(indexRelation->rd_indam->ambuildempty));
 
    /*
     * Determine worker process details for parallel CREATE INDEX.  Currently,
     * only btree has support for parallel builds.
     *
     * Note that planner considers parallel safety for us.
     */
    if (parallel && IsNormalProcessingMode() &&
        indexRelation->rd_rel->relam == BTREE_AM_OID)
        indexInfo->ii_ParallelWorkers =
            plan_create_index_workers(RelationGetRelid(heapRelation),
                                      RelationGetRelid(indexRelation));
 
    if (indexInfo->ii_ParallelWorkers == 0)
        ereport(DEBUG1,
                (errmsg_internal("building index \"%s\" on table \"%s\" serially",
                                 RelationGetRelationName(indexRelation),
                                 RelationGetRelationName(heapRelation))));
    else
        ereport(DEBUG1,
                (errmsg_internal("building index \"%s\" on table \"%s\" with request for %d parallel workers",
                                 RelationGetRelationName(indexRelation),
                                 RelationGetRelationName(heapRelation),
                                 indexInfo->ii_ParallelWorkers)));
 
    /*
     * Switch to the table owner's userid, so that any index functions are run
     * as that user.  Also lock down security-restricted operations and
     * arrange to make GUC variable changes local to this command.
     */
    GetUserIdAndSecContext(&save_userid, &save_sec_context);
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(heapRelation->rd_rel->relowner,
                           save_sec_context | SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION);
    save_nestlevel = NewGUCNestLevel();
 
    /* Set up initial progress report status */
    {
        const int   progress_index[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_SUBPHASE,
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_DONE,
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_TOTAL,
            PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_DONE,
            PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_TOTAL
        };
        const int64 progress_vals[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_BUILD,
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_SUBPHASE_INITIALIZE,
            0, 0, 0, 0
        };
 
        pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(6, progress_index, progress_vals);
    }
 
    /*
     * Call the access method's build procedure
     */
    stats = indexRelation->rd_indam->ambuild(heapRelation, indexRelation,
                                             indexInfo);
    Assert(PointerIsValid(stats));
 
    /*
     * If this is an unlogged index, we may need to write out an init fork for
     * it -- but we must first check whether one already exists.  If, for
     * example, an unlogged relation is truncated in the transaction that
     * created it, or truncated twice in a subsequent transaction, the
     * relfilenumber won't change, and nothing needs to be done here.
     */
    if (indexRelation->rd_rel->relpersistence == RELPERSISTENCE_UNLOGGED &&
        !smgrexists(RelationGetSmgr(indexRelation), INIT_FORKNUM))
    {
        smgrcreate(RelationGetSmgr(indexRelation), INIT_FORKNUM, false);
        log_smgrcreate(&indexRelation->rd_locator, INIT_FORKNUM);
        indexRelation->rd_indam->ambuildempty(indexRelation);
    }
 
    /*
     * If we found any potentially broken HOT chains, mark the index as not
     * being usable until the current transaction is below the event horizon.
     * See src/backend/access/heap/README.HOT for discussion.  While it might
     * become safe to use the index earlier based on actual cleanup activity
     * and other active transactions, the test for that would be much more
     * complex and would require some form of blocking, so keep it simple and
     * fast by just using the current transaction.
     *
     * However, when reindexing an existing index, we should do nothing here.
     * Any HOT chains that are broken with respect to the index must predate
     * the index's original creation, so there is no need to change the
     * index's usability horizon.  Moreover, we *must not* try to change the
     * index's pg_index entry while reindexing pg_index itself, and this
     * optimization nicely prevents that.  The more complex rules needed for a
     * reindex are handled separately after this function returns.
     *
     * We also need not set indcheckxmin during a concurrent index build,
     * because we won't set indisvalid true until all transactions that care
     * about the broken HOT chains are gone.
     *
     * Therefore, this code path can only be taken during non-concurrent
     * CREATE INDEX.  Thus the fact that heap_update will set the pg_index
     * tuple's xmin doesn't matter, because that tuple was created in the
     * current transaction anyway.  That also means we don't need to worry
     * about any concurrent readers of the tuple; no other transaction can see
     * it yet.
     */
    if (indexInfo->ii_BrokenHotChain &&
        !isreindex &&
        !indexInfo->ii_Concurrent)
    {
        Oid         indexId = RelationGetRelid(indexRelation);
        Relation    pg_index;
        HeapTuple   indexTuple;
        Form_pg_index indexForm;
 
        pg_index = table_open(IndexRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
        indexTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(INDEXRELID,
                                         ObjectIdGetDatum(indexId));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(indexTuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for index %u", indexId);
        indexForm = (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(indexTuple);
 
        /* If it's a new index, indcheckxmin shouldn't be set ... */
        Assert(!indexForm->indcheckxmin);
 
        indexForm->indcheckxmin = true;
        CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_index, &indexTuple->t_self, indexTuple);
 
        heap_freetuple(indexTuple);
        table_close(pg_index, RowExclusiveLock);
    }
 
    /*
     * Update heap and index pg_class rows
     */
    index_update_stats(heapRelation,
                       true,
                       stats->heap_tuples);
 
    index_update_stats(indexRelation,
                       false,
                       stats->index_tuples);
 
    /* Make the updated catalog row versions visible */
    CommandCounterIncrement();
 
    /*
     * If it's for an exclusion constraint, make a second pass over the heap
     * to verify that the constraint is satisfied.  We must not do this until
     * the index is fully valid.  (Broken HOT chains shouldn't matter, though;
     * see comments for IndexCheckExclusion.)
     */
    if (indexInfo->ii_ExclusionOps != NULL)
        IndexCheckExclusion(heapRelation, indexRelation, indexInfo);
 
    /* Roll back any GUC changes executed by index functions */
    AtEOXact_GUC(false, save_nestlevel);
 
    /* Restore userid and security context */
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(save_userid, save_sec_context);
}

References IndexAmRoutine::ambuild, IndexAmRoutine::ambuildempty, Assert(), AtEOXact_GUC(), CatalogTupleUpdate(), CommandCounterIncrement(), DEBUG1, elog(), ereport, errmsg_internal(), ERROR, GETSTRUCT, GetUserIdAndSecContext(), heap_freetuple(), IndexBuildResult::heap_tuples, HeapTupleIsValid, IndexInfo::ii_BrokenHotChain, IndexInfo::ii_Concurrent, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionOps, IndexInfo::ii_ParallelWorkers, IndexBuildResult::index_tuples, index_update_stats(), IndexCheckExclusion(), INDEXRELID, INIT_FORKNUM, IsNormalProcessingMode, log_smgrcreate(), NewGUCNestLevel(), ObjectIdGetDatum(), pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(), plan_create_index_workers(), PointerIsValid, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_BUILD, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_SUBPHASE, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_SUBPHASE_INITIALIZE, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_DONE, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_TOTAL, PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_DONE, PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_TOTAL, RelationData::rd_indam, RelationData::rd_locator, RelationData::rd_rel, RelationGetRelationName, RelationGetRelid, RelationGetSmgr(), RelationIsValid, RowExclusiveLock, SearchSysCacheCopy1, SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION, SetUserIdAndSecContext(), smgrcreate(), smgrexists(), HeapTupleData::t_self, table_close(), and table_open().

Referenced by build_indices(), index_concurrently_build(), index_create(), reindex_index(), and RelationTruncateIndexes().

index_check_primary_key()

void index_check_primary_key	(	Relation	heapRel,
		const IndexInfo *	indexInfo,
		bool	is_alter_table,
		const IndexStmt *	stmt
	)

Definition at line 206 of file index.c.

{
    int         i;
 
    /*
     * If ALTER TABLE or CREATE TABLE .. PARTITION OF, check that there isn't
     * already a PRIMARY KEY.  In CREATE TABLE for an ordinary relation, we
     * have faith that the parser rejected multiple pkey clauses; and CREATE
     * INDEX doesn't have a way to say PRIMARY KEY, so it's no problem either.
     */
    if ((is_alter_table || heapRel->rd_rel->relispartition) &&
        relationHasPrimaryKey(heapRel))
    {
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TABLE_DEFINITION),
                 errmsg("multiple primary keys for table \"%s\" are not allowed",
                        RelationGetRelationName(heapRel))));
    }
 
    /*
     * Indexes created with NULLS NOT DISTINCT cannot be used for primary key
     * constraints. While there is no direct syntax to reach here, it can be
     * done by creating a separate index and attaching it via ALTER TABLE ..
     * USING INDEX.
     */
    if (indexInfo->ii_NullsNotDistinct)
    {
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TABLE_DEFINITION),
                 errmsg("primary keys cannot use NULLS NOT DISTINCT indexes")));
    }
 
    /*
     * Check that all of the attributes in a primary key are marked as not
     * null.  (We don't really expect to see that; it'd mean the parser messed
     * up.  But it seems wise to check anyway.)
     */
    for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs; i++)
    {
        AttrNumber  attnum = indexInfo->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i];
        HeapTuple   atttuple;
        Form_pg_attribute attform;
 
        if (attnum == 0)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                     errmsg("primary keys cannot be expressions")));
 
        /* System attributes are never null, so no need to check */
        if (attnum < 0)
            continue;
 
        atttuple = SearchSysCache2(ATTNUM,
                                   ObjectIdGetDatum(RelationGetRelid(heapRel)),
                                   Int16GetDatum(attnum));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(atttuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for attribute %d of relation %u",
                 attnum, RelationGetRelid(heapRel));
        attform = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(atttuple);
 
        if (!attform->attnotnull)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_TABLE_DEFINITION),
                     errmsg("primary key column \"%s\" is not marked NOT NULL",
                            NameStr(attform->attname))));
 
        ReleaseSysCache(atttuple);
    }
}

References attnum, ATTNUM, elog(), ereport, errcode(), errmsg(), ERROR, GETSTRUCT, HeapTupleIsValid, i, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, IndexInfo::ii_NullsNotDistinct, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs, Int16GetDatum(), NameStr, ObjectIdGetDatum(), RelationData::rd_rel, RelationGetRelationName, RelationGetRelid, relationHasPrimaryKey(), ReleaseSysCache(), and SearchSysCache2().

Referenced by ATExecAddIndexConstraint(), and DefineIndex().

index_concurrently_build()

void index_concurrently_build	(	Oid	heapRelationId,
		Oid	indexRelationId
	)

Definition at line 1449 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    heapRel;
    Oid         save_userid;
    int         save_sec_context;
    int         save_nestlevel;
    Relation    indexRelation;
    IndexInfo  *indexInfo;
 
    /* This had better make sure that a snapshot is active */
    Assert(ActiveSnapshotSet());
 
    /* Open and lock the parent heap relation */
    heapRel = table_open(heapRelationId, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * Switch to the table owner's userid, so that any index functions are run
     * as that user.  Also lock down security-restricted operations and
     * arrange to make GUC variable changes local to this command.
     */
    GetUserIdAndSecContext(&save_userid, &save_sec_context);
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(heapRel->rd_rel->relowner,
                           save_sec_context | SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION);
    save_nestlevel = NewGUCNestLevel();
 
    indexRelation = index_open(indexRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * We have to re-build the IndexInfo struct, since it was lost in the
     * commit of the transaction where this concurrent index was created at
     * the catalog level.
     */
    indexInfo = BuildIndexInfo(indexRelation);
    Assert(!indexInfo->ii_ReadyForInserts);
    indexInfo->ii_Concurrent = true;
    indexInfo->ii_BrokenHotChain = false;
 
    /* Now build the index */
    index_build(heapRel, indexRelation, indexInfo, false, true);
 
    /* Roll back any GUC changes executed by index functions */
    AtEOXact_GUC(false, save_nestlevel);
 
    /* Restore userid and security context */
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(save_userid, save_sec_context);
 
    /* Close both the relations, but keep the locks */
    table_close(heapRel, NoLock);
    index_close(indexRelation, NoLock);
 
    /*
     * Update the pg_index row to mark the index as ready for inserts. Once we
     * commit this transaction, any new transactions that open the table must
     * insert new entries into the index for insertions and non-HOT updates.
     */
    index_set_state_flags(indexRelationId, INDEX_CREATE_SET_READY);
}

References ActiveSnapshotSet(), Assert(), AtEOXact_GUC(), BuildIndexInfo(), GetUserIdAndSecContext(), IndexInfo::ii_BrokenHotChain, IndexInfo::ii_Concurrent, IndexInfo::ii_ReadyForInserts, index_build(), index_close(), INDEX_CREATE_SET_READY, index_open(), index_set_state_flags(), NewGUCNestLevel(), NoLock, RelationData::rd_rel, RowExclusiveLock, SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION, SetUserIdAndSecContext(), ShareUpdateExclusiveLock, table_close(), and table_open().

Referenced by DefineIndex(), and ReindexRelationConcurrently().

index_concurrently_create_copy()

Oid index_concurrently_create_copy	(	Relation	heapRelation,
		Oid	oldIndexId,
		Oid	tablespaceOid,
		const char *	newName
	)

Definition at line 1282 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    indexRelation;
    IndexInfo  *oldInfo,
               *newInfo;
    Oid         newIndexId = InvalidOid;
    HeapTuple   indexTuple,
                classTuple;
    Datum       indclassDatum,
                colOptionDatum,
                optionDatum;
    oidvector  *indclass;
    int2vector *indcoloptions;
    bool        isnull;
    List       *indexColNames = NIL;
    List       *indexExprs = NIL;
    List       *indexPreds = NIL;
 
    indexRelation = index_open(oldIndexId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /* The new index needs some information from the old index */
    oldInfo = BuildIndexInfo(indexRelation);
 
    /*
     * Concurrent build of an index with exclusion constraints is not
     * supported.
     */
    if (oldInfo->ii_ExclusionOps != NULL)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("concurrent index creation for exclusion constraints is not supported")));
 
    /* Get the array of class and column options IDs from index info */
    indexTuple = SearchSysCache1(INDEXRELID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oldIndexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(indexTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for index %u", oldIndexId);
    indclassDatum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(INDEXRELID, indexTuple,
                                           Anum_pg_index_indclass);
    indclass = (oidvector *) DatumGetPointer(indclassDatum);
 
    colOptionDatum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(INDEXRELID, indexTuple,
                                            Anum_pg_index_indoption);
    indcoloptions = (int2vector *) DatumGetPointer(colOptionDatum);
 
    /* Fetch options of index if any */
    classTuple = SearchSysCache1(RELOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(oldIndexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(classTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for relation %u", oldIndexId);
    optionDatum = SysCacheGetAttr(RELOID, classTuple,
                                  Anum_pg_class_reloptions, &isnull);
 
    /*
     * Fetch the list of expressions and predicates directly from the
     * catalogs.  This cannot rely on the information from IndexInfo of the
     * old index as these have been flattened for the planner.
     */
    if (oldInfo->ii_Expressions != NIL)
    {
        Datum       exprDatum;
        char       *exprString;
 
        exprDatum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(INDEXRELID, indexTuple,
                                           Anum_pg_index_indexprs);
        exprString = TextDatumGetCString(exprDatum);
        indexExprs = (List *) stringToNode(exprString);
        pfree(exprString);
    }
    if (oldInfo->ii_Predicate != NIL)
    {
        Datum       predDatum;
        char       *predString;
 
        predDatum = SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(INDEXRELID, indexTuple,
                                           Anum_pg_index_indpred);
        predString = TextDatumGetCString(predDatum);
        indexPreds = (List *) stringToNode(predString);
 
        /* Also convert to implicit-AND format */
        indexPreds = make_ands_implicit((Expr *) indexPreds);
        pfree(predString);
    }
 
    /*
     * Build the index information for the new index.  Note that rebuild of
     * indexes with exclusion constraints is not supported, hence there is no
     * need to fill all the ii_Exclusion* fields.
     */
    newInfo = makeIndexInfo(oldInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs,
                            oldInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs,
                            oldInfo->ii_Am,
                            indexExprs,
                            indexPreds,
                            oldInfo->ii_Unique,
                            oldInfo->ii_NullsNotDistinct,
                            false,  /* not ready for inserts */
                            true,
                            indexRelation->rd_indam->amsummarizing);
 
    /*
     * Extract the list of column names and the column numbers for the new
     * index information.  All this information will be used for the index
     * creation.
     */
    for (int i = 0; i < oldInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs; i++)
    {
        TupleDesc   indexTupDesc = RelationGetDescr(indexRelation);
        Form_pg_attribute att = TupleDescAttr(indexTupDesc, i);
 
        indexColNames = lappend(indexColNames, NameStr(att->attname));
        newInfo->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] = oldInfo->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i];
    }
 
    /* Extract opclass parameters for each attribute, if any */
    if (oldInfo->ii_OpclassOptions != NULL)
    {
        newInfo->ii_OpclassOptions = palloc0(sizeof(Datum) *
                                             newInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs);
        for (int i = 0; i < newInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs; i++)
            newInfo->ii_OpclassOptions[i] = get_attoptions(oldIndexId, i + 1);
    }
 
    /*
     * Now create the new index.
     *
     * For a partition index, we adjust the partition dependency later, to
     * ensure a consistent state at all times.  That is why parentIndexRelid
     * is not set here.
     */
    newIndexId = index_create(heapRelation,
                              newName,
                              InvalidOid,   /* indexRelationId */
                              InvalidOid,   /* parentIndexRelid */
                              InvalidOid,   /* parentConstraintId */
                              InvalidRelFileNumber, /* relFileNumber */
                              newInfo,
                              indexColNames,
                              indexRelation->rd_rel->relam,
                              tablespaceOid,
                              indexRelation->rd_indcollation,
                              indclass->values,
                              indcoloptions->values,
                              optionDatum,
                              INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD | INDEX_CREATE_CONCURRENT,
                              0,
                              true, /* allow table to be a system catalog? */
                              false,    /* is_internal? */
                              NULL);
 
    /* Close the relations used and clean up */
    index_close(indexRelation, NoLock);
    ReleaseSysCache(indexTuple);
    ReleaseSysCache(classTuple);
 
    return newIndexId;
}

References IndexAmRoutine::amsummarizing, BuildIndexInfo(), DatumGetPointer(), elog(), ereport, errcode(), errmsg(), ERROR, get_attoptions(), HeapTupleIsValid, i, IndexInfo::ii_Am, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionOps, IndexInfo::ii_Expressions, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, IndexInfo::ii_NullsNotDistinct, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexAttrs, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs, IndexInfo::ii_OpclassOptions, IndexInfo::ii_Predicate, IndexInfo::ii_Unique, index_close(), index_create(), INDEX_CREATE_CONCURRENT, INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD, index_open(), INDEXRELID, InvalidOid, InvalidRelFileNumber, lappend(), make_ands_implicit(), makeIndexInfo(), NameStr, NIL, NoLock, ObjectIdGetDatum(), palloc0(), pfree(), RelationData::rd_indam, RelationData::rd_indcollation, RelationData::rd_rel, RelationGetDescr, ReleaseSysCache(), RELOID, RowExclusiveLock, SearchSysCache1(), stringToNode(), SysCacheGetAttr(), SysCacheGetAttrNotNull(), TextDatumGetCString, TupleDescAttr, int2vector::values, and oidvector::values.

Referenced by ReindexRelationConcurrently().

index_concurrently_set_dead()

void index_concurrently_set_dead	(	Oid	heapId,
		Oid	indexId
	)

Definition at line 1842 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    userHeapRelation;
    Relation    userIndexRelation;
 
    /*
     * No more predicate locks will be acquired on this index, and we're about
     * to stop doing inserts into the index which could show conflicts with
     * existing predicate locks, so now is the time to move them to the heap
     * relation.
     */
    userHeapRelation = table_open(heapId, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
    userIndexRelation = index_open(indexId, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
    TransferPredicateLocksToHeapRelation(userIndexRelation);
 
    /*
     * Now we are sure that nobody uses the index for queries; they just might
     * have it open for updating it.  So now we can unset indisready and
     * indislive, then wait till nobody could be using it at all anymore.
     */
    index_set_state_flags(indexId, INDEX_DROP_SET_DEAD);
 
    /*
     * Invalidate the relcache for the table, so that after this commit all
     * sessions will refresh the table's index list.  Forgetting just the
     * index's relcache entry is not enough.
     */
    CacheInvalidateRelcache(userHeapRelation);
 
    /*
     * Close the relations again, though still holding session lock.
     */
    table_close(userHeapRelation, NoLock);
    index_close(userIndexRelation, NoLock);
}

References CacheInvalidateRelcache(), index_close(), INDEX_DROP_SET_DEAD, index_open(), index_set_state_flags(), NoLock, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock, table_close(), table_open(), and TransferPredicateLocksToHeapRelation().

Referenced by index_drop(), and ReindexRelationConcurrently().

index_concurrently_swap()

void index_concurrently_swap	(	Oid	newIndexId,
		Oid	oldIndexId,
		const char *	oldName
	)

Definition at line 1515 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    pg_class,
                pg_index,
                pg_constraint,
                pg_trigger;
    Relation    oldClassRel,
                newClassRel;
    HeapTuple   oldClassTuple,
                newClassTuple;
    Form_pg_class oldClassForm,
                newClassForm;
    HeapTuple   oldIndexTuple,
                newIndexTuple;
    Form_pg_index oldIndexForm,
                newIndexForm;
    bool        isPartition;
    Oid         indexConstraintOid;
    List       *constraintOids = NIL;
    ListCell   *lc;
 
    /*
     * Take a necessary lock on the old and new index before swapping them.
     */
    oldClassRel = relation_open(oldIndexId, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
    newClassRel = relation_open(newIndexId, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
 
    /* Now swap names and dependencies of those indexes */
    pg_class = table_open(RelationRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    oldClassTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID,
                                        ObjectIdGetDatum(oldIndexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(oldClassTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for relation %u", oldIndexId);
    newClassTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(RELOID,
                                        ObjectIdGetDatum(newIndexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(newClassTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for relation %u", newIndexId);
 
    oldClassForm = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(oldClassTuple);
    newClassForm = (Form_pg_class) GETSTRUCT(newClassTuple);
 
    /* Swap the names */
    namestrcpy(&newClassForm->relname, NameStr(oldClassForm->relname));
    namestrcpy(&oldClassForm->relname, oldName);
 
    /* Swap the partition flags to track inheritance properly */
    isPartition = newClassForm->relispartition;
    newClassForm->relispartition = oldClassForm->relispartition;
    oldClassForm->relispartition = isPartition;
 
    CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_class, &oldClassTuple->t_self, oldClassTuple);
    CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_class, &newClassTuple->t_self, newClassTuple);
 
    heap_freetuple(oldClassTuple);
    heap_freetuple(newClassTuple);
 
    /* Now swap index info */
    pg_index = table_open(IndexRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    oldIndexTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(INDEXRELID,
                                        ObjectIdGetDatum(oldIndexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(oldIndexTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for relation %u", oldIndexId);
    newIndexTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(INDEXRELID,
                                        ObjectIdGetDatum(newIndexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(newIndexTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for relation %u", newIndexId);
 
    oldIndexForm = (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(oldIndexTuple);
    newIndexForm = (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(newIndexTuple);
 
    /*
     * Copy constraint flags from the old index. This is safe because the old
     * index guaranteed uniqueness.
     */
    newIndexForm->indisprimary = oldIndexForm->indisprimary;
    oldIndexForm->indisprimary = false;
    newIndexForm->indisexclusion = oldIndexForm->indisexclusion;
    oldIndexForm->indisexclusion = false;
    newIndexForm->indimmediate = oldIndexForm->indimmediate;
    oldIndexForm->indimmediate = true;
 
    /* Preserve indisreplident in the new index */
    newIndexForm->indisreplident = oldIndexForm->indisreplident;
 
    /* Preserve indisclustered in the new index */
    newIndexForm->indisclustered = oldIndexForm->indisclustered;
 
    /*
     * Mark the new index as valid, and the old index as invalid similarly to
     * what index_set_state_flags() does.
     */
    newIndexForm->indisvalid = true;
    oldIndexForm->indisvalid = false;
    oldIndexForm->indisclustered = false;
    oldIndexForm->indisreplident = false;
 
    CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_index, &oldIndexTuple->t_self, oldIndexTuple);
    CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_index, &newIndexTuple->t_self, newIndexTuple);
 
    heap_freetuple(oldIndexTuple);
    heap_freetuple(newIndexTuple);
 
    /*
     * Move constraints and triggers over to the new index
     */
 
    constraintOids = get_index_ref_constraints(oldIndexId);
 
    indexConstraintOid = get_index_constraint(oldIndexId);
 
    if (OidIsValid(indexConstraintOid))
        constraintOids = lappend_oid(constraintOids, indexConstraintOid);
 
    pg_constraint = table_open(ConstraintRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
    pg_trigger = table_open(TriggerRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    foreach(lc, constraintOids)
    {
        HeapTuple   constraintTuple,
                    triggerTuple;
        Form_pg_constraint conForm;
        ScanKeyData key[1];
        SysScanDesc scan;
        Oid         constraintOid = lfirst_oid(lc);
 
        /* Move the constraint from the old to the new index */
        constraintTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(CONSTROID,
                                              ObjectIdGetDatum(constraintOid));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(constraintTuple))
            elog(ERROR, "could not find tuple for constraint %u", constraintOid);
 
        conForm = ((Form_pg_constraint) GETSTRUCT(constraintTuple));
 
        if (conForm->conindid == oldIndexId)
        {
            conForm->conindid = newIndexId;
 
            CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_constraint, &constraintTuple->t_self, constraintTuple);
        }
 
        heap_freetuple(constraintTuple);
 
        /* Search for trigger records */
        ScanKeyInit(&key[0],
                    Anum_pg_trigger_tgconstraint,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(constraintOid));
 
        scan = systable_beginscan(pg_trigger, TriggerConstraintIndexId, true,
                                  NULL, 1, key);
 
        while (HeapTupleIsValid((triggerTuple = systable_getnext(scan))))
        {
            Form_pg_trigger tgForm = (Form_pg_trigger) GETSTRUCT(triggerTuple);
 
            if (tgForm->tgconstrindid != oldIndexId)
                continue;
 
            /* Make a modifiable copy */
            triggerTuple = heap_copytuple(triggerTuple);
            tgForm = (Form_pg_trigger) GETSTRUCT(triggerTuple);
 
            tgForm->tgconstrindid = newIndexId;
 
            CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_trigger, &triggerTuple->t_self, triggerTuple);
 
            heap_freetuple(triggerTuple);
        }
 
        systable_endscan(scan);
    }
 
    /*
     * Move comment if any
     */
    {
        Relation    description;
        ScanKeyData skey[3];
        SysScanDesc sd;
        HeapTuple   tuple;
        Datum       values[Natts_pg_description] = {0};
        bool        nulls[Natts_pg_description] = {0};
        bool        replaces[Natts_pg_description] = {0};
 
        values[Anum_pg_description_objoid - 1] = ObjectIdGetDatum(newIndexId);
        replaces[Anum_pg_description_objoid - 1] = true;
 
        ScanKeyInit(&skey[0],
                    Anum_pg_description_objoid,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(oldIndexId));
        ScanKeyInit(&skey[1],
                    Anum_pg_description_classoid,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(RelationRelationId));
        ScanKeyInit(&skey[2],
                    Anum_pg_description_objsubid,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_INT4EQ,
                    Int32GetDatum(0));
 
        description = table_open(DescriptionRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
        sd = systable_beginscan(description, DescriptionObjIndexId, true,
                                NULL, 3, skey);
 
        while ((tuple = systable_getnext(sd)) != NULL)
        {
            tuple = heap_modify_tuple(tuple, RelationGetDescr(description),
                                      values, nulls, replaces);
            CatalogTupleUpdate(description, &tuple->t_self, tuple);
 
            break;              /* Assume there can be only one match */
        }
 
        systable_endscan(sd);
        table_close(description, NoLock);
    }
 
    /*
     * Swap inheritance relationship with parent index
     */
    if (get_rel_relispartition(oldIndexId))
    {
        List       *ancestors = get_partition_ancestors(oldIndexId);
        Oid         parentIndexRelid = linitial_oid(ancestors);
 
        DeleteInheritsTuple(oldIndexId, parentIndexRelid, false, NULL);
        StoreSingleInheritance(newIndexId, parentIndexRelid, 1);
 
        list_free(ancestors);
    }
 
    /*
     * Swap all dependencies of and on the old index to the new one, and
     * vice-versa.  Note that a call to CommandCounterIncrement() would cause
     * duplicate entries in pg_depend, so this should not be done.
     */
    changeDependenciesOf(RelationRelationId, newIndexId, oldIndexId);
    changeDependenciesOn(RelationRelationId, newIndexId, oldIndexId);
 
    changeDependenciesOf(RelationRelationId, oldIndexId, newIndexId);
    changeDependenciesOn(RelationRelationId, oldIndexId, newIndexId);
 
    /* copy over statistics from old to new index */
    pgstat_copy_relation_stats(newClassRel, oldClassRel);
 
    /* Copy data of pg_statistic from the old index to the new one */
    CopyStatistics(oldIndexId, newIndexId);
 
    /* Copy pg_attribute.attstattarget for each index attribute */
    {
        HeapTuple   attrTuple;
        Relation    pg_attribute;
        SysScanDesc scan;
        ScanKeyData key[1];
 
        pg_attribute = table_open(AttributeRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
        ScanKeyInit(&key[0],
                    Anum_pg_attribute_attrelid,
                    BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                    ObjectIdGetDatum(newIndexId));
        scan = systable_beginscan(pg_attribute, AttributeRelidNumIndexId,
                                  true, NULL, 1, key);
 
        while (HeapTupleIsValid((attrTuple = systable_getnext(scan))))
        {
            Form_pg_attribute att = (Form_pg_attribute) GETSTRUCT(attrTuple);
            Datum       repl_val[Natts_pg_attribute];
            bool        repl_null[Natts_pg_attribute];
            bool        repl_repl[Natts_pg_attribute];
            int         attstattarget;
            HeapTuple   newTuple;
 
            /* Ignore dropped columns */
            if (att->attisdropped)
                continue;
 
            /*
             * Get attstattarget from the old index and refresh the new value.
             */
            attstattarget = get_attstattarget(oldIndexId, att->attnum);
 
            /* no need for a refresh if both match */
            if (attstattarget == att->attstattarget)
                continue;
 
            memset(repl_val, 0, sizeof(repl_val));
            memset(repl_null, false, sizeof(repl_null));
            memset(repl_repl, false, sizeof(repl_repl));
 
            repl_repl[Anum_pg_attribute_attstattarget - 1] = true;
            repl_val[Anum_pg_attribute_attstattarget - 1] = Int16GetDatum(attstattarget);
 
            newTuple = heap_modify_tuple(attrTuple,
                                         RelationGetDescr(pg_attribute),
                                         repl_val, repl_null, repl_repl);
            CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_attribute, &newTuple->t_self, newTuple);
 
            heap_freetuple(newTuple);
        }
 
        systable_endscan(scan);
        table_close(pg_attribute, RowExclusiveLock);
    }
 
    /* Close relations */
    table_close(pg_class, RowExclusiveLock);
    table_close(pg_index, RowExclusiveLock);
    table_close(pg_constraint, RowExclusiveLock);
    table_close(pg_trigger, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /* The lock taken previously is not released until the end of transaction */
    relation_close(oldClassRel, NoLock);
    relation_close(newClassRel, NoLock);
}

References BTEqualStrategyNumber, CatalogTupleUpdate(), changeDependenciesOf(), changeDependenciesOn(), CONSTROID, CopyStatistics(), DeleteInheritsTuple(), description, elog(), ERROR, get_attstattarget(), get_index_constraint(), get_index_ref_constraints(), get_partition_ancestors(), get_rel_relispartition(), GETSTRUCT, heap_copytuple(), heap_freetuple(), heap_modify_tuple(), HeapTupleIsValid, INDEXRELID, Int16GetDatum(), Int32GetDatum(), sort-test::key, lappend_oid(), lfirst_oid, linitial_oid, list_free(), NameStr, namestrcpy(), NIL, NoLock, ObjectIdGetDatum(), OidIsValid, pgstat_copy_relation_stats(), relation_close(), relation_open(), RelationGetDescr, RELOID, RowExclusiveLock, ScanKeyInit(), SearchSysCacheCopy1, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock, StoreSingleInheritance(), systable_beginscan(), systable_endscan(), systable_getnext(), HeapTupleData::t_self, table_close(), table_open(), and values.

Referenced by ReindexRelationConcurrently().

index_constraint_create()

ObjectAddress index_constraint_create	(	Relation	heapRelation,
		Oid	indexRelationId,
		Oid	parentConstraintId,
		const IndexInfo *	indexInfo,
		const char *	constraintName,
		char	constraintType,
		bits16	constr_flags,
		bool	allow_system_table_mods,
		bool	is_internal
	)

Definition at line 1903 of file index.c.

{
    Oid         namespaceId = RelationGetNamespace(heapRelation);
    ObjectAddress myself,
                idxaddr;
    Oid         conOid;
    bool        deferrable;
    bool        initdeferred;
    bool        mark_as_primary;
    bool        islocal;
    bool        noinherit;
    int         inhcount;
 
    deferrable = (constr_flags & INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_DEFERRABLE) != 0;
    initdeferred = (constr_flags & INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_INIT_DEFERRED) != 0;
    mark_as_primary = (constr_flags & INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_MARK_AS_PRIMARY) != 0;
 
    /* constraint creation support doesn't work while bootstrapping */
    Assert(!IsBootstrapProcessingMode());
 
    /* enforce system-table restriction */
    if (!allow_system_table_mods &&
        IsSystemRelation(heapRelation) &&
        IsNormalProcessingMode())
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("user-defined indexes on system catalog tables are not supported")));
 
    /* primary/unique constraints shouldn't have any expressions */
    if (indexInfo->ii_Expressions &&
        constraintType != CONSTRAINT_EXCLUSION)
        elog(ERROR, "constraints cannot have index expressions");
 
    /*
     * If we're manufacturing a constraint for a pre-existing index, we need
     * to get rid of the existing auto dependencies for the index (the ones
     * that index_create() would have made instead of calling this function).
     *
     * Note: this code would not necessarily do the right thing if the index
     * has any expressions or predicate, but we'd never be turning such an
     * index into a UNIQUE or PRIMARY KEY constraint.
     */
    if (constr_flags & INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_REMOVE_OLD_DEPS)
        deleteDependencyRecordsForClass(RelationRelationId, indexRelationId,
                                        RelationRelationId, DEPENDENCY_AUTO);
 
    if (OidIsValid(parentConstraintId))
    {
        islocal = false;
        inhcount = 1;
        noinherit = false;
    }
    else
    {
        islocal = true;
        inhcount = 0;
        noinherit = true;
    }
 
    /*
     * Construct a pg_constraint entry.
     */
    conOid = CreateConstraintEntry(constraintName,
                                   namespaceId,
                                   constraintType,
                                   deferrable,
                                   initdeferred,
                                   true,
                                   parentConstraintId,
                                   RelationGetRelid(heapRelation),
                                   indexInfo->ii_IndexAttrNumbers,
                                   indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs,
                                   indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs,
                                   InvalidOid,  /* no domain */
                                   indexRelationId, /* index OID */
                                   InvalidOid,  /* no foreign key */
                                   NULL,
                                   NULL,
                                   NULL,
                                   NULL,
                                   0,
                                   ' ',
                                   ' ',
                                   NULL,
                                   0,
                                   ' ',
                                   indexInfo->ii_ExclusionOps,
                                   NULL,    /* no check constraint */
                                   NULL,
                                   islocal,
                                   inhcount,
                                   noinherit,
                                   is_internal);
 
    /*
     * Register the index as internally dependent on the constraint.
     *
     * Note that the constraint has a dependency on the table, so we don't
     * need (or want) any direct dependency from the index to the table.
     */
    ObjectAddressSet(myself, ConstraintRelationId, conOid);
    ObjectAddressSet(idxaddr, RelationRelationId, indexRelationId);
    recordDependencyOn(&idxaddr, &myself, DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL);
 
    /*
     * Also, if this is a constraint on a partition, give it partition-type
     * dependencies on the parent constraint as well as the table.
     */
    if (OidIsValid(parentConstraintId))
    {
        ObjectAddress referenced;
 
        ObjectAddressSet(referenced, ConstraintRelationId, parentConstraintId);
        recordDependencyOn(&myself, &referenced, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_PRI);
        ObjectAddressSet(referenced, RelationRelationId,
                         RelationGetRelid(heapRelation));
        recordDependencyOn(&myself, &referenced, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_SEC);
    }
 
    /*
     * If the constraint is deferrable, create the deferred uniqueness
     * checking trigger.  (The trigger will be given an internal dependency on
     * the constraint by CreateTrigger.)
     */
    if (deferrable)
    {
        CreateTrigStmt *trigger = makeNode(CreateTrigStmt);
 
        trigger->replace = false;
        trigger->isconstraint = true;
        trigger->trigname = (constraintType == CONSTRAINT_PRIMARY) ?
            "PK_ConstraintTrigger" :
            "Unique_ConstraintTrigger";
        trigger->relation = NULL;
        trigger->funcname = SystemFuncName("unique_key_recheck");
        trigger->args = NIL;
        trigger->row = true;
        trigger->timing = TRIGGER_TYPE_AFTER;
        trigger->events = TRIGGER_TYPE_INSERT | TRIGGER_TYPE_UPDATE;
        trigger->columns = NIL;
        trigger->whenClause = NULL;
        trigger->transitionRels = NIL;
        trigger->deferrable = true;
        trigger->initdeferred = initdeferred;
        trigger->constrrel = NULL;
 
        (void) CreateTrigger(trigger, NULL, RelationGetRelid(heapRelation),
                             InvalidOid, conOid, indexRelationId, InvalidOid,
                             InvalidOid, NULL, true, false);
    }
 
    /*
     * If needed, mark the index as primary and/or deferred in pg_index.
     *
     * Note: When making an existing index into a constraint, caller must have
     * a table lock that prevents concurrent table updates; otherwise, there
     * is a risk that concurrent readers of the table will miss seeing this
     * index at all.
     */
    if ((constr_flags & INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_UPDATE_INDEX) &&
        (mark_as_primary || deferrable))
    {
        Relation    pg_index;
        HeapTuple   indexTuple;
        Form_pg_index indexForm;
        bool        dirty = false;
        bool        marked_as_primary = false;
 
        pg_index = table_open(IndexRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
        indexTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(INDEXRELID,
                                         ObjectIdGetDatum(indexRelationId));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(indexTuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for index %u", indexRelationId);
        indexForm = (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(indexTuple);
 
        if (mark_as_primary && !indexForm->indisprimary)
        {
            indexForm->indisprimary = true;
            dirty = true;
            marked_as_primary = true;
        }
 
        if (deferrable && indexForm->indimmediate)
        {
            indexForm->indimmediate = false;
            dirty = true;
        }
 
        if (dirty)
        {
            CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_index, &indexTuple->t_self, indexTuple);
 
            /*
             * When we mark an existing index as primary, force a relcache
             * flush on its parent table, so that all sessions will become
             * aware that the table now has a primary key.  This is important
             * because it affects some replication behaviors.
             */
            if (marked_as_primary)
                CacheInvalidateRelcache(heapRelation);
 
            InvokeObjectPostAlterHookArg(IndexRelationId, indexRelationId, 0,
                                         InvalidOid, is_internal);
        }
 
        heap_freetuple(indexTuple);
        table_close(pg_index, RowExclusiveLock);
    }
 
    return myself;
}

References CreateTrigStmt::args, Assert(), CacheInvalidateRelcache(), CatalogTupleUpdate(), CreateTrigStmt::columns, CreateTrigStmt::constrrel, CreateConstraintEntry(), CreateTrigger(), CreateTrigStmt::deferrable, deleteDependencyRecordsForClass(), DEPENDENCY_AUTO, DEPENDENCY_INTERNAL, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_PRI, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_SEC, elog(), ereport, errcode(), errmsg(), ERROR, CreateTrigStmt::events, CreateTrigStmt::funcname, GETSTRUCT, heap_freetuple(), HeapTupleIsValid, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionOps, IndexInfo::ii_Expressions, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexAttrs, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs, INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_DEFERRABLE, INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_INIT_DEFERRED, INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_MARK_AS_PRIMARY, INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_REMOVE_OLD_DEPS, INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_UPDATE_INDEX, INDEXRELID, CreateTrigStmt::initdeferred, InvalidOid, InvokeObjectPostAlterHookArg, IsBootstrapProcessingMode, CreateTrigStmt::isconstraint, IsNormalProcessingMode, IsSystemRelation(), makeNode, NIL, ObjectAddressSet, ObjectIdGetDatum(), OidIsValid, recordDependencyOn(), CreateTrigStmt::relation, RelationGetNamespace, RelationGetRelid, CreateTrigStmt::replace, CreateTrigStmt::row, RowExclusiveLock, SearchSysCacheCopy1, SystemFuncName(), HeapTupleData::t_self, table_close(), table_open(), CreateTrigStmt::timing, CreateTrigStmt::transitionRels, CreateTrigStmt::trigname, and CreateTrigStmt::whenClause.

Referenced by ATExecAddIndexConstraint(), and index_create().

index_create()

Oid index_create	(	Relation	heapRelation,
		const char *	indexRelationName,
		Oid	indexRelationId,
		Oid	parentIndexRelid,
		Oid	parentConstraintId,
		RelFileNumber	relFileNumber,
		IndexInfo *	indexInfo,
		const List *	indexColNames,
		Oid	accessMethodId,
		Oid	tableSpaceId,
		const Oid *	collationIds,
		const Oid *	opclassIds,
		const int16 *	coloptions,
		Datum	reloptions,
		bits16	flags,
		bits16	constr_flags,
		bool	allow_system_table_mods,
		bool	is_internal,
		Oid *	constraintId
	)

Definition at line 711 of file index.c.

{
    Oid         heapRelationId = RelationGetRelid(heapRelation);
    Relation    pg_class;
    Relation    indexRelation;
    TupleDesc   indexTupDesc;
    bool        shared_relation;
    bool        mapped_relation;
    bool        is_exclusion;
    Oid         namespaceId;
    int         i;
    char        relpersistence;
    bool        isprimary = (flags & INDEX_CREATE_IS_PRIMARY) != 0;
    bool        invalid = (flags & INDEX_CREATE_INVALID) != 0;
    bool        concurrent = (flags & INDEX_CREATE_CONCURRENT) != 0;
    bool        partitioned = (flags & INDEX_CREATE_PARTITIONED) != 0;
    char        relkind;
    TransactionId relfrozenxid;
    MultiXactId relminmxid;
    bool        create_storage = !RelFileNumberIsValid(relFileNumber);
 
    /* constraint flags can only be set when a constraint is requested */
    Assert((constr_flags == 0) ||
           ((flags & INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT) != 0));
    /* partitioned indexes must never be "built" by themselves */
    Assert(!partitioned || (flags & INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD));
 
    relkind = partitioned ? RELKIND_PARTITIONED_INDEX : RELKIND_INDEX;
    is_exclusion = (indexInfo->ii_ExclusionOps != NULL);
 
    pg_class = table_open(RelationRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * The index will be in the same namespace as its parent table, and is
     * shared across databases if and only if the parent is.  Likewise, it
     * will use the relfilenumber map if and only if the parent does; and it
     * inherits the parent's relpersistence.
     */
    namespaceId = RelationGetNamespace(heapRelation);
    shared_relation = heapRelation->rd_rel->relisshared;
    mapped_relation = RelationIsMapped(heapRelation);
    relpersistence = heapRelation->rd_rel->relpersistence;
 
    /*
     * check parameters
     */
    if (indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs < 1)
        elog(ERROR, "must index at least one column");
 
    if (!allow_system_table_mods &&
        IsSystemRelation(heapRelation) &&
        IsNormalProcessingMode())
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("user-defined indexes on system catalog tables are not supported")));
 
    /*
     * Btree text_pattern_ops uses text_eq as the equality operator, which is
     * fine as long as the collation is deterministic; text_eq then reduces to
     * bitwise equality and so it is semantically compatible with the other
     * operators and functions in that opclass.  But with a nondeterministic
     * collation, text_eq could yield results that are incompatible with the
     * actual behavior of the index (which is determined by the opclass's
     * comparison function).  We prevent such problems by refusing creation of
     * an index with that opclass and a nondeterministic collation.
     *
     * The same applies to varchar_pattern_ops and bpchar_pattern_ops.  If we
     * find more cases, we might decide to create a real mechanism for marking
     * opclasses as incompatible with nondeterminism; but for now, this small
     * hack suffices.
     *
     * Another solution is to use a special operator, not text_eq, as the
     * equality opclass member; but that is undesirable because it would
     * prevent index usage in many queries that work fine today.
     */
    for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs; i++)
    {
        Oid         collation = collationIds[i];
        Oid         opclass = opclassIds[i];
 
        if (collation)
        {
            if ((opclass == TEXT_BTREE_PATTERN_OPS_OID ||
                 opclass == VARCHAR_BTREE_PATTERN_OPS_OID ||
                 opclass == BPCHAR_BTREE_PATTERN_OPS_OID) &&
                !get_collation_isdeterministic(collation))
            {
                HeapTuple   classtup;
 
                classtup = SearchSysCache1(CLAOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(opclass));
                if (!HeapTupleIsValid(classtup))
                    elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for operator class %u", opclass);
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                         errmsg("nondeterministic collations are not supported for operator class \"%s\"",
                                NameStr(((Form_pg_opclass) GETSTRUCT(classtup))->opcname))));
                ReleaseSysCache(classtup);
            }
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * Concurrent index build on a system catalog is unsafe because we tend to
     * release locks before committing in catalogs.
     */
    if (concurrent &&
        IsCatalogRelation(heapRelation))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("concurrent index creation on system catalog tables is not supported")));
 
    /*
     * This case is currently not supported.  There's no way to ask for it in
     * the grammar with CREATE INDEX, but it can happen with REINDEX.
     */
    if (concurrent && is_exclusion)
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("concurrent index creation for exclusion constraints is not supported")));
 
    /*
     * We cannot allow indexing a shared relation after initdb (because
     * there's no way to make the entry in other databases' pg_class).
     */
    if (shared_relation && !IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_OBJECT_NOT_IN_PREREQUISITE_STATE),
                 errmsg("shared indexes cannot be created after initdb")));
 
    /*
     * Shared relations must be in pg_global, too (last-ditch check)
     */
    if (shared_relation && tableSpaceId != GLOBALTABLESPACE_OID)
        elog(ERROR, "shared relations must be placed in pg_global tablespace");
 
    /*
     * Check for duplicate name (both as to the index, and as to the
     * associated constraint if any).  Such cases would fail on the relevant
     * catalogs' unique indexes anyway, but we prefer to give a friendlier
     * error message.
     */
    if (get_relname_relid(indexRelationName, namespaceId))
    {
        if ((flags & INDEX_CREATE_IF_NOT_EXISTS) != 0)
        {
            ereport(NOTICE,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_TABLE),
                     errmsg("relation \"%s\" already exists, skipping",
                            indexRelationName)));
            table_close(pg_class, RowExclusiveLock);
            return InvalidOid;
        }
 
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_TABLE),
                 errmsg("relation \"%s\" already exists",
                        indexRelationName)));
    }
 
    if ((flags & INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT) != 0 &&
        ConstraintNameIsUsed(CONSTRAINT_RELATION, heapRelationId,
                             indexRelationName))
    {
        /*
         * INDEX_CREATE_IF_NOT_EXISTS does not apply here, since the
         * conflicting constraint is not an index.
         */
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_OBJECT),
                 errmsg("constraint \"%s\" for relation \"%s\" already exists",
                        indexRelationName, RelationGetRelationName(heapRelation))));
    }
 
    /*
     * construct tuple descriptor for index tuples
     */
    indexTupDesc = ConstructTupleDescriptor(heapRelation,
                                            indexInfo,
                                            indexColNames,
                                            accessMethodId,
                                            collationIds,
                                            opclassIds);
 
    /*
     * Allocate an OID for the index, unless we were told what to use.
     *
     * The OID will be the relfilenumber as well, so make sure it doesn't
     * collide with either pg_class OIDs or existing physical files.
     */
    if (!OidIsValid(indexRelationId))
    {
        /* Use binary-upgrade override for pg_class.oid and relfilenumber */
        if (IsBinaryUpgrade)
        {
            if (!OidIsValid(binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_oid))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
                         errmsg("pg_class index OID value not set when in binary upgrade mode")));
 
            indexRelationId = binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_oid;
            binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_oid = InvalidOid;
 
            /* Override the index relfilenumber */
            if ((relkind == RELKIND_INDEX) &&
                (!RelFileNumberIsValid(binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_relfilenumber)))
                ereport(ERROR,
                        (errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
                         errmsg("index relfilenumber value not set when in binary upgrade mode")));
            relFileNumber = binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_relfilenumber;
            binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_relfilenumber = InvalidRelFileNumber;
 
            /*
             * Note that we want create_storage = true for binary upgrade. The
             * storage we create here will be replaced later, but we need to
             * have something on disk in the meanwhile.
             */
            Assert(create_storage);
        }
        else
        {
            indexRelationId =
                GetNewRelFileNumber(tableSpaceId, pg_class, relpersistence);
        }
    }
 
    /*
     * create the index relation's relcache entry and, if necessary, the
     * physical disk file. (If we fail further down, it's the smgr's
     * responsibility to remove the disk file again, if any.)
     */
    indexRelation = heap_create(indexRelationName,
                                namespaceId,
                                tableSpaceId,
                                indexRelationId,
                                relFileNumber,
                                accessMethodId,
                                indexTupDesc,
                                relkind,
                                relpersistence,
                                shared_relation,
                                mapped_relation,
                                allow_system_table_mods,
                                &relfrozenxid,
                                &relminmxid,
                                create_storage);
 
    Assert(relfrozenxid == InvalidTransactionId);
    Assert(relminmxid == InvalidMultiXactId);
    Assert(indexRelationId == RelationGetRelid(indexRelation));
 
    /*
     * Obtain exclusive lock on it.  Although no other transactions can see it
     * until we commit, this prevents deadlock-risk complaints from lock
     * manager in cases such as CLUSTER.
     */
    LockRelation(indexRelation, AccessExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * Fill in fields of the index's pg_class entry that are not set correctly
     * by heap_create.
     *
     * XXX should have a cleaner way to create cataloged indexes
     */
    indexRelation->rd_rel->relowner = heapRelation->rd_rel->relowner;
    indexRelation->rd_rel->relam = accessMethodId;
    indexRelation->rd_rel->relispartition = OidIsValid(parentIndexRelid);
 
    /*
     * store index's pg_class entry
     */
    InsertPgClassTuple(pg_class, indexRelation,
                       RelationGetRelid(indexRelation),
                       (Datum) 0,
                       reloptions);
 
    /* done with pg_class */
    table_close(pg_class, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * now update the object id's of all the attribute tuple forms in the
     * index relation's tuple descriptor
     */
    InitializeAttributeOids(indexRelation,
                            indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs,
                            indexRelationId);
 
    /*
     * append ATTRIBUTE tuples for the index
     */
    AppendAttributeTuples(indexRelation, indexInfo->ii_OpclassOptions);
 
    /* ----------------
     *    update pg_index
     *    (append INDEX tuple)
     *
     *    Note that this stows away a representation of "predicate".
     *    (Or, could define a rule to maintain the predicate) --Nels, Feb '92
     * ----------------
     */
    UpdateIndexRelation(indexRelationId, heapRelationId, parentIndexRelid,
                        indexInfo,
                        collationIds, opclassIds, coloptions,
                        isprimary, is_exclusion,
                        (constr_flags & INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_DEFERRABLE) == 0,
                        !concurrent && !invalid,
                        !concurrent);
 
    /*
     * Register relcache invalidation on the indexes' heap relation, to
     * maintain consistency of its index list
     */
    CacheInvalidateRelcache(heapRelation);
 
    /* update pg_inherits and the parent's relhassubclass, if needed */
    if (OidIsValid(parentIndexRelid))
    {
        StoreSingleInheritance(indexRelationId, parentIndexRelid, 1);
        SetRelationHasSubclass(parentIndexRelid, true);
    }
 
    /*
     * Register constraint and dependencies for the index.
     *
     * If the index is from a CONSTRAINT clause, construct a pg_constraint
     * entry.  The index will be linked to the constraint, which in turn is
     * linked to the table.  If it's not a CONSTRAINT, we need to make a
     * dependency directly on the table.
     *
     * We don't need a dependency on the namespace, because there'll be an
     * indirect dependency via our parent table.
     *
     * During bootstrap we can't register any dependencies, and we don't try
     * to make a constraint either.
     */
    if (!IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
    {
        ObjectAddress myself,
                    referenced;
        ObjectAddresses *addrs;
 
        ObjectAddressSet(myself, RelationRelationId, indexRelationId);
 
        if ((flags & INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT) != 0)
        {
            char        constraintType;
            ObjectAddress localaddr;
 
            if (isprimary)
                constraintType = CONSTRAINT_PRIMARY;
            else if (indexInfo->ii_Unique)
                constraintType = CONSTRAINT_UNIQUE;
            else if (is_exclusion)
                constraintType = CONSTRAINT_EXCLUSION;
            else
            {
                elog(ERROR, "constraint must be PRIMARY, UNIQUE or EXCLUDE");
                constraintType = 0; /* keep compiler quiet */
            }
 
            localaddr = index_constraint_create(heapRelation,
                                                indexRelationId,
                                                parentConstraintId,
                                                indexInfo,
                                                indexRelationName,
                                                constraintType,
                                                constr_flags,
                                                allow_system_table_mods,
                                                is_internal);
            if (constraintId)
                *constraintId = localaddr.objectId;
        }
        else
        {
            bool        have_simple_col = false;
 
            addrs = new_object_addresses();
 
            /* Create auto dependencies on simply-referenced columns */
            for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexAttrs; i++)
            {
                if (indexInfo->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i] != 0)
                {
                    ObjectAddressSubSet(referenced, RelationRelationId,
                                        heapRelationId,
                                        indexInfo->ii_IndexAttrNumbers[i]);
                    add_exact_object_address(&referenced, addrs);
                    have_simple_col = true;
                }
            }
 
            /*
             * If there are no simply-referenced columns, give the index an
             * auto dependency on the whole table.  In most cases, this will
             * be redundant, but it might not be if the index expressions and
             * predicate contain no Vars or only whole-row Vars.
             */
            if (!have_simple_col)
            {
                ObjectAddressSet(referenced, RelationRelationId,
                                 heapRelationId);
                add_exact_object_address(&referenced, addrs);
            }
 
            record_object_address_dependencies(&myself, addrs, DEPENDENCY_AUTO);
            free_object_addresses(addrs);
        }
 
        /*
         * If this is an index partition, create partition dependencies on
         * both the parent index and the table.  (Note: these must be *in
         * addition to*, not instead of, all other dependencies.  Otherwise
         * we'll be short some dependencies after DETACH PARTITION.)
         */
        if (OidIsValid(parentIndexRelid))
        {
            ObjectAddressSet(referenced, RelationRelationId, parentIndexRelid);
            recordDependencyOn(&myself, &referenced, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_PRI);
 
            ObjectAddressSet(referenced, RelationRelationId, heapRelationId);
            recordDependencyOn(&myself, &referenced, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_SEC);
        }
 
        /* placeholder for normal dependencies */
        addrs = new_object_addresses();
 
        /* Store dependency on collations */
 
        /* The default collation is pinned, so don't bother recording it */
        for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs; i++)
        {
            if (OidIsValid(collationIds[i]) && collationIds[i] != DEFAULT_COLLATION_OID)
            {
                ObjectAddressSet(referenced, CollationRelationId, collationIds[i]);
                add_exact_object_address(&referenced, addrs);
            }
        }
 
        /* Store dependency on operator classes */
        for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs; i++)
        {
            ObjectAddressSet(referenced, OperatorClassRelationId, opclassIds[i]);
            add_exact_object_address(&referenced, addrs);
        }
 
        record_object_address_dependencies(&myself, addrs, DEPENDENCY_NORMAL);
        free_object_addresses(addrs);
 
        /* Store dependencies on anything mentioned in index expressions */
        if (indexInfo->ii_Expressions)
        {
            recordDependencyOnSingleRelExpr(&myself,
                                            (Node *) indexInfo->ii_Expressions,
                                            heapRelationId,
                                            DEPENDENCY_NORMAL,
                                            DEPENDENCY_AUTO, false);
        }
 
        /* Store dependencies on anything mentioned in predicate */
        if (indexInfo->ii_Predicate)
        {
            recordDependencyOnSingleRelExpr(&myself,
                                            (Node *) indexInfo->ii_Predicate,
                                            heapRelationId,
                                            DEPENDENCY_NORMAL,
                                            DEPENDENCY_AUTO, false);
        }
    }
    else
    {
        /* Bootstrap mode - assert we weren't asked for constraint support */
        Assert((flags & INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT) == 0);
    }
 
    /* Post creation hook for new index */
    InvokeObjectPostCreateHookArg(RelationRelationId,
                                  indexRelationId, 0, is_internal);
 
    /*
     * Advance the command counter so that we can see the newly-entered
     * catalog tuples for the index.
     */
    CommandCounterIncrement();
 
    /*
     * In bootstrap mode, we have to fill in the index strategy structure with
     * information from the catalogs.  If we aren't bootstrapping, then the
     * relcache entry has already been rebuilt thanks to sinval update during
     * CommandCounterIncrement.
     */
    if (IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
        RelationInitIndexAccessInfo(indexRelation);
    else
        Assert(indexRelation->rd_indexcxt != NULL);
 
    indexRelation->rd_index->indnkeyatts = indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs;
 
    /* Validate opclass-specific options */
    if (indexInfo->ii_OpclassOptions)
        for (i = 0; i < indexInfo->ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs; i++)
            (void) index_opclass_options(indexRelation, i + 1,
                                         indexInfo->ii_OpclassOptions[i],
                                         true);
 
    /*
     * If this is bootstrap (initdb) time, then we don't actually fill in the
     * index yet.  We'll be creating more indexes and classes later, so we
     * delay filling them in until just before we're done with bootstrapping.
     * Similarly, if the caller specified to skip the build then filling the
     * index is delayed till later (ALTER TABLE can save work in some cases
     * with this).  Otherwise, we call the AM routine that constructs the
     * index.
     */
    if (IsBootstrapProcessingMode())
    {
        index_register(heapRelationId, indexRelationId, indexInfo);
    }
    else if ((flags & INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD) != 0)
    {
        /*
         * Caller is responsible for filling the index later on.  However,
         * we'd better make sure that the heap relation is correctly marked as
         * having an index.
         */
        index_update_stats(heapRelation,
                           true,
                           -1.0);
        /* Make the above update visible */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
    else
    {
        index_build(heapRelation, indexRelation, indexInfo, false, true);
    }
 
    /*
     * Close the index; but we keep the lock that we acquired above until end
     * of transaction.  Closing the heap is caller's responsibility.
     */
    index_close(indexRelation, NoLock);
 
    return indexRelationId;
}

References AccessExclusiveLock, add_exact_object_address(), AppendAttributeTuples(), Assert(), binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_oid, binary_upgrade_next_index_pg_class_relfilenumber, CacheInvalidateRelcache(), CLAOID, CommandCounterIncrement(), CONSTRAINT_RELATION, ConstraintNameIsUsed(), ConstructTupleDescriptor(), DEPENDENCY_AUTO, DEPENDENCY_NORMAL, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_PRI, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_SEC, elog(), ereport, errcode(), ERRCODE_DUPLICATE_OBJECT, errmsg(), ERROR, free_object_addresses(), get_collation_isdeterministic(), get_relname_relid(), GetNewRelFileNumber(), GETSTRUCT, heap_create(), HeapTupleIsValid, i, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionOps, IndexInfo::ii_Expressions, IndexInfo::ii_IndexAttrNumbers, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexAttrs, IndexInfo::ii_NumIndexKeyAttrs, IndexInfo::ii_OpclassOptions, IndexInfo::ii_Predicate, IndexInfo::ii_Unique, index_build(), index_close(), INDEX_CONSTR_CREATE_DEFERRABLE, index_constraint_create(), INDEX_CREATE_ADD_CONSTRAINT, INDEX_CREATE_CONCURRENT, INDEX_CREATE_IF_NOT_EXISTS, INDEX_CREATE_INVALID, INDEX_CREATE_IS_PRIMARY, INDEX_CREATE_PARTITIONED, INDEX_CREATE_SKIP_BUILD, index_opclass_options(), index_register(), index_update_stats(), InitializeAttributeOids(), InsertPgClassTuple(), invalid, InvalidMultiXactId, InvalidOid, InvalidRelFileNumber, InvalidTransactionId, InvokeObjectPostCreateHookArg, IsBinaryUpgrade, IsBootstrapProcessingMode, IsCatalogRelation(), IsNormalProcessingMode, IsSystemRelation(), LockRelation(), NameStr, new_object_addresses(), NoLock, NOTICE, ObjectAddressSet, ObjectAddressSubSet, ObjectAddress::objectId, ObjectIdGetDatum(), OidIsValid, RelationData::rd_index, RelationData::rd_indexcxt, RelationData::rd_rel, record_object_address_dependencies(), recordDependencyOn(), recordDependencyOnSingleRelExpr(), RelationGetNamespace, RelationGetRelationName, RelationGetRelid, RelationInitIndexAccessInfo(), RelationIsMapped, ReleaseSysCache(), RelFileNumberIsValid, RowExclusiveLock, SearchSysCache1(), SetRelationHasSubclass(), StoreSingleInheritance(), table_close(), table_open(), and UpdateIndexRelation().

Referenced by create_toast_table(), DefineIndex(), and index_concurrently_create_copy().

index_drop()

void index_drop	(	Oid	indexId,
		bool	concurrent,
		bool	concurrent_lock_mode
	)

Definition at line 2136 of file index.c.

{
    Oid         heapId;
    Relation    userHeapRelation;
    Relation    userIndexRelation;
    Relation    indexRelation;
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    bool        hasexprs;
    LockRelId   heaprelid,
                indexrelid;
    LOCKTAG     heaplocktag;
    LOCKMODE    lockmode;
 
    /*
     * A temporary relation uses a non-concurrent DROP.  Other backends can't
     * access a temporary relation, so there's no harm in grabbing a stronger
     * lock (see comments in RemoveRelations), and a non-concurrent DROP is
     * more efficient.
     */
    Assert(get_rel_persistence(indexId) != RELPERSISTENCE_TEMP ||
           (!concurrent && !concurrent_lock_mode));
 
    /*
     * To drop an index safely, we must grab exclusive lock on its parent
     * table.  Exclusive lock on the index alone is insufficient because
     * another backend might be about to execute a query on the parent table.
     * If it relies on a previously cached list of index OIDs, then it could
     * attempt to access the just-dropped index.  We must therefore take a
     * table lock strong enough to prevent all queries on the table from
     * proceeding until we commit and send out a shared-cache-inval notice
     * that will make them update their index lists.
     *
     * In the concurrent case we avoid this requirement by disabling index use
     * in multiple steps and waiting out any transactions that might be using
     * the index, so we don't need exclusive lock on the parent table. Instead
     * we take ShareUpdateExclusiveLock, to ensure that two sessions aren't
     * doing CREATE/DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY on the same index.  (We will get
     * AccessExclusiveLock on the index below, once we're sure nobody else is
     * using it.)
     */
    heapId = IndexGetRelation(indexId, false);
    lockmode = (concurrent || concurrent_lock_mode) ? ShareUpdateExclusiveLock : AccessExclusiveLock;
    userHeapRelation = table_open(heapId, lockmode);
    userIndexRelation = index_open(indexId, lockmode);
 
    /*
     * We might still have open queries using it in our own session, which the
     * above locking won't prevent, so test explicitly.
     */
    CheckTableNotInUse(userIndexRelation, "DROP INDEX");
 
    /*
     * Drop Index Concurrently is more or less the reverse process of Create
     * Index Concurrently.
     *
     * First we unset indisvalid so queries starting afterwards don't use the
     * index to answer queries anymore.  We have to keep indisready = true so
     * transactions that are still scanning the index can continue to see
     * valid index contents.  For instance, if they are using READ COMMITTED
     * mode, and another transaction makes changes and commits, they need to
     * see those new tuples in the index.
     *
     * After all transactions that could possibly have used the index for
     * queries end, we can unset indisready and indislive, then wait till
     * nobody could be touching it anymore.  (Note: we need indislive because
     * this state must be distinct from the initial state during CREATE INDEX
     * CONCURRENTLY, which has indislive true while indisready and indisvalid
     * are false.  That's because in that state, transactions must examine the
     * index for HOT-safety decisions, while in this state we don't want them
     * to open it at all.)
     *
     * Since all predicate locks on the index are about to be made invalid, we
     * must promote them to predicate locks on the heap.  In the
     * non-concurrent case we can just do that now.  In the concurrent case
     * it's a bit trickier.  The predicate locks must be moved when there are
     * no index scans in progress on the index and no more can subsequently
     * start, so that no new predicate locks can be made on the index.  Also,
     * they must be moved before heap inserts stop maintaining the index, else
     * the conflict with the predicate lock on the index gap could be missed
     * before the lock on the heap relation is in place to detect a conflict
     * based on the heap tuple insert.
     */
    if (concurrent)
    {
        /*
         * We must commit our transaction in order to make the first pg_index
         * state update visible to other sessions.  If the DROP machinery has
         * already performed any other actions (removal of other objects,
         * pg_depend entries, etc), the commit would make those actions
         * permanent, which would leave us with inconsistent catalog state if
         * we fail partway through the following sequence.  Since DROP INDEX
         * CONCURRENTLY is restricted to dropping just one index that has no
         * dependencies, we should get here before anything's been done ---
         * but let's check that to be sure.  We can verify that the current
         * transaction has not executed any transactional updates by checking
         * that no XID has been assigned.
         */
        if (GetTopTransactionIdIfAny() != InvalidTransactionId)
            ereport(ERROR,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                     errmsg("DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY must be first action in transaction")));
 
        /*
         * Mark index invalid by updating its pg_index entry
         */
        index_set_state_flags(indexId, INDEX_DROP_CLEAR_VALID);
 
        /*
         * Invalidate the relcache for the table, so that after this commit
         * all sessions will refresh any cached plans that might reference the
         * index.
         */
        CacheInvalidateRelcache(userHeapRelation);
 
        /* save lockrelid and locktag for below, then close but keep locks */
        heaprelid = userHeapRelation->rd_lockInfo.lockRelId;
        SET_LOCKTAG_RELATION(heaplocktag, heaprelid.dbId, heaprelid.relId);
        indexrelid = userIndexRelation->rd_lockInfo.lockRelId;
 
        table_close(userHeapRelation, NoLock);
        index_close(userIndexRelation, NoLock);
 
        /*
         * We must commit our current transaction so that the indisvalid
         * update becomes visible to other transactions; then start another.
         * Note that any previously-built data structures are lost in the
         * commit.  The only data we keep past here are the relation IDs.
         *
         * Before committing, get a session-level lock on the table, to ensure
         * that neither it nor the index can be dropped before we finish. This
         * cannot block, even if someone else is waiting for access, because
         * we already have the same lock within our transaction.
         */
        LockRelationIdForSession(&heaprelid, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
        LockRelationIdForSession(&indexrelid, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
 
        PopActiveSnapshot();
        CommitTransactionCommand();
        StartTransactionCommand();
 
        /*
         * Now we must wait until no running transaction could be using the
         * index for a query.  Use AccessExclusiveLock here to check for
         * running transactions that hold locks of any kind on the table. Note
         * we do not need to worry about xacts that open the table for reading
         * after this point; they will see the index as invalid when they open
         * the relation.
         *
         * Note: the reason we use actual lock acquisition here, rather than
         * just checking the ProcArray and sleeping, is that deadlock is
         * possible if one of the transactions in question is blocked trying
         * to acquire an exclusive lock on our table.  The lock code will
         * detect deadlock and error out properly.
         *
         * Note: we report progress through WaitForLockers() unconditionally
         * here, even though it will only be used when we're called by REINDEX
         * CONCURRENTLY and not when called by DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY.
         */
        WaitForLockers(heaplocktag, AccessExclusiveLock, true);
 
        /* Finish invalidation of index and mark it as dead */
        index_concurrently_set_dead(heapId, indexId);
 
        /*
         * Again, commit the transaction to make the pg_index update visible
         * to other sessions.
         */
        CommitTransactionCommand();
        StartTransactionCommand();
 
        /*
         * Wait till every transaction that saw the old index state has
         * finished.  See above about progress reporting.
         */
        WaitForLockers(heaplocktag, AccessExclusiveLock, true);
 
        /*
         * Re-open relations to allow us to complete our actions.
         *
         * At this point, nothing should be accessing the index, but lets
         * leave nothing to chance and grab AccessExclusiveLock on the index
         * before the physical deletion.
         */
        userHeapRelation = table_open(heapId, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
        userIndexRelation = index_open(indexId, AccessExclusiveLock);
    }
    else
    {
        /* Not concurrent, so just transfer predicate locks and we're good */
        TransferPredicateLocksToHeapRelation(userIndexRelation);
    }
 
    /*
     * Schedule physical removal of the files (if any)
     */
    if (RELKIND_HAS_STORAGE(userIndexRelation->rd_rel->relkind))
        RelationDropStorage(userIndexRelation);
 
    /* ensure that stats are dropped if transaction commits */
    pgstat_drop_relation(userIndexRelation);
 
    /*
     * Close and flush the index's relcache entry, to ensure relcache doesn't
     * try to rebuild it while we're deleting catalog entries. We keep the
     * lock though.
     */
    index_close(userIndexRelation, NoLock);
 
    RelationForgetRelation(indexId);
 
    /*
     * fix INDEX relation, and check for expressional index
     */
    indexRelation = table_open(IndexRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(INDEXRELID, ObjectIdGetDatum(indexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for index %u", indexId);
 
    hasexprs = !heap_attisnull(tuple, Anum_pg_index_indexprs,
                               RelationGetDescr(indexRelation));
 
    CatalogTupleDelete(indexRelation, &tuple->t_self);
 
    ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    table_close(indexRelation, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * if it has any expression columns, we might have stored statistics about
     * them.
     */
    if (hasexprs)
        RemoveStatistics(indexId, 0);
 
    /*
     * fix ATTRIBUTE relation
     */
    DeleteAttributeTuples(indexId);
 
    /*
     * fix RELATION relation
     */
    DeleteRelationTuple(indexId);
 
    /*
     * fix INHERITS relation
     */
    DeleteInheritsTuple(indexId, InvalidOid, false, NULL);
 
    /*
     * We are presently too lazy to attempt to compute the new correct value
     * of relhasindex (the next VACUUM will fix it if necessary). So there is
     * no need to update the pg_class tuple for the owning relation. But we
     * must send out a shared-cache-inval notice on the owning relation to
     * ensure other backends update their relcache lists of indexes.  (In the
     * concurrent case, this is redundant but harmless.)
     */
    CacheInvalidateRelcache(userHeapRelation);
 
    /*
     * Close owning rel, but keep lock
     */
    table_close(userHeapRelation, NoLock);
 
    /*
     * Release the session locks before we go.
     */
    if (concurrent)
    {
        UnlockRelationIdForSession(&heaprelid, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
        UnlockRelationIdForSession(&indexrelid, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
    }
}

References AccessExclusiveLock, Assert(), CacheInvalidateRelcache(), CatalogTupleDelete(), CheckTableNotInUse(), CommitTransactionCommand(), LockRelId::dbId, DeleteAttributeTuples(), DeleteInheritsTuple(), DeleteRelationTuple(), elog(), ereport, errcode(), errmsg(), ERROR, get_rel_persistence(), GetTopTransactionIdIfAny(), heap_attisnull(), HeapTupleIsValid, index_close(), index_concurrently_set_dead(), INDEX_DROP_CLEAR_VALID, index_open(), index_set_state_flags(), IndexGetRelation(), INDEXRELID, InvalidOid, InvalidTransactionId, LockRelationIdForSession(), LockInfoData::lockRelId, NoLock, ObjectIdGetDatum(), pgstat_drop_relation(), PopActiveSnapshot(), RelationData::rd_lockInfo, RelationData::rd_rel, RelationDropStorage(), RelationForgetRelation(), RelationGetDescr, ReleaseSysCache(), LockRelId::relId, RemoveStatistics(), RowExclusiveLock, SearchSysCache1(), SET_LOCKTAG_RELATION, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock, StartTransactionCommand(), HeapTupleData::t_self, table_close(), table_open(), TransferPredicateLocksToHeapRelation(), UnlockRelationIdForSession(), and WaitForLockers().

Referenced by doDeletion().

index_set_state_flags()

void index_set_state_flags	(	Oid	indexId,
		IndexStateFlagsAction	action
	)

Definition at line 3459 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    pg_index;
    HeapTuple   indexTuple;
    Form_pg_index indexForm;
 
    /* Open pg_index and fetch a writable copy of the index's tuple */
    pg_index = table_open(IndexRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    indexTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(INDEXRELID,
                                     ObjectIdGetDatum(indexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(indexTuple))
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for index %u", indexId);
    indexForm = (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(indexTuple);
 
    /* Perform the requested state change on the copy */
    switch (action)
    {
        case INDEX_CREATE_SET_READY:
            /* Set indisready during a CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY sequence */
            Assert(indexForm->indislive);
            Assert(!indexForm->indisready);
            Assert(!indexForm->indisvalid);
            indexForm->indisready = true;
            break;
        case INDEX_CREATE_SET_VALID:
            /* Set indisvalid during a CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY sequence */
            Assert(indexForm->indislive);
            Assert(indexForm->indisready);
            Assert(!indexForm->indisvalid);
            indexForm->indisvalid = true;
            break;
        case INDEX_DROP_CLEAR_VALID:
 
            /*
             * Clear indisvalid during a DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY sequence
             *
             * If indisready == true we leave it set so the index still gets
             * maintained by active transactions.  We only need to ensure that
             * indisvalid is false.  (We don't assert that either is initially
             * true, though, since we want to be able to retry a DROP INDEX
             * CONCURRENTLY that failed partway through.)
             *
             * Note: the CLUSTER logic assumes that indisclustered cannot be
             * set on any invalid index, so clear that flag too.  For
             * cleanliness, also clear indisreplident.
             */
            indexForm->indisvalid = false;
            indexForm->indisclustered = false;
            indexForm->indisreplident = false;
            break;
        case INDEX_DROP_SET_DEAD:
 
            /*
             * Clear indisready/indislive during DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY
             *
             * We clear both indisready and indislive, because we not only
             * want to stop updates, we want to prevent sessions from touching
             * the index at all.
             */
            Assert(!indexForm->indisvalid);
            Assert(!indexForm->indisclustered);
            Assert(!indexForm->indisreplident);
            indexForm->indisready = false;
            indexForm->indislive = false;
            break;
    }
 
    /* ... and update it */
    CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_index, &indexTuple->t_self, indexTuple);
 
    table_close(pg_index, RowExclusiveLock);
}

References generate_unaccent_rules::action, Assert(), CatalogTupleUpdate(), elog(), ERROR, GETSTRUCT, HeapTupleIsValid, INDEX_CREATE_SET_READY, INDEX_CREATE_SET_VALID, INDEX_DROP_CLEAR_VALID, INDEX_DROP_SET_DEAD, INDEXRELID, ObjectIdGetDatum(), RowExclusiveLock, SearchSysCacheCopy1, HeapTupleData::t_self, table_close(), and table_open().

Referenced by DefineIndex(), index_concurrently_build(), index_concurrently_set_dead(), and index_drop().

IndexGetRelation()

Oid IndexGetRelation	(	Oid	indexId,
		bool	missing_ok
	)

Definition at line 3539 of file index.c.

{
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    Form_pg_index index;
    Oid         result;
 
    tuple = SearchSysCache1(INDEXRELID, ObjectIdGetDatum(indexId));
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        if (missing_ok)
            return InvalidOid;
        elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for index %u", indexId);
    }
    index = (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
    Assert(index->indexrelid == indexId);
 
    result = index->indrelid;
    ReleaseSysCache(tuple);
    return result;
}

References Assert(), elog(), ERROR, GETSTRUCT, HeapTupleIsValid, INDEXRELID, InvalidOid, ObjectIdGetDatum(), ReleaseSysCache(), and SearchSysCache1().

Referenced by brin_desummarize_range(), brin_summarize_range(), bringetbitmap(), brinvacuumcleanup(), bt_index_check_internal(), CheckIndexCompatible(), DetachPartitionFinalize(), get_tables_to_cluster_partitioned(), index_drop(), RangeVarCallbackForAttachIndex(), RangeVarCallbackForDropRelation(), RangeVarCallbackForReindexIndex(), reindex_index(), and ReindexRelationConcurrently().

IndexSetParentIndex()

void IndexSetParentIndex	(	Relation	partitionIdx,
		Oid	parentOid
	)

Definition at line 4261 of file indexcmds.c.

{
    Relation    pg_inherits;
    ScanKeyData key[2];
    SysScanDesc scan;
    Oid         partRelid = RelationGetRelid(partitionIdx);
    HeapTuple   tuple;
    bool        fix_dependencies;
 
    /* Make sure this is an index */
    Assert(partitionIdx->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_INDEX ||
           partitionIdx->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_INDEX);
 
    /*
     * Scan pg_inherits for rows linking our index to some parent.
     */
    pg_inherits = relation_open(InheritsRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
    ScanKeyInit(&key[0],
                Anum_pg_inherits_inhrelid,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_OIDEQ,
                ObjectIdGetDatum(partRelid));
    ScanKeyInit(&key[1],
                Anum_pg_inherits_inhseqno,
                BTEqualStrategyNumber, F_INT4EQ,
                Int32GetDatum(1));
    scan = systable_beginscan(pg_inherits, InheritsRelidSeqnoIndexId, true,
                              NULL, 2, key);
    tuple = systable_getnext(scan);
 
    if (!HeapTupleIsValid(tuple))
    {
        if (parentOid == InvalidOid)
        {
            /*
             * No pg_inherits row, and no parent wanted: nothing to do in this
             * case.
             */
            fix_dependencies = false;
        }
        else
        {
            StoreSingleInheritance(partRelid, parentOid, 1);
            fix_dependencies = true;
        }
    }
    else
    {
        Form_pg_inherits inhForm = (Form_pg_inherits) GETSTRUCT(tuple);
 
        if (parentOid == InvalidOid)
        {
            /*
             * There exists a pg_inherits row, which we want to clear; do so.
             */
            CatalogTupleDelete(pg_inherits, &tuple->t_self);
            fix_dependencies = true;
        }
        else
        {
            /*
             * A pg_inherits row exists.  If it's the same we want, then we're
             * good; if it differs, that amounts to a corrupt catalog and
             * should not happen.
             */
            if (inhForm->inhparent != parentOid)
            {
                /* unexpected: we should not get called in this case */
                elog(ERROR, "bogus pg_inherit row: inhrelid %u inhparent %u",
                     inhForm->inhrelid, inhForm->inhparent);
            }
 
            /* already in the right state */
            fix_dependencies = false;
        }
    }
 
    /* done with pg_inherits */
    systable_endscan(scan);
    relation_close(pg_inherits, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /* set relhassubclass if an index partition has been added to the parent */
    if (OidIsValid(parentOid))
        SetRelationHasSubclass(parentOid, true);
 
    /* set relispartition correctly on the partition */
    update_relispartition(partRelid, OidIsValid(parentOid));
 
    if (fix_dependencies)
    {
        /*
         * Insert/delete pg_depend rows.  If setting a parent, add PARTITION
         * dependencies on the parent index and the table; if removing a
         * parent, delete PARTITION dependencies.
         */
        if (OidIsValid(parentOid))
        {
            ObjectAddress partIdx;
            ObjectAddress parentIdx;
            ObjectAddress partitionTbl;
 
            ObjectAddressSet(partIdx, RelationRelationId, partRelid);
            ObjectAddressSet(parentIdx, RelationRelationId, parentOid);
            ObjectAddressSet(partitionTbl, RelationRelationId,
                             partitionIdx->rd_index->indrelid);
            recordDependencyOn(&partIdx, &parentIdx,
                               DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_PRI);
            recordDependencyOn(&partIdx, &partitionTbl,
                               DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_SEC);
        }
        else
        {
            deleteDependencyRecordsForClass(RelationRelationId, partRelid,
                                            RelationRelationId,
                                            DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_PRI);
            deleteDependencyRecordsForClass(RelationRelationId, partRelid,
                                            RelationRelationId,
                                            DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_SEC);
        }
 
        /* make our updates visible */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
}

References Assert(), BTEqualStrategyNumber, CatalogTupleDelete(), CommandCounterIncrement(), deleteDependencyRecordsForClass(), DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_PRI, DEPENDENCY_PARTITION_SEC, elog(), ERROR, fix_dependencies(), GETSTRUCT, HeapTupleIsValid, Int32GetDatum(), InvalidOid, sort-test::key, ObjectAddressSet, ObjectIdGetDatum(), OidIsValid, RelationData::rd_index, RelationData::rd_rel, recordDependencyOn(), relation_close(), relation_open(), RelationGetRelid, RowExclusiveLock, ScanKeyInit(), SetRelationHasSubclass(), StoreSingleInheritance(), systable_beginscan(), systable_endscan(), systable_getnext(), HeapTupleData::t_self, and update_relispartition().

Referenced by ATExecAttachPartitionIdx(), AttachPartitionEnsureIndexes(), DefineIndex(), and DetachPartitionFinalize().

itemptr_decode()

static void itemptr_decode ( ItemPointer  itemptr, int64  encoded  )

inlinestatic

Definition at line 206 of file index.h.

{
    BlockNumber block = (BlockNumber) (encoded >> 16);
    OffsetNumber offset = (OffsetNumber) (encoded & 0xFFFF);
 
    ItemPointerSet(itemptr, block, offset);
}

References ItemPointerSet().

Referenced by heapam_index_validate_scan().

itemptr_encode()

static int64 itemptr_encode ( ItemPointer  itemptr )

inlinestatic

Definition at line 185 of file index.h.

{
    BlockNumber block = ItemPointerGetBlockNumber(itemptr);
    OffsetNumber offset = ItemPointerGetOffsetNumber(itemptr);
    int64       encoded;
 
    /*
     * Use the 16 least significant bits for the offset.  32 adjacent bits are
     * used for the block number.  Since remaining bits are unused, there
     * cannot be negative encoded values (We assume a two's complement
     * representation).
     */
    encoded = ((uint64) block << 16) | (uint16) offset;
 
    return encoded;
}

References ItemPointerGetBlockNumber(), and ItemPointerGetOffsetNumber().

Referenced by vac_tid_reaped(), and validate_index_callback().

reindex_index()

void reindex_index	(	Oid	indexId,
		bool	skip_constraint_checks,
		char	persistence,
		const ReindexParams *	params
	)

Definition at line 3564 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    iRel,
                heapRelation;
    Oid         heapId;
    Oid         save_userid;
    int         save_sec_context;
    int         save_nestlevel;
    IndexInfo  *indexInfo;
    volatile bool skipped_constraint = false;
    PGRUsage    ru0;
    bool        progress = ((params->options & REINDEXOPT_REPORT_PROGRESS) != 0);
    bool        set_tablespace = false;
 
    pg_rusage_init(&ru0);
 
    /*
     * Open and lock the parent heap relation.  ShareLock is sufficient since
     * we only need to be sure no schema or data changes are going on.
     */
    heapId = IndexGetRelation(indexId,
                              (params->options & REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK) != 0);
    /* if relation is missing, leave */
    if (!OidIsValid(heapId))
        return;
 
    if ((params->options & REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK) != 0)
        heapRelation = try_table_open(heapId, ShareLock);
    else
        heapRelation = table_open(heapId, ShareLock);
 
    /* if relation is gone, leave */
    if (!heapRelation)
        return;
 
    /*
     * Switch to the table owner's userid, so that any index functions are run
     * as that user.  Also lock down security-restricted operations and
     * arrange to make GUC variable changes local to this command.
     */
    GetUserIdAndSecContext(&save_userid, &save_sec_context);
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(heapRelation->rd_rel->relowner,
                           save_sec_context | SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION);
    save_nestlevel = NewGUCNestLevel();
 
    if (progress)
    {
        const int   progress_cols[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_COMMAND,
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_INDEX_OID
        };
        const int64 progress_vals[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_COMMAND_REINDEX,
            indexId
        };
 
        pgstat_progress_start_command(PROGRESS_COMMAND_CREATE_INDEX,
                                      heapId);
        pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(2, progress_cols, progress_vals);
    }
 
    /*
     * Open the target index relation and get an exclusive lock on it, to
     * ensure that no one else is touching this particular index.
     */
    iRel = index_open(indexId, AccessExclusiveLock);
 
    if (progress)
        pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_ACCESS_METHOD_OID,
                                     iRel->rd_rel->relam);
 
    /*
     * Partitioned indexes should never get processed here, as they have no
     * physical storage.
     */
    if (iRel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_INDEX)
        elog(ERROR, "cannot reindex partitioned index \"%s.%s\"",
             get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(iRel)),
             RelationGetRelationName(iRel));
 
    /*
     * Don't allow reindex on temp tables of other backends ... their local
     * buffer manager is not going to cope.
     */
    if (RELATION_IS_OTHER_TEMP(iRel))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("cannot reindex temporary tables of other sessions")));
 
    /*
     * Don't allow reindex of an invalid index on TOAST table.  This is a
     * leftover from a failed REINDEX CONCURRENTLY, and if rebuilt it would
     * not be possible to drop it anymore.
     */
    if (IsToastNamespace(RelationGetNamespace(iRel)) &&
        !get_index_isvalid(indexId))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("cannot reindex invalid index on TOAST table")));
 
    /*
     * System relations cannot be moved even if allow_system_table_mods is
     * enabled to keep things consistent with the concurrent case where all
     * the indexes of a relation are processed in series, including indexes of
     * toast relations.
     *
     * Note that this check is not part of CheckRelationTableSpaceMove() as it
     * gets used for ALTER TABLE SET TABLESPACE that could cascade across
     * toast relations.
     */
    if (OidIsValid(params->tablespaceOid) &&
        IsSystemRelation(iRel))
        ereport(ERROR,
                (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                 errmsg("cannot move system relation \"%s\"",
                        RelationGetRelationName(iRel))));
 
    /* Check if the tablespace of this index needs to be changed */
    if (OidIsValid(params->tablespaceOid) &&
        CheckRelationTableSpaceMove(iRel, params->tablespaceOid))
        set_tablespace = true;
 
    /*
     * Also check for active uses of the index in the current transaction; we
     * don't want to reindex underneath an open indexscan.
     */
    CheckTableNotInUse(iRel, "REINDEX INDEX");
 
    /* Set new tablespace, if requested */
    if (set_tablespace)
    {
        /* Update its pg_class row */
        SetRelationTableSpace(iRel, params->tablespaceOid, InvalidOid);
 
        /*
         * Schedule unlinking of the old index storage at transaction commit.
         */
        RelationDropStorage(iRel);
        RelationAssumeNewRelfilelocator(iRel);
 
        /* Make sure the reltablespace change is visible */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
 
    /*
     * All predicate locks on the index are about to be made invalid. Promote
     * them to relation locks on the heap.
     */
    TransferPredicateLocksToHeapRelation(iRel);
 
    /* Fetch info needed for index_build */
    indexInfo = BuildIndexInfo(iRel);
 
    /* If requested, skip checking uniqueness/exclusion constraints */
    if (skip_constraint_checks)
    {
        if (indexInfo->ii_Unique || indexInfo->ii_ExclusionOps != NULL)
            skipped_constraint = true;
        indexInfo->ii_Unique = false;
        indexInfo->ii_ExclusionOps = NULL;
        indexInfo->ii_ExclusionProcs = NULL;
        indexInfo->ii_ExclusionStrats = NULL;
    }
 
    /* Suppress use of the target index while rebuilding it */
    SetReindexProcessing(heapId, indexId);
 
    /* Create a new physical relation for the index */
    RelationSetNewRelfilenumber(iRel, persistence);
 
    /* Initialize the index and rebuild */
    /* Note: we do not need to re-establish pkey setting */
    index_build(heapRelation, iRel, indexInfo, true, true);
 
    /* Re-allow use of target index */
    ResetReindexProcessing();
 
    /*
     * If the index is marked invalid/not-ready/dead (ie, it's from a failed
     * CREATE INDEX CONCURRENTLY, or a DROP INDEX CONCURRENTLY failed midway),
     * and we didn't skip a uniqueness check, we can now mark it valid.  This
     * allows REINDEX to be used to clean up in such cases.
     *
     * We can also reset indcheckxmin, because we have now done a
     * non-concurrent index build, *except* in the case where index_build
     * found some still-broken HOT chains. If it did, and we don't have to
     * change any of the other flags, we just leave indcheckxmin alone (note
     * that index_build won't have changed it, because this is a reindex).
     * This is okay and desirable because not updating the tuple leaves the
     * index's usability horizon (recorded as the tuple's xmin value) the same
     * as it was.
     *
     * But, if the index was invalid/not-ready/dead and there were broken HOT
     * chains, we had better force indcheckxmin true, because the normal
     * argument that the HOT chains couldn't conflict with the index is
     * suspect for an invalid index.  (A conflict is definitely possible if
     * the index was dead.  It probably shouldn't happen otherwise, but let's
     * be conservative.)  In this case advancing the usability horizon is
     * appropriate.
     *
     * Another reason for avoiding unnecessary updates here is that while
     * reindexing pg_index itself, we must not try to update tuples in it.
     * pg_index's indexes should always have these flags in their clean state,
     * so that won't happen.
     */
    if (!skipped_constraint)
    {
        Relation    pg_index;
        HeapTuple   indexTuple;
        Form_pg_index indexForm;
        bool        index_bad;
 
        pg_index = table_open(IndexRelationId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
        indexTuple = SearchSysCacheCopy1(INDEXRELID,
                                         ObjectIdGetDatum(indexId));
        if (!HeapTupleIsValid(indexTuple))
            elog(ERROR, "cache lookup failed for index %u", indexId);
        indexForm = (Form_pg_index) GETSTRUCT(indexTuple);
 
        index_bad = (!indexForm->indisvalid ||
                     !indexForm->indisready ||
                     !indexForm->indislive);
        if (index_bad ||
            (indexForm->indcheckxmin && !indexInfo->ii_BrokenHotChain))
        {
            if (!indexInfo->ii_BrokenHotChain)
                indexForm->indcheckxmin = false;
            else if (index_bad)
                indexForm->indcheckxmin = true;
            indexForm->indisvalid = true;
            indexForm->indisready = true;
            indexForm->indislive = true;
            CatalogTupleUpdate(pg_index, &indexTuple->t_self, indexTuple);
 
            /*
             * Invalidate the relcache for the table, so that after we commit
             * all sessions will refresh the table's index list.  This ensures
             * that if anyone misses seeing the pg_index row during this
             * update, they'll refresh their list before attempting any update
             * on the table.
             */
            CacheInvalidateRelcache(heapRelation);
        }
 
        table_close(pg_index, RowExclusiveLock);
    }
 
    /* Log what we did */
    if ((params->options & REINDEXOPT_VERBOSE) != 0)
        ereport(INFO,
                (errmsg("index \"%s\" was reindexed",
                        get_rel_name(indexId)),
                 errdetail_internal("%s",
                                    pg_rusage_show(&ru0))));
 
    /* Roll back any GUC changes executed by index functions */
    AtEOXact_GUC(false, save_nestlevel);
 
    /* Restore userid and security context */
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(save_userid, save_sec_context);
 
    /* Close rels, but keep locks */
    index_close(iRel, NoLock);
    table_close(heapRelation, NoLock);
 
    if (progress)
        pgstat_progress_end_command();
}

References AccessExclusiveLock, AtEOXact_GUC(), BuildIndexInfo(), CacheInvalidateRelcache(), CatalogTupleUpdate(), CheckRelationTableSpaceMove(), CheckTableNotInUse(), CommandCounterIncrement(), elog(), ereport, errcode(), errdetail_internal(), errmsg(), ERROR, get_index_isvalid(), get_namespace_name(), get_rel_name(), GETSTRUCT, GetUserIdAndSecContext(), HeapTupleIsValid, IndexInfo::ii_BrokenHotChain, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionOps, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionProcs, IndexInfo::ii_ExclusionStrats, IndexInfo::ii_Unique, index_build(), index_close(), index_open(), IndexGetRelation(), INDEXRELID, INFO, InvalidOid, IsSystemRelation(), IsToastNamespace(), NewGUCNestLevel(), NoLock, ObjectIdGetDatum(), OidIsValid, ReindexParams::options, pg_rusage_init(), pg_rusage_show(), pgstat_progress_end_command(), pgstat_progress_start_command(), pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(), pgstat_progress_update_param(), progress, PROGRESS_COMMAND_CREATE_INDEX, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_ACCESS_METHOD_OID, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_COMMAND, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_COMMAND_REINDEX, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_INDEX_OID, RelationData::rd_rel, REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK, REINDEXOPT_REPORT_PROGRESS, REINDEXOPT_VERBOSE, RELATION_IS_OTHER_TEMP, RelationAssumeNewRelfilelocator(), RelationDropStorage(), RelationGetNamespace, RelationGetRelationName, RelationSetNewRelfilenumber(), ResetReindexProcessing(), RowExclusiveLock, SearchSysCacheCopy1, SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION, SetReindexProcessing(), SetRelationTableSpace(), SetUserIdAndSecContext(), ShareLock, HeapTupleData::t_self, table_close(), table_open(), ReindexParams::tablespaceOid, TransferPredicateLocksToHeapRelation(), and try_table_open().

Referenced by reindex_relation(), ReindexIndex(), and ReindexMultipleInternal().

reindex_relation()

bool reindex_relation	(	Oid	relid,
		int	flags,
		const ReindexParams *	params
	)

Definition at line 3871 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    rel;
    Oid         toast_relid;
    List       *indexIds;
    char        persistence;
    bool        result;
    ListCell   *indexId;
    int         i;
 
    /*
     * Open and lock the relation.  ShareLock is sufficient since we only need
     * to prevent schema and data changes in it.  The lock level used here
     * should match ReindexTable().
     */
    if ((params->options & REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK) != 0)
        rel = try_table_open(relid, ShareLock);
    else
        rel = table_open(relid, ShareLock);
 
    /* if relation is gone, leave */
    if (!rel)
        return false;
 
    /*
     * Partitioned tables should never get processed here, as they have no
     * physical storage.
     */
    if (rel->rd_rel->relkind == RELKIND_PARTITIONED_TABLE)
        elog(ERROR, "cannot reindex partitioned table \"%s.%s\"",
             get_namespace_name(RelationGetNamespace(rel)),
             RelationGetRelationName(rel));
 
    toast_relid = rel->rd_rel->reltoastrelid;
 
    /*
     * Get the list of index OIDs for this relation.  (We trust to the
     * relcache to get this with a sequential scan if ignoring system
     * indexes.)
     */
    indexIds = RelationGetIndexList(rel);
 
    if (flags & REINDEX_REL_SUPPRESS_INDEX_USE)
    {
        /* Suppress use of all the indexes until they are rebuilt */
        SetReindexPending(indexIds);
 
        /*
         * Make the new heap contents visible --- now things might be
         * inconsistent!
         */
        CommandCounterIncrement();
    }
 
    /*
     * Compute persistence of indexes: same as that of owning rel, unless
     * caller specified otherwise.
     */
    if (flags & REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_UNLOGGED)
        persistence = RELPERSISTENCE_UNLOGGED;
    else if (flags & REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_PERMANENT)
        persistence = RELPERSISTENCE_PERMANENT;
    else
        persistence = rel->rd_rel->relpersistence;
 
    /* Reindex all the indexes. */
    i = 1;
    foreach(indexId, indexIds)
    {
        Oid         indexOid = lfirst_oid(indexId);
        Oid         indexNamespaceId = get_rel_namespace(indexOid);
 
        /*
         * Skip any invalid indexes on a TOAST table.  These can only be
         * duplicate leftovers from a failed REINDEX CONCURRENTLY, and if
         * rebuilt it would not be possible to drop them anymore.
         */
        if (IsToastNamespace(indexNamespaceId) &&
            !get_index_isvalid(indexOid))
        {
            ereport(WARNING,
                    (errcode(ERRCODE_FEATURE_NOT_SUPPORTED),
                     errmsg("cannot reindex invalid index \"%s.%s\" on TOAST table, skipping",
                            get_namespace_name(indexNamespaceId),
                            get_rel_name(indexOid))));
            continue;
        }
 
        reindex_index(indexOid, !(flags & REINDEX_REL_CHECK_CONSTRAINTS),
                      persistence, params);
 
        CommandCounterIncrement();
 
        /* Index should no longer be in the pending list */
        Assert(!ReindexIsProcessingIndex(indexOid));
 
        /* Set index rebuild count */
        pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CLUSTER_INDEX_REBUILD_COUNT,
                                     i);
        i++;
    }
 
    /*
     * Close rel, but continue to hold the lock.
     */
    table_close(rel, NoLock);
 
    result = (indexIds != NIL);
 
    /*
     * If the relation has a secondary toast rel, reindex that too while we
     * still hold the lock on the main table.
     */
    if ((flags & REINDEX_REL_PROCESS_TOAST) && OidIsValid(toast_relid))
    {
        /*
         * Note that this should fail if the toast relation is missing, so
         * reset REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK.  Even if a new tablespace is set for
         * the parent relation, the indexes on its toast table are not moved.
         * This rule is enforced by setting tablespaceOid to InvalidOid.
         */
        ReindexParams newparams = *params;
 
        newparams.options &= ~(REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK);
        newparams.tablespaceOid = InvalidOid;
        result |= reindex_relation(toast_relid, flags, &newparams);
    }
 
    return result;
}

References Assert(), CommandCounterIncrement(), elog(), ereport, errcode(), errmsg(), ERROR, get_index_isvalid(), get_namespace_name(), get_rel_name(), get_rel_namespace(), i, InvalidOid, IsToastNamespace(), lfirst_oid, NIL, NoLock, OidIsValid, ReindexParams::options, pgstat_progress_update_param(), PROGRESS_CLUSTER_INDEX_REBUILD_COUNT, RelationData::rd_rel, reindex_index(), REINDEX_REL_CHECK_CONSTRAINTS, REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_PERMANENT, REINDEX_REL_FORCE_INDEXES_UNLOGGED, REINDEX_REL_PROCESS_TOAST, REINDEX_REL_SUPPRESS_INDEX_USE, ReindexIsProcessingIndex(), REINDEXOPT_MISSING_OK, RelationGetIndexList(), RelationGetNamespace, RelationGetRelationName, SetReindexPending(), ShareLock, table_close(), table_open(), ReindexParams::tablespaceOid, try_table_open(), and WARNING.

Referenced by ExecuteTruncateGuts(), finish_heap_swap(), ReindexMultipleInternal(), and ReindexTable().

ReindexIsProcessingHeap()

bool ReindexIsProcessingHeap

(

Oid

heapOid

)

Definition at line 4024 of file index.c.

{
    return heapOid == currentlyReindexedHeap;
}

References currentlyReindexedHeap.

Referenced by index_update_stats().

ReindexIsProcessingIndex()

bool ReindexIsProcessingIndex

(

Oid

indexOid

)

Definition at line 4045 of file index.c.

{
    return indexOid == currentlyReindexedIndex ||
        list_member_oid(pendingReindexedIndexes, indexOid);
}

References currentlyReindexedIndex, list_member_oid(), and pendingReindexedIndexes.

Referenced by CatalogIndexInsert(), reindex_relation(), systable_beginscan(), and systable_beginscan_ordered().

ResetReindexState()

void ResetReindexState

(

int

nestLevel

)

Definition at line 4118 of file index.c.

{
    /*
     * Because reindexing is not re-entrant, we don't need to cope with nested
     * reindexing states.  We just need to avoid messing up the outer-level
     * state in case a subtransaction fails within a REINDEX.  So checking the
     * current nest level against that of the reindex operation is sufficient.
     */
    if (reindexingNestLevel >= nestLevel)
    {
        currentlyReindexedHeap = InvalidOid;
        currentlyReindexedIndex = InvalidOid;
 
        /*
         * We needn't try to release the contents of pendingReindexedIndexes;
         * that list should be in a transaction-lifespan context, so it will
         * go away automatically.
         */
        pendingReindexedIndexes = NIL;
 
        reindexingNestLevel = 0;
    }
}

References currentlyReindexedHeap, currentlyReindexedIndex, InvalidOid, NIL, pendingReindexedIndexes, and reindexingNestLevel.

Referenced by AbortSubTransaction(), and AbortTransaction().

RestoreReindexState()

void RestoreReindexState

(

const void *

reindexstate

)

Definition at line 4176 of file index.c.

{
    const SerializedReindexState *sistate = (const SerializedReindexState *) reindexstate;
    int         c = 0;
    MemoryContext oldcontext;
 
    currentlyReindexedHeap = sistate->currentlyReindexedHeap;
    currentlyReindexedIndex = sistate->currentlyReindexedIndex;
 
    Assert(pendingReindexedIndexes == NIL);
    oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(TopMemoryContext);
    for (c = 0; c < sistate->numPendingReindexedIndexes; ++c)
        pendingReindexedIndexes =
            lappend_oid(pendingReindexedIndexes,
                        sistate->pendingReindexedIndexes[c]);
    MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
 
    /* Note the worker has its own transaction nesting level */
    reindexingNestLevel = GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel();
}

References Assert(), SerializedReindexState::currentlyReindexedHeap, currentlyReindexedHeap, SerializedReindexState::currentlyReindexedIndex, currentlyReindexedIndex, GetCurrentTransactionNestLevel(), lappend_oid(), MemoryContextSwitchTo(), NIL, SerializedReindexState::numPendingReindexedIndexes, SerializedReindexState::pendingReindexedIndexes, pendingReindexedIndexes, reindexingNestLevel, and TopMemoryContext.

Referenced by ParallelWorkerMain().

SerializeReindexState()

void SerializeReindexState	(	Size	maxsize,
		char *	start_address
	)

Definition at line 4158 of file index.c.

{
    SerializedReindexState *sistate = (SerializedReindexState *) start_address;
    int         c = 0;
    ListCell   *lc;
 
    sistate->currentlyReindexedHeap = currentlyReindexedHeap;
    sistate->currentlyReindexedIndex = currentlyReindexedIndex;
    sistate->numPendingReindexedIndexes = list_length(pendingReindexedIndexes);
    foreach(lc, pendingReindexedIndexes)
        sistate->pendingReindexedIndexes[c++] = lfirst_oid(lc);
}

References SerializedReindexState::currentlyReindexedHeap, currentlyReindexedHeap, SerializedReindexState::currentlyReindexedIndex, currentlyReindexedIndex, lfirst_oid, list_length(), SerializedReindexState::numPendingReindexedIndexes, SerializedReindexState::pendingReindexedIndexes, and pendingReindexedIndexes.

Referenced by InitializeParallelDSM().

validate_index()

void validate_index	(	Oid	heapId,
		Oid	indexId,
		Snapshot	snapshot
	)

Definition at line 3310 of file index.c.

{
    Relation    heapRelation,
                indexRelation;
    IndexInfo  *indexInfo;
    IndexVacuumInfo ivinfo;
    ValidateIndexState state;
    Oid         save_userid;
    int         save_sec_context;
    int         save_nestlevel;
 
    {
        const int   progress_index[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_DONE,
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_TOTAL,
            PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_DONE,
            PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_TOTAL
        };
        const int64 progress_vals[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_VALIDATE_IDXSCAN,
            0, 0, 0, 0
        };
 
        pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(5, progress_index, progress_vals);
    }
 
    /* Open and lock the parent heap relation */
    heapRelation = table_open(heapId, ShareUpdateExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * Switch to the table owner's userid, so that any index functions are run
     * as that user.  Also lock down security-restricted operations and
     * arrange to make GUC variable changes local to this command.
     */
    GetUserIdAndSecContext(&save_userid, &save_sec_context);
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(heapRelation->rd_rel->relowner,
                           save_sec_context | SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION);
    save_nestlevel = NewGUCNestLevel();
 
    indexRelation = index_open(indexId, RowExclusiveLock);
 
    /*
     * Fetch info needed for index_insert.  (You might think this should be
     * passed in from DefineIndex, but its copy is long gone due to having
     * been built in a previous transaction.)
     */
    indexInfo = BuildIndexInfo(indexRelation);
 
    /* mark build is concurrent just for consistency */
    indexInfo->ii_Concurrent = true;
 
    /*
     * Scan the index and gather up all the TIDs into a tuplesort object.
     */
    ivinfo.index = indexRelation;
    ivinfo.heaprel = heapRelation;
    ivinfo.analyze_only = false;
    ivinfo.report_progress = true;
    ivinfo.estimated_count = true;
    ivinfo.message_level = DEBUG2;
    ivinfo.num_heap_tuples = heapRelation->rd_rel->reltuples;
    ivinfo.strategy = NULL;
 
    /*
     * Encode TIDs as int8 values for the sort, rather than directly sorting
     * item pointers.  This can be significantly faster, primarily because TID
     * is a pass-by-reference type on all platforms, whereas int8 is
     * pass-by-value on most platforms.
     */
    state.tuplesort = tuplesort_begin_datum(INT8OID, Int8LessOperator,
                                            InvalidOid, false,
                                            maintenance_work_mem,
                                            NULL, TUPLESORT_NONE);
    state.htups = state.itups = state.tups_inserted = 0;
 
    /* ambulkdelete updates progress metrics */
    (void) index_bulk_delete(&ivinfo, NULL,
                             validate_index_callback, (void *) &state);
 
    /* Execute the sort */
    {
        const int   progress_index[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
            PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_DONE,
            PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_TOTAL
        };
        const int64 progress_vals[] = {
            PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_VALIDATE_SORT,
            0, 0
        };
 
        pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(3, progress_index, progress_vals);
    }
    tuplesort_performsort(state.tuplesort);
 
    /*
     * Now scan the heap and "merge" it with the index
     */
    pgstat_progress_update_param(PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE,
                                 PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_VALIDATE_TABLESCAN);
    table_index_validate_scan(heapRelation,
                              indexRelation,
                              indexInfo,
                              snapshot,
                              &state);
 
    /* Done with tuplesort object */
    tuplesort_end(state.tuplesort);
 
    elog(DEBUG2,
         "validate_index found %.0f heap tuples, %.0f index tuples; inserted %.0f missing tuples",
         state.htups, state.itups, state.tups_inserted);
 
    /* Roll back any GUC changes executed by index functions */
    AtEOXact_GUC(false, save_nestlevel);
 
    /* Restore userid and security context */
    SetUserIdAndSecContext(save_userid, save_sec_context);
 
    /* Close rels, but keep locks */
    index_close(indexRelation, NoLock);
    table_close(heapRelation, NoLock);
}

References IndexVacuumInfo::analyze_only, AtEOXact_GUC(), BuildIndexInfo(), DEBUG2, elog(), IndexVacuumInfo::estimated_count, GetUserIdAndSecContext(), IndexVacuumInfo::heaprel, IndexInfo::ii_Concurrent, IndexVacuumInfo::index, index_bulk_delete(), index_close(), index_open(), InvalidOid, maintenance_work_mem, IndexVacuumInfo::message_level, NewGUCNestLevel(), NoLock, IndexVacuumInfo::num_heap_tuples, pgstat_progress_update_multi_param(), pgstat_progress_update_param(), PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_VALIDATE_IDXSCAN, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_VALIDATE_SORT, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_PHASE_VALIDATE_TABLESCAN, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_DONE, PROGRESS_CREATEIDX_TUPLES_TOTAL, PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_DONE, PROGRESS_SCAN_BLOCKS_TOTAL, RelationData::rd_rel, IndexVacuumInfo::report_progress, RowExclusiveLock, SECURITY_RESTRICTED_OPERATION, SetUserIdAndSecContext(), ShareUpdateExclusiveLock, IndexVacuumInfo::strategy, table_close(), table_index_validate_scan(), table_open(), tuplesort_begin_datum(), tuplesort_end(), TUPLESORT_NONE, tuplesort_performsort(), and validate_index_callback().

Referenced by DefineIndex(), and ReindexRelationConcurrently().